Pertinent Flow Parameters Research Articles

Lie symmetry neural networking for heat transfer in magnetized williamson fluid (MWF) with heat source (HS) and thermal slip (TS)

In the analysis, design, and optimization of a wide range of engineering applications involving stretching surfaces and fluid flow, the skin friction coefficient (SFC) at a stretching surface with heat transfer is an important parameter that reflects the fluid dynamics, heat transfer characteristics, and surface interactions. Owing such importance, the purpose of present article is offer artificial neural networking remedy for evaluation of SFC for Williamson flow field with thermal slip and heat source effects. The Williamson fluid flow is realized by considering surface stretching with an externally supplied magnetic field. The energy equation is used to address the heat transmission. The constructed differential system for flow field is solved by conjecturing artificial neural networking with Lie symmetry and shooting methods. Artificial Neural Networking (ANN) model is developed to predict the surface quantity namely SFC at thermally magnetized surface. The major findings includes the variation in SFC for pertinent flow parameters and we found that in the presence of heat transfer aspects, the SFC admits declining nature towards Weissenberg number while opposite is the case for magnetic field parameter.

Scrutiny of pseudoplastic nanofluid flow under the influence of magnetic hydrodynamics with chemical reaction across the cylinder with slip boundary condition

Buoyantly induced flows possess diversified utilizations in numerous engineering processes for instance, reactor cooling through passive strategy, LED lights, pipes manufacturing, ship funnel and many more. Galvanized sheets sticked to form a hollow cylinder is used for fast cooling in naval ship and chimney of steam power plant. In view of such mesmerizing significance of flow and thermal attributes of fluid over vertical cylinder, current effort is articulated. For this purpose, Williamson fluid model is accounted and nanoparticles are also induced to envision advanced thermal features in the flow over vertically oriented cylinder. Physical effectiveness of magnetic field implications and chemical reactive species are entertained to notice change in hydrothermal and mass fields. Slip boundary constraint along with stagnant flow at the surface of cylinder is considered to inspect behavior in free stream region. The fundamental governing equations of problem are attained in the sense of PDEs by utilizing the concept of boundary layer approximation and converted into coupled nonlinear ODEs by substituting specific similar variables. Numerically the resulting ODEs are resolved by making the use of bvp4c built in MATLAB routine, the outcomes are attained and arranged in graphical and tabular manner. The influence of pertinent flow parameters such as (0.1 ≤ We ≤ 1.0), (1.0 ≤ M ≤ 3.0), (1.0 ≤ Pr ≤ 11), thermophoresis parameter (0.5 ≤ Tp ≤ 4.5), (1.0 ≤ Bp ≤ 5.0), (0.05 ≤ Nr ≤ 0.7), and (0.5 ≤ Kc ≤ 5.0) are examined on the momentum, thermal and concentration distributions. It is manifested that the velocity distribution depreciates by uplifting magnetic field strength. Increment in magnitude of wall drag and convective heat transfer is perceived by enhancing Prandtl number. It is inferred that friction coefficient in absolute sense and heat flux coefficient tends to exceed against elevation in (We). From comprehensive analysis, declination in velocity and thermal field is depicted versus Reynold number whereas, contrary aspects are visualized in concentration. Enhancement in the value of surface drag and thermal flux is revealed versus (Re).

Magneto-Micropolar Nanofluid Flow Over a Convectively Heated Sheet with Nonlinear Radiation, Chemical Reaction, and Viscous Dissipation

A mathematical model is presented for analyzing the flow of magneto-micropolar nanofluid above a convectively heated permeable stretching sheet with nonlinear radiation, chemical reaction, and viscous dissipation. Similarity transformation is utilized to change the governing partial differential equations to the system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The resulting system of ODEs is sorted out mathematically by utilizing the shooting method with the Adams-Moulton method of fourth order, and the obtained mathematical outcomes are compared with published results. The obtained numerical results reflect very good agreement with those from open literature. Numerical values of physical quantities like skin friction coefficient, Sherwood number, and Nusselt number for emerging parameters such as Pr , Nb , Nt , Le , etc. are also computed and discussed in this work. The impact of pertinent flow parameters on nondimensional velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles is illustrated via tables and graphs.

