Photocatalytic Degradation Of Organic Contaminants Research Articles

Excellent performance of BiOI/AgEuW2O8 S-Scheme heterojunction for photocatalytic degradation of contaminants under visible light: Experimental and computational studies

A series of xBiOI/AgEuW2O8 (BIAEW-x, x = 1, 2, 3) photocatalysts were prepared by hydrothermal method, further applied for photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants under the visible light irradiation. The microstructure and photocatalytic properties of the as-synthesized samples were determined by various techniques such as XRD, SEM, TG-DTG, XPS, UV–Vis, ESR, and N2-adsorption. Heterojunction was formed within transition area between BiOI and AgEuW2O8, and the special structure was further validated by the results of XRD and XPS. It was found the composite with 2:1 ratio of BiOI/AgEuW2O8 possessed the highest activity of 99.48 % rhodamine B (RhB) photodegradation which was observed under the optimized conditions (3 h, pH = 5, 60 mg, 30 mg/L). This may be due to the maximum existence of BiOI/AgEuW2O8 heterojunction within the solid, which promotes the generation of the active species during the photocatalytic process. Besides, the newly-formed O–Ag bonds bridging the interface between BiOI (1 0 2) and AgEuW2O8 (0 0 4) were also confirmed according to the DFT calculations, and the electrons and holes increased largely for the interface structure. Moreover, the photodegradation process of RhB promoted by xBiOI/AgEuW2O8 follows first-order kinetic law. Furthermore, the trapping experiments were respectively conducted via addition of different trapping reagents, of which the holes were confirmed as the key active species on photodegradation of RhB over BIAEW-2 under visible light irradiation.

Boosting solar-driven photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants and bacterial deactivation using marigold- like Cu2O decorated g-C3N4 nanocomposite

Keeping the high efficiency in designing photocatalysts in view, the present work was aimed at the development of a heterojunction photocatalyst with boosted efficiencies, both for degradation of organic contaminants and bacterial deactivation. Heterojunction nanocomposites of g-C3N4 (GCN) and Cu2O (Cu2O /GCN-5 %, Cu2O /GCN-15 %, Cu2O/GCN-25 %, and Cu2O /GCN-50 %) were prepared by hydrothermal method and their photocatalytic performance was evaluated. XPS result confirms the surface chemical composition of nanocomposite and consistent with EDX analysis. The BET studies of Cu2O/GCN −25 % nanocomposite reveals the larger specific surface area (128.10 m2/g), compared to intact Cu2O, which facilitates more active sites on the surface. The optical bandgap energy (2.39 eV-2.58 eV) is tuned towards the visible region by loading g-C3N4 in marigold-like Cu2O. The efficient charge transfer betwixt marigold-like Cu2O and g-C3N4 was demonstrated in PL, CV, and EIS analysis. The Cu2O/GCN-25 % nanocomposite exhibits superior photocatalytic activity towards Aniline blue dye (86.4 %) and β-lactam antibiotic amoxicillin (79 %) under 100 min of sunlight irradiation. HPLC analysis further confirmed the degradation and disintegration of Amoxicillin. The probable photocatalytic mechanism was proposed and tested through a radical scavenger experiment. It was found that ●OH radicals significantly take part in the photodegradation. In addition, the bactericidal activities of Cu2O/GCN-25 % nanocomposite was determined. The highest bactericidal activity was observed for Bacillus subtilis (26 mm). Hence, the marigold-like Cu2O/GCN-25 % nanocomposite is a feasible material for the degradation of dyeing and pharmaceutical industrial effluents as well as bacterial growth inhibition.

