Phenomenon Of Synergism Research Articles

Study of agronomically valuable synergistic effects in binary cultures of soil streptomycetes

Co-culturing of microorganisms can be an effective way to control their enzymatic activity and synthesis of secondary metabolites based on the phenomenon of synergism. The effect of co-culturing in different combinations of four local Streptomyces isolates on their cellulase activity, antiphytopathogenic and phytoregulatory effects was evaluated. Strains S. antimycoticus 8Al3 and Streptomyces sp. H 27-25 exhibited an antagonistic effect against fungi of the genus Fusarium and Alternaria. Binary cultures were composed so that the cellulolytic and antagonist strains were present. Significantly higher cellulase activity in comparison with monoculture (3800 units/10 min/g) was demonstrated by the binary association of strains S. griseoaurantiacus Mb 4-2 + S. antimycoticus 8Al3 (13215 units/10 min/g). When these isolates were co-cultured, an increase in the antifungal activity of the binary culture (18.76±6.1 mm) compared to that of its constituent S. antimycoticus 8Al3 (11.09±6.39 mm) was also noted. The mean value of the growth inhibition zones of phytopathogenic fungi (18.76±6.1 mm) was comparable with that of the reference preparation, the commercial antimycotic terbinafine (19.8±6.2 mm). Binary artificial associations in tests for phytoregulatory action, as well as monocultures of their constituent streptomycete isolates, had no significant effect on germination and morphometry of wheat seedlings. The absence of phytoinhibitory effect of the binary culture S. griseoaurantiacus Mb 4-2 + S. antimycoticus 8Al3, combined with agronomically valuable properties such as cellulase activity and antagonism to phytopathogenic fungi give grounds for its use for the development of a soil-improving biopreparation. Further study of the properties of the binary association, in particular, the possibility of its combination with PGPR-bacteria (Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria), will constitute the subject of further research.

ECONOMIC AND LEGAL DOCUMENTS IN THE ACADEMIC SPHERE: CONTENT-RELATED, LINGUISTIC AND TRANSLATIONAL ASPECTS (ON THE MATERIAL OF ENGLISH, CHINESE AND UKRAINIAN)

The purpose of the article is to analyze English and Chinese texts of the authentic official documents regulating economic and legal relations in the academic sphere in the XXI century as well as their translated versions in Ukrainian. The object of the study is the process of Ukraine’s EU integration and cooperation with the P. R. C. in the academic sphere alongside their documentary support. The subject of the research is language and translation tools aimed at reproducing the content of the authentic official documents regulating cooperation terms and conditions between Ukraine, European Union, and China in the academic sphere from English and Chinese into Ukrainian. The results of the study are, on the one hand, specification of the concepts “academic activity”, “academic integration”, “rights and obligations of parties to academic activity”, “conditions for financing academic activities”, “synergism of the translatological paradigm”; on the other hand — identification of the synergism phenomenon within the translatological paradigm under focus. Conclusions: synergism of the translatological paradigm within the research material has been specified according to these indicators: 1) adequacy of reproducing terminology in the Ukrainian language; 2) adequacy of reproducing grammatical constructions; 3) preserving the text frame. The success of translation is correlated both with the linguistic awareness of the translator and with the awareness of the practical basis for concluding and implementing international agreements in the academic field, academic mobility programs. The perspectives of further research are seen in the study of interaction principles of linguistic and extralinguistic factors while dealing with synergism in the source and target texts.

Novel Schiff bases of Vanillin: potent inhibitors of macrophage harbored Leishmania tropica.

