Photodegradation Of Bisphenol Research Articles

Photodegradation of bisphenol A in water and ice: identification of products using three photosensitizers

Photodegradation of bisphenol A in water and ice: identification of products using three photosensitizers

Integral approach of adsorption and photo-degradation of Bisphenol A using pyrolyzed rice straw biochar coated with metal oxide: batch, mechanism and optimization

Integral approach of adsorption and photo-degradation of Bisphenol A using pyrolyzed rice straw biochar coated with metal oxide: batch, mechanism and optimization

Synthesis of clay-based mesoporous material and its evaluation in the photodegradation of bisphenol A

Synthesis of clay-based mesoporous material and its evaluation in the photodegradation of bisphenol A

Tungsten-based nanocatalysts with different structures for visible light responsive photocatalytic degradation of bisphenol A

Environmental pollution, such as water contamination, is a critical issue that must be absolutely addressed. Here, three different morphologies of tungsten-based photocatalysts (WO3 nanorods, WO3/WS2 nanobricks, WO3/WS2 nanorods) are made using a simple hydrothermal method by changing the solvents (H2O, DMF, aqueous HCl solution). The as-prepared nanocatalysts have excellent thermal stability, large porosity, and high hydrophilicity. The results show all materials have good photocatalytic activity in aqueous media, with WO3/WS2 nanorods (NRs) having the best activity in the photodegradation of bisphenol A (BPA) under visible-light irradiation. This may originate from increased migration of charge carriers and effective prevention of electron‒hole recombination in WO3/WS2 NRs, whereby this photocatalyst is able to generate more reactive •OH and •O2– species, leading to greater photocatalytic activity. About 99.6% of BPA is photodegraded within 60 min when using 1.5 g/L WO3/WS2 NRs and 5.0 mg/L BPA at pH 7.0. Additionally, the optimal conditions (pH, catalyst dosage, initial BPA concentration) for WO3/WS2 NRs are also elaborately investigated. These rod-like heterostructures are expressed as potential catalysts with excellent photostability, efficient reusability, and highly active effectivity in different types of water. In particular, the removal efficiency of BPA by WO3/WS2 NRs reduces by only 1.5% after five recycling runs and even reaches 89.1% in contaminated lake water. This study provides promising insights for the nearly complete removal of BPA from wastewater or different water resources, which is advantageous to various applications in environmental remediation.

Sunlight assisted highly efficient photocatalytic remediation of organic pollutants by green biosynthesized ZnO@WO3 nanocomposite

The widespread use of toxic plastic additives in the plastics industry and dyes in various sectors has drawn scientific attention since their ability to leak from consumer goods raises environmental concerns. Plastic additives and dyes also have endocrine disruptor, genotoxic, and persistent properties that have been demonstrated. Herein, photodegradation of bisphenol A (BPA) and Auramine O (AO) in water was investigated. Herin, the structural design of ZnO doped WO3 nanocomposite has been synthesized via facile precipitation and green synthesis methodology. Sharp PXRD peaks ensured that the spherical nanocomposite had great crystallinity and purity. XPS analysis, PXRD, and FE-SEM confirmed the effective doping of ZnO with WO3. Subsequently, ZnO@WO3 nanocatalyst was evaluated for the effective elimination of BPA and AO at variable reaction parameters (pollutant: 5–25 mgL−1; catalyst: 5–25 mg; pH: 5–9, dark-sunlight-artificial bulb). At neutral pH and in sunlight, ZnO@WO3 demonstrated maximal degradation of 5 mgL−1 of BPA (91%) and AO (96%) at a catalytic dosage of 15 mg. The yellow color of AO decolorized within 3 h, confirming the effective removal of AO. First-order kinetics followed by initial Langmuir adsorption constituted the degradation process. The presence of different radical quenchers (t-BuOH, p-BZQ, Na2EDTA) concluded that hydroxyl radical plays a significant role in the degradation of toxic BPA and AO—formation of safer metabolites after degradation of BPA and AO confirmed by LC-MS analysis. The efficiency of green fabricated ZnO@WO3 was also investigated in actual wastewater samples to remove BPA and AO. Nanocomposite demonstrated remarkable sustainability and cost-effectiveness by remaining effective for up to eight cycles without experiencing any appreciable activity reduction. A potential and different photocatalyst for industrial applications, green synthesized ZnO@WO3 nanocomposite has good surface properties.

