Counseling Perspective Research Articles

Abstract B096: Patient, Provider, and Advocate Perspectives on Factors that Impact Participation of Black Women in Breast Cancer Clinical Trials

Abstract Background: Black women are more likely to present with advanced stage disease and to die following a breast cancer (BC) diagnosis compared with women from other racial and ethnic groups. This persistent health inequity is in part driven by underrepresentation in clinical trials (CTs), as well as structural and social drivers of health. Multi-level factors impact patients’ decision to enroll on a cancer CT. Objective: The goal of the FOR ME (Fostering Opportunities in Research through Messaging and Education) study is to develop, optimize, and test a narrative web-based video intervention for Black women diagnosed with BC to promote shared decision making and CT participation. Here, we report findings from the development phase, wherein we engaged Black women with BC, oncologists and CT office staff, and cancer advocates. Our objective was to identify cross-cutting and unique themes concerning barriers and motivating factors to CT participation, intervention priorities, and to understand lived experiences to enhance authenticity and to inform video content. Methods: Guided by community engaged research approaches, we used multiple qualitative methods, including story circles and 1:1 interviews. We used thematic analysis and inductive and deductive coding approaches. Data analysis for each group followed the same approach: we annotated a subset of transcripts, compiled the annotations into a preliminary codebook, and conducted inter-coder reliability to improve quality and refine the codebook. Finally, we used Dedoose to analyze quotations and code co-occurrences, application frequencies, and relationships. We examined cross-cutting and unique themes during data collection and analysis. Results: In total, 38 Black women with BC participated in interviews and story circles, ranging in age from 27-75 years (M=59, SD =12); about 27% were currently receiving BC treatment and 27% had prior CT participation. Oncologists (n=16) and CT office staff (n=4) reported having on average 11.6 and 9.5 years of CT experience, respectively). Finally, 15 cancer advocates completed interviews, of whom 73% identified as Black women; 87% reported that the organization they were involved with connected patients to or provided education about CTs. Several cross-cutting themes were identified, including: 1) Acknowledgement of time, financial, and logistical burdens of CT participation; 2) The impact that current and historical racism, discrimination and mistreatment has had on CT enrollment for Black BC patients; 3) A lack of accessible CT information poses significant challenges for health literacy; and 4) Positive provider relationships and communication are important facilitators to CT participation. Conclusion: To promote health equity and participation in CTs among Black women with BC, interventions should consider multiple perspectives and prioritize addressing culturally sensitive patient-provider communication, shared decision-making, and patient empowerment. The information we learned will inform the development of a culturally tailored decision aid video. Citation Format: Leslie R. Carnahan, Eliza B. Cohn, Tigist Mersha, Neha Hippalgaonkar, Ryan Nguyen, Kauthar Salum, Ana Williams Waite, Christen Sandoval, Lolita Coleman, Beulah Brent, Paris Thomas, Paramjeet Khosla, Kent F. Hoskins, Vida Henderson. Patient, Provider, and Advocate Perspectives on Factors that Impact Participation of Black Women in Breast Cancer Clinical Trials [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 17th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2024 Sep 21-24; Los Angeles, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024;33(9 Suppl):Abstract nr B096.

Abstract C174: Examining cervical cancer screening rates among women living with HIV in Kajiado County, Kenya