Visible-light-induced photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants by Silver(I)-loaded N-rich porous organic polymers

Heterogeneous photocatalysts with high activity and reactive free radicals can be used to effectively remove water pollutants in harsh environments, which have attracted considerable attention in the environment chemistry. Here, we designed two conjugated organic porous polymers POPs 1-2 with high redox activity and potential π-electron delocalization. Upon combination with silver(I) nitride salt in solution, two metal-anchoring polymeric catalysts POPs 3-4 were successfully constructed, which possessed a strong electron donating ability as well as a high coplanarity and photoelectron properties. Through the loading of AgNO3, the carrier separation ability was effectively improved and the photocatalytic activity of POPs 3-4 was enhanced because of the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect of Ag localized at the polymer surface. The photocatalytic results demonstrated that POPs 3-4 could degrade RhB, MO and TC under visible light irradiation. The photodegradation efficiency reached 82.9% for RhB, 28.6% for Mo and 56.6% for TC with the presence of POP-3, and 76.3% for RhB, 51.1% for Mo and 37.7% for TC with the presence of POP-4, respectively. Furthermore, two porous polymer catalysts showed an excellent reusability in heterogenous conditions, the performance results show that the cycle degradation efficiency has been consistently maintained at over 90%. This demonstrates the robust and reliable performance of the material under repeated test conditions. A plausible photocatalytic mechanism triggered by ROS was proposed for the degradation of organic contaminant. This work on silver(I)-anchored porous organic polymers provided a possibility for development of the highly effective photocatalyst materials towards organic pollutants photodegradation under mild conditions.

Facile synthesis of CuO/CePO4 nanocomposite for the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants under visible light

This study involves the synthesis of pristine CuO and CePO4 nanoparticles, along with various weight percentages of CuO/CePO4 composite (wt.% = 1, 2, 5, 10, and 50 of CuO) via in-situ precipitation method. The composite was characterized using XRD, FTIR, UV-DRS, PL, SEM, and EDS. SEM observations revealed the formation of pure needle-shaped CuO and agglomerated CePO4 in the nanocomposite. The degradation percentage of the organic pollutants MB, RhB, MO and TC under visible light illumination was found to be 72.6 %, 69.6 %, 28.57 % and 84.58 % respectively. The kinetic studies were performed and the C10 nanocomposite was the best among the other synthesized composites. The photocatalytic mechanism of the composite was studied by radical scavenging tests, supporting the formation of a p-p heterojunction of the nanocomposite. The factors influencing the photocatalysis were studied to find the optimum parameters feasible for the photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants and photocatalyst reusability was also investigated.

La/Fe bimetallic MOF-derived p-LaFeO3/n-CdS heterojunction: efficient photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants and adsorption isotherms

Designing efficient catalysts with strong redox characteristics and high visible light absorption in the field of photocatalysis.

MgAl2O4 nanospinel: Green synthesis, characterization and effective heterogeneous catalyst for the photocatalytic degradation of carbol fuchsin dye and synthesis of 2-aryl substituted benzoxazole derivatives

In this study we report, plant extract mediated green, expedient, cost effective and environment friendly synthesis of MgAl2O4 nanospinel and their potential application in the field of photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminant and biologically active benzoxazole synthesis. The synthesized spinel material was characterized by XRD, TGA, FT-IR, FE-SEM, EDAX, TEM, UV–Visible spectra, XPS and BET for obtaining the structural, morphological, optical, and textural properties. Sunlight driven photocatalytic degradation efficiency of this catalyst was performed on a widely used industrial dye carbol fuchsin (CF) which is a major contaminant that is being mixed in water resources. The contamination could be degraded upto 96.84 % when its concentration is 30 ppm at pH 9, by the nanospinel of 0.6 g/L. Kinetic model of degradation follows pseudo- first order kinetic with rate constant of 0.043 min−1. Also the nanospinel has the key benefits in the synthesis of some benzoxazole derivatives as a catalyst, that its shorter reaction time, excellent yield, safety and moderate reaction conditions, non-toxicity and simple work up procedures.