Molten-salt assisted synthesis of polymeric carbon nitride-based photocatalyst for enhanced photocatalytic activity under green light irradiation

The co-condensation of dicyandiamide and aminobenzonitrile (ABN) followed by post-calcination in NaCl-KCl molten salt can endow the Polymeric Carbon Nitride (PCN) with enhanced electron delocalization and defects (-CN and nitrogen defects), leading to extended optical absorption range and improved separation rate of photogenerated carriers. As a consequence, the active-optimized DCN-NaK-90ABN accounts for 76 times promotion than DCN in photodegradation of bisphenol A (BPA) under visible light. More importantly, the photocatalytic activity is demonstrated by the significantly enhanced degradation of BPA and H2 production under λ > 500 nm, which are much better than those of most previously reported PCN-based photocatalysts. Furthermore, the theoretical calculations certify the validity of proposed structure and explain the reactive mechanism combing with the experimental results. Our findings shed light on a new pathway for designing the efficient photocatalysts to capture the long wavelength solar power.

Photodegradation of Bisphenol a in Water via Round-the-Clock Visible Light Driven Dual Layer Hollow Fiber Membrane

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC) that can cause adverse effects on human health. The incorporation of materials as visible light photocatalysts and its energy storage capability allow for the photodegradation of BPA, especially in the absence of a light source. To date, there have been no significant studies regarding energy storage in membrane technology, with only a focus on the suspension form. Hence, this study was conducted to degrade the pollutant through a co-extrusion process using a mixture of copper (II) oxide and tungsten oxide as the photocatalyst and energy storage materials, respectively. Both materials were embedded into polyvinylidene (PVDF) membranes to produce a Cu2O/WO3/PVDF dual-layer hollow fiber (DLHF) membrane. The outer dope extrusion flow rate was set at 3 mL/min, 6 mL/min, and 9 mL/min with photocatalyst:polymer ratios of 0.3, 0.50, and 0.7 Cu2O/WO3/PVDF, respectively. The performance of the membranes for each ratio was evaluated using 2 ppm of BPA with visible light irradiation. The results showed that each membrane’s outer and inner layers featured finger-like void structures, while the intermediate part had a sponge-like structure. The membrane with the photocatalyst:polymer ratio of 0.5 was hydrophilic and had a high porosity of 54.97%, resulting in a high flow of 510 L/m2h. Under visible light irradiation, a 0.5 Cu2O/PVDF DLHF membrane with a 6-mL/min outer dope flow rate was able to remove 97.82% of 2-ppm BPA without copper leaching into the water sample. Under dark conditions, the DLHF sample showed the capability of energy storage performance and could drive certain degradation after lighting off up to 70.73% of 2-ppm BPA. The photocatalytic DLHF membrane with the ratio of 0.5 was the most optimal due to its potential morphology and ability to degrade a large amount of BPA. It is important to emphasize that usage of materials with the capability for energy storage can provide a significant contribution toward more practical membranes, so photodegradation can occur even in dark conditions.

Construction of Tri‐Functional HOFs Material for Efficient Selective Adsorption and Photodegradation of Bisphenol A and Hydrogen Production

AbstractThis study proposes the construction of porous nanomaterial (HOFs@Fe3+) which anchors non‐noble metal ions Fe3+ onto nanoscale rod‐like hydrogen‐bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) by electrostatic and coordination interactions. The high specific surface area and the abundance of hydrogen‐bond adsorption active sites in pore structure of HOFs@Fe3+ facilitate strong interactions with the double OH in bisphenol A (BPA), resulting in the highest saturation adsorption of BPA that has been reported so far (452 mg g‐1). In addition, the ordered conjugate stacking framework structure and hydrogen bond of HOFs@Fe3+ and the variable valence properties of Fe3+ create new pathways for efficient separation of photogenerated carriers. The results show that HOFs@Fe3+ can completely adsorb and photodegrade 50 ppm BPA within 20 min, owing to the abundant hydrogen bond that acts both as adsorption sites to accelerate the mass transfer process and as catalytic sites to ensure adsorption and photodegradation can be matched synergistically. Meanwhile, the efficiency of photocatalytic H2 production by HOFs@Fe3+ reaches 21.55 mmol g‐1 h‐1 with non‐noble metal Fe3+ as co‐catalyst. This tri‐functional material with high adsorption capacity, high photodegradation efficiency, and high photocatalytic H2 production activity can be successfully used to solve the long‐standing conflict between environment and energy.

