Phenomenological Perspective Research Articles

Implementasi Pendekatan Saintifik dalam Pembelajaran Akidah Akhlak di MAS Muallimin Univa Medan

This study aims to assess the effectiveness of the learning process when implementing a scientific approach in teaching Islamic faith and moral conduct at MAS Muallimin UNIVA Medan. The research adopts a qualitative approach with a phenomenological perspective. Data collection methods include observation, interviews, and documentation. Data validation is conducted through source triangulation. The results of the study indicate that the use of a scientific approach in teaching Islamic faith and moral conduct in the classroom enhances students' enthusiasm for learning, as they engage in activities such as observation, questioning, reasoning, experimentation, and communication

Meaningful work in a grocery store: a phenomenological sensemaking approach to job crafting among store workers

ABSTRACT What constitutes meaningful work in contexts associated with routines and low-skill work, such as grocery stores? And how do workers contribute to making their work meaningful in such contexts? We expand the conception of meaningful work beyond meaning in terms of significance found in the job crafting literature. Employing a phenomenological sensemaking perspective on data material combining participatory observations in a grocery store and in-depth interviews with employees, we find that store workers continuously engage in work aimed at maintaining the technical material, and social order of the store, that is ongoingly ‘micro-disturbed’ by customers who, e.g., pick groceries from shelves, ask for assistance and sometimes shoplift. Sensitized by this phenomenological sensemaking perspective, we also demonstrate how this ‘maintenance work’ manifests as cognitive and behavioral (practical) crafting and clarify their intertwined nature, a previously unresolved conceptual puzzle in the job crafting literature.

Transitioning Perspectives in Digital Health Through Phenomenology Integration.

The evolution of digital health, from its early days as eHealth to its current expansive scope, reflects a significant transformation in health care delivery and management. This transition underscores the integration of digital technologies across the health continuum from prevention and diagnosis to treatment and rehabilitation. The emergence of digital health has introduced innovative solutions but also posed challenges, particularly in aligning technological advancements with health needs, human experiences, and ethical considerations. This position paper aims to explore the integration of phenomenology in digital health, advocating for a paradigm that emphasizes the centrality of human experience in the design and implementation of digital health solutions. It specifically seeks to address challenges related to relevance for individuals who "speak" different languages, ensuring long-term use, addressing digital and health literacy, coordinating various sources, and navigating ethical issues in the rapidly evolving digital health landscape. Drawing upon years of research and practical experience in communication technologies and health, this paper uses a reflective approach to examine the intersection of digital health and phenomenology. It reviews the historical development of digital health, identifies the challenges faced during its evolution, and discusses the potential of phenomenological methods to enhance user-centered design and ethical practices in digital health. The integration of phenomenology into digital health facilitates a deeper understanding of user experiences, enabling the development of more responsive and ethical digital health solutions. Participatory design models, informed by phenomenological perspectives, offer a pathway to bridge the gap between technological innovation and human-centric health care. The paper highlights successful practices in digital health development, including mobile apps for vaccination decision-making and platforms for managing chronic conditions, illustrating the benefits of a phenomenological approach. Transitioning perspectives in digital health through phenomenology integration represents a critical step toward realizing the full potential of digital technologies in health care.

A case study of Eco’s notion of encyclopedia: the (ethno)racial lexicon and its semantic sphere

Abstract In the wave of Umberto Eco’s oppositional binomial Dictionary-Encyclopedia, the paper aims to apply the rhizomatic system to the practical case of the (ethno)racial lexicon as a broad semantic area of the word race, which previously involved both physical predisposition and cultural habits. Given its critical issues, the dictionarial approach is distinguished into two different stages, intra-dictionarial (properly dictionarial) and inter-dictionarial (resulting from the metaphorical chain of meanings). Originally, race referred to horses (stud and herds) and property (as ownership and essential attribute), which extended metonymically to other senses – general zoological-botanic, human (lineage, offspring) and typological qualitative ones. Comparing its correspondents in Romance and Germanic languages, reference to many different contexts and a continuous misalignment between lexeme and concept emerge. The liquidity within the semantic sphere of race (embracing the three semantic cores racial, ethnic, and typological) can be explained by taking a phenomenological and semiotic perspective. If the ethnic sense (people, nation, etc.) is connected to a socio-cultural Lifeworld in an interplay of identities and differences, the aporia of synonymy emerging from the inter-dictionarial analysis finds its balance in the local encyclopedic approach, which proves to be the real deterrent to Porphyry’s tree through the rhizome, conceived not in its entirety, but in the partiality and contingency of its branches.