Consequences of Thermal Diffusion and Chemical Reaction on Mixed Convection MHD Casson Fluid through Porous Media with Inclined Plates

In this present article, we analyzed the effects of Thermal diffusion and chemical reaction on nonlinear mixed convection MHD flow of viscous, incompressible and electrically conducting fluid past an inclined porous channel under the influence of thermal radiation and chemical reaction. The transformed conservation equations are solved analytically subject to physically appropriate boundary conditions by using two term perturbation technique. The numerical values of fluid velocity, fluid temperature and species concentration are displayed graphically whereas those of skin friction coefficient, rate of heat transfer and rate of mass transfer at the plate are presented in tabular form for various values of pertinent flow parameters. It is observed that the velocity is decreased with increasing magnetic field parameter. The resultant velocity and concentration has enhances with increasing thermal diffusion parameters. The study is relevant to chemical materials processing applications.

A fractional model of magnetohydrodynamics Oldroyd-B fluid with couple stresses, heat and mass transfer: A comparison among Non-Newtonian fluid models

The present article aims to extend some of the already existing fluid models to a large class of fluids namely, “Oldroyd-B couple stress fluid (OBCSF)”. The main focus of the present work is to combine the existing fluid models in ordered to get a new class of fluid. The unsteady magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) Oldroyd-B fluid (OBF) with couple stresses, porosity, heat and mass transfer is considered in the present analysis. The Oldroyd-B couple stress fluid is assumed to flow in channel. The classical model is fractionalized by considering Atangana-Baleanu (AB) operator in ordered to highlight the memory analysis. To develop closed form solutions the combined (Laplace + Fourier) integrals have been used. The results obtained are portrayed through graphs for all pertinent flow parameters which involved in the present dynamic model. Moreover, the impact of AB time fractional parameter is investigated graphically on flow, temperature and concentration distributions exploiting MATHCAD software. Secondly, for better understanding the present solutions of Oldroyd-B couple stress fluid (OBCSF) are reduced to Odroyd-B fluid (OBF) without couple stresses, Maxwell solutions, Couple stress solutions and Newtonian viscous fluid solutions and the results have been compared for classical and fractional order derivatives. In addition to this a limiting case is carried out by our solutions to already published work which verify our solutions. In addition to this during the analysis we noticed that the flow heat and concentrated get lowered for the escalating numerical values of AB fractional derivatives. Similarly, it is also noticed that the velocity in channel accelerated with the increment of numeric values of pressure, porosity, thermal buoyancy and relaxation time parameter. In the same manner temperature and concertation profiles gets low with the higher values of Prandtl number, Reynold number and fractional operator. Finally, skin friction for momentum equation, Nusselt number for temperature and Sherwood number for concentration have been calculated and given in tabular forms.

Hall current, radiation absorption, and diffusion thermoeffects on unsteady MHD rotating chemically reactive second‐grade fluid flow past a porous inclined plate in the presence of an aligned magnetic field, thermal radiation, and chemical reaction

AbstractIn this paper, we analyze the effects of Hall current, radiation absorption and diffusion thermo on unsteady magnetohydromagnetic free convection flow of a viscous incompressible electrically conducting and chemically reacting second‐grade fluid past an inclined porous plates in the presence of an aligned magnetic field, thermal radiation, and chemical reaction. An exact analytical solution of the governing equations for fluid velocity, fluid temperature, and species concentration subject to appropriate initial and boundary conditions is obtained using the perturbation technique. Expressions for shear stress, rate of heat transfer, and rate of mass transfer at the plate are derived. The numerical values of primary and secondary fluid velocities, fluid temperature and species concentration are displayed graphically, whereas those of shear stress and rate of mass transfer at the plate are presented in tabular form for various values of pertinent flow parameters. In addition, the skin friction on the boundary, the heat flux expressed in terms of the Nusselt number, and the rate of mass transfer described in the Sherwood number are all derived, and their behavior is studied computationally. It can be deduced that an increase in radiation absorption and hall current parameters over the fluid region increases the velocity produced. The resulting velocity continually increases to a very high level, with contributions coming from thermal and solutal buoyancy forces. Skin friction may decrease by manipulating the rotation parameter, but the Hall effect can worsen it. When the parameter for the chemical reaction increases, there is a concomitant rise in the mass transfer rate.

