Perspective Of Gender Differences Research Articles

Sex differences in delay times in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: A cohort study

BackgroundThe present study analyzes a cohort of consecutive patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI), evaluating the ischemia–reperfusion times from the perspective of gender differences (females versus males), with a long-term follow-up. MethodsSingle-center analytical cohort study of patients with STEMI in a tertiary hospital, between January 2015 and December 2020. ResultsA total of 2668 patients were included, 2002 (75%) men and 666 (25%) women. The time elapsed from the onset of symptoms to the opening of the artery was 197min (IQR 140–300) vs 220min (IQR 152–340), p=0.004 in men and women respectively. A delay in health care significantly impacts the occurrence of cardiovascular adverse events at follow-up, HR 1.34 [95%CI 1.06–1.70]; p=0.015. ConclusionsWomen took longer to go to health care services and had a longer delay both in the diagnosis of STEMI and in coronary reperfusion. It is imperative to emphasize the necessity of educating women about the recognition of ischemic heart disease symptoms, empowering them to raise early alarms and seek timely medical attention.

The associations among growth mindsets, the ideal L2 writing self, and L2 writing enjoyment and their impacts on L2 English writing performance: A gender difference perspective

Recently, researchers are paying increasing attention to the influence of second language (L2) writers’ personal beliefs on writing learning experiences and outcomes. Drawing on the Positive Psychology approach and from a gender difference perspective, this study investigates the relationships among two important motivational factors (i.e., growth mindsets and the ideal L2 writing self) and L2 writing enjoyment, as well as the impacts of these three positive mentalities on English writing performance with 679 12th grade high school students in mainland China. Independent sample t-tests results indicated that female students had significantly better English writing performance and higher levels of the three mentalities, although the effect sizes of the differences were small. Our multi-group structural equation model reported positive associations among the three mentalities for both male and female students. Growth mindsets were more influential for male students, whereas the ideal L2 writing self more influential for female students. In terms of the influence of the three mentalities on English writing performance, only the ideal L2 writing self was a significant predictor for female students. Pedagogical suggestions are provided based on the findings.

Gender Difference in REM Sleep Behavior Disorder in Japanese Population: Polysomnography and Sleep Questionnaire Study

Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is generally common among males and is an established risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases. As the population ages, the prevalence of α-synucleinopathy (such as Parkinson’s disease) is increasing. Additionally, the number of female patients is increasing in Japan. Therefore, we aimed to clarify the clinical characteristics of RBD from the perspective of gender differences in the Japanese population. The proportion of male RBD patients (65.2%) was significantly higher than that of female patients (34.8%). Additionally, female patients (70.5 ± 8.2 years) were significantly older than male patients (67.9 ± 8.0 years, p < 0.05). The mean score on the RBD Screening Questionnaire was significantly higher in male patients than in female (8.6 ± 2.9 vs. 7.7 ± 3.1, p < 0.05), while the mean score on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was significantly higher in males (5.9 ± 3.8 vs. 7.2 ± 3.600, p < 0.001). The Self-rating Depression Scale in females was 41.7 ± 8.5, and they were more likely to show depressive tendencies than males. In polysomnography, higher rates of obstructive sleep apnea and longer duration of stage N1 sleep were detected in males. After adjusting for age, BMI, and polysomnographic parameters, we found that female RBD patients had significantly worse sleep quality and rates of depression compared to male patients.

Power in the supply chain: a state-of-the-art literature review and propositions from the perspective of gender differences

