Photodegradation Of Methylene Blue Research Articles

UV photodegradation of methylene blue using microstructural carbon materials derived from citrullus colocynthis

A low temperature aqueous growth followed by mild pyrolysis was used in this study to synthesize high-quality carbonized materials from the deserted plant Citrullus Colocynthis. It was found that the carbon material prepared for this study contained an abundance of functional groups and surface active sites. A few microns were evidently the size of the carbon material. This study investigated a variety of photocatalytic performance evaluation parameters, including initial dye concentration of methylene blue, pH effect on dye solution, scavenger stability, and recycle stability via irradiating UV light. Methylene blue degradation was found to be significantly affected by pH and concentration of the dye solution. It has been found that pH five is the most effective pH for the removal of dyes. As a result of the study, we found that methylene blue decays according to pseudo first order kinetics and is estimated to remove dye at an almost 100% rate.

Earth-abundant quaternary chalcogenide copper zinc tin sulfide-based nanocomposites CZTS-gCN and CZTS-GO (graphene oxide) as photocatalysts for degradation of methylene blue

This study explores the potential of Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) as an environmentally friendly and nontoxic semiconductor photocatalytic material with a narrow band gap. The research focuses on investigating, photocatalytic degradation of Methylene Blue (MB) using CZTS-based nanocomposites prepared through hydrothermal approach. The experiments conducted in this study aim to determine the kinetics of photodegradation and adsorption of MB. Several models are applied to the experimental data to understand the underlying principles governing photocatalysis. The CZTS-gCN and CZTS-GO nanocomposites are thoroughly characterized using various analytical techniques such as X-ray diffraction for phase purity and crystallite size, Scanning Electron Microscopy, and other characterization are also employed to observe the morphology, phase structure, optical band gap, recombination of charge carriers The study discusses a potential method for enhancing the photocatalytic performance of the CZTS nanocomposite under light conditions. The photodegradation rate of MB dye is evaluated, showing a remarkable 64% degradation.

Synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles using red spinach leaf extract (Amaranthus Tricolor L.) for photocatalytic of methylene blue degradation

ABSTRACT Textile industry waste such as methylene blue can pose a serious threat to health and ecosystems. One solution to overcome this problem is to utilize photocatalytic technology using TiO2 semiconductors. This research aims to make green synthetic TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) using red spinach (Amaranthus Tricolor L.) leaf extract and used for photodegradation of methylene blue. Extraction of red spinach leaves showed that 30 min and a temperature of 95°C showed the highest phenolic content. In this research, several phenolic compounds were also identified in red spinach extract. For TiO2 NPs, the X-ray diffraction results show that TiO2 has a pure anatase phase. Electron microscope results show that TiO2 has the shape of agglomerated spherical clusters. The particle size distribution shows that TiO2 has an average size range of 77–90 nm. The methylene blue photodegradation showed that TiO2 had an efficiency of 90.36% for 180 min, higher than commercial TiO2 Evonic. This result can be attributed to the small particle size and broadband spectra so that photocatalysis is more effective.

Visible-light-driven BiOI and GO/BiOI photocatalysts for organic pollutants degradation and hydrogen production using low power sources

BiOI and (3 wt%)GO/BiOI visible-light-driven photocatalysts were obtained by a one-pot solvothermal method and successfully applied to the degradation of single and binary dye solutions of rhodamine B (RhB) and methylene blue (MB) and H2 production using very low-power sources. The GO/BiOI with hierarchical flower morphologies exhibited the highest activity, achieving RhB and MB photodegradation percentages (%Xdye) of 100% and 80%, respectively, in 240 min employing a simple 19 W white LED array. Furthermore, GO/BiOI dosage and RhB initial concentration play an essential role in dye degradation, and scavenger assays confirmed that holes and superoxides are the main species causing RhB oxidation. TOC analysis determined an efficiency of 70%, and after three uses, the GO/BiOI attained a %XRhB of 84%. The H2 evolution was performed under 2 W UV light, yielding 323.25 μmol/h∙g of H2 for BiOI, and the addition of GO nanosheets increased the photoactivity of GO/BiOI up to 63% (509.61 μmol/h∙g). The catalytic activity of GO/BiOI is superior to values reported in the literature considering nominal power consumption (kWh) vs. efficiency of RhB degradation or H2 production.

