Phenomenological Research Method Research Articles

Experiences of Operating Room Nurses During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study

PurposeThe study was conducted to examine the experiences of operating room nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. DesignThis study was designed as a phenomenological qualitative research method. MethodsThis study was conducted with 10 volunteer operating room nurses who met the criteria for participation in the study between February 2021 and March 2021 in a public hospital. Data were collected using a personal information form and a semistructured interview from using the in-depth interview technique. Two researchers and one expert created the themes and codes using the thematic analysis method. FindingsAs a result of the analysis, four themes and 29 codes were identified. The following codes were created for the theme "Changing systems and practices in the operating room": Personal protective equipment and sterility, workload/time, lack of communication between patient and nurse, decrease in the number of cases, change in the use of emergencies and elective procedures, flexible working methods. On the theme of the impact of the pandemic, anxiety/anxiety, psychological distress, difficulty with personal protective equipment, lack of nurses, longing/distance from family, sleep disturbances, family problems, and difficulty working in another department were noted. On the theme of coping strategies for the pandemic, the codes found were; communication with family, breathing/sporting exercises, spirituality, regular/healthy diet, online shopping, watching TV series/movies, and acceptance of the process. On the theme of "learning from the pandemic," the codes of the importance of life/health, the importance of family, worthlessness of the caring profession, financial injustice, gaining work experience, the importance of personal protection, lack of union support, and job satisfaction were produced. ConclusionsThe study found that the nursing in the operating room has changed due to the COVID-19 pandemic, that nurses have experienced many positive/negative impacts, and that they have gained many benefits from the pandemic through various coping methods.

Social Connotation of Belief in Ghosts, Gods and Fairies in the Context of the New Era

Using the cloak of belief to illegally spread and collect money activities often appear, especially in the belief of ghosts, gods and fairies is particularly serious. Phenomenological research methods can effectively remove the enchantment of the belief itself, and enable the groups with related "beliefs" to invest their time and energy in activities that are truly beneficial to the society, and no longer be confused by the illusion of mystery and nihilism. This is the necessary meaning that folk belief forms can survive in the new era, and also conforms to the specific requirements of the development of The Times in the context of the new era.

LIVED EXPERIENCES OF NON-TLE TEACHERS TEACHING TLE SUBJECTS: A PHENOMENOLOGICAL INQUIRY

The research study focused on the lived experiences of non-TLE teachers teaching TLE subject, how they cope with their present situation, and the insights they can share with other teachers who will experience the same experiences they have. This study used the qualitative phenomenological method of research to explore in depth the experiences, coping strategies and personal insights which can be shared by the participants. The research study purposely identified 12 teachers for the focus group discussion who are all teaching in the 5 public national high schools in the Municipality of Kiblawan, Davao del Sur. The results show that the non-TLE teachers teaching TLE subjects struggled so much in their present teaching career considering that what they are teaching is not their field of specialization, they lack the knowledge and expertise to teach TLE subjects coupled with the lack of insufficient resources and TLE equipment to be used for the subjects being handled. As their coping strategies, the TLE teachers explored various teaching strategies and methods by using technology as a tool in their class discussion, demonstration of required skills and equipment needed for the subjects. They also asked for assistance from their colleagues and some teachers who are experts in TLE subjects and most importantly, they study more every day and be ready for the class. Being resourceful, continuing learning, manifesting courage and application of pedagogical alignment are among the insights shared by the non-TLE teachers teaching TLE subjects.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0458/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

Digital Communication Management Planning, Activities and Evaluation of Youtuber Suhardi Official in Improving Image

Media digitization occurs in various aspects of life, including creating a new job called Youtuber. The Covid 19 pandemic has felt its impact since the enactment of Large-Scale Social Restrictions since March 15, 2021. Until now, the Imposition of Restrictions on Community Activities has been in effect in Indonesia and this has forced us to carry out digital transformations in services and transactions as well as work, including adaptation to a new job called Youtuber. The purpose of this study was to determine the Digital Communication Management Planning, Activities, and Evaluation of Youtuber Suhardi Official in improving the image. The object of this research is Suhardi as a Youtuber with 53,200 Subscribers. Research Methods Using Phenomenological Research Methods Edmund Husserl. With the concept of intentionality, Husserl confirmed phenomenology as a scientific method that does not begin with doubt, but is directed at what is actually the truth of experience. Meanwhile, for data collection techniques using interviews, observation and documentation. Based on the Data Findings, Data Results and Discussions that the researchers have conveyed, it can be concluded that Youtuber Mr. Suhardi has carried out Digital Communication Management both from Planning, Activities and Evaluation in helping to improve his Image. From Planning, you have done Market Research first, then do Youtube content creation activities with keyword analysis, content planning, and content creation. Then the promotion of the Youtube Channel was carried out. After that, do the conversion with a follow-up action so that additional subscribers and viewers can occur.