Due to limited chemotherapeutic options for leishmaniasis, novel synthetic compounds are gaining attention for evaluation against leishmaniasis. This study aimed to synthesize the compound's Schiff bases of Vanillin to investigate and evaluate their anti-leishmanial potentials against intracellular protozoan parasites Leishmania tropica. In the current study, the phenomena of synergism by designing Schiff bases with Vanillin enhances their desired importance. A total of five compounds Schiff bases of Vanillin were synthesized using different aromatic amines and Vanillin. The structural analysis of all the compounds was done through FT-IR (Fourier Transformer-Infrared), thin layer chromatography, and spectroscopic techniques such as 13C-NMR, mass spectrometry, and 1H-NMR. The antimicrobial properties of all the compounds ZI-1, ZI-2, BS-1, KH-1, and FA-2 against promastigotes and amastigotes forms of L. tropica were analyzed at three different concentrations 25, 50, and 100µg/ml. The in-vitro MTT assay was performed to calculate the percent inhibition, IC50 values, and their cytotoxicity. The highest percent inhibition values against promastigote form of L. tropica were BS-1 53.78% at 25µg/ml, ZI-2 66.95% at 50µg/ml, and again ZI-2 76.92% at 100µg/ml. Similarly, the highest percent inhibition values against intracellular amastigote stage were BS-1 55.77% at 25µg/ml, ZI-2 67.78% at 50µg/ml and again ZI-2 84.93% 100µg/ml. The highest potency was recorded for BS-1 in both stages, with IC50 values of 9.83 and 4.27µg/ml against promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes, respectively. The percent hemolysis as toxicity; the lowest percent hemolysis was recorded for ZI-1 at three different concentrations of 25, 50, 100µg/ml of 2.60, 3.50, and 6.31, respectively. These results suggested that all the compounds exhibited anti-leishmanial activity, with BS-1 as the most potent. Further studies are suggested to increase the activity of compounds with structural modifications by the addition of some other synergistic, novel, and analogue compounds.

Synergistic Effect of Capparis Spinosa Fruits Extract in Comparison with Ciprofloxacin Against Resistant E. Coli O157:H7

This study was conducted to evaluate the synergistic effect between Capparis Spinosa fruits methanolic extract and ciprofloxacin against resistant E. Coli O157:H7, in varying concentration. This experiment was carried out through the ultrasonic alcoholic extraction of C. Spinosa fruits, and an extraction ratio of 24% was obtained. The extract showed pronounced concentration dependent antibacterial activity. The susceptibility study revealed that E. Coli O157:H7 was sensitive to C. Spinosa fruits. The findings of the present study indicate that the use of pronounced C. Spinosa fruits extract may have the perfect to be choice in clinical control. The concentration of C. spinosa fruits extract increase the activity of inhibition, increase as well when used in combination with ciprofloxacin (half concentration from each other). In result appeared synergism effect between plant extract and ciprofloxacin and may make bacteria lost their resistance to antibiotics by this synergism phenomenon. The result of MIC (6400 µg/ ml), MBC (12800 µg/ ml) and for C. spinose fruits extract while ciprofloxacin MIC (12.5 µg/ ml) and MBC (25 µg/ ml). MICs of CIP/ C. spinosa fruits extract combinations against E. coli O157:H7 isolate was 1.562/ 1600 μg/ml. Value of minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the synergistic combinations (CIP/ C. spinosa fruits extract) was 3.124/ 3200 μg/ml. According to obtained results fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) value of (CIP/ C. spinosa fruits extract 1.562/ 1600 μg/ml) was (0.375) less than 0.5 indicates synergistic effect of interaction.

Metabolomic insight into the synergistic mechanism of action of a bacterial consortium in plant growth promotion

It has been established that a consortium consisting of compatible plant growth promoting rhizobacterial strains outperforms their individual impacts on plant attributes. While the phenomenon of synergism is extensively reported, the mechanism that underpins it is yet to be elucidated. In the present study the impact of three plant growth promoting bacteria, Azotobacter chroococcum (A), Priestia megaterium (formerly Bacillus megaterium) (B), and Pseudomonas sp. SK3 (P) was studied as a consortium on the growth attributes of pigeonpea. In addition, microbe-microbe interactions were investigated through metabolomic profiling to understand the mechanism of synergism. Plant growth experiments revealed that bacterial consortium A+ B+ P showed a significant increase in plant attributes such as shoot length, root length, fresh weight, and dry weight as compared to monocultures and two-membered consortia. Metabolomic profiling through high resolution liquid chromatograph mass spectrometer revealed the presence of a few bioactive compounds in the consortium that might play a potential role in the enhancement of biometric parameters of the plant. Several compounds, such as antipyrine, 6,6-dimethoxy-2,5,5-trimethyl-2-hexene, N-methyltryptamine, 2,2-dimethyl-3,4-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-7-ol acetate, N6-hydroxy-l-lysine, and l-furosin, were detected in the metabolome of the consortium, which was unique among all the treatments. The study also detected a few metabolites involved in sphingolipid biosynthesis (ketosphinganine and sphinganine) known for cell signaling in the consortium. This unravels the possible mechanism of synergism between bacterial strains in a consortium. The metabolomic profile would be helpful to strategically develop unique and more effective consortia that are tailored to the soil type.