Formation and catalytic potential of sheet like nanostructured amino functionalized graphene oxide Schiff's base immobilized by Cu nanoparticles in Click reaction, oxidation of fluorene and in photodegradation of methylene blue

A heterogeneous catalyst, environmentally benign, containing copper immobilized over amino functionalized Schiff's base graphene oxide was prepared. The prepared nanocatalyst was explored in various organic transformations such as in tri-azoles formation, in oxidation and the degradation of methylene blue. Click chemistry was employed in the formation of triazoles for the construction of carbon-heteroatom bonds which have many applications ranging from drug discovery to material science. Our present work focused on graphene-based nanocatalyst (Cu @NH2GO) which provided excellent efficiency and catalytic activity in carrying out organic transformations. The prepared nanocatalyst was characterized and examined by various spectroscopic techniques such as X-ray diffraction (PXRD), thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), EDX, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), Fourier transformer infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). TEM images showed the light grey sheets of silane functionalized Schiff's base on which Cu nanoparticles were immobilized. The catalyst was also explored for the degradation of methylene blue which provided an effective path for the treatment of wastewater. Methylene Blue is one of the environmentally persistent, carcinogenic and mutagenic cationic dyes. A large volume of methylene blue containing wastewater is discharged into groundwater or surface water. So it becomes necessary to degrade the toxic dye by the use of a prepared nanocatalyst (Cu @NH2GO). Moreover, the catalyst possesses excellent stability and reusability.

Characterization and Photocatalytic and Antibacterial Properties of Ag- and TiOx-Based (x = 2, 3) Composite Nanomaterials under UV Irradiation.

Metal and metal oxide nanostructured materials have been chemically and physically characterized and tested concerning methylene blue (MB) photoremoval and UV antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. In detail, silver nanoparticles and commercial BaTiO3 nanoparticles were modified to obtain nanocomposites through sonicated sol-gel TiO2 synthesis and the photodeposition of Ag nanoparticles, respectively. The characterization results of pristine nanomaterials and synthetized photocatalysts revealed significant differences in specific surface area (SSA), the presence of impurities in commercial Ag nanoparticles, an anatase phase with brookite traces for TiO2-based nanomaterials, and a mixed cubic-tetragonal phase for BaTiO3. Silver nanoparticles exhibited superior antibacterial activity at different dosages; however, they were inactive in the photoremoval of the dye. The silver-TiOx nanocomposite demonstrated an activity in the UV photodegradation of MB and UV inhibition of bacterial growth. Specifically, TiO2/AgNP (30-50 nm) reduced growth by 487.5 and 1.1 × 103 times for Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively, at a dose of 500 μg/mL under UV irradiation.

SYNTHESIS OF Ag-MODIFIED TiO2 SOL-GEL FILMS AND ITS APPLICATION AS PHOTOCATALYSTS FOR METHYLENE BLUE DEGRADATION

In the study, the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 films that are created by dip-coating from a sol that contained titanium (IV) isopropoxide, monoethanolamine, and 2-methoxyethanol is demonstrated. Through photo-fixation of Ag (I) ions with varied concentration (10-2 - 10-4 M) in the water phase under UV illumination, the films are subsequently surface-modified with Ag co-catalyst layers. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Ultraviolet-Visible (UV) Spectroscopy, and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) techniques are used to physically characterize the samples. Results reveal that the modification of the co-catalyst had no impact on the thickness and porosity of the films. In addition, the study show that the modified TiO2 films had increased photocatalytic activity. All the characterization methods used have shown the formationof surface - bound Ag (I) species and metallic silver nanoclusters. By measuring the Methylene Blue (MB) dye degradation under UV light illumination, as - prepared and Ag -modified TiO2 films are evaluated for their photocatalytic activity, and the impact of the silver precursor concentration during photo-fixation is investigated.The highest catalytic activity is seen for films that have been modified at a concentration of Ag (I) of 10-2 M. Ordered from highest to lowest, the MB photodegradation rate constants are TiO2 < TiO2 /Ag, 10-4 < TiO2 /Ag, 10-3 < TiO2 / Ag, 10-2.