Numerical examination of wall properties for the magnetohydrodynamics stagnation point flow of micro-rotating fluid subject to weak concentration

In this investigation, stagnation point flow of non-Newtonian fluid is considered under the impact of magnetohydrodynamics, porous medium, and mixed convection effects. Additionally, angular momentum and energy transport constitutive equations are also taken into account in order to explore the fluid micro-rotational effects. The fluid motion develops by virtue of linear stretching and slip factors. Furthermore, the energy transport equation is raised with the effect of viscous dissipation and heat source phenomena. Mathematical formulations lead to a set of ordinary differential equations by introducing similarity variables. The proposed model has been solved numerically using fourth-order Runge–Kutta method with shooting technique. Influence of pertinent flow parameters for the case of weak concentration of micro-elements on velocity, temperature, skin friction, and local heat flux at the surface is computed and discussed. Different ranges are chosen for the flow parameters, for example; magnetic field variation is taken [0, 0.9], micro-rotation [0,1], stretching ratio [0,0.2], surface condition [0,1], the Prandtl number [3, 12], and the Eckert number [3, 11]. The fluid velocity slows down when the magnetic number varies from 0.0 to 0.5 in the presence of weak concentration (m = 0.5) of micro-elements. In addition, the maximum increasing percentage of skin friction is obtained when the porosity parameter varies from 0.0 to 0.6. The maximum decreasing percentage of the Nusselt number is obtained when the thermal slip parameter varies from 0.0 to 0.8. The current study has multiple fascinating applications in polymeric solutions, bio-medical functions like magnetic drug targeting, heat conduction in tissues, surface roughness, and squeeze film lubrication problems between conical bearings.

Analysis of Cattaneo–Christov heat flux and thermal radiation on Darcy–Forchheimer flow of Reiner–Philippoff fluid

The non-Newtonian liquid scheme is created to address the limitations of the classical (Newtonian) scheme in terms of accurately reflecting real-world fluid flow behavior in industrial applications and improving operational efficiency. The Reiner–Philippoff model, one of the many extant models, modeling non-Newtonian fluids, is of concern because it only captures a few features in some circumstances. Thus, this study aims to investigate the theoretical aspects of Cattaneo–Christov for heat diffusion fusion of Reiner–Philippoff liquid stream in the presence of Darcy–Forchheimer media. Furthermore, the procedure of heat transport is taken out in the occurrence of nonlinear heat radiative, viscous dissipation and Ohmic heating. The partial derivatives of nonlinear differential equations are changed into similarity equations of a certain form by using appropriate similarity transformations. Furthermore, the Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg method with shooting approach is utilized to solve the dimensionless model. The influence of pertinent fluid flow parameters is illustrated graphically. The further engineering curiosity of a local Nusselt number is illustrated and analyzed. It is found that velocity curve is boosted with the augmenting scales of Reiner–Philippoff liquid parameter and Forchheimer number. Further, it is analyzed that increasing the thermal relaxation parameter and Eckert number reduces the heat transport rate at the surface.

Dual solutions of radiative Ag-MoS_2/water hybrid nanofluid flow with variable viscosity and variable thermal conductivity along an exponentially shrinking permeable Riga surface: Stability and entropy generation analysis

ABSTRACT In this analysis, the Silver-Molybdenum disulfide ()/water hybrid nanofluid flow past a permeable exponentially shrinking Riga surface with thermal radiant energy is considered. The novelty of this work is to find out the effects of variable viscosity, variable thermal conductivity with hybrid nanofluid’s slip velocity, and convective thermal boundary conditions over a shrinking Riga surface on velocity, temperature, skin-friction coefficient, Nusselt number, and entropy generation. The MATLAB programming platform with a fourth-order method to solve boundary value problem (bvp4c) was employed to get a good account of all pertinent flow parameters before solving the controlling partial differential equations numerically. Here of Silver () and of Molybdenum disulfide () nanoparticles in the hybrid model are considered in the base fluid water. The basic achievement of this analysis is to explore the Nusselt number, skin friction coefficient along with entropy formation, and Bejan number. The irreversibility factor is calculated using the thermodynamics second law. The findings also point to the presence of dual-nature solutions in the shrinking sheet region for a given value of a high mass suction parameter, with a stable upper solution branch and unstable lower solution branch. Two solutions are found for the limited range of shrinking parameter when and the solutions terminate at in the shrinking region. Additionally, the first solution generates a positive minimum eigenvalue (), whereas the second solution generates a negative eigenvalue (), indicating the solution’s stability. Nusselt number is enhanced for variable viscosity parameter but diminished by variable thermal conductivity parameter for the stable solution. The entropy generation and the Bejan number both increase significantly with the increment of the thermal radiant-energy parameter, Biot number, and Eckert number. These results are crucial in the long term because they allow us to optimize heat transmission for cooling and heating applications. Hence, this investigation is incredibly significant in the present era, particularly in the automotive industry, home industry, paper plastics, ceramics, food packaging, food colorants, cancer treatment, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, fabrics, paints, and soaps as well.