The mass transfer of chemical elements and of their compounds in agrocenoses

The analysis of publications on the mass transfer of chemical elements in agrocenosis in the soil – plant system was carried out. Methods for estimating the content of mobile forms of chemical compounds coming from the soil into plants are considered. The phenomena of antagonism and synergism are characterized, and the necessity to consider them while planning fertilizer application is indicated. It is shown that the phenomena of synergism and antagonism of elements can be used in agriculture to regulate the flow of heavy metals or radionuclides into agricultural products. A balance model for mass transfer of chemical elements in agrocenosis is analyzed. It is shown that the introduction of organic fertilizers in soil mostly leads to a positive balance of microelements in the agrosystem. To characterize the efficiency of fertilizer use an assessment of the balance of nutrients in the agrosystem is required. The removal of trace elements by agricultural crops increases with the use of mineral fertilizers in doses that are optimal for the cultivation of crops in the region. In some cases, the input of heavy metals with technogenic fallout may exceed the removal of metals by plants from the soil. It may cause the accumulation of metals in the system. In uncontaminated background areas, the levels of microelement intake from fertilizers and atmospheric fallout in agrocenoses are comparable.

NOOSPHERIC LAW AS A PHENOMENON OF SYNERGISM OF MUNICIPAL AND INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC LAW

Interstate integration functions, which are inherent in both systems – municipal law (ML) and international public law (IPL), in the process of interaction of these systems in the information and legal space of the noosphere, cause a synergistic effect, which positively affects the qualitative content of this process noosphere law (NL).
 Interstate integration features of ML branches according to the constitutional law (KL) of IPL subjects, which are manifested on a global scale in relation to the IPL system, allow to qualify many branches of ML as part of national law (PNL) subjects of IPL subjects as a separate legal system IPL and PNL. Therefore, at present, it is possible to assert the existence of three types of law: on the basis of the IPL system, the PNL system and the IPL system, which, in turn, has dualistic properties as a global-regional legal system.
 Thus, the process of interaction of IPL and ML systems due to their interstate integration functions, and, according to the concept of teleology of this process, from the beginning is focused on the emergence, formation and future development of the NSL system. However, it is necessary to monitor this process, taking into account its convergent-divergent lability and the likely strengthening of dangerous trends against the background of excessive pressure of international legal sanctions on individual entities of IPL and ML. These trends point to the threat to the world civilization system by the irreversible autarky of the largest subjects of IPL.
 In the current conditions, it is important that the application of the "topological double-circuit shell-nuclear information-legal Model of the noosphere" in the study of the phenomenon of synergism of IPL and ML systems allows to obtain a reliable forecast at all stages of the NSL system.

Synergism and antagonism in plant acclimation to abiotic stress combinations

Acclimation of plants to their environment involves mechanisms at all molecular levels and only the complete temporal and spatial pattern adequately describes the acclimation state. The diversity of physiological states realized in plants increases by the essentially infinite combinations of abiotic and biotic stresses, considering duration, impact order, and strength. The interference between stressors involves phenomena of synergism, antagonism, and indifference. This review exemplarily sketches principles of interference considering posttranslational modifications, the formation of molecular assemblies in regulosomes, the regulation of gene expression, and the vast number of other posttranscriptional controls e.g., in RNA processing and recruitment to ribosomes. Small molecules such as hormones, reactive molecular species as ROS, ions, and metabolites are decisive players in this network. Available methodology for global analysis combined with machine learning approaches offers a perspective to identify the central regulatory modules, particularly if the multiple layers of molecular regulation are included in parallel, and to better understand the underlying mechanisms of stress interference in an unbiased manner.

Antiprotozoal Effect of Snake Venoms and Their Fractions: A Systematic Review.