Passport discrimination from the lens of critical phenomenological perspective

PurposeLittle is known about how international individuals and travelers face and experience discrimination due to their passport. The purpose of this study is to explore factors that contribute to a new form of discrimination, i.e. passport discrimination. There exists a dominant gap in the literature, both empirically and theoretically, which explores this dimension of discrimination. To better understand this central phenomenon, this study amalgamated the concepts from the theories of social identity, self-categorization and system justification.Design/methodology/approachTo delve into the essence of the participants’ lived experiences with passport discrimination, this study employed the existential-phenomenological philosophy of a qualitative research design. Data were gathered from personal interviews with 10 passport holders from different Asian countries.FindingsThe findings of this study revealed that citizens of developing and underdeveloped countries commonly experience passport discrimination in salary structure, promotions, training and hiring processes. Additionally, they face passport discrimination during visa issuance and proceedings at immigration counters.Originality/valueThis study unlocks the door for researchers to explore new dimensions of discrimination. Future studies may investigate the level of impact of passport discrimination from a human resource perspective through a positivist approach.

Agents of social change: cultural connections between Emirati women and camels

ABSTRACT This article considers experiences and interactions of Emirati women with camels, the latter being of the most culturally significant animals in the Emirates, entangled in compelling sociocultural and national narratives. No English-language publication thus far has prioritized female experiences in interacting with camels in the UAE, albeit tending to those animals is not an exclusively male domain. Emirati women’s presence around camels is explored in the context of riding, trekking, racing, inheriting and owning them. Tracking shifts in female experiences around camel-related culture is an essential component of the research. Camels can be perceived as agents of social change–their evolving sociocultural presence is indicative of broader transformations in the UAE. Female narratives centred around those animals describe old and entirely new contexts of their cultural existence. Camels appear, among others, as central figures of heritage revival processes in the UAE and as ‘tools’ of self-discovery. Additionally, phenomenological perspectives engaged in this research, allow for values of cultural nostalgia, emotions, sentiments, embodiment, and sensuous presence in the world to be revealed in the Emirati women’s stories.

Walking-dilaton hybrid inflation with B − L Higgs embedded in dynamical scalegenesis

We propose a hybrid inflationary scenario based on eight-flavor hidden QCD with the hidden colored fermions being in part gauged under U(1)B−L. This hidden QCD is almost scale-invariant, so-called walking, and predicts the light scalar meson (the walking dilaton) associated with the spontaneous scale breaking, which develops the Coleman-Weinberg (CW) type potential as the consequence of the nonperturbative scale anomaly, hence plays the role of an inflaton of the small-field inflation. The U(1)B−L Higgs is coupled to the walking dilaton inflaton, which is dynamically induced from the so-called bosonic seesaw mechanism. We explore the hybrid inflation system involving the walking dilaton inflaton and the U(1)B−L Higgs as a waterfall field. We find that observed inflation parameters tightly constrain the U(1)B−L breaking scale as well as the walking dynamical scale to be ~ 109 GeV and ~ 1014 GeV, respectively, so as to make the waterfall mechanism worked. The lightest walking pion mass is then predicted to be around 500 GeV. Phenomenological perspectives including embedding of the dynamical electroweak scalegenesis and possible impacts on the thermal leptogenesis are also addressed.

Clues and caveats concerning artificial consciousness from a phenomenological perspective

Clues and caveats concerning artificial consciousness from a phenomenological perspective

오심 체험으로 촉발된 실패학습 경험에 관한 연구

The purpose of this study is to explore the lived experiences of misjudgment by sports umpires from a phenomenological perspective, and to investigate the structure and meaning of failure learning experiences encountered by adults in their everyday lives. Data were collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews with 12 umpires and referees and analyzed using Giorgi’s phenomenological approach. The findings revealed that the experiences of failure learning were categorized into 5 main components, 20 sub-components, and 74 meaning units. The components of failure learning-failure learning triggers, failure learning activities, failure learning strategies, failure learning outcomes, and the dissemination of failure learning-along with their sub-components, were mapped out in a structural diagram to illustrate the framework of umpires' failure learning experiences. A key feature of failure learning is the utilization of various emotion regulation strategies, including physical concentration, motivational shifts, cognitive interpretation, emotional acceptance, and emotional refreshing, to confront, resolve, or transform negative emotions into positive ones. The outcomes of failure learning not only enhance professional performance and expand positive emotions, leading to personal growth, but also have a broader impact on the community. This study emphasizes the value of learning through failure that adults experience in the workplace, reaffirming its importance in lifelong learning.

Reanalysis of 20Ne + 24Mg elastic scattering angular distributions within various interaction potentials

The angular distributions (ADs) for 20Ne elastically scattered from a 24Mg target were measured experimentally many years ago at Elab = 50–100 MeV. Unfortunately, these data received little attention and were analyzed only from a phenomenological perspective at that time. This work is essentially devoted to investigating these data from a microscopic point of view, with a special interest given to the probable α + 16O cluster structure of the 20Ne nucleus. The considered data are fairly well reproduced by the various implemented potentials. The study demonstrated the success of the proposed α + 16O cluster model of the 20Ne nucleus in reproducing the considered 20Ne + 24Mg ADs over a wide range of energies.