Abstract Background: Kenyan women are disproportionately affected by HIV than their male counterparts, with a prevalence 5.5% compared to men whose prevalence is 2.9%. Women living with HIV (WLHIV) are more susceptible to cancer, in particular HPV-related cancers due to their immune-compromised status. In response, Kenyan Health Ministry recommends that women living with HIV (WLWH) be screened for cervical cancer annually by either visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) or visual inspection with Lugol’s iodine (VILI), cytology and testing for HPV once every two years. Objective: Examining the rate of cervical cancer screening among women living with HIV (WLWH) in Kajiado County in 2022. Methodology: The electronic health information system was used to abstract data for WLWH in Kajiado county with 57 antiretroviral (ART) facilities. However, our analysis accessed data from 38 facilities whose data is captured in the health information system. Authorized health care workers from the County were requested to abstract redacted data from the health information system. No personal identifiers were collected from the system as away of protecting the privacy of individuals and abiding with the Kenya’s data protection law. Authorization to access the county was obtained from the county’s department of health while ethical approval was obtained from Mount Kenya University’s Institutional Scientific and Ethics Review Committee. Results: In 2022, a total of 16,827 people living with HIV were enrolled for care at the 38 ART selected sites. 11,785 (70%) were women with an age range of 15 to 49 years. A total of 3342 WLWH, representing 28.36% of the target population, were screened by using VIA. Of those screened, 3240 (97%) tested negative, 78 (2.3%) had positive results while 24 (0.7%) had suspicious lesions. Conclusion: Our analysis shows low reach of cervical cancer screening with only 28.36% of the targeted women being screened in 2022. The only available testing method (VIA) is less robust as compared to cytology and HPV testing. Thus, cervical cancer screening is underutilized, and importantly the available screening suffers fromWe also found a gap in reporting of HPV testing in the county. We thus recommend implementation science with community engagement examining the barriers to cervical cancer screening and HPV testing as well as timely reporting from multistakeholder e.g., system, provider, patient, family and advocate perspectives. This multisectoral health system-services approach will better inform research, practice and policy for effective HPV-related cancer prevention and control to reduce cancer-related morbidity and mortality among WLWH,. Citation Format: Caren Kamau, MS, Alice Njoroge,MS, Francis Makokha,PhD, Kimlin Ashing,PhD. Examining cervical cancer screening rates among women living with HIV in Kajiado County, Kenya [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 17th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2024 Sep 21-24; Los Angeles, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024;33(9 Suppl):Abstract nr C174.

Using The Gerontological Imagination to Explore Suicide Among Older Adults: An Interdisciplinary Perspective for Professional Counselors

Using The Gerontological Imagination to Explore Suicide Among Older Adults: An Interdisciplinary Perspective for Professional Counselors

Ethical Issues in Treating Substance Use Disorders: Counselor Perspectives

ABSTRACT Ethical issues arise frequently in the treatment of substance use disorders (SUD). Counselors need guidance to navigate ethical dilemmas but receive limited training in resolving ethical issues. To narrow the gap between the ethical dilemmas counselors face and their training, this qualitative study assessed ethical issues that counselors encounter, how they resolve them, and desired training. We conducted qualitative individual interviews with 20 front-line counselors working in two SUD treatment programs, presenting brief vignettes that depicted the ethics code of the national organization representing SUD counselors. The interviews asked open-ended questions about how counselors dealt with issues and their ideas for future ethics training. All participants had encountered ethical dilemmas. Areas of concern included confidentiality and privacy, mandatory reporting, fairness/equity, client-counselor boundaries, tensions between workplace and client welfare, and meeting clients’ complex needs. Ways participants resolved ethical issues included consultations, using direct approaches to resolve ethical dilemmas, and commitment to providing client-centered care. Useful training in the workplace was sparse. Participants expressed needs for ongoing support to resolve workplace ethical dilemmas. Although the importance of ethical issues is widely acknowledged in treating SUD, this study underscores the need for ongoing and interactive training and supervision about ethical issues.

상담사의 범죄경력 가족 상담 경험에 대한 질적 연구

This study was conducted to examine the counseling experiences of professional counselors who participated in the Family Psychological Support Project conducted by the Gyeonggi Branch of the Korea Legal Protection and Welfare Corporation from 2022 to 2023, and to explore improvements and complementary points of the project from the perspective of professional counselors. The study was conducted among six counselors, five of whom were affiliated with Gyeonggi National University, and aimed to help provide more suitable and efficient programs and practical institutional support for criminal offenders and their families. The research method used a phenomenological research method that can reflectively analyze participants' experiences in terms of structure and subjectivity, and in the data analysis, iterative comparative analysis was applied to deeply explore the inner experience and define the meaning of a total of 633 consultations in 28 cases from 2022 to 2023. As a result of the research analysis, 57 semantic units were derived, which were grouped into 12 components, which were further categorized into 5 categories. Category 1. 'Feelings before participating in counseling' consisted of two components, 'Worry and curiosity about clients with special needs' and 'Challenging new types of clients', with three and two semantic units, respectively. Category 2. 'Difficulties and obstacles' consisted of four components: 'Limitations faced in the counseling process', 'Clients' insincere attitude to participate in counseling', 'Lack of family cooperation and support', and 'Difficulties due to the situation faced by the client', with seven, three, five, and three meaning units respectively. Category 3. 'Emotions felt while participating in the project' consisted of three components: 'Emotions felt in the counseling scene', 'Gratitude and regret for institutional support', and 'Activeness of support from the industrial complex', with 9, 2, and 4 meaning units, respectively. Category 4. 'Positive outcomes' consisted of two components, 'Positive changes in clients through counseling' and 'Capacity enhancement of counselors', with 7 and 3 meaning units, respectively. Category 5. 'Effective improvement direction of business' is 'business and counseling support area', which has a total of 1 component and 7 meaning units. Based on these findings, we discussed the improvements and deficiencies of the Family Psychological Support Project and made recommendations to provide more suitable and efficient programmes and practical institutional support for criminal offenders and their families.