Understanding the Experiences of Mothers with Academic Socialization in South Korea: A Phenomenological Approach.

We explored academic socialization experiences of nine mothers in South Korea. Academic socialization has been defined as parents' practices that transfer their educational expectations, values, and aspirations to their children (Hill, 2001). Adopting Giorgi's phenomenological research method (1997), we interviewed nine mothers who had recently prepared their children to get into college. The interviews were focused on the ways in which they intervened in the academic process when their children were in high school. The data analysis proceeded along the four steps suggested by Giorgi (1997). The analysis resulted in the 12 constituents, which are the themes underlying the essential structure of the academic socialization experiences. The findings showed that during the academic socialization process, all participating mothers set high academic standards for their children. The mothers actively engaged in supporting their children through shadow education (i.e., supplementary private education) to strengthen their academic competitiveness. Further, the mothers found themselves competing with other mothers regarding the academic achievement of their children. The mothers rather than their children took initiatives for decision makings of academic matters. Some of their practices were noticed to have compromised the autonomy of their children. The mothers appeared to fulfill their needs that prove their self-worth by raising their children to be competent. The significance and implications of these results were discussed.

Why I left and why I want to leave; A Phenomenological Perspective of Asian Employees Turnover

The current research was conducted to explore the possible causes of actual employee turnover and turnover intentions. Using Post positivism research philosophy, phenomenological qualitative research method was used to explore the phenomena. Semi-structured interviews of 21 bank employees (selected using purposive sampling) were conducted which were analyzed using NVivo 12. The research findings suggest many uniques themes in order to overcome the problem of employee turnover, especially for banks. The themes which were developed consisted of five significant themes such as the bank appraisals and reward system was identified as biased and based more on favoritism, employee feel that their actual performance is not evaluated properly and sincerely. The other factor concluded by the research findings is that the employees are dissatisfied with the salary and benefits, as they felt that there should a consistent effort to identify employee personal needs which should be customized accordingly in their compensation plans as well. The very essential factor recognized in the research finding was the upward and downward communication gaps with the employees. Such perceptions generated related issues as the employees felt that branches are much deprived to have a direct communication channel with the top team heads. The other very essential factor discovered after the investigation of the phenomena of turnover is lack of career growth. Lastly, another important cause of employee turnover was the transfers, which took place without the consent of the employee. Employees felt demotivated due to such transfers and changes in their work locations. Recommendations and future research directions have been at the end of the research

예비전문상담교사의 교육실습 경험에 관한 연구

The purpose of this study is to reveal the meaning of the teaching practice experience inundergraduate students majoring in counseling. The researcher conducted in-depth interviewswith six undergraduate students majoring in counseling who participated in teaching practice inBusan and Gyeongnam from July 19, 2022, to August 31, 2022, and analyzed the collected datausing Giorgi(1985)'s phenomenological research method. As a result of the analysis, 7components and 18 sub-components were derived. Seven main components are ‘experiencingexcitement, anticipation, tension, and anxiety ahead of the practice’, ‘preparing and workinghard for the practice’, ‘experiencing dissatisfaction with the content of teaching practice’, ‘gettingto know students' negative perceptions of counseling’, ‘becoming more accepting of students’,‘strengthening of career identity’. Based on the results of this study, the researcher madesuggestions for follow-up research and implications to consider in relation to the teachingpractice of professional school counselors.