BiOCl Nanosheets with Vacancy Containing (001) and (110) Facets for the Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Contaminants

BiOCl Nanosheets with Vacancy Containing (001) and (110) Facets for the Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Contaminants

Interface-induced efficient adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants using rGO/SnO2 nanocomposites: exploring the role of rGO concentration at the interface

This study presents the synthesis and characterization of rGO/SnO2 nanocomposites and investigates their efficacy in the adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants. The nanocomposites were synthesized via a one-step hydrothermal route, which is an environmentally friendly method without the use of hazardous reducing agents. The incorporation of rGO onto SnO2 nanostructures led to bandgap modification and increased specific surface area, synergistically enhancing the adsorption and photocatalytic properties of the nanocomposites. The influence of varying rGO concentrations on the performance of the nanocomposite was systematically examined. An optimal weight ratio of 15% of rGO was identified, providing the most effective adsorption-photodegradation synergy, resulting in the rapid degradation of organic contaminants under simulated sunlight irradiation. The nanocomposites demonstrated high degradation rates for a mixture of rhodamine B (RhB) and methylene blue (MB) dyes within 50 min. Scavenger experiments identified superoxide anion radicals (O 2 •−) and hydroxyl free radicals (OH•) as the primary active species involved in the photocatalytic degradation process. Furthermore, the study explored the influence of initial dye concentration and photocatalyst mass under optimized conditions. The interfacial contact between rGO nanosheets and SnO2 nanostructures played a crucial role in enhancing the photocatalytic performance by facilitating efficient charge carrier separation. The results indicated the efficient degradation of high concentrations of dyes and demonstrated the potential of rGO/SnO2 nanocomposites for real-world wastewater treatment applications. Overall, this study highlights the remarkable adsorption-photocatalytic synergy of rGO/SnO2 nanocomposites, offering a promising solution for the simultaneous degradation of mixed organic contaminants.

Green synthesis of rectangular hollow tubular carbon nitride via in-situ self-assembly strategy to enhance the degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride under visible light irradiation

It has been an urgent requirement for materials with remarkable performance in the photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants by photocatalytic technology. Limited surface area and speedy recombination rate of photogenerated charge carriers seriously restrain the application of g-C3N4. Morphology control is a powerful approach to enhance the photocatalytic efficiency of g-C3N4. Herein, we reported a method to attain graphitic carbon nitride with rectangular hollow tubular morphology and asperous surface (TUM–CN–2) which is prepared from urea-melamine hydrothermal products and trithiocyanuric acid by self-assembling without using organic solvents or template agents. The specific surface area, photocatalytic activity, and photo-generated carriers migration and separation rate of the obtained photocatalyst TUM–CN–2 are vastly improved. Contrasted with pure g-C3N4, the degradation rate of tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) and Rhodamine B (RhB) was enhanced about 3.04 and 13.96 times in visible light irradiation, respectively. Moreover, the interference parameters, active free radicals, potential degradation mechanism, and degradation paths of TCH were researched systematically. This work provides a green way to acquire the modified g-C3N4 with splendid catalytic activity through the self-assembly method.

Direct Hydrothermally Synthesized Novel Z-Scheme Dy3+ Doped ZnO/SnS Nanocomposite for Rapid Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Contaminants

Different concentrations (1, 3 and 5 wt%) of dysprosium (Dy3+)-doped ZnO/SnS (ZSD) nanophotocatalysts using the one-step facile hydrothermal method at 230 ℃ are presented. Their structure, morphological appearance, inclusion of constituent elements, bandgap engineering and luminescent nature are confirmed by the XRD, TEM, XPS, UV-DRS and PL techniques. The photocatalytic activity (PCA) of the prepared nano photocatalysts is studied in the presence of a model pollutant MB under solar light illumination. The degradation kinetics and charge separation mechanism of the ZSD photocatalysts are also presented. Our XRD analysis showed the mixed-phase occurrence of ZnO (hexagonal) and SnS (orthorhombic) from their JCPDS numbers with no additional traces of a doping element, which in turn indicates the purity, substantial crystal structure and high dispersion of the samples. TEM micrographs revealed the appearance of a flake structure and more agglomeration when increasing the dopant concentration. The XPS spectra confirmed the Zn2+, Sn2+, S2−, O2− and Dy3+ oxidation states of the constituent elements along with carbon and nitrogen peaks. The Tauc plots showed a decreasing trend in the optical bandgap, i.e., a redshift due to the loading of Dy3+ ions into Sn2+ ions. The lower recombination rate of photoinduced e−-h+ pairs is noted when increasing the Dy3+ ion content; i.e., the luminescent intensity is suppressed when increasing the concentration of Dy3+ ions. The obtained degradation efficiency of the MB dye using the ZSD3 nano photocatalyst is around 98% for a duration of 120 min under solar light irradiation. The prepared ZSD photocatalyst follows pseudo first-order kinetics, and the evidence for attaining a robust Z-scheme PCA is presented in the form of the charge separation mechanism.