"I was given PrEP, but had no privacy": Mystery shopper perspectives of PrEP counseling for adolescent girls and young women in Kisumu County, Kenya.

Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is being scaled up to prevent HIV acquisition among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) in Eastern and Southern Africa. In a prior study more than one-third of AGYW 'mystery shoppers' stated they would not return to care based on interactions with health providers. We examined the experiences of AGYW in this study to identify main barriers to effective PrEP services. Unannounced patient actors (USP/'mystery shoppers') posed as AGYWs seeking PrEP using standardized scenarios 8 months after providers had received training to improve PrEP services. We conducted targeted debriefings using open-ended questions to assess PrEP service provision and counseling quality with USPs immediately following their visit. Debriefings were audio-recorded and transcribed. Transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis to explore why USPs reported either positive or negative encounters. We conducted 91 USP debriefings at 24 facilities and identified three primary influences on PrEP service experiences: 1) Privacy improved likelihood of continuing care, 2) respectful attitudes created a safe environment for USPs, and 3) patient-centered communication improved the experience and increased confidence for PrEP initiation among USPs. Privacy and provider attitudes were primary drivers that influenced decision-making around PrEP in USP debriefs. Access to privacy and improving provider attitudes is important for scale-up of PrEP to AGYW.

Technology and Client Relationships: Juxtaposing Organizational & Addiction Counseling Perspectives

Technology and Client Relationships: Juxtaposing Organizational & Addiction Counseling Perspectives

Implementation Determinants of Problem-Solving Therapy Delivered by Near-Peer Lay Counselors for Youth Living with HIV in Botswana: Lay Counsellor Perspectives

AbstractAn evidence-based psychological intervention, known as Friendship Bench, for depression and anxiety was adapted among adolescents living with HIV (ALHIV) in Gaborone, Botswana, and renamed Safe Haven. The purpose of this study was to qualitatively describe the barriers and facilitators that influence the implementation of Safe Haven from the perspective of peer counselors delivering the intervention in Gaborone, Botswana. We conducted a secondary analysis using qualitative data from a pilot study to evaluate Safe Haven. Eight peer counselors participated in semi-structured interviews to describe their experiences with implementing Safe Haven during the pilot. We analyzed the interview data thematically using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research to guide theme development. We identified six barriers and two facilitators of Safe Haven implementation. The barriers were 1) client reticence and confidentiality concerns, 2) parent disapproval, 3) client accessibility, 4) counselor psychological wellbeing, 5) scheduling conflicts 6) limited financial resources for counselors. The facilitators were 1) peer delivery of counseling was deemed more acceptable among adolescents than counseling delivered by older adults, and 2) the counselors placed high value on the intervention. We found that parental disapproval and shared trauma among counselors and clients are key barriers that may negatively impact implementation outcomes such as sustainability and penetration. To improve accessibility of the intervention, peer counselors recommended implementation in school settings and to educate parents on mental health. Overall, the barriers and facilitators identified in our study can guide larger scale implementation of Safe Haven among ALHIV in resource-poor settings.

Marriage and Divorce: A Qualitative Study from the Perspective of Iranian Academic Experts, Counselors, and Clients

ABSTRACT Over the recent few years, divorce rates have increased steadily, and marriage rates have decreased in Iran, which highlights the necessity to study. Obviously, the unidimensional study is insufficient due to the complex nature of the issue. Therefore, the qualitative study was conducted through the grounded theory approach and a purposeful and theoretical sampling method and data collection through triangulation, including semi-structured interviews with academic experts, counselors, and young adult clients. The data were analyzed in a cyclical process using open, axial, and selective coding. Macro factors are not only known as the causes of marriage reduction and divorce increase; they also play a role as a double pressure of marital conflicts and some micro factors such as addiction and violence. Accordingly, in addition to considering the micro and macro factors, necessary to pay attention to their impacts and influence on each other systemically.