Background: Protozoal infection is a lingering public health issue of great concern, despite efforts to produce drugs and vaccines against it. Recent breakthrough research has discovered alternative antiprotozoal agents encompassing the use of snake venoms and their components to cure these infections. This study collated the existing literature to examine the antiprotozoal effect of snake venoms and their fractions. Methods: We conducted a systematic review following the PRISMA guidelines. The PubMed and Embase databases were searched from their inception until 13 October 2021. Articles were screened at the title, abstract and full-text phases. Some additional studies were obtained through the manual search process. Results: We identified 331 studies via the electronic database and manual searches, of which 55 reporting the antiprotozoal effect of snake venoms and their components were included in the review. Around 38% of studies examined the effect of whole crude venoms, and a similar percentage evaluated the effect of a proportion of enzymatic phospholipase A2 (PLA2). In particular, this review reports around 36 PLA2 activities and 29 snake crude venom activities. We also report the notable phenomenon of synergism with PLA2 isoforms of Bothrops asper. Importantly, limited attention has been given so far to the antiprotozoal efficacies of metalloproteinase, serine protease and three-finger toxins, although these venom components have been identified as significant components of the dominant venom families. Conclusion: This study highlights the impact of snake venoms and their fractions on controlling protozoal infections and suggests the need to examine further the effectiveness of other venom components, such as metalloproteinase, serine protease and three-finger toxins. Future research questions in this field must be redirected toward synergism in snake venom components, based on pharmacological usage and in the context of toxicology. Ascertaining the effects of snake venoms and their components on other protozoal species that have not yet been studied is imperative.

The effect of essential oils and their combinations on bacteria from the surface of fresh vegetables.

During the study, we determined the antimicrobial activity of different selected essential oils (thyme, lemongrass, juniper, oregano, sage, fennel, rosemary, mint, rosehips, dill) on some pathogenic and spoilage bacteria isolated from the surface of various fresh vegetables. At the same time, in the case of some volatile oil combinations we followed the phenomena of synergism and antagonism. The identification of the isolated bacterial strains was made using 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis. The most resistant isolates appeared to be Curtobacterium herbarum, Achromobacter xylosoxidans, and Enterobacter ludwigii, while Pseudomonas hibiscicola was the most sensitive. Of the chosen plant essential oils, the most pronounced antimicrobial effect was detected in the case of oregano. The essential oils of thyme and mint also showed elevated antimicrobial activity. A synergistic effect was observed in case of five combinations of essential oil. Based on the results, we find that some individual essential oils and mixture compositions (due to synergic effect) could be good candidates for the preservation of fresh vegetables. These preliminary findings suggest that essential oils from locally grown spices could contribute to decreasing the health risk and also to the suppression of emergence of antibiotic resistance.

Antioxidant activity and synergism of canolol and α-tocopherol in rapeseed oil is affected by the presence of phospholipid association colloids

Interactions of canolol and α-tocopherol (α-T) with reverse micelles made from DOPC phospholipid (1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) in rapeseed oil were investigated in the current study. Furthermore, the antioxidant efficiency of canolol and α-T as well as the phenomenon of synergism between them in the oil containing association colloids has been determined. As demonstrated by fluorescence measurements, canolol may be incorporated into the structure of DOPC reverse micelles. This antioxidant may also accumulate in bulk oil at oil/water interface. In turn, no interactions of α-T with phospholipid association colloids were observed.The presence of DOPC association colloids affects antioxidant efficiency of canolol and α-T. Simultaneously, at the concentration 100 μmol of both substances, decreasing of their antioxidant activity effectiveness over time was observed. Formed during autoxidation amphiphilic compounds probably influence the structure of reverse micelles, modifying effectiveness of antioxidants. Antioxidant synergism of canolol and α-T occurs only in DOPC reverse micelles. Synergism phenomenon allows eliminating adverse effect of autoxidation products on the effectiveness of antioxidants. The presence of canolol may eliminate prooxidative action of α-T.

Биохимическое исследование листового салата, выращенного в условиях аквапоники

The article at the first time was explored the possibility of using the total antioxidant activity of leafy greens in the practicing the technology of growing it under aquaponics. This technology stands out among other because of high quality organically clean foods with significantly saving water resources, which is an important problem for installations with closed water supply. Food plants feed on bacteria - the waste products of fish, while the water returns to the pond in purified form. Comparison of drying at room temperature and at 105 °C (an indicator of thermal stability) showed increase the total antioxidant activity by 5.25% for the Mahagon salad and 7.18% for the Lollo Bionda salad compared to the calculated values found with taking into account the humidity of the samples. The phenomenon of synergism was fixes for samples dried at room temperature with increasing the total antioxidant activity of the Mahogany salad by 21.07% and 13.62% for the Lollo Bionda salad because of the oxidation of water extracts of salad samples by 3% medical hydrogen peroxide. For samples dried at 105 °C synergism phenomenon were fixed with increasing the activity of the Mahogany salad by 2.97%, while the activity value of the Lollo Bionda salad were not changed. More active growth was observed in salads planted in plastic containers with pebbles than on a mesh cloth, while the length of their leaves increased from 12 mm to 130 mm, the root system became more branched by the end of the experiment, the color of the leaves was bright green.