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the existing literature on firms’ power through the lens of the supply chain and highlights some gaps that could be covered by future research.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses a systematic framework-based review combining the insights of the antecedents, decisions and outcomes (ADO) and theories, contexts and methods (TCM) frameworks. The review was carried out using a sample of 108 articles published between 1984 and 2022 in 25 prestigious journals.FindingsThe ADO framework maps out the state of the art of the antecedents of power (i.e. sources and types of firm power), the decision to use power and the effect that exercising power over other firms may have on firm performance and the quality of inter-firm relationships. In addition, this framework highlights factors that mediate or moderate the decision to exercise power and the factors that mediate or moderate the outcomes of exercising power or power asymmetry. The TCM framework provides insights into the theories, contexts (i.e. countries, industries, level of analysis and sources of data) and methods used by the existing literature. The content analysis using the aforementioned frameworks provides the basis to elaborate propositions for future research on power in the supply chain from the perspective of gender differences.Research limitations/implicationsThis systematic literature review offers a comprehensive guide for researchers to understand the antecedents, decisions and outcomes of firm power in the supply chain, as well as the TCM used in the literature. The content analysis using frameworks provides a road map to investigate the proposed factors that might moderate the decision to exercise power and the outcome of exercising power or power asymmetry from the perspective of gender differences. In addition, based on content analysis, the authors make propositions about TCM that could be applied in future research.Practical implicationsFrom a practical perspective, this systematic literature review may help managers to better understand the sources and consequences of their firm’s power. This would allow managers to make better decisions when negotiating with their supply chain parties, which could potentially lead to better performance for their firms and the whole supply chain.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to conduct a comprehensive systematic literature review of the different dimensions of firms’ power in the supply chain.

Housing demolition and labour force participation: A gender difference perspective

AbstractExisting research suggests that housing demolition negatively affects labour supply through the wealth effect of the demolition compensation. However, there is limited research on the gender differences in the impact of housing demolition on labour force participation. This study investigates the effects of housing demolition on labour force participation, with a specific focus on the gender difference. Using data from the Chinese Family Panel Studies, this study reveals a significant decline in labour force participation resulting from housing demolition, primarily driven by females. Moreover, housing demolition exerts a stronger effect on the labour force participation of married women, who tend to take on more responsibilities for household chores, while its impact on married men is less evident. These findings offer valuable insights into the issue of labour shortage and underscore the importance of reducing the traditional gender‐based division of household labour.

Advanced Technology (Continuous Glucose Monitoring and Advanced Hybrid Closed-Loop Systems) in Diabetes from the Perspective of Gender Differences

An ever-growing body of evidence suggests that sex and gender influence the pathophysiology, incidence, prevalence, clinical manifestations, course, and response to therapy of diabetes. Sex and gender differences are particularly evident in type 1 diabetes, especially in patients using advanced technologies (CGM and AHCL), as they are factors that interact with each other and have an impact on adherence to therapy, which affects not only metabolic compensation, but also, therefore, the prevention of complications and quality of life.

Integration of Single-Cell Transcriptomics Data Reveal Differences in Cell Composition and Communication in Acne.

Acne is a kind of hair follicle sebaceous inflammatory disease, which has a high incidence rate among adolescents. Comparative data on cells which beneficial for precise treatment of acne patients. After integrating and removing the batch effect of single-cell transcriptomics data of acne patients and health skin, the dimensionality reduction clustering was performed and the change in characteristics of each cell group were analyzed. Further, cell communication differences between gender were analyzed by use Cellchat software. 70,189 cells were analyzed, and 11 cell groups were identified. The proportion of basal cells and macrophages in skin of acne patients are relatively high than that of skin in healthy people. The results of cell communication showed that the communication intensity of acne patients was significantly higher than that of healthy skin, and the endothelial cells showed a strong ability to receive signals. From the perspective of gender differences, the proportion of macrophages in male patients were higher than that in female patients, and there were a large number of basal cells in the lesion area of female patients. There are also have some specific immune response ligand-receptor regulatory signals in male patients. There are significant differences in skin cell composition and cell communication patterns between acne patients and healthy people, especially reflected in gender differences. Basal cells, macrophages and endothelial cells can serve as key targets for acne treatment. The treatment methods for men and women should be more personalized.

Nursing students’ experiences of workplace violence based on the perspective of gender differences: a phenomenological study

BackgroundWorkplace violence is a worldwide concern, and particularly affects nursing students. It has a seriously negative impact on nursing students’ clinical learning experience and their physical and mental health. This study explored whether there are differences in psychological responses and coping styles among different gender nursing students after exposure to workplace violence, and investigated the causes for these differences.MethodsWe enrolled 22 nursing undergraduates from Guangzhou Medical University and Zunyi Medical University, China. Phenomenological qualitative research and online semi-structured interviews were conducted. The data were analyzed by the Colaizzi seven-step content analysis method.ResultsTwo categories were collated: psychological experience and coping styles. Three themes of the former were extracted: negative emotional experience, low level of professional identity, and negative effect on self-efficacy. Two themes of the latter: responses to violence and adjustment after violence. In addition, fourteen subthemes were extracted.ConclusionsDifferent gender nursing students have different psychological experience and coping styles in the face of workplace violence. The causes of the differences are likely related to sociocultural factors and psychological gender status.