Design of novel FeSe2/ZnO composites and their application in photodegradation of methylene blue

Water pollution has become one of the major global issues, posing serious threat to both humans and aquatic life. The elimination of organic industrial pollutants from wastewater is currently a major area of research. Herein, we report for the first time a novel FeSe2/ZnO composite system for highly efficient removal of organic dyes under visible light. FeSe2/ZnO composites with varying mass ratios of FeSe2 were successfully prepared through simple and low-cost chemical method. The physiochemical properties of the prepared FeSe2/ZnO composites were carefully evaluated and compared with those of pure ZnO rods and FeSe2 flowers. UV–vis spectroscopy confirmed that the coupling of FeSe2 with ZnO caused a significant improvement in the optical absorption of ZnO. The bandgap energies of FeSe2/ZnO composites showed a red shift with increasing the ratio of FeSe2 flowers. The prepared samples were evaluated for their photocatalytic response against the removal of methylene blue dye. Compared to the pure FeSe2 and ZnO, the composites displayed impressive photocatalytic performance. Among the prepared samples, composite with an optimum ratio of 75 wt% FeSe2 revealed outstanding photocatalytic efficiency, making it a promising candidate for the removal of organic pollutants.

Utilizing waste corn straw to photodegrade methyl orange and methylene blue: Photothermal effect of biochar enhances photodegradation efficiency

The burning of corn straw will cause serious air pollution, and the utilization of corn straw can avoid the burning of corn straw and reduce environmental pollution. The pyrolysis of corn straw into biochar (BC) is a promising approach to apply corn straw in environmentally sustainable development. Dye wastewater such as methyl orange (MO) and methylene blue (MB) is a pollution that poses a threat to human health and the environment. Herein, biochar/TiO2 (BC/TiO2) and biochar/ZnO (BC/ZnO) were prepared by pyrolysis of corn straw for the photodegradation of MO and MB in water. The MO removal rates of BC/TiO2 and BC/ZnO are up to 83.3 % and 76.2 %, respectively, and the MB removal rates of BC/TiO2 and BC/ZnO are 78.6 % and 71.4 %, respectively. The photothermal effect of BC improves the surface temperature of photocatalysts and promotes the separation and transfer of photogenerated electron-hole pairs, enhancing the photodegradation of MO and MB efficiencies. Three-dimensional (3D) FDTD simulations were performed to investigate the mechanism of photothermal effect in BC/TiO2 and BC/ZnO. This work provides a promising approach to the utilization of corn straw.

Optimization of electrolyte composition for enhanced photocatalytic performance of the ceramic coating produced on brass by plasma electrolytic oxidation

PEO coatings are formed by subjecting a metal substrate to an electrolytic plasma discharge, resulting in the formation of a porous and rough oxide layer. Herein, the significant role of the chemical composition of the electrolyte system and additives in the formation of an oxide coating on brass alloy in the PEO process was investigated. It was observed that the coating created with 8 g/l aluminate, 1 g/l NaOH, and 1 g/l KF electrolyte had higher homogeneity than other coatings. This is because a composite oxide coating of Cu2O, ZnO, and AlCuO2 was formed. Methylene Blue (MB), a widely used dye in various industries, is known to be persistent and environmentally harmful. The photocatalytic activity of the PEO coating on brass for the removal of MB was investigated under visible light exposure. According to the results, the presence of the sample produced in an electrolyte containing 8 g/l Aluminate, 1 g/l NaOH, and 1 g/l KF resulted in a degradation rate of approximately 65 % for MB photodegradation after 6 h of irradiation. The PEO-coated brass shows promising photocatalytic efficiency compared to our research group's PEO-coated TiO2 coatings, indicating its potential as a photocatalyst. The results highlight that PEO coating on brass could be a potential candidate for photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical applications.