Factor temporary forecast of socially significant morbidity in Primorsky Krai

At present, the problem of climate change and its impact on human health has become one of the central issues in the fi eld of anthropoecology. The aim of this work was to analyze the infl uence of climatic factors on the socially signifi - cant pathology of the population in regions of Primorsky Krai. The main research method was “time factor forecasting”. The “factor” approach proposed by the authors is based on the idea of predicting not specifi c absolute indicators, but morbidity level that could be higher or equal to some critical value given by the researcher. This problem was solved by the original algorithm for interval pattern recognition. Based on this method, the results of temporary factor forecasting of the critical levels for 7 indicators of socially signifi cant morbidity using four climatic, four socio-economic and one environmental factor, are presented. It is shown climatic factors basically are satisfactory and have a high quality for the forecast, while the socioeconomic and ecological factors are mostly unsatisfactory. At the same time, climatic indicators in combination with environmental and socio-economic have yielded signifi cantly better forecasting results than each single factor. The quality of the forecast signifi cantly increases as a result of the combined impact of factors with different character, and climatic factors enhance the impact of certain environmental and socio-economic factors (the phenomenon of synergism). Thus, the proposed method allows predicting epidemiological situation for the following years based on a combination of various environmental factors.

Combined effect of epoxy functionalized graphene and organomontmorillonites on the morphology, rheological and thermal properties of poly (butylenes adipate-co-terephtalate) with or without a compatibilizer

In this work, clay polymer nanocomposites (CPN) with simultaneous dispersion of graphene and organomontmorillonites (OMt) in a poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) biodegradable matrix were prepared, using the melt-blending technique. Two different OMt were used non polar Cloisite15A and polar Cloisite30B with a composition of 3 mass% as well as epoxy functionalized graphene (EFG) with different compositions (1, 3, 5 mass%). The morphology and thermal properties of OMt/PBAT, EFG/PBAT and OMt-EFG/PBAT nanocomposites were studied. A compatibilizing agent (PBATgMA) was elaborated by grafting maleic anhydride on PBAT chains. The effect of incorporation of this compatibilizer on the different nanofillers dispersion in PBAT matrix was studied. The structure of the nanofillers/PBAT nanocomposites was examined using X-ray diffraction analysis and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The co-addition of EFG with OMt allowed a better dispersion of these nanofillers and more intercalated structures were obtained. The rheological results showed an increase of the storage modulus G′ in the different nanofillers/PBAT nanocomposites, particularly after the co-addition of OMt and EFG. The thermal properties evaluated by TGA were sensibly improved by the association of these nanofillers. From all these results, it can be speculated that a synergism phenomenon between graphene and OMt was produced in the PBAT matrix. However, this phenomenon was reduced after the addition of PBATgMA compatibilizer, probably because of repulsive interactions were produced between this compatibilizing agent and the epoxy functionalized graphene.

Study of the effect of residues of pharmaceuticals on the environment on the example of bioassay Microtox®

Residues of pharmaceuticals present in the aqueous environment can be found in a mixture of different substances wherein drugs not remain inert with respect to each other. In such mixtures, a phenomenon of synergism or antagonism may occur, which can contribute to increase or decrease the overall toxicity of the mixture of drugs. Pharmaceuticals, namely, diclofenac (sodium salt), oxyteracycline hydrochloride, fluoxetine hydrochloride, chloramphenicol, progesterone, estrone, androstendione, ketoprofen, and gemfibrozil, were mixed with each other at different ratios of EC50 (effective concentration) and tested using MICROTOX®. Attempt was also made to determine whether a pH change of the sample containing pharmaceuticals affects the total toxicity of the sample. The most toxic mixtures of selected pharmaceuticals proved to be those containing diclofenac and chloramphenicol, reaching up to 90 % of the toxicity against the test organism. Based on results obtained, it can be concluded that the change of pH has a significant effect on the toxicity of androstenedione, gemfibrozil, oxytetracycline hydrochloride, diclofenac, and progesterone.