Modified Buongiorno's model for the analysis of chemically reacting jet flow of ternary hybrid nanofluid under the influence of activation energy and bio‐active mixers

AbstractIn the modern era, the heat transfer is the basic need in every field of sciences and engineering. To augment the energy transfer, the ternary hybrid nanofluid (Thnf) has been used. After the successful nanofluid working performance, the researchers used this idea in many physical situations. Later on, the researchers tried to further improve the performance of nanofluid with high stability. Motivated from the unique practical applications of hybrid nanofluid, in the present analysis, we have considered ternary nanoliquid, which is obtained by the suspension of three nano particulates in base fluids. The aim of the present research is to highlight the thermal applications of ternary nanofluid in the vertical stretching wall jet flow. The suspension of three different nano solid particles is considered in a base liquid water a jet flow over a vertical extending sheet is addressed. In addition to this, the presence of chemical reaction in the concentration, thermophoresis effect in the energy equation and heat source is also addressed. To model the present phenomena of flow using the modified Buongiorno's model, that highlights the impact of Brownian motion and thermophoresis effect. The present flow problem is modelled in terms of PDE's. To transform the obtained model, we use appropriate similarity variables. The transform model is then solved numerically, using the fast convergence numerical PCM approach (parametric continuation method). The solution obtained is shown through graphical representation by indicating the impact of pertinent flow parameters. Finally, from the present results, we obtained that the performance of Thnf is effective in water as compared to hybrid nanoliquid and mono nanofluid. Furthermore, the motile gyrotactic microbes profile gets lower with the varying values of bioconvection Lewis number and Peclet number.

Numerical simulation and regression analysis of MHD dissipative and radiative flow of a Casson nanofluid with Hall effects

The magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow of Casson nanofluid has several applications in engineering and medical processes. The present research work is performed to examine the unsteady viscous dissipative and radiative flow of a Casson nanofluid over a stretching sheet under the influence of a transverse magnetic field with a view to highlight the impact of Hall current. The mathematical model comprising of nonlinear coupled PDE is transformed into a set of coupled ODEs using appropriate similarity transformation. The reduced mathematical model in a similar form is then solved by adopting the successive linearization method (SLM). The residual analysis is used to validate the solutions. A parametric study is performed to inquire about the impacts of Hall current, nonlinear thermal radiation, viscous dissipation, and other pertinent flow parameters such as temperature ratio, Brownian movement, thermophoresis on the nanofluid velocities, temperature, and concentration. The effects of pertinent flow parameters are also examined on the skin-friction coefficients, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number. A quadratic regression analysis is presented to estimate the skin-friction coefficient and Nusselt number for different values of effecting parameters. Results reveal that the increasing values of Casson parameter decrease the fluid velocity and temperature, whereas a converse trend is detected in concentration profile, rate of heat transfer and mass transfer.