Polyaniline-supported g-C3N4/ZnO/Ag2CrO4 composite for photodegradation of methylene blue under visible light irradiation

Organic dyes are a major source of environmental pollution from different industries. To remove these recalcitrant, a novel ternary g-C3N4/ZnO/Ag2CrO4 and its polyaniline-supported (PANI) composites were synthesized using an “in situ” oxidative polymerization approach. XRD, SEM, UV–Vis DRS, and PL techniques were utilized to characterize the as-prepared composites. The photocatalytic efficiency was evaluated using a model organic pollutant, methylene blue (MB), and samples of the effluent of the textile industry. The as-synthesized ternary g-C3N4/ZnO/Ag2CrO4 (ZT3= 87.87 %) composite showed better photocatalytic performance than the single (5 %) and binaries (15–25 %) counterparts for MB degradation. The influence of various experimental settings on the photodegradation of MB dye was examined and these were an initial dye amount of 10 ppm, photocatalyst load of 0.15 g/L, and pH 10. Under optimized conditions, PANI-supported g-C3N4/ZnO/Ag2CrO4 composite (PAST) demonstrated substantial degradation efficiency (97.5 %). The reusability study of the spent catalyst revealed a reduced efficiency from 97.5 to 78.5 % photodegradation of MB after four successive cycles, demonstrating the photocatalyst's stability and efficiency. According to the study on the effect of scavengers, h+ plays a significant part in the discoloration of MB. The PAST photocatalyst outperformed the MB discoloration (97.5 %) and adequate degradation for real textile effluent samples (77.7 %) collected from Hawassa textile industries. The photodegradation efficiency result of this study demonstrated that PANI-supported g-C3N4/ZnO/Ag2CrO4 might serve as an advantageous photocatalyst for the efficient removal of MB and other dyes under visible light irradiation at the optimum conditions. The total estimated cost analysis of synthesis and photocatalytic degradation using Polyaniline-supported g-C3N4/ZnO/Ag2CrO4 composite found that it was quite affordable, costing around $5 per 1,000 L of wastewater treatment.

Enhanced efficiency of AgAlO2/g-C3N4 binary composite to degrade organic pollutants for environmental remediation under visible light irradiation

This study explores the utilization of semiconductor-based photocatalysts for environmental remediation through photocatalytic degradation, harnessing solar energy for effective treatment. The primary focus is on the application of photocatalytic technology for the degradation of 2-chlorophenol and methylene blue, critical pollutants requiring remediation. The research involves the synthesis of binary AgAlO2/g-C3N4 nanocomposites through an exchange ion method, subsequent calcination, and sonication. This process enhances the transfer of photogenerated electrons from AgAlO2 to g-C3N4, resulting in a significantly increased reductive electron charge on the surface of g-C3N4. The photocatalytic activity of the synthesized composites is comprehensively examined in the degradation of 2-chlorophenol and methylene blue through detailed crystallographic, electron-microscopy, photoemission spectroscopy, electrochemical, and spectroscopic characterizations. Among the various composites, AgAlO2/20% g-C3N4 emerges as the most active photocatalyst, achieving an impressive 98% degradation of methylene blue and 97% degradation of 2-chlorophenol under visible light. Notably, AgAlO2/20% g-C3N4 surpasses bare AgAlO2 and bare g-C3N4, exhibiting 1.66 times greater methylene blue degradation and constant rate (k) values of 20.17 × 10−3 min−1, 4.18 × 10−3 min−1 and 3.48 × 10−3 min−1, respectively. The heightened photocatalytic activity is attributed to the diminished recombination rate of electron-hole pairs. Scavenging evaluations confirm that O2•− and h+ are the primary photoactive species steering methylene blue photodegradation over AgAlO2/g-C3N4 in the visible region. These findings present new possibilities for the development of efficient binary photocatalysts for environmental remediation.