Victimization as transformative experience: A phenomenological perspective

Victimization as transformative experience: A phenomenological perspective

Meeting the multidimensional self: fostering selfhood at the interface of Creative Arts Therapies and neuroscience.

Intriguing explorations at the intersection of the fields of neuroscience and psychology are driven by the quest to understand the neural underpinnings of "the self" and their psychotherapeutic implications. These translational efforts pertain to the unique Creative Arts Therapies (CATs) and the attributes and value of the self-related processes they offer. The self is considered as a multi-layered complex construct, comprising bodily and mental constituents, subjective-objective perspectives, spatial and temporal dimensions. Neuroscience research, mostly functional brain imaging, has proposed cogent models of the constitution, development and experience of the self, elucidating how the multiple dimensions of the self are supported by integrated hierarchical brain processes. The psychotherapeutic use of the art-forms, generating aesthetic experiences and creative processes, touch upon and connect the various layers of self-experience, nurturing the sense of self. The present conceptual analysis will describe and interweave the neural mechanisms and neural network configuration suggested to lie at the core of the ongoing self-experience, its deviations in psychopathology, and implications regarding the psychotherapeutic use of the arts. The well-established, parsimonious and neurobiologically plausible predictive processing account of brain-function will be discussed with regard to selfhood and consciousness. The epistemic affordance of the experiential CATs will further be portrayed, enabling and facilitating the creation of updated self-models of the body in the world. The neuropsychological impact of the relational therapeutic encounter will be delineated, acknowledging the intersubjective brain synchronization through communicative verbal and non-verbal means and aesthetic experiences. The recognition and assimilation of neuroscientific, phenomenological and clinical perspectives concerning the nested dimensionality of the self, ground the relational therapeutic process and the neuroplastic modulations that CATs have to offer on the premise of fostering, shaping and integrating selfhood.

On the Way to Be(Coming) a Social Worker: Phenomenological Reflections by Social Work Students on Their Final Year as a Site of Professional Identity Exploration

Abstract In the field of social work research and practice, considerable focus has been placed on the preparedness of students as they transition from being students to becoming professionals. However, insufficient attention has been paid to the processes that occur during the final academic year of their training—a critical transition period that requires a deeper examination. Using a qualitative approach, the study examined the phenomenological perspectives of twenty-nine social work students at an Israeli university during the final academic year of their bachelor’s degree, employing the photovoice methodology. Content analysis of the results identified four key characteristics of the final academic year: (1) the liminal-transitional nature of identity work during the final year; (2) separation from the student identity; (3) the doorknob effect; and (4) entering the professional shoes. The research results are discussed and conceptualised within the framework of the theory of liminality, highlighting its relevance to understanding the transition processes that characterise professional identity work. Additionally, the study explores the implications of liminality in preparing students for entering the job market, particularly considering the distinction between being a professional and becoming a professional.

What helped the helpers? Health care social workers’ phenomenological perspective regarding coping resources in the contexts of shared traumatic reality.

What helped the helpers? Health care social workers’ phenomenological perspective regarding coping resources in the contexts of shared traumatic reality.

Ternary Moral Empathy Model from the Perspective of Intersubjective Phenomenology.

The phenomenon of empathy is an intersubjective process of feeling and a particular form of intentionality. Moral empathy refers to a type of empathy that can trigger moral action, with the embodied intersubjectivity laying the foundation for its emergence. This paper attempts to propose a comprehensive theoretical model of moral empathy from the perspective of intersubjective phenomenology, which includes the following. (1) The moral dimension of perceptual empathy: at the subpersonal, unconscious, and perceptual-motor level, embodied empathic practices are essential for the formation of moral consciousness and the emergence of moral empathy. (2) The moral dimension of situational empathy: following the development of shared attention mechanisms, children can direct towards the intentional objects of others through embodied situational cues to perceive the psychological state of others and generate the moral empathy of "ought", leading to dyadic morality that promotes cooperative behavior. (3) The moral dimension of narrative empathy: the narrative practices of moral empathy refer to the processes by which children could perceive and understand the moral situation of characters within an embodied narrative structure, subsequently generate prosocial motives such as empathic concern, and then accept the "objective" moral norms of the group consciousness embedded in the narrative.