An Analysis of Factors Influencing Chinese University Students’ Major Choice from the Perspective of Gender Differences

Higher education attainment is a focus of gender differences research. However, little is known about differences in university students’ major choices at the same level of higher education in China’s education hierarchy. Based on a web survey of 1164 undergraduate students in China’s broad enrollment context, this study uses Wenjuanxing to collect information by posting questionnaires on social media platforms and analyzes the impact of gender differences on the major choices of finance and economics undergraduates by using the Linear Discriminant Model (LDM). Moreover, this study explores the differential impact of income level, urban–rural settings, and regional differences on university students’ major choices. This study finds that female students are approximately 2.62 times more likely than male students to choose applied majors (such as accounting, financial management, auditing, international business, and so on), a gap that is more pronounced in high-income families and Eastern regions. In addition, in rural areas, female students have a higher probability of choosing applied majors than male students. These findings indicate that in China’s broad discipline enrollment model, gender differences still significantly affect students’ major choices, and female students are more likely to enter applied majors than their male counterparts.

Отличительные характеристики перевода поэзии в контексте гендерных различий (на материале произведений Р. Бёрнса)

The study aims to determine how gender identity affects the choice of language means when translating poetic works. To do so, we need to analyse and compare the results of translations of R. Burns' poems made by men and women. As is commonly known, there are differences in the perception of the world by men and women, thus, they perceive literary works differently. In the paper, we will analyse how these differences are manifested in a translation text. For a comparative analysis of the language means used by female and male translators, R. Burns' poems and their translations into Russian are involved. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that the translation of R. Burns' poetic works from the perspective of gender differences has not yet been the object of independent study. The results showed that there is an obvious correlation between the gender factor and the choice of language means in translation.

Socioeconomic Status and Health Level of Middle-aged and Old People -- Based on CHARLS Survey

The aging of the population in China is becoming increasingly serious, and the health status of the elderly has been widely concerned by scholars from all walks of life. The study of intermediate mechanisms can provide a better basis for formulating relevant policy interventions. Therefore, this paper combines domestic and foreign literature research, using the method of the logit model, to analyze the intermediate mechanism of socio-economic status affecting the health level of the elderly. This paper uses CHARLS data in 2018 to study the impact of socioeconomic status on the health status of middle-aged and elderly people. First of all, it combs the relevant literature at home and abroad, and makes descriptive statistics on the socio-economic status and health level of the elderly in China to understand their current situation. Secondly, we use the logit regression model to analyze the relationship between socioeconomic status and the health level of the elderly. The research found that: First, there is a significant positive correlation between socioeconomic status and the health level of the elderly. Second, from the perspective of gender differences, socio-economic status significantly affects the health level of men, while it has less impact on the elderly of women. Based on the results of the study, this paper puts forward targeted countermeasures and suggestions, which can reduce the degree of health inequality by improving the elderly's health behavior, material living conditions, family relations, good neighborliness, community health environment, etc.

Gender Differences in the Nonspecific and Health-Specific Use of Social Media Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Trend Analysis Using HINTS 2017-2020 Data

The use of social media has changed since the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, little is known about the gender disparity in social media use for nonspecific and health-specific issues before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on a gender difference perspective, this study aimed to examine how the nonspecific and health-specific uses of social media changed in 2017–2020. The data came from the Health Information National Trends Survey Wave 5 Cycle 1–4. This study included 10,426 participants with complete data. Compared to 2017, there were higher levels of general use in 2019 and 2020, and an increased likelihood of health-related use in 2020 was reported among the general population. Female participants were more likely to be nonspecific and health-specific users than males. Moreover, the relationship of gender with general use increased in 2019 and 2020; however, concerning health-related use, it expanded in 2019 but narrowed in 2020. The COVID-19 global pandemic led to increased use of social media, especially for health-related issues among males. These findings further our understanding of the gender gap in health communication through social media, and contribute to targeted messaging to promote health and reduce disparities between different groups during the pandemic.