Breastfeeding Success Experience of Primiparas

Purpose: This study aims to describe and identify in-depth the breastfeeding experience of primiparas for more than one year using a phenomenological research method and to raise the understanding of the primiparas’ subjective experiences during the breastfeeding process to contribute to the improving and maintaining maternal and child health.Methods: This research was a phenomenological and qualitative study conducted on 5 primiparas who continued breastfeeding for more than 12 months. Data was collected through individual in-depth interviews from November 1, 2021 to March 20, 2022, and it was analyzed through the sixth stage of phenomenological research analysis presented by Colaizzi.Results: The study consisted of 10 theme clusters and 26 themes from meaningful statements about the breastfeeding success experiences of primiparas for more than one year. The 10 theme collections were "Planning breastfeeding during pregnancy," "Commitment to breastfeeding through information and education," "Challenges faced during breastfeeding," "Continuous hard work," "Continued conflict over breastfeeding amid confusion," "Connects with experts who lead the way," "Establishes one's own standards and direction," "Peace after hard work," "Solid and firm confidence," and "Deep-rooted beliefs brestfeeding serve as reminders."Conclusion: It is expected that this study will help to understand the individual difficulties and problems experienced by primiparas during breastfeeding, the importance of breastfeeding education, the role of medical personnel in the early stage of childbirth, social and environmental support, and the importance of an active window for information exchange. By identifying these factors, this study can serve as basic data for nursing practice to promote successful breastfeeding.

전문상담교사 및 특수교사의 특수아상담에 대한 인식 분석

The purposes of this study was to examine the competency required for counseling for special children through the experiences and perceptions of school counselors and special education teachers on counseling for special children in the educational field. A structured interview was conducted with three teachers (two school counselors, one special education teacher) who had worked at a special school or non-special school for more than one year. An interview questionnaire was prepared and used for the experience and perception of counseling for special children by referring to previous studies. The data were analyzed based on key terms referring to the phenomenological and qualitative research method. As a result of the analysis, school counselors recognized counseling, As a result of the analysis, school counselors recognized counseling that could not use verbal intervention as ‘special child counseling’. Second, In the process of educating counselors, they did not take counseling for special children or experienced counseling practice at special schools. The competency required for counseling for special children was suggested as training focusing on understanding and practice of disability. Third, counseling for children with special needs is almost nonexistent, and counseling for special children by a school counselor working at a special school is being conducted for students who can communicate verbally. Finally, Through the results of this study, first, it was confirmed that a specialized curriculum should be opened and operated in counseling for special children in the process of educating schooll counselors, and it was necessary to discuss the scope of duties of counselors with special needs related to counseling.

Peranan Kriya Bambu Dalam Meningkatkan Ekonomi Keluarga Pasca Pandemi Covid-19

This research was motivated by the decline in the income of Bamboo Craftsmen in Kampung Cibiru (Kampung Egrang) Cicantayan Village, Cicantayan District, Sukabumi Regency, West Java during the pandemic so that it was affected by the economic conditions of their families. In this case, researchers want to see how the economic condition of bamboo craftsmen's families after the Covid-19 Pandemic is whether it continues to decline or increase better. Through, Bamboo Craft Art, the people of Egrang Cibiru Village, Cicantayan Village, earn income that can be used to meet their daily needs while preserving and maintaining the Bamboo ecosystem around their residences. This research uses the Phenomenological Qualitative Research Method, which emphasizes how the conditions of people's life experiences in utilizing bamboo in everyday life. The results of this study show that there is a role for bamboo crafts in improving the family economy after the Covid-19 pandemic in Kp.Ciburu, Cicantayan Village, Cicantayan District, Sukabumi Regency.

Internationalization Experiences of Universities in the United States and in Turkey

This paper provides an intercultural analysis of faculty internationalization experiences in selected universities in the United States (U.S.) and Turkey. We used the phenomenological research method to understand the conceptual framework for internationalization and analyzed the similarities and differences between higher education institutions in the two countries. The findings shall be beneficial for both country’s university stakeholders who are interested in gaining a better understanding of the internationalization in their respective institutions as well as the goals and outcomes of strategies currently being employed. This paper contributes an intercultural perspective to the body of literature on internationalization.

Main barriers and possible enablers of academicians while publishing.

This study aims to determine the cognitive, social, physical, and affective barriers that prevent academics from publishing and the enablers suggested to overcome these barriers. The study, using the phenomenological research method, involved semi-structured interviews conducted with 41 academicians differing in gender, branch, age, and experience. The deductive analysis of the obtained data showed that the academicians had cognitive difficulties especially in writing the IMRAD sections and writing in English. Their social barriers were found to include the difficulty of journal evaluation processes, the problems experienced in carrying out collaborative studies, and educational, administrative, and family responsibilities. The physical barriers included problems about time management, data collection process, and infrastructure. Lastly, the main affective barriers were not being in the right mood for writing, thinking that studies do not contribute to real life, fear of rejection, lack of self-confidence, and perfectionism. The academicians suggested various enablers, such as finding a good research topic, improving one’s English language skills, cooperating, and insisting on acceptance.

