Properties Of Phase Difference Research Articles

Studies on the statistical properties of phase difference of speckle fields

According to the relations between the phase and the complex speckle amplitude, a phase angle is constructed to estimate the free standard deviation of phase difference of speckle fields. The relative accurate amending expression of evaluating the free standard deviation of phase difference is derived for the Gaussian speckle fields. The statistical properties of phase difference are studied for the Gaussian speckle fields of diffraction fields. The theoretical values of the free standard deviation of phase difference for the case of fully developed speckle fields are compared with the numerical values of the free standard deviation which are calculated from the Gaussian theory of the fully developed speckle fields.

Theoretical study on the statistical properties of phase difference between two interfering speckle fields

The statistical properties of phase difference between two interfering speckle fields are studied theoretically with the general expression of the free standard deviation of the phase difference of speckle fields. The experimental results of the standard deviations of phase difference between two interfering partially developed speckle fields in the diffractive region [Opt. Quantum Electron. 19 (1987) 59] are studied and discussed theoretically with the general expression of the free standard deviation of phase difference of speckle fields. The theoretical standard deviations of phase difference for the case of two interfering fully developed Gaussian speckle fields are compared with that which are numerically calculated from the Gaussian theory.

The q-phase-difference operator and two-mode q-coherent states

In this paper, we introduce unitary and Hermitian phase-difference operators for the two modes of the electromagnetic field in the q-deformed case. The q-creation and annihilation operators of phase-difference quanta are given, and the algebraic properties of some operators in phase space are discussed. The phase-difference properties of two-mode q-coherent states are investigated.

The Phase-Difference Properties of Two-Mode Coherent States

In this letter, we have constructed the creation and annihilation operators of phase-difference quanta and some of other operators in phase space. The algebraic properties of these operators and the phase-difference properties of two-mode coherent states are discussed.

Statistical properties of phase difference for partially developed speckle fields in the diffraction region

According to the movement of an equiprobability density ellipse in the complex plane of the speckle amplitude, a phase angle is obtained to theoretically evaluate the so-called free statistical properties of the phase difference for partially developed Gaussian speckle fields. The statistical properties of the phase difference between two points in the partially developed speckle fields have been investigated in the diffraction region. The theoretical results have been discussed with respect to Kadono's experimental results (Opt. Quantum Electron. 19 (1987) 59). The validity of this theory has been discussed.

Conditional statistical properties of phase difference for partially developed speckle fields in the far-field diffraction region

We point out that the representative of the phase extent based on the conditional equiprobability density ellipse [Q. Wang, J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 8 (1991) 105] can also be used to estimate the conditional standard deviation of the phase difference between two points in the partially developed speckle fields in the far-field. The conditional probability density function of the phase difference is obtained. The phase extent based on the conditional equiprobability density ellipse is compared with the conditional standard deviation of the phase difference which is numerically evaluated from the conditional probability density function. The validity of this method is discussed.

Self-propulsion of general deformable shapes in a perfect fluid

We consider the hydrodynamical problem of a general three-dimensional smooth deformable body moving in a perfect fluid, which undergoes arbitrary continuous temporal variations in its shape. Special attention is payed to the phenomena of selfpropulsion (translation and rotation) of such a shape and reference is made to the dynamics of non-spherical deformable bubbles, cavities and drops. Some distinctive cases, in which the method can be applied to impulsively started highly-vibrating rigid surfaces, are also presented. The Lagally theorem for deformable surfaces, is applied to determine the induced velocity of self-propulsion. The general deformation is assumed to consist of a large scale volume-mode and superposed small scale shapemodes. The time-averaging procedure is introduced and the effect of persistent self-propulsion is shown to be generated as a result of nonlinear interactions between these modes, which must preserve certain skew-symmetric and phase-difference properties. It is proven that, as a result of perfect symmetry, a spherical shape is a degenerate and an inefficient self-propulsor. The results are demonstrated for prolate (oblate) spheroidal shapes and simplified expressions are obtained as limiting cases for spherical, rod-like (slender) and circular disc shapes.

A Three-Port Network with Constant Phase Difference Properties (Correspondence)

The 90/spl deg/ hybrid and the 180/spl deg/ TEM magic tee can, at least theoretically, be made to work over bandwidths of 10 to 1, and more. The device described is not limited to 90/spl deg/ or 180/spl deg/. It provides a phase shift between its outputs that is not only constant with frequency, but also capable of being set at any value. In addition, the ratio of the powers delivered to the outputs may be set as desired.