Fabrication of single tungsten / copper / cobalt atom oxide anchored BiVO4-rGO for boosting photodegradation of norfloxacin and rhodamine B

Herein, we fabricated a single metal atom oxide (W, Cu and Co) anchored on the interstitials atomic line of BiVO4 with reduced graphene oxide (rGO-ED-BiVO4-WCuCo) by simple sonication process, which demonstrated a good photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants. Through examination of the physical and chemical characteristics of the prepared material discovered that the higher density loading of single metal atom oxide (SMAO) uniformly on interstitials atomic line of BiVO4 improved its ability to absorb visible light. The photocatalytic efficiency of nanocomposites has been evaluated in the presence of visible light using the model chemicals norfloxacin (NF) and rhodamine B (RB). Comparison of pristine heteropoly acid, BiVO4, and nanocomposites rGO-ED-BiVO4-WCo-30, rGO-ED-BiVO4-WCu-30 and rGO-ED-BiVO4-WCuCo-20, demonstrated that employing rGO-ED-BiVO4-WCuCo-30 increased the degradation efficiency of NF and RB to 95.6% and 97.8%, proving that W/Cu/Co deposition is a useful method for boosting BiVO4's photocatalytic activity. The enhanced electron transfer capacity may be attributed in large part to the incorporation of W, Cu, and Co oxide, which acts as a potent electron driving force. After five cycles of reusing rGO-ED-BiVO4-WCuCo-30, a slight decrease in the degradation efficiency was noticed. LC-MS identified the generation of possible intermediates along the norfloxacin degradation pathway. Overall, a simple technique to synthesize SMAO catalysts for the visible light mediated heterogeneous photocatalytic degradation of pharmaceutical and dye contaminants is reported.

TiO2@ZnO nanocomposite: bifunctional material for solid phase extraction of U(VI) and Th(IV) and photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminant

TiO2@ZnO nanocomposite: bifunctional material for solid phase extraction of U(VI) and Th(IV) and photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminant

Target recognition and preferential degradation of toxic chemical groups by innovative group-imprinted photocatalyst with footprint cavity

Target recognition and preferential degradation of toxic chemical groups remain critical challenges in photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminant. In this study, the concept of group-imprinting was first proposed, and group-imprinted copolymers of aniline and pyrrole were grafted from the surface of magnetic CuFeO2@MnO2 nanocomposites (MIP-CuFeO2@MnO2) using acrylamide as dummy templates for imprinting the amide group of tetracycline for the first attempt, and the molar ratios of dummy template molecule to functional monomer was optimized. The magnetic MIP-CuFeO2@MnO2 showed high adsorption capacity and good recognition for tetracycline. In mixture solution of tetracycline and ibuprofen, the distribution coefficient (kd) value of MIP-CuFeO2@MnO2 for tetracycline was 0.308 L/g, which is 6.86 times more than for ibuprofen (only 0.045 L/g). The selection factor (α) of MIP-CuFeO2@MnO2 is about 3.2 times that of non-imprinted counterpart, indicating that the imprinting cavities in copolymer layer which match with the amide groups of tetracycline can selectively recognize and adsorb tetracycline. More importantly, MIP-CuFeO2@MnO2 exhibited preferential degradation performance for amide groups, which was confirmed by the intermediates and degradation pathway. The E. coli growth suggests effective toxicity reduction of tetracycline due to the preferential degradation of amide groups by photocatalysis of MIP-CuFeO2@MnO2.