다문화 아동문학을 활용한 초등영어와 다문화의 통합 교육

Objectives This study is to examine the effects of multicultural pre-service teacher training for the integration of multicultural and English education. It aims to study how intensive teacher training affects teaching strategies utilizing multicultural children’s literature and teachers’ multicultural attitude. It also investigates positive and negative factors in applying what they have learned from teacher training to educational contexts. Methods Mixed methods of quantitative and qualitative research methods were adopted. Attitude toward ract/ethnic diversity, multicultural understanding and attitude, English reading and writing ability were analyzed by utilizing SPSS/PC+ 21.0, and teaching journals, work samples, and interview data were also examined through phenomenological research method. Results The findings of quantitative data analysis using t-test showed that multicultural education using children’s literature positively affected both teachers’ and students’ multicultural attitude. The differences were statistically significant. Through the teacher training, per-service teachers could understand how to utilize multicultural children’s literature using culturally responsive pedagogy and how to integrate English and multicultural education. In the teaching contexts, using multicultural picture books had positive impacts on understanding diverse cultures, and positively affected students’ English reading and writing ability. Engaging with multicultural picture books gave students the opportunities to actively participate in the lessons. On the other hand, there were cases where students won’t accept different perspectives about other cultures. Some pre-service teachers also pointed out that meeting with multicultural students in the real world would be integrated into the teacher education program. Conclusions This study addressed not only the positive impacts of teacher training on implementing English and multicultural education utilizing multicultural children’s literature, but also challenges in implementing multicultural education in educational contexts.

청소년의 메타버스 이용 경험에 대한 현상학적 연구

Objectives The purpose of this study was to explore and characterize the experience of youth using Metaverse. Methods In-depth interview was conducted with 7 teenagers who are attending middle and high school, located in A city, using Colaizzi's phenomenological research method. 7 teenagers have experience using Metaverse. Results As results, 3 essential themes, 6 sub-categories, 14 semantic units were found. Three essential themes were ‘double-edged network’, ‘a third school’, self reflection’. And six sub-categories were ‘unexpected displeasure’, ‘activities extension’, ‘knowledge acquisition’, ‘a free outpouring of emotion’, ‘awareness of mataverse unreality’, ‘self-regulation improvement’. Conclusions The discussion on online education whether to enable Metaverse to be used for the education of teenagers is as follows. First, raise awareness among teenagers that social norms similar as the ones of the real world also exist in the Metaverse. Second, provide opportunities for young people to experience various activities in the Metaverse. Third, provides youth with time and space to express their needs in addition to what the Metaverse has to offer.

The dyadic care experiences of elderly individuals with disabilities and caregivers in the home setting from the perspective of family resilience: A qualitative study.

BackgroundChina is one of the most rapidly aging countries in Asia, and nearly 90% of elderly individuals with disabilities choose to receive traditional, family-based, long-term care. A majority of family caregivers have insufficient care capacity and experience physical and emotional distress, which in turn affects the elderly.ObjectiveTo describe the dyadic care experiences of elderly individuals with disabilities and their caregivers from the perspective of family resilience.MethodsA phenomenological research method was used. Semi-structured, in-depth, face-to-face interviews with 9 dyads of elderly people with disabilities and their families were conducted from August 2020 to February 2021. The Colaizzi method was used to analyze, summarize, and refine the interview data.ResultsThe dyadic care experiences of elderly individuals with disabilities and their caregivers can be summarized in terms of two themes. Theme 1 is dyadic pressure, which includes the following subthemes: (1) substantial objective burden; (2) dual negative experiences, i.e., the perceived low value of elderly individuals and low positive gains by caregivers; and (3) dyadic emotional transmission. Theme 2 is dyadic cooperative coping, which includes the following subthemes: (1) adjustment of family beliefs, including by giving meaning to stress, maintaining a positive outlook toward the future and ensuring spiritual sustentation; (2) changes in family patterns, including flexible adjustment of family patterns and multichannel utilization of social resources; and (3) improvement of family communication, including effective information transmission, rational emotional expression and emotional connection, and cooperation to solve and prevent problems.ConclusionElderly individuals with disabilities and their family caregivers face multiple physical, psychological, and social difficulties and demands during daily care, in which context negative experiences exert influence on this dyad. They collaborate to exhibit family resilience via the adaptation and improvement of family beliefs, family patterns and family communication. The family as a unit expends a great deal of effort to adapt to conditions of stress in the context of caring and shows family resilience, which is closely related to the family's cultural background and community situation. Dyadic resilience-based interventions can be developed based on core elements found by this study.