Simulating and interpretation of MHD peristaltic transport of dissipated Eyring–Powell nanofluid flow through vertical divergent/nondivergent channel

The primary goal of this study is to present a novel suggestion to uncover the characteristic features of the peristaltic flow of Eyring–Powell nanofluid through divergent and nondivergent channels. Several strategies are used to enhance the heat transfer capacity. Heat transport can be improved by increasing the thermal conductivity of the materials using nanoparticles. The implementation of a low Reynolds number and large wavelength hypothesis brings to reduce the system’s complexity. The resulting nonlinear coupled differential equation system is solved numerically by utilizing Mathematica symbolical software (ND-Solve). Various configurations of the outer boundaries are considered, namely, square wave, multi-sinusoidal wave, trapezoidal wave, and triangular wave. Under the effect of pertinent flow parameters, graphical illustrations of axial velocity, thermal, and concentration profiles have been portrayed. In tabular form, numerical outcomes for the rate of heat as well as mass transfers are displayed. One of the most significant phenomena concerning peristaltic motion, known as the trapping phenomenon, has also been spotlighted using contour plots and circulating bolus. The major outcomes revealed that the square wave shape gives higher pressure gradients near the inlet and outlet parts while the multi-sinusoidal wave gives periodic behaviors of It is noteworthy that Eyring–Powell fluid characteristics display a tendency to diminish the thermal resistance and axial velocity near the walls for divergent channels while an enhancement in velocity is observed at the region as Eyring–Powell fluid parameter is altered. Further, for various kinds of divergent channels, the rate of heat transmission is enhanced due to an augmentation in Eyring–Powell fluid characteristics. Also, the present study uncovers that the parameters of the magnetic field and the Eyring–Powell fluid materials have a significant influence on the trapping phenomenon for both types of channels.

Rotation, electromagnetic field, and variable thermal conductivity effects on free convection flow past an eternity vertical porous plate

AbstractThe present research may facilitate the reduction of the number of conversion steps required to include the low output voltages in an electrokinetic biomass process. Variable thermal conductivity and electroosmosis flow have already established great potential in the thermo‐elastic models of various manufacturing industries and have been widely used in energy technologies. As a result, the current framework investigates the characteristics of natural convection flow with the influence of variable thermal conductivity and electroosmosis over an eternity vertical porous plate. Coriolis forces and Hall current effects are considered in the momentum equations, and also thermal radiation and variable thermal conductivity are taken as energy equations. A linear chemical reaction parameter is used in the concentration equation. The equation of Poisson–Boltzmann is exploited to depict the electric potential characteristics within the accelerated plate medium. The pdepe command in Matlab software is used to figure out the numerical solutions to equations about momentum, energy, and concentration. The expressions of fluid transverse velocity, fluid axial velocity, fluid temperature, and concentration profiles are presented as numerical results and also derived vital relevant stream parameters diagrammatically, whereas the numerical values of primary skin friction, secondary skin friction, and Nusselt number are presented in tabular form for various values of pertinent flow parameters. The temperature rises as the strength of the thermal conductivity variable parameter increases. Also, as the values of the Taylor number and the thermal conductivity variable parameter go up, the primary velocity goes down. Similarly, secondary velocity increases in the opposite direction as the Taylor number and thermal conductivity variable parameter increase.

Modeling and interpretation of peristaltic transport of Eyring–Powell fluid through uniform/non-uniform channel with Joule heating and wall flexibility

The primary focus behind this research work is to unfold the characteristics of peristaltic transport of Eyring–Powell fluid through uniform/non-uniform channel. Consideration of wall flexibility as well as Joule heating is one of the key factors of this investigation. Implementation of small Reynolds number and large wavelength concepts leads to a reduction in the complexity of the system. The governing two-dimensional coupled differential equations are simplified after incorporating dimen- sionless variables. Graphical demonstrations for velocity, temperature, concentration profiles have been sketched out under the influence of pertinent flow parameters. Numerical values for the rate of mass as well as heat transfers are presented in tabular form. One of the most important occurrence regarding peristaltic movement namely trapping phenomenon has also been highlighted by means of circulating bolus through contour plots. Noteworthy findings are that for both uniform and non-uniform channels, Eyring–Powell fluid parameters exhibit a tendency to reduce the fluid velocity as well as the temperature of the fluid. Apart from this, another significant observation is that higher values of both velocity and temperature fields are observed in non-uniform channel as compared to uniform channel. Rate of heat transfer is enhanced due to an increment in Eyring–Powell fluid parameters for different types of non-uniform channels. Also for both the kind of channels, the cur- rent study explores that magnetic parameter and Eyring–Powell fluid parameter show a prominent impact on the trapping phenomenon. • Peristaltic transport of Eyring–Powell fluid through uniform/non-uniform channel. • Behaviours of wall flexibility as well as Joule heating are taken into consideration. • Rate of heat transfer is enhanced due to an increment in Eyring–Powell fluid parameters for different types of non-uniform channels. • The results are well described by graphically and tables.