Somatopsychic synergism as a variant of masked depression in children and adolescents

To analyze a variant of a combination of psychopathological (subdepressive) state with inflammatory diseases of non-specific infectious origin. The paper was based on the study of 45 patients, aged from 12 to 19 years, examined using psychopathological and follow-up methods. A detailed somatic examination was performed as well. Authors described a phenomenon of somatopsychic synergism as a variant of a combination of somatic pathology (adenoviral and coccus infections) with subclinical affective syndromes of cyclothymic and schizophrenic origin. This phenomenon is opposed to somatopsychic antagonism which is qualified as a specific form of masked subdepressive states predominantly of asthenic/dynamic structure.

Synergistic inhibition between 1-octadecanethiol and iodide ions on X60 pipeline steel for corrosion protection

The corrosion protection of carbon steel in 1 M HCl by 1-octadecanethiol (ODT) alone and in combination with iodide ions was investigated at ambient temperature using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic polarization techniques. Results obtained showed that ODT alone offered low corrosion protection ability at very low concentrations. However, on addition of iodide ions, the corrosion protection potential was enhanced due to synergistic effect. Potentiodynamic polarization data revealed that ODT acts as mixed-type inhibitor influencing both the cathodic hydrogen evolution and anodic metal dissolution reactions. Adsorption of ODT onto the carbon steel surface followed Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. The existence of synergism phenomenon between ODT and iodide ions was confirmed from synergism parameter, which was found to be greater than unity. Quantum chemical calculations provide greater insight into the mechanism of electron transfer and mechanistic aspects of ODT on steel surface.

Synergism of Organo-Mineral Deflocculators in Ceramic Slips

It is shown that complex organo-mineral deflocculators based on oxyphenol furfural oligomers affect the surface tension at a liquid-gas boundary as well as the contact angle and wetting energy of aluminum oxide, marble and quartz surfaces. The phenomenon of synergism accompanying the introduction of complex organo-mineral deflocculators with the optimal components ratios in ceramic slips containing aluminum-oxygen compounds is confirmed.

Synergic effects in catalytic systems Mo(VI) − hydroxyl-containing ligand – KClO3

The influence of some hydroxyl-containing ligands (L) on the catalytic current in the system molybdenum(VI) – potassium chlorate has been investigated. It has been shown that the phenomenon of synergism in studying catalytic currents is associated with the activating action of L. The activity of a mixture of L and an oxidant significantly exceeds the sum of effects for their separate influence. The growth of catalytic current is possible if the catalyst (a metal ion M) possesses free or labile seats in the coordination area for formation of intermediate active compounds of the catalyst with the oxidant. It has been shown that the increase of the catalytic current is associated with formation of the intermediate active complex [Mo(V) L ClO–3]. The scheme of reactions occurring in solution and on an electrode has been elaborated. Found values of the formation constant, energy, and entropy of intermediate active complexes prove the high activity of such systems, improving the voltammetric determination of the metal catalyst by more than one order.

Magnetic, oxidation and reduction behavior of spinel Ni–Cu manganite Ni x Cu 1-x Mn 2 O 4 powders

Abstract Nickel copper manganites, Ni x Cu 1-x Mn 2 O 4 (where 0 ≤ X ≤ 1), powders have been synthesized via co-precipitation method. The formed particles were obtained from the precipitate precursors annealed at 800 °C for 2 h. The prepared powders were tested for the catalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide (CO) into carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). The results indicated that the intermediate compositions displayed better catalytic activity than the end compositions for CO oxidation due to the phenomena of synergism. The composition of x = 0.3 and 0.5 showed rapid rise in CO conversion with temperature; about 40% conversion was achieved at 200 °C for the produced manganite sample of chemical composition Cu 0 . 7 Ni 0 . 3 Mn 2 O 4 . A correlation between magnetic properties and hydrogen reduction of manganites was demonstrated. Magnetic properties of reduced manganite were found to be duplicated. The saturation magnetization of reduced NiMn 2 O 4 into Ni/MnO was duplicated of order 15 times from initial value.