Flexible SERS sensor based on the photodecoration of Au-NPs on Co3O4 NWs/carbon fiber cloth for the ultrasensitive detection of methylene blue in the curved fish surfaces

BackgroundDevelopment of flexible platform via the surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) technique has gained enormous attention as a low-cost and portable substrate for a wide range application. In particular, the fabrication of semiconductors and tuning their surface morphologies with plasmonic nanoparticles are considered to be a fascinating strategy to create numerous hotspots to yield superior SERS enhancement. ResultsThis work involved fabricating a flexible SERS active substrate using the carbon fiber cloth (CFC), which is hydrothermally grown with cobalt oxide nanowires (Co3O4 NWs) and photodecorated with plasmonic gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) for the ultrasensitive detection of organic dye, methylene blue (MB). The proposed substrate exhibits high enhancement factor (4.5 × 1010), low limit of detection (1.42 × 10−10 M), good uniformity (6.27 %), superior reproducibility (6.30 %) and demonstrate an excellent mechanical strength up to 40 cycles towards the MB detection. The residues of the MB are directly detected on the fish surfaces by adopting a facile swab-sampling technique. Additionally, the proposed flexible SERS sensor exhibit a successful photodegradation of MB at 90 min under UVC light irradiation. Significance and noveltyThe proposed flexible SERS methodology for detecting MB in the curved surfaces exhibited a superior SERS enhancement owing to the synergistic effect raised from the Co3O4 NWs (chemical enhancement) and Au NPs (electromagnetic enhancement). These findings indicate that the CFC-based flexible SERS sensor is a promising candidate for detecting various organic pollutants in real-time and on non-planar surfaces.

Facile synthesis and grafting of N2O2‐Cu(II) Schiff base complex onto graphene oxide surface: Aspects of its antimicrobial, anticancer, antiCOVID‐19 and photodegradation of methylene blue

AbstractIn this study, a facile synthesis and grafting method is reported for tetradentate Cu(II) Schiff base complex onto the surface of graphene oxide (GO). The Schiff base Cu‐complex was synthesized through the condensation reaction between 2,3‐diamino pyridine and 2‐hydroxy‐1‐naphthaldehyde, followed by the addition of Cu(II) ion to afford N2O2‐Cu(II) complex. The GO was prepared through a modified Hummers’ method and characterized using various spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. The Schiff base Cu‐complex was then grafted onto the surface of GO via a simple solution‐phase reaction, resulting in the formation of N2O2‐Cu(II) Schiff base/GO composite. The fabricated composite was characterized using FTIR spectroscopy, UV–vis, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Importantly, the prepared N2O2‐Cu(II) Schiff base complex exhibited excellent DNA interaction as well as efficient antimicrobial and anticancer activities. Additionally, it demonstrated potent anticancer activity against hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG‐2), and colon cancer cells (HCT‐116) and exhibited promising activity against the COVID‐19 receptor (PDB ID: 6LU7) along with the human DNA receptor (PDB ID: 1BNA). Furthermore, this fabricated heterogeneous catalyst showed enhanced photodegradation of MB with ≈92% conversion and four times recyclability. The overall results suggest that the Cu(II) Schiff base/GO composite has potential applications in various medical and environmental fields, including photodegradation/elimination of harmful organic dyes for water treatment applications.