Construction of 1D/0D CdS nanorods/Ti3C2 QDs Schottky heterojunctions for efficient photocatalysis

In this study, we present CdS nanorods/Ti3C2 QDs Schottky heterojunctions as highly efficient photocatalysts for excellent water splitting and photodegradation, where the Ti3C2 QDs as co-catalyst are firmly anchored on the surfaces of CdS nanorods by Polyethyleneimine (PEI). The enhanced hydrophilicity promotes the contact of the photocatalyst and water molecules owing to the introduction of PEI, accelerating the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Especially, the apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) can reach 32.1% and 26.2% at 450 and 500 nm, respectively, much higher than those of reported CdS-based photocatalysts. Additionally, the CdS nanorods/Ti3C2 QDs composite exhibits robust performance on the photodegradation of bisphenol A (BPA). The liquid chromatography-mass spectrometer (LC-MS) analysis demonstrates that BPA is oxidized to five byproducts firstly and then the rings are opened sequentially. Furthermore, femtosecond transient absorption (fs-TA) spectroscopy confirms that the formation of Schottky heterojunction between CdS nanorod and Ti3C2 QD, which promotes the migration and separation of photogenerated carriers, leading to the excellent photocatalytic activity. Our findings provide a rational design of heterogeneous photocatalyst with superior photocatalytic performance.

Photodegradation of bisphenol A by ZnS combined with H2O2: Evaluation of photocatalytic activity, reaction parameters, and DFT calculations

Bisphenol A (BFA) is a synthetic emergent contaminant with wide industrial applications and resistant to degradation by conventional treatment methods, which makes the use of heterogeneous photocatalysis a promising alternative. In this context, a theoretical and experimental study on the photodegradation of BFA was carried out under ultraviolet–visible (UV) radiation using a ZnS photocatalyst. The structural, optical, and morphological properties of the samples were investigated. The effect of the reactional parameters (catalyst dose, initial pH, and H2O2 concentration) on the photocatalyst efficiency was studied, and the concentrations of BFA were measured by UV/Vis spectroscopy. Adding an oxidizing agent (H2O2) to ZnS was crucial for achieving photodegradation of 97.2 % after 120 min of exposure to UV light. Based on the results of theoretical calculations, it was possible to evaluate how the pH changes the UV/Vis spectra, the frontier molecular orbitals, the molecular electrostatic potential of the protonated and deprotonated species of bisphenol A and thus evaluate that the neutral pH is the most suitable for the application of the photocatalytic process. The reactivity indices indicated that the BFA is reactive, exhibited a strong electron attraction and thus can react with the radical species formed. The most significant contributions to the electronic transitions are between the HOMO to the LUMOs, which elucidate the main electronic characteristics of the BFA for the photodegradation process. Considering to satisfactory photocatalytic activity and stability, ZnS combined with H2O2 has potential for photocatalytic applications.

Development of Bi2WO6 and Bi2O3 - ZnO heterostructure for enhanced photocatalytic mineralization of Bisphenol A.

Present study proposed the synthesis of mixed p-type and n-type nanocomposite heterostructures by co-precipitation method. The as-synthesized heterostructures were characterized through different characterization techniques. The as-synthesized Bi2WO6 and Bi2O3-ZnO heterostructures were tested as photocatalysts during the photodegradation of Bisphenol A (BPA). The Bi2O3-ZnO heterostructure nanocomposite was found to be a more effective photocatalyst than Bi2WO6. The effect of operating parameters including catalytic dose (0.02-0.15 gL-1), initial BPA concentration (5-20 mgL-1), temperature change (5-20 °C) and solution pH changes (4, 5, 7, and 8) were evaluated with Bi2O3-ZnO under UV-light irradiation by selecting a 300 W Xe lamp. More than 90% BPA was degraded with 0.15 gL-1 Bi2O3-ZnO, keeping 1.0 mM H2O2concentration fixed in 250 mL of reaction suspension. The HPLC and GC-MS were used to detect the reaction intermediates and final products. A plausible degradation pathway was proposed on the basis of the identification of reaction intermediates. Repeatability test analysis confirmed that the as-synthesized catalyst showed superb catalytic performance on its removal trend. The kinetics of degradation of BPA were well fitted by the power laws model. With the order of reaction being 0.6, 0.9, 1.2, and 1.3 for different operating parameters, i.e., catalyst dose, initial pH, temperature, and initial BPA concentration.