Generative AI: hopes, controversies and the future of faculty roles in education

Purpose Generative artificial intelligence (GAI) has seen exponential growth in recent years due to its capability to generate original content through natural language processing and comprehensive language models. This paper aims to investigate the transformative impact of GAI on higher education, focusing on the evolving roles of faculty in the classroom. Design/methodology/approach Using a phenomenological perspective and a process approach, the study involved 25 semi-structured interviews with academicians in higher education. Findings The findings reveal that GAI currently creates biased and commercially driven learning environments, challenging traditional pedagogical models. Despite its potential for enhancing education, the autonomous nature of GAI often prioritizes commercial interests over pedagogical goals. Research limitations/implications The study is limited to faculty perspectives, suggesting future research should include student viewpoints and diverse educational contexts. Practical implications The study highlights the need for higher education institutions to develop comprehensive policies, provide training for faculty and students and design new courses that leverage GAI for personalized learning experiences and enhanced faculty research. Originality/value This paper contributes to the emerging literature on GAI’s impact on education, highlighting its dual nature as both a transformative tool and a potential threat to traditional educational roles and outcomes.

Violence in mass-mediated images and memory. Phenomenological account of prosthetic memories

AbstractIn this paper, I analyse Alison Landsberg’s concept of prosthetic memories from a phenomenological perspective. Prosthetic memory, while sharing similarities with both personal and collective memory, is neither exclusively personal nor strictly collective, emerging as a product of new media in mass communication. According to Landsberg, prosthetic memories have four main characteristics: the recaller experiences them as firsthand accounts despite not personally living through the events, these memories often revolve around traumatic events, have a commodified form, and are ethically useful. Using Husserl’s theories on memory consciousness and image consciousness, and contemporary phenomenological research on violence, I provide a phenomenological account for the first three characteristics of prosthetic memory. The key factors contributing to their quasi-personal and quasi-collective nature lie, on the one hand, in the presence of imagistic violence and, on the other hand, in their mass-mediated image character.

MOURNER: Grieving from the perspective of phenomenology and existentialism

Social transformations in the ways of conceiving death throughout history have led to changes in the process of dying and the suppression of the experience of mourning in some contemporary cultures. The present study presents theoretical reflections on the experiences of grief and its implications in the phenomenological-existential perspective, pointing out contributions to a grief clinic. The conception presentes that mourning is lived as a human experience, crossed by the function and mediation that the entity exerted on the bereaved's life, his personality, his emotionality, his relationships and his project of being, which changes from the absence of the other. In this way, implies a being-with of professionals and bereaved helping them in the reorganization of their project-of-being expanding possibilities of being-in-the-world from the physical absence of the other and allowing future perspectives continue to be seen.

Shifting perspectives: exploring the intersection of traditional and digital photography in contemporary artistic practices

The advent of digital photography has ushered in a dynamic era marked by evolving paradigms and practices in visual representation. This research delves into the profound interplay between traditional and digital photographic modalities, investigating their impact on contemporary art and society. Through an art-based research approach, this study examines an innovative artistic experiment conducted by Palestinian artist Ahmed Al-Saffarini. While Al-Saffarini's work serves as a starting point for philosophical reflection, it is the broader conceptual exploration of digital and traditional photography that forms the core of this research. By burying vintage photographic negatives underground for an extended period, Al-Saffarini sought to explore the transformative potential of integrating traditional and digital photography techniques. Drawing on a rich body of literature encompassing philosophical discourse, artistic practice, and technological advancements, this research elucidates key themes shaping the trajectory of photography in the digital age. Phenomenological perspectives illuminate the experiential dimensions of perception and consciousness inherent in the photographic medium, while scholarly debates on analogue versus digital photography underscore the epistemic complexities and artistic possibilities engendered by technological innovation. Furthermore, this study highlights photography's role as a conduit for memory, identity formation, and cultural expression in contemporary society. Through an analysis of Al-Saffarini's artistic experiment and its implications, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of photography's transformative potential and its evolving significance within the artistic landscape. Emphasising the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and creative experimentation, this study advocates for the integration of art-based research methodologies in scholarly inquiry, thereby enriching our comprehension of photography's multifaceted nature and its enduring relevance in the digital era.

Contextualising mental health: interdisciplinary contributions to a new model for tackling social differences and inequalities in mental healthcare

ABSTRACT Many classical approaches in the area of phenomenological pscyhopathology focus on structures of lived experience of mental illness and overlook the role social context plays in the formation of lived experiences. The paper addresses this issue and contributes to recent research which has pointed out that there is a need for an approach to mental health which investigates the role of context in shaping lived experiences. We propose a conception of contextuality (or situatedness) which we develop in terms of two main characteristics: intersectionality and social relationality of the human condition. We take context to be shaped by social interdependence and by the intersection of multiple factors including gender, race, ethnicity, class, socio-economic status and power relations. We develop this analysis in relation to substance misuse, refer to, and compare, certain case studies and perspectives from Brazil to illustrate our approach which can, however, be applied to other areas of mental health. We suggest that the proposed contextual approach is crucial for an in-depth understanding of psychopathology from a phenomenological perspective and in relation to contemporary ethico-political issues concerning social differences and inequalities in mental health.