Hall Current and Soret Effects on Unsteady MHD Rotating Flow of Second-Grade Fluid through Porous Media under the Influences of Thermal Radiation and Chemical Reactions

The unsteady MHD free convection heat and mass transfer flow of a viscous, incompressible, and electrically conducting fluid passing through a vertical plate embedded in a porous medium in the presence of chemical reactions and thermal radiation is investigated. The effects of the Hall current, rotation and Soret are studied. Using the perturbation approach, one can obtain an accurate analytical solution to the governing equations for the fluid velocity, fluid temperature, and species concentration, provided that the initial and boundary conditions are acceptable. It is possible to obtain expressions for the shear stress, rate of heat transfer, and rate of mass transfer for both plates with the ramping temperature and isothermal conditions. On the one hand, the numerical values of the primary and secondary fluid velocities, fluid temperature, and species concentration are presented graphically. On the other hand, the numerical values of the shear stress and rate of mass transfer for the plate are presented in tabular form for various values of the relevant flow parameters. These values are given for a range of pertinent flow parameters. It was determined that an increase in the Hall and Soret parameters over the whole fluid area leads to a corresponding increase in the resulting velocity. The resultant velocity continually climbs to a high level due to the contributions of the thermal and solute buoyancy forces. Lowering the heat source parameter reduces the temperature distribution, resulting in a lower overall temperature. When there is a rise in the chemical reaction parameter over the whole fluid area, there is a corresponding decrease in the concentration. The concentration buoyancy force, Hall current, and Prandtl number reduce the skin friction. On the other hand, the permeability of the porous medium, rotation, chemical reaction, the Soret number, thermal buoyancy force, and mass diffusion all have the opposite effects on the skin friction.

Transient natural convective flow of a radiative viscous incompressible fluid past an exponentially accelerated porous plate with chemical reaction species

AbstractThe present study deals with an unsteady magnetohydrodynamic natural convective flow of a viscous, incompressible fluid past an exponentially accelerated porous plate surrounded by a porous medium with suction or injection. The novelty of the current research is to analyze the behavior of the flow due to mass transfer with first‐order chemical reaction in the presence of a heat source in the energy equation. The existence of suction/injection and radiation parameters in the flow enhances the utility of the research as they are an integral part of nuclear reactors, thermal and chemical engineering processes, and many more. The Laplace transform technique (via Bromwich contour) is applied to solve exactly the governing equations. The nature of the flow velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles due to the impact of pertinent flow parameters are presented graphically. The numerical outcomes of coefficient of skin friction, rate of heat transfer, and mass transfer are obtained in tabular form. The results indicate that the skin friction increases slowly with the reaction parameter and largely with the suction parameter, whereas the concentration gradient increases at a much higher rate with the reaction parameter. The fluid injection has a negative impact on the velocity gradient. It is seen that the heat source enhances both velocity and temperature profiles throughout the flow field, whereas the first‐order chemical reaction acts reversely on the velocity and mass transfer process. The current research can be applied to identify the cause behind the drag force produced in seepage flow due to the heated or cooled accelerated plate.

Homogeneous–Heterogeneous Reactions Within Magnetic Sisko Nanofluid Flow Through Stretching Sheet Due to Convective Conditions Using Buongiorno’s Model

The flow due to stretching sheet has key role in many engineering fields such as making rubber sheets and plastic, wire drawing, glass-fiber manufacture and hot rolling etc. The Sisko fluid has its significant role in drilling fluids, blood, cement slurry, liquid polymers, paint and mud, synovial fluid and water-borne coating. Here, we examined the magnetic Sisko fluid flow via stretching sheet with convective conditions using Buongiorno’s model and flow problem occurring due to homogeneous–heterogeneous reactions. Influence of pertinent flow parameters viz. magnetic field, material index, Brownian motion parameter, thermophoresis parameter, Brownian diffusivity, Lewis number, ratio of diffusion coefficient, strength of homogeneous reaction, strength of heterogeneous reaction and Biot number are revealed by graphs for both shear thinning (n < 1) and shear thickening (n > 1) cases. The existing model has considered the case of unequal diffusion coefficients of chemical species. Hence, accounting the interaction of both homogeneous–heterogeneous reactions. One of the important outcomes of this work is concentration of auto-catalyst of Sisko fluid decreased due to rise in material index parameter.