Photochemical behavior of constructed wetlands-derived dissolved organic matter and its effects on Bisphenol A photodegradation in secondary treated wastewater

Free water surface flow (FWS) constructed wetlands (CWs) have been broadly applied for polishing secondary treated effluents. Dissolved organic matter derived from FWS CWs (WDOM) plays key roles in contaminants transformations. Conversely, photodegradation could shape the quantity and quality of WDOM, thereby affecting its roles in the photolysis of organic micropollutants (OMPs). Nevertheless, whether and how solar irradiation-induced photodegradation modify the properties of WDOM, and the effects of WDOM on the photodegradation of OMPs remain unclear. This study elucidates the photochemical behavior of two WDOM isolated from field-scale FWS CWs for effluent polishing under simulated sunlight irradiation using spectroscopic tools and high-resolution mass spectra. Furthermore, the roles of WDOM in the photodegradation of Bisphenol A (BPA), as a representative endocrine-disrupting compound (EDC), were comprehensively investigated. Solar irradiation was demonstrated to lower the molecular weight and aromaticity of WDOM, as well as weaken its light absorption. Ultrahigh-resolution mass spectra further confirmed that aromatic and unsaturated structures were susceptible to solar irradiation-induced photodegradation reactions. Subsequently, less aromatic and more saturated structures eventually formed under sunlight irradiation, consistent with the result from spectroscopic characterization. The reactive species produced from WDOM significantly enhanced the photodegradation of BPA with the kobs noticeably increasing 4-fold compared with the kobs for direct photolysis. Additionally, 3WDOM* was identified as the dominant reactive species leading to the photolysis of BPA in the presence of WDOM. These findings improve understanding of the phototransformation behavior of WDOM under sunlight irradiation and the roles that WDOM plays in the photochemical fate of coexisting OMPs in CWs treatment systems.

Enhanced internal field of Bi4NbO8Cl ferroelectric photocatalyst to promote charge separation via constructing crystal plane-dependent BiOI dielectric layer

Spontaneous polarization induced by the unique crystal structure of ferroelectric semiconductor photocatalyst facilitates charge separation and injects new vitality into the improvement of the photocatalytic activity. However, due to the complexity of multi-electric field coupling, the actual efficiency of charge separation driven by the depolarization field is restricted by the shielding field, which is lower than theoretical expectations. Here, we take Bi4NbO8Cl as a model system and selectively construct a BiOI dielectric layer on its positive polarized surface through the adsorption-self-assembly method, aiming to reduce the attenuation of the shielding field to the depolarization field. The enhanced residual depolarization field (RDF) is quantitatively characterized by ferroelectric performance test. Moreover, the charge transfer path and final position are elaborated by photo-deposition experiments, while high-quality interface and calculated difference of the potential between Bi4NbO8Cl and BiOI is responsible for the formation of charge transfer channel. The enhanced RDF promotes the separation of charges, which causes that Bi4NbO8Cl/BiOI photo-degradation of bisphenol A (BPA) gives 7.35-fold greater efficiency than Bi4NbO8Cl. This scheme of weakening the shielding field by surface reconstruction engineering is promising to be extended to more ferroelectric photocatalyst systems.

Development of Free-Standing Titanium Dioxide Hollow Nanofibers Photocatalyst with Enhanced Recyclability.

Titanium dioxide hollow nanofibers (THN) are excellent photocatalysts for the photodegradation of Bisphenol A (BPA) due to their extensive surface area and good optical properties. A template synthesis technique is typically employed to produce titanium dioxide hollow nanofibers. This process, however, involves a calcination procedure at high temperatures that yields powder-form photocatalysts that require post-recovery treatment before recycling. Meanwhile, the immobilization of photocatalysts on/into a membrane has been reported to reduce the active surface area. Novel free-standing TiO2 hollow nanofibers were developed to overcome those shortcomings. The free-standing photocatalyst containing 0.75 g of THN (FS-THN-75) exhibited good adherence and connectivity between the nanofibers. The recyclability of FS-THN-75 outperformed the THN calcined at 600 °C (THN-600), which retained 80% of its original weight while maintaining excellent degradation performance. This study recommends the potential application of free-standing TiO2 hollow nanofibers as high potential novel photocatalysts for the treatment of BPA in wastewater.