An environmentally friendly bifunctional composite mediated by metal organic frameworks for dramatically enhanced SERS and photocatalytic performances

The portable materials with excellent bi-functionality used in monitoring and photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants are significant in light energy utilization and sustainability. Herein, a plug and play and cost-efficient Ti-TiO2-ZIF-8-Ag (ET-Z8-Ag) composite was facilely fabricated. It showed that the etched titanium sheet was conducive to the growths of the zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) and Ag with good dispersion. Furthermore, the SERS and photocatalytic performances of the ET-Z8-Ag were studied with p-aminothiophenol (p-ATP, a harmful pesticide intermediate) as the analyte. It showed that more p-ATP molecules can be adsorbed as a result of the π-π interaction and Ag-S bond between p-ATP and the ET-Z8-Ag. Moreover, the large and special heterogeneous interface in the ET-Z8-Ag was advantageous to promoting charge transfer, and thus SERS response and photocatalytic degradation of p-ATP were improved. Compared with some materials reported, the ET-Z8-Ag with a smaller amount of Ag showed higher sensitivity and faster degradation rate towards p-ATP. Especially, almost 100% p-ATP in river water can be rapidly removed within 5 min with the help of the ET-Z8-Ag, and its efficiency was still remained after six cycles. The cost-efficient and portable composite will be potential in the detection and removal of organic pollutants in wastewater.

Efficient adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants using TiO2/(Bi2O3/Bi2O2.33) nanotubes

TiO2 nanotubes decorated with Bi2O3/Bi2O2.33 nanosheets were prepared through a facile avenue that combines sacrifice template and hydrothermal methods. The TiO2 nanotube structure provided a large specific surface area, and the TiO2/(Bi2O3/Bi2O2.33) heterojunction broadened the light absorption range by reducing the bandgap to 2.746 eV. The TiO2/(Bi2O3/Bi2O2.33) heterostructure demonstrated high adsorption capability for methyl orange (100 mg/L) with a 70% adsorption rate after 60 min. The photocatalytic performance of the TiO2/(Bi2O3/Bi2O2.33) heterostructure was evaluated through the degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH). The removal rates of RhB (10 mg/L) and high concentration TCH (50 mg/L) could reach 93% and 96% after 60 min and 120 min of light irradiation, respectively. Theoretical calculations showed that the TiO2/(Bi2O3/Bi2O2.33) structure enhanced photogenerated charge separation, leading to improved degradation of organic pollutants. This study provides a facile way for designing and creating heterostructural nanotubes with enhanced performance for removing organic pollutants.

Fabrication of semiconducting photo nano catalyst ZnO/SnO2/ CdS to cleanup the dairy wastewater in sunlight

The creation of three nanoparticles and their use in the photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants found in dairy effluent is reported here using a sustainable and repeatable process. Physicochemical techniques, including X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray, were used to characterize the materials. The photocatalytic degradation of methyl violet using three nanoparticles is investigated using a UV–Vis spectrophotometer. Solar radiation and nanoparticles were investigated to improve photocatalysis procedures. The study aimed to determine the effects of concentrated sunlight and combined catalysts on chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and bacterial inactivation. The concentrated sun approach achieved 90% and 95% COD and BOD removal efficiency. Comparing all the metal oxide nanoparticles, the combined nanoparticles ZnO/CdS/SnO2 demonstrate significantly better performance in the photocatalytic process. The main objective is to treat dairy wastewater for reuse for various social purposes.

Bi2O3/Bi2O2.33@ECNF: A recyclable material for efficient adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants

The removal of organic contaminants from water poses a significant challenge that can be tackled by integrating adsorption and photocatalytic degradation functions in a single architecture. However, traditional powdery nanomaterials face challenges in separation and lack synergistic function, hampering their practical application. This study presents a one-step hydrothermal synthesis of a convenient recyclable Bi2O2.33/Bi2O3@ECNF (electrospun carbon nanofibers), which combines both adsorption and photocatalytic performance. The Bi2O2.33/Bi2O3 exhibits high adsorption removal of methyl orange (MO), reaching 94.56 % and a maximum capacity of 213.13 mg g−1. Additionally, the Bi2O2.33/Bi2O3 shows a high charge transfer rate, strong redox ability, and efficient removal of Rhodamine B (RhB) at 83.01 %. Loading the Bi2O2.33/Bi2O3 on lightweight carbon fibers allows for easy recycling. The Bi2O2.33/Bi2O3@ECNF demonstrates excellent stability and reusability, with a removal rate of 87.37 % for tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) at high concentrations. This work presents a promising solution for the practical application of photocatalysts by overcoming the limitations of single photocatalysts and minimizing secondary pollution from single adsorbents.