Keyakinan yang mendukung tindak kekerasan perundungan berdasarkan perspektif perbedaan jenis kelamin

Previous studies on bullying revealed the high frequency of bullying incidents in West Java Province. Bandung is among the highest bullying incidents rate in West Java. This study aimed to explore the contribution of beliefs supporting violence to bullying in boys and girls. Beliefs supporting violence is one of the bullying predictors, but there is still limited study exploring beliefs supporting violence in Indonesia from the perspective of gender differences. This study used a cross-sectional design. A representative sample of elementary and junior high school students in Kota Bandung (N = 1,539) was obtained from a stratified cluster random sampling technique. There were 53.2% girls and 46.8% boys. Belief supporting violence instrument and bullying perpetration instrument that have been adapted into Indonesian were used in this study. Data were analyzed using linear regression. Beliefs supporting violence contributed significantly to physical bullying in girls (β = 0.182; p = 0.000) and boys (β = 0.141; p = 0.000), verbal bullying in girls (β = 0.248; p = 0.000) and boys (β = 0.247; p = 0.000), and psychological bullying in girls (β = 0.110; p = 0.002) and boys (β = 0.085; p = 0.023). The socio-ecological theory from Bronfenbrenner was used to explain the results. Beliefs supporting violence contributed significantly to bullying perpetration in boys and girls. Boys have higher mean scores on beliefs supporting violence compared to girls. However, gender did not moderate beliefs supporting violence to bullying perpetration. Parents and teachers shall consider any violent incidents caused by beliefs supporting violence that predict school bullying incidents. This cautious hopefully will help to decrease the number of bullying perpetration cases.

Poverty Alleviation Relocation, Fuelwood Consumption and Gender Differences in Human Capital Improvement.

The aim of poverty alleviation relocation is to break the vicious cycle of poverty and ecological degradation. The improvement of human capital, specifically women's human capital, is important to realize the poverty alleviation and sustainable development of relocated peasant households. Based on the survey data of 902 peasant households in southern Shaanxi in 2020, using the PSM model and the mediation effect test model, this paper explores the impact of participation in relocation on human capital from the perspective of gender differences, and the mediation effect of fuelwood consumption in the effect of participation in relocation on the human capital of peasants with different genders. The results show that firstly, in general, participation in relocation effectively improves the human capital of peasants. Secondly, there are gender differences in the improvement of the human capital of relocated peasants. Compared with male peasants, the health level of female peasants is significantly improved. Finally, fuelwood consumption plays an important mediation role in the impact of participation in relocation on human capital and the mediation role is more significant in improving the human capital of relocated female peasants.

Characteristics and influencing factors of the working day activity space of Shanghai suburban residents from the perspective of gender difference

Characteristics and influencing factors of the working day activity space of Shanghai suburban residents from the perspective of gender difference

Analisis Perbandingan Minat Berwirausaha Mahasiswa dari Perspektif Perbedaan Gender

Abstract: The extant literature showed that the result of study in comparison of entrepreneurial intention have inconclusive results in the context of gender difference in academic higher education institution. However, there has been little research which examines the study of comparison of entrepreneurial intention at the department of business in the context of vocational higher education institution. Therefore, this study aims to compare entrepreneurial intention of students in both the department of accounting andbusiness administration at Politeknik Negeri Ujung Pandang. Research method use in this research was a quantitative research and descriptive comparison. Total samples were students consisting of based on purposive sampling method. Data were obtained by spreading questionnaires via online. The research found that there was no significant difference between male students’ entrepreneurial intention compared to female students’ one in both the department of accounting and business administration in Politeknik Negeri Ujung Pandang. Further, independent sample t-test also indicated that there was no significant difference between entrepreneurial intention of students in the department of accounting compared to entrepreneurial intention of ones in the department of business administration in the perspective of gender difference.