Microwave solvothermal-assisted calcined synthesis of Bi2WxMo1−XO6 solid solution photocatalysts for degradation and detoxification of bisphenol A under simulated sunlight irradiation

• Bi 2 W 0.25 Mo 0.75 O 6 microspheres showed the best photocatalytic activity. • Removal efficiencies of BPA and TOC were 96.2% and 87.1% at 15 mg L −1 BPA. • Photo-hole, O 2 − and OH contributed to photocatalytic degradation of BPA. • Degradation pathways were proposed according to intermediates and active species. • Bioluminescence/QSAR analysis confirmed toxicity reduction during BPA degradation. A series of (x = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1) solid solution photocatalysts was designed and synthesized by the combination of microwave solvothermal method and post-treatment calcination. The physicochemical and optical properties of the as-prepared solid solution photocatalysts were characterized by various techniques. The photocatalytic activity was also evaluated through the photodegradation of bisphenol A (BPA) under simulated sunlight irradiation. Results showed that all photocatalysts were flower-like, and the Bi 2 W 0.25 Mo 0.75 O 6 microspheres showed the best photocatalytic activity. The removal efficiencies of BPA and total organic carbon were 96.2% and 87.1% at BPA concentration of 15 mg L −1 in 120 and 180 min, respectively. During the reaction process, O 2 − and h + played the dominant role, while OH also contributed to the BPA degradation. Twelve intermediate products were identified, and they were gradually mineralized to CO 2 and H 2 O. On the basis of the analysis of active species and intermediates determined, the main degradation pathways for BPA were proposed, namely, hydroxylation, alkylic-oxidation, dehydrogenation, and aromatic ring opening. The toxicity change during BPA degradation was also investigated by standardized bioluminescence assay of inhibition rate on luminescent bacterium Vibrio qinghaiensis sp . Q67 in combination with quantitative structure–activity relationship analysis. The inhibition effect of BPA and its intermediates to V. qinghaiensis sp . Q67 was gradually eliminated with the decomposition of BPA. In conclusion, the Bi 2 W 0.25 Mo 0.75 O 6 is an effective photocatalyst for degradation and toxicity reduction of BPA in aqueous solution.

Photodegradation of bisphenol A from aqueous solution over reduced graphene oxide supported on tetragonal silica-zirconia nanocatalysts: Optimization using RSM

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disruptor, and removing it from contaminated water is a major environmental concern. Herein, graphene derivatives such as graphene (G), graphene oxide (GO), and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) supported silica-zirconia (SZ) were successfully synthesized for photodegradation of BPA. The photodegradation of BPA was ordered as follows: rGO/SZ (88%)>GO/SZ (63%)>G/SZ (58%)>SZ (55%). This is because rGO has bigger regions for π-π stacking and less negatively charged carboxyl groups, which BPA has a higher adsorption affinity than GO. In addition, the highest degradation is predominantly due to the high number of carbon-support interactions and defects sites, including oxygen vacancy. This encouraged effective mobility of charge carriers and subsequently enhanced photoactivity. In this study, the rGO/SZ catalyst was chosen to optimize further the reaction parameters including catalyst dosage, pH and initial concentration of BPA. According to the analysis of variance, the catalyst dosage was the most important variable in the degradation of BPA, followed by pH and initial concentration. The optimum BPA degradation predicted from response surface methodology is 88% at conditions of 8.09 mg L−1 using 0.469 g L−1 of rGO/SZ at pH 6.1, which is reasonably close to the predicted value (89.8%). The rGO/SZ catalyst was found to be stable even after five cycles in the reusability testing.

Photodegradation of Bisphenol A and Triclosan using ZnCl2(6OMeQ)2 complex as photosensitizer under homogeneous conditions