Preparation and photocatalytic properties of BNMT-BNNS/TiO2 hierarchical heterostructures

A novel one-dimensional boron nitride and titanium oxide hierarchical heterostructures (BNMT-BNNS/TiO2) composite photocatalyst endowed with high specific surface area was synthesized by molten salt assisted annealing and sol-gel method. With the increase of TiO2 concentration, the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of BNMT-BNNS/TiO2 hierarchical heterostructures increased first and then decreases, while the adsorption tended to decrease. When the molar ratio of TiO2 to BNMT-BNNS was 27:50, BNMT-BNNS/TiO2 displayed a higher specific surface area of 79.6770 m2g-1 than that of TiO2 (19.810 m2g-1). The methylene blue photodegradation rate of BNMT-BNNS/TiO2 is 99.62% after 115 min ultraviolet irradiation, show 1.62 times higher than that of the synthesized pure TiO2. The positive synergistic degradation mechanism between the strong adsorption of BNMT-BNNS support and the excellent photocatalysis of TiO2 was also discussed in detail. This work reports the synthesis of BNMT-BNNS/TiO2 photocatalysts with high surface area, excellent photocatalytic performance and reusability. BNMT-BNNS/TiO2 has potential applications in practical environmental purification.

Coaxial Electrospun Porous Core-Shell Nanofibrous Membranes for Photodegradation of Organic Dyes.

In this study, a series of AgCl/ZnO-loaded nanofibrous membranes were prepared using coaxial electrospinning. Their physical and chemical characteristics were evaluated by SEM, TEM, XRD, XPS, IR, PL, and UV-visible spectrometer, and the photocatalytic experiments using methylene blue (MB) as a model pollutant. The formation of AgCl/ZnO heterojunction and the structure of core-shell nanofibers with porous shell layer were confirmed. AgCl/ZnO photocatalysts were also effectively loaded onto the surfaces of the porous core-shell nanofibers. The results of photocatalytic experiments revealed that the AgCl/ZnO (MAgCl:MZnO = 5:5)-loaded nanofibrous membrane achieved a degradation efficiency of 98% in just 70 min and maintained a photocatalytic efficiency exceeding 95% over the first five experimental cycles, which successfully addressed the issues of photocatalytic efficiency loss during the photodegradation of MB with AgCl/ZnO nanoparticles as photocatalyst. The photodegradation mechanism was also researched and proposed.

Development of a novel Z-scheme CoxNi1−xTiO3/CdS (x = 0.5) photocatalyst for the efficient degradation of organic pollutants via a visible-light-driven photocatalytic process

Herein, for the first time, we reported the synthesis of a novel Z-scheme CoxNi1−xTiO3/CdS (x = 0.5) heterojunction photocatalyst and the investigation of its visible-light-driven photocatalytic performance toward degradation of methylene blue (MB). The developed photocatalyst was structurally characterized by applying X-Ray diffraction analysis (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), differential reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), and photoluminescence (PL) techniques. The results indicated the formation of a highly porous structure with improved visible light adsorption capacity, favorable for the catalytic activity. At an optimum condition of 10 mg/L of MB and 300 mg/L of catalyst, the ternary photocatalyst demonstrated a MB removal efficiency of 99 % after 75 min of the treatment process. The radical trapping experiments unveiled that hydroxyl and superoxide radicals were two main reactive species formed under visible light, while the valance holes possessed an insignificant role. The synergetic impact of the CoxNi1−xTiO3 (x = 0.5) and CdS on the photodegradation of MB over the as-prepared CoxNi1−xTiO3/CdS (x = 0.5) photocatalyst through Z-scheme photocatalysis was indicated by the results of the mechanism studies. The percentage impact of the treatment time, MB concentration, the ratio of CoxNi1−xTiO3/CdS (x = 0.5), and the dosage of catalyst using analysis of the CCD modeling was obtained as 47.04, 16.67, 7.22 and 0.87 %, respectively. Furthermore, the as-synthesized photocatalyst possessed high recyclability and photostability with only a 3 % decline in activity after four repetitive cycles.

Ni, Co-Embedded MOF-Derived N-Doped Bimetallic Porous Carbon for Adsorption-Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dyes and Antibiotics.