N→π* Electron Transitions and Directional Charge Migration Synergistically Promoting O2 Activation and Holes Utilization on Carbon Nitride for Efficiently Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Contaminants.

Stimulating electron transitions and promoting exciton dissociation are crucial for improving the photocatalytic performance of polymeric carbon nitride (CN) yet still challenging. Herein, a novel CN with C dopant and asymmetric structure (CC-UCN2 ) is ingeniously synthesized. The obtained CC-UCN2 not only reinforces the intrinsic π→π* electron transitions, but also successfully awakens additional n→π* electron transitions. Besides, charge centers dislocation caused by symmetry breaking induces a spontaneous polarized electric field, effectively breaking the constraints of Coulomb electrostatic interaction between electrons and holes and driving their directional migration. Along with the spatial separation of reduction and oxidation sites, CC-UCN2 shows exceptional O2 activation and holes oxidation efficiency, thus exhibits a high degradation rate constant (0.201min-1 ) and mineralization rate (80.1%) for bisphenol A (BPA)(far outperforming pristine and other modified CNs). This work proposes a novel perspective for developing high-efficiency photocatalysts and comprehending the underlying mechanism of O2 activation and holes oxidation for pollutant degradation.

Gamma Radiation Synthesis of Ag/P25 Nanocomposites for Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Contaminant.

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has garnered significant attention among various photocatalysts, whereas its photocatalytic activity is limited by its wide bandgap and inefficient charge separation, making the exploration of new strategies to improve its photocatalytic performance increasingly important. Here, we report the synthesis of Ag/P25 nanocomposites through a one-step gamma-ray radiation method using AgNO3 and commercial TiO2 (Degussa P25). The resulting products were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, UV-Vis diffused reflectance spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The effect of free radical scavengers, feed ratios of Ag/P25, and dose rates on the photocatalytic activity of the Ag/P25 nanocomposites were systematically investigated using rhodamine B under Xenon light irradiation. The results showed that the Ag/P25 photocatalyst synthesized with a feed ratio of 2.5 wt% and isopropyl alcohol as the free radical scavenger at a dose rate of 130 Gy/min exhibited outstanding photocatalytic activity, with a reaction rate constant of 0.0674 min-1, much higher than that of P25. Additionally, we found that the particle size of Ag could be effectively controlled by changing the dose rate, and the Ag/P25 nanocomposites doped with smaller size of Ag nanoparticles performed higher photocatalytic activities. The synthesis strategy presented in this study offers new insight into the future development of highly efficient photocatalysts using radiation techniques.

Ferric-ellagate complex: A promising multifunctional photocatalyst

The semiconductors have exhibited great potential in the field of photocatalytic energy production, environmental remediation and bactericidal. Nevertheless, those inorganic semiconductors are still restricted in commercial application due to the drawbacks of easy agglomeration and low solar energy conversion efficiency. Herein, ellagic acid (EA) based metal–organic complexes (MOCs) were synthesized through a facile stirring process at room temperature with Fe3+, Bi3+ and Ce3+ as the metal center. The EA-Fe photocatalyst exhibited superior photocatalytic activity toward Cr(VI) reduction, where Cr(VI) were completely removed within 20 min. Meanwhile, EA-Fe also displayed good photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants and photocatalytic bactericidal performance. The photodegradation rates of TC and RhB by EA-Fe were 15 and 5 times that by bare EA, respectively. Moreover, EA-Fe was capable of effectively eliminating both E. coli and S. aureus bacteria. It was found that EA-Fe was capable of generating superoxide radicals, which could participate in the reduction of heavy metals, degradation of organic contaminants and inactivation of bacteria. A photocatalysis-self-Fenton system could be established by EA-Fe solely. This work would provide a new insight for designing multifunctional MOCs with high photocatalytic efficiency.