The complexes derived from 6-methoxyquinoline ZnCl2(6OMeQ)2 have been shown to be effective as singlet molecular oxygen photosensitizers, which can be interesting for the removal of microcontaminants such as Bisphenol A (BPA) and Triclosan (TCS). Photodegradation with eosin Y (EOY) was also carried out as standard photosensitizer. Due to the physicochemical characteristics of these synthesized photosensitizers, the analysis was carried out in a homogeneous system in simulated effluents. An experimental design was made, based on previous studies and supporting literature. It was established that, at pH 5 and at 0.00104 mM EOY concentration, 20% removals were obtained in the case of BPA. Then, using the same photosensitizer with TCS it was possible to establish photodegradation up to 56% at the same pH but at a temperature of 50 °C, associating this result with the increase in temperature generated, and an increase in speed being reflected in the results obtained. Photodegradation using the coordinated compound, at pH 5.0, and 0.00119 mM photosensitizer concentration, a 26.7% of BPA photodegradation was obtained and, at 50 °C and pH 6, a 52.3% of TCS photodegradation was obtained. This photosensitizer is comparable for the removal this kind of the micropollutant. The experiments were made with UV/VISIBLE Lamps and monitored for HPLC, and some subproducts were analyzed for GC/MS.

The impact of alkaline earth oxides on Bi2O3 and their catalytic activities in photodegradation of Bisphenol A.

The BPA into wastewater has posed a threat to environment and human health. Hence, we aimed to eliminate BPA in a short time and with a rapid degradation rate from food wastewater. Herein, the effects of different alkaline-earth oxide doped with Bi2O3 nanoparticles on the photocatalytic degradation of bisphenol A were investigated. SrO-Bi2O3, CaO-Bi2O3, and MgO-Bi2O3 binary oxides were prepared by wet-impregnation method. The structural and optical features of catalysts were clarified BET, XRD, DRS, FT-IR, PL, and SEM techniques. The photocatalytic activities of catalysts were compared for different light sources. Considering that the characterization analysis and experimental results, the highly improved photocatalytic activity was mainly attributed to the effective structure of the SrO-Bi2O3 binary oxide and the strong alkali properties in the nanocomposite. Obviously, 5wt% SrO-Bi2O3 photocatalyst showed more excellent degradation performance and highest degradation reaction rate (0.21 mg l–1 min–1) within 30 min. It was observed that the photocatalytic activity improved by the additive of alkaline oxide on Bi2O3.

Crystal face-selective Bi4Ti3O12/BiOI heterojunction constructed for enhanced visible ligtht-driven photocatalytic activity

Spontaneous polarization of ferroelectric is used to promote the separation of photogenerated electrons and holes, showing tremendous potentials of solar-light driven photocatalytic. However, designing a system of efficient response to visible light, remains a fundamental challenge due to rapid recombination of electrons-holes and weak absorption in visible region. Here, we synthetized Bi4Ti3O12/BiOI heterojunction, which BiOI nanosheets selectively deposited on (110) facets of Bi4Ti3O12 by epitaxy growth. The synthetized heterojunction is characterized by phase structures, morphology, and surface chemical state. The results of ferroelectric phase curve illustrate that the construction of heterojunction enhances the ferroelectric properties, which is favorable to improve the separation and recombination processes of carriers. Furthermore, the sample Bi4Ti3O12/BiOI-3 reveals better photocatalytic kinetics in photodegradation of bisphenol A (BPA) under visible-light irradiation, which is about 74.16 and 1.83 times faster than that of pure Bi4Ti3O12 and BiOI. This work provides an effective and scalable strategy for designing a system of efficient response to visible light.

One-pot synthesis of magnetically separable Bi/Fe oxide-based composites for effective photocatalytic removal of BPA and RO16 dye under 35W Xe-lamp

One-pot synthesis of magnetic Bi/Fe oxide composites photocatalyst was accomplished via the sol–gel process followed by calcination at various temperatures (350–550 °C). The as-prepared nanoparticles were characterized by a variety of techniques. The result of magnetic measurement indicates the magnetic properties of photocatalysts. The observed strong absorption in the visible region will enable these composites to be potentially used as promising visible-driven photocatalyst. The photocatalytic efficiency of these composites was evaluated by monitoring the photodegradation of bisphenol A (BPA) and reactive orange 16 (RO16) dye under visible light illumination. The results revealed that Bi/Fe-450 is the best photocatalyst in this work from its ability to degrade BPA (15 ppm) up to 100% within 1 h (kapp = 0.0951 min−1) and RO16 (5 ppm) up to 98% within 3 h (kapp = 0.0184 min−1), respectively. The main reactive species responsible for the photocatalytic degradation of both BPA and RO16 were identified to be the hole (h+) species. In addition, the magnetic property of the as-prepared Bi/Fe oxide-based composite provides the ease of separation of the photocatalyst from the reaction mixture.