An efficient protocol for photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes and antibiotics has been successfully established via MOF-derived (MOF = metal-organic framework) Ni, Co-embedded N-doped bimetallic porous carbon nanocomposites (NiCo/NC). Such a NiCo/NC nanocomposite features well-distributed structures, suitable specific surface areas, and more active sites determined by various characterization analyses. The catalyst exhibits higher photocatalytic performance and stability toward the liquid-phase degradation of methylene blue (MB) under visible light irradiation for 60 min, after the adsorption-desorption equilibrium and the thorough degradation into H2O and CO2. Radical quenching experiments further confirmed the dominant effect of electron holes h+ and superoxide radical anions ·O2- for the MB photodegradation process. NiCo/NC was also appropriate for the degradation of Rhodamine B, methyl orange, tetracycline hydrochloride, and norfloxacin. Moreover, NiCo/NC is robust, and its photocatalytic activity is basically maintained after 8 cycles. This work is expected to provide additional information for the design of MOF-derived carbon material with more excellent properties and lay the foundation for further industrial applications.

Multifaceted Applications of DNA-Capped Silver Nanoparticles in Photonics, Photocatalysis, Antibacterial Activity, Cytotoxicity, and Bioimaging.

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) capped silver nanoparticles are exceptional nanomaterials, featuring precise size and shape control enabled by DNA as a capping agent. DNA stabilizes these nanoparticles' role leading to uniform structures for diverse applications. These nanoparticles are excellent in photonics and medical applications, enhancing fluorescence and medical imaging. In this study, we explore the multifaceted applications of DNA-capped silver nanoparticles, delving into their optical, photocatalytic, antibacterial, cytotoxic, and bioimaging properties. Employing UV-visible absorption spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy, we provide an analysis of confirmation of silver nanoparticles. The investigation demonstrates substantial photocatalytic efficacy, photodegradation of methylene blue is higher than rhodamine 6G. The presence of silver nanoparticles enhances the fluorescence of rhodamine 6G doped sol-gel glasses. Furthermore, our findings illustrate significant antibacterial effects, encompassing both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, with DNA-capped silver nanoparticles exhibiting antibacterial activity. Cytotoxicity assessments on HeLa cells reveal concentration-dependent effects, with an LC50 value of 47 µL. Additionally, thein vitro experiments with HeLa cells suggest the promising utility of DNA-capped silver nanoparticles for bioimaging applications. This comprehensive analysis highlights the multifunctionality and potential of DNA-capped silver nanoparticles, offering promising avenues for further exploration and innovation within various scientific domains, particularly in the realm of nanomaterial research.

Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue Dye by Promising Zinc Copper Ferrite Nanoparticles for Wastewater Treatment

AbstractIn this work, crystalline copper-zinc ferrite nanoparticles were synthesized by a simple co-precipitation method. Morphological characterization of produced samples was done using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). A transmission electron microscope (TEM) was utilised for further identification and confirmation of the particle morphology and size. Moreover, Fourier transformation infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) was employed to examine crystalline structure, chemical structure, and surface area respectively. Optical properties were examined by UV–Vis spectroscopy. The results indicate that the Zn0.5Cu0.5Fe2O4 nanoparticles’ crystallite size was 28.5 nm. The experiments focused on the impact of various factors, such as pH levels, initial MB concentration, and nanocatalyst dosage, on the observed photocatalytic efficiency. The photocatalytic performance of Zn0.5Cu0.5Fe2O4 nanoparticles under UV light was evaluated by decolorization of Methylene Blue (MB) azo dye. Photocatalysis degradation of 10 ppm of MB adding 15 mg of Zn0.5Cu0.5Fe2O4 nanoparticles was 94% after 135 min at room temperature and pH value of 9. Further interpretation was carried out and a proposed mechanism for the MB photodegradation by Zn0.5Cu0.5Fe2O4 nanoparticles was suggested.