청소년 교정시설에서의 관용체험은 청년의 삶에 어떠한 의미를 지니는가에 대한 현상학 연구

This is a study to explore what factors influence young people who have experienced tolerance in juvenile correctional facilities to adapt to society. Through this study, we try to understand them and suggest directions for improving the quality of life. A phenomenological research method was used as a research method to derive this purpose. Data collection was conducted through one-on-one in-depth interview by recruiting 5 study participants. In-depth interviews were conducted 1-2 times and 60 to 90 minutes, respectively. As a result of analyzing the data, three essential themes and 10 revealed topics were derived: 'absence of appropriate care', 'two-sidedness in the life of correctional facilities', and 'trying to live properly'. Based on these research results, first, followings are proposed: first, care at the social welfare level, second, compulsory counseling to students in all schools, third, introducing a tolerance program to calm anger, and fourth, proposing employment policies considering the future educational level for them. This study is meaningful in providing a suggestion that the quality of life can be improved in a reality where empirical research on juvenile crime is insufficient.

Physical and mental health problems of Chinese front-line healthcare workers before, during and after the COVID-19 rescue mission: a qualitative study

ObjectiveTo explore the physical and mental health problems of front-line healthcare workers fighting COVID-19 across the three phases of the epidemic rescue mission (before, during and after) in China.DesignA qualitative...

Improving Knowledge and Creativity of Students UPTD SD Negeri 13 Sosopan KKN 158 UINSU

Creativity is part of the characteristics of human courage that echoes who he is and what humans become in the future. In every act of creativity, individuals will feel a good relationship between themselves and others. This study aims to determine the development of creativity of students in UPTD SD Negeri 13 Sosopan. This research is a research with phenomenology research method because in this journal there is a lot of income and studying various disclosures of phenomena that occur and are experienced by many individuals so that it can produce various conscious life experiences. The results showed that KKN 158 student service activities took the initiative to help teaching activities at UPTD SD 13 Sosopan, Sosopan Village to increase students' knowledge and creativity. The conclusion obtained is that it is very important for us to develop creativity and knowledge for students. So that students can be more active in working with various kinds of knowledge they have.

서울대학교 대학원생의 대인관계 향상 집단 상담 프로그램 참여 경험에 관한 질적연구

The purpose of this study is to deeply explore the meaning and essence of graduate students’ experiences by participating in the interpersonal relationship improvement group counseling program through phenomenological research. To this end, we conducted in-depth interviews with 8 participants who participated in the interpersonal relationship improvement group counseling program among graduate students of Seoul National University about their experiences of participating in the group counseling program and analyzed the data. Giorgi’s phenomenological research method was applied and analyzed, and 5 core components and 14 sub-components were derived from 215 semantic units. As a result of the study, the five key components were 〈Before participating in group counseling: the need for interpersonal skills grows〉, 〈Experience after participation in group counseling: I was able to tell my story〉, and〈Changes after participating in group counseling: I gained interpersonal skills and skills〉. Through this study, Seoul National University graduate students’ experiences of participating in the interpersonal relationship improvement group counseling program and their meaning were in-depth investigated, and the counseling implications for change and growth were derived and described

코로나 팬데믹에 처한 학생들의 학교적응 목적의 무용동작 치료에 대한 교사 인식의 현상학적 연구

The purpose of this paper is to in-depth understanding and exploration of teachers' perceptions of movement therapy implemented for the purpose of school adaptation of students in the Corona pandemic. The study participants were male and female elementary school teachers in their 20s and 50s. Interviews and analysis were conducted according to Giorgi's phenomenological and qualitative research method to find out the essential meaning of the teachers' experiences of the movement therapy program for students' school adaptation in the Corona pandemic situation. As a result of the analysis, it was categorized into 17 semantic units, 7 subjects, and 3 essential characteristics. The essential characteristics were 'factors hindering school adaptation after the corona pandemic', 'dance movement therapy as a school adaptation problem and solution', and 'improvement of students' ability to adapt to school through dance and movement therapy'. Based on these research results, a discussion was conducted to understand the experiences of teachers who implemented a dance and movement therapy program for students to adapt to school in the context of the Corona pandemic.