Hall, Soret, and rotational effects on unsteady MHD rotating flow of a second-grade fluid through a porous medium in the presence of chemical reaction and aligned magnetic field

The effects of Hall current, rotation and Soret effects on an unsteady MHD free convection heat and mass transfer flow of a viscous, incompressible and electrically conducting fluid past an inclined plate embedded in a porous medium in the presence of chemical reaction and an aligned magnetic field are investigated. An exact analytical solution of the governing equations for fluid velocity, fluid temperature, and species concentration subject to appropriate initial and boundary conditions is obtained using the perturbation technique. Expressions for shear stress, rate of heat transfer and rate of mass transfer at the plate are derived for both ramped temperature and isothermal plates. The numerical values of primary and secondary fluid velocities, fluid temperature and species concentration are displayed graphically, whereas those of shear stress and rate of mass transfer at the plate are presented in tabular form for various values of pertinent flow parameters. It is concluded that, the resultant velocity is increased with an increasing in Hall and Soret parameters throughout fluid region. The thermal and solutal buoyancy forces contribute to the resultant velocity ever-increasing to high. The temperature distribution is trim downs through an increasing in heat source parameter. The concentration is reduced with an increase in the chemical reaction parameter in the entire fluid region. Concentration buoyancy force, hall current, and Prandtl number have tendency to reduce in skin friction whereas permeability of the porous medium, Rotation, chemical reaction, Soret number, thermal buoyancy force and mass diffusion have reverse effect on it.

The analysis and modeling of the binary reactive flow of the Carreau–Yasuda fluid with thermal and solutal stratifications and Soret and Dufour effects

Thermal and mass transport in the Carreau Yasuda fluid stagnation point MHD flow is addressed through a stretchable surface in this study. Thermal and solutal stratifications are analyzed. They occur due to temperature and concentration variation. The activation energy in the mass transfer is used to enhance the results. It is the initial input of energy due to which reaction proceeds. The velocity slip effect is implemented at the boundary for the momentum equation. Soret and Dufour’s impact on a given flow is also studied. The entropy generation rate is computed mathematically and the results are presented through different plots for pertinent flow parameters. The governing PDE system is changed into an ordinary one by appropriate transformations. The obtained system is tackled through the ND-Solve MATHEMATICA for numerical results. It is seen that the concentration, temperature, and velocity distributions are diminished against rising values of thermal and solutal stratified parameters and slip. Also, we have seen that stratification is very useful in entropy generation minimization.

Computational Analysis of MHD Nonlinear Radiation Casson Hybrid Nanofluid Flow at Vertical Stretching Sheet

The stagnation point flow of unsteady compressible Casson hybrid nanofluid flow over a vertical stretching sheet was analyzed. The comparative study of Yamada Ota, Tiwari Das, and Xue hybrid nanofluid models was performed. The Lorentz force was applied normal to flow directions. The effect of nonlinear radiation was studied. We considered the SWCNT (signal wall carbon nanotube) and MWCNT (multi-wall carbon nanotube) with base liquid (water). Under the flow suppositions, a mathematical model was settled by means of boundary layer approximations in terms of partial differential equations. The suitable transformation was developed by using the lie symmetry method. Partial differential equations were transformed into ordinary differential equations by suitable transformations. The dimensionless system was elucidated through a numerical technique named bvp4c. The impacts of pertinent flow parameters on skin friction, Nusselt number, and temperature and velocity distributions were depicted through tabular form as well as graphical form. In this study, the Yamada Ota model achieved a higher heat transfer rate compared to the Tiwari Das and Xue hybrid nanofluid models. The skin friction (CfxRe−1/2) increased and temperature gradient (NuxRe−1/2) declined due to the increment of solid nanoparticle concentration (ϕ2). Physically, skin friction increased because the higher values of the solid nanoparticles increased resistance to the fluid motion.