The influence of jumping performance and coordination on the spike ability of young volleyball athletes

Background and Study Aim. Spike is the most important techniques to be mastered due to its big impacts to volleyball match. There is still lack of study to evaluate and discusses how the role of jumping performance and coordination in volleyball could affect spike ability. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of these variables on spike ability.
 Material and Methods. This study used a quantitative descriptive method, involved 42 participants (20 men and 22 women). The jump performance was measured using MyJump 2 application which can measure flight time, force, jump height, jumping power and speed based on free-arm jumping method. Then, the measurement of coordination was done using an alternative hand wall test. Spike ability is shown by the results of the hit and spike performance. Spike performance was based on The Volleyball Test Skills for Smasher. For spike performance, data collection is based on observations from five phases of spike movement; i) Initial posture; ii) Initial Motion; iii) Motion of Appeal; iv) Advanced Motion; v) Placement of the ball, using the scoring points 1-4. All the data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson Correlation. 
 Results. The results of the study show that in the perspective of gender differences, almost all variables had significant difference between men and women on flight time (0.028 < 0.05), force (0.001 < 0.01), jump height (0.040 < 0). 0.05), strength (0.001 < 0.01), and speed (0.028 < 0.05), coupled with coordination (0.003 < 0.01), hit results (0.181 > 0.05), and spike performance (0.216 > 0.05). Meanwhile, the relationship between variables were found to be significant (p-value < 0.01) on the five jumping performance variables. Another significant correlation obtained from the results of calculations between coordination and jump height (0.033 < 0.05), coordination with strength (0.044 < 0.05), coordination with spike hitting results was significant (0.003 < 0.01). Instead of them, relationship between one and another was not found significant relationship (p-value > 0.05).
 Conclusions. Coaches can use the information in this study as a guideline to develop training program to improve their athletes effectiveness in spiking.

Changes in Attitudes towards Organ Donation among Bosnian Immigrants in Sweden from Gender Perspective.

The present study aimed to assess changes in the perception of and willingness to participate in organ donation (OD) among immigrants from Bosnia and Herzegovina living in Sweden from the perspective of gender differences. A cross-sectional study with 60 participants born in Bosnia and Herzegovina and living in Sweden was performed. Data were collected using a self-administrative questionnaire, providing demographic characteristics, information about opinions, awareness, and knowledge on the donation process and religious approach to the subject, willingness to donate/ receive organs, and possession of a donor card. Our results showed significant differences between genders regarding the definition of transplantation (P<0.0001), information about OD (P<0.0001), knowledge (P<0.0001) and importance of OD (P<0.003), religious permitting (P=0.0001), and religious opposing (P=0.0007) to OD. Furthermore, a significant difference was observed regarding the preferred recipient (P=0.0062) and the possession of the donor card (P<0.0001). Regression analysis showed that female gender and higher income were statistically significant in prediction of positive attitudes toward OD (P=0.0027, P=0.0002, respectively). Change of social background and integration into Swedish society undoubtedly led to change in the attitudes toward OD, regardless of the perspective of gender differences. However, women were found to have more positive attitudes toward OD.

Research on the Current Situation and Countermeasures of College Football Special Class from the Perspective of Gender Difference

Research on the Current Situation and Countermeasures of College Football Special Class from the Perspective of Gender Difference

A Study on the Improvement of College Students' Psychological Pressure and Anxiety by Using English Psychological Script Activities.

This study conducted an experiment of English script activities on 279 senior students from two universities in Guangdong Province, China. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of English psychological script activities on improving the psychological pressure and anxiety of college students. The results show that, firstly, before the experiment, the overall psychological pressure and anxiety of college students are at a medium high level. The gender difference shows that the psychological pressure and anxiety level of girls are higher than that of boys. The professional difference shows that the psychological pressure and anxiety level of Humanities and social sciences majors are higher than that of science and engineering majors. After the experiment, the overall psychological pressure and anxiety level of college students have a significant improvement effect. From the overall level, English psychological script has the highest impact on evaluation anxiety and test anxiety. From the perspective of gender differences, English psychological scripts have the highest effect on improving the evaluation anxiety of boys, and the effect of improving test anxiety and evaluation anxiety of girls is the highest. From the perspective of professional differences, English psychological scripts have an average impact on the psychological pressure and anxiety of students majoring in Humanities and Social Sciences, while they have the highest impact on the interpersonal stress of students majoring in science and technology. The results of this research provide more reference value for college students’ English education and mental health improvement.