Relationship between aging anxiety and psychological well-being in middle-aged and older women: Focusing on the moderating effect of self-compassion

The purpose of this study is to examine the moderating effect of self-compassion in the relationship between aging anxiety and psychological well-being in middle-aged and older women. For this purpose, a survey was conducted with 359 women in their 40s or older, focusing on aging anxiety, self-compassion, and psychological well-being. The collected data were subjected to reliability analysis, frequency analysis, descriptive statistics analysis, correlation analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis. The results of this study are as follows. First, as a result of examining the correlation between the main variables of this study, aging anxiety was found to have a significant negative correlation with self-compassion and psychological well-being, and self-compassion was found to have a significant positive correlation with psychological well-being. Second, self-compassion was found to moderate the relationship between aging anxiety and psychological well-being in middle-aged and older women. Based on the above research results, the significance of this study is that it suggests implications from a Buddhist counseling perspective on promoting self-compassion among middle-aged and older women.

Adolescent Girls in Transitional Iranian Society from the Perspective of Counselors and Socio-Cultural Activists: A Thematic Analysis

ABSTRACT Adolescence is known as a sensitive and vulnerable period of human development. Given the sensitivity of this period for girls as future mothers and the importance of mental health in fulfilling the femininity and motherhood roles, it is required to attend to the psychological status of adolescent girls. Therefore, a thematic analysis-based study was conducted to explore the harms incurred to Iranian adolescent girls. The aim of this study was to discover the factors and themes that create and reveal social harm in adolescent girls. In so doing, in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 counselors and socio-cultural activists. Findings revealed that seven themes play a key role in the vulnerability of adolescent girls to social harm. Because of the interaction of six causal-contextual-intervening themes with the damaged self-esteem theme, adolescent girls are more exposed to social harms. These six themes include unresolved identity challenges, emotional challenges, lack of healthy satisfaction of natural needs, adolescent age incidences, family hits, and social misalignments. Therefore, we hope that specialists closely attend to enhancing the self-esteem of Iranian adolescent girls, besides improving their social, cultural, and family environment.

California provider and advocate perspectives about opportunities to optimize nutrition services and resources in the first 1000 days

AbstractBackgroundNutrition in the first 1000 days of life, from conception to age 2 years, plays a critical role in shaping offspring's physical and mental development, yet many families from underserved backgrounds suffer from nutrition inequity during this important stage of development. The objective of this study is to assess nutrition services and resources provided to families during the first 1000 days across diverse settings in California.MethodsA semistructured survey was disseminated to healthcare and educational providers who offer services to pregnant and/or postpartum women and children up to age 2 years. Perspectives about five domains of early‐life nutrition services and resources were assessed: (1) accessibility, (2) mode of content delivery, (3) content of messages, (4) breastfeeding support, and (5) professional development on early‐life nutrition. Mixed methodology was used to conduct descriptive and thematic analyses for closed and open‐ended survey questions, respectively.ResultsSurvey respondents (n = 148) worked in healthcare (37%), governmental (20%), community (20%), and childcare settings (23%). Over 60% primarily served low‐income families. Less than 9% reported that their organizations provide prenatal nutrition messaging about critical micronutrients required to support foetal neurodevelopment, highlighting an opportunity for professional development training in nutrition. Need for equitable access to nutrition education and resources by addressing Language, Income, Food resources, Time and Transportation (LIFTT) was a cross‐cutting theme that emerged.ConclusionProviders perceive a need to enhance LIFTT accessibility and improve delivery of early‐life nutrition‐related services for families in the first 1000 days by providing topic‐specific education and culturally responsive resources with consistent, evidence‐based messages.

Teori Konseling Psikoanalisis: Studi Literatur

Psychoanalytic Counseling is one of the counseling methods that uses psychiatric concepts to help individuals overcome psychiatric/mental/personality problems. The writing of this article discusses the theory of psychoanalytic counseling as a counseling method in solving problems faced by each individual. The method used in writing this article is a qualitative method using literature studies. Data collection by tracing, collecting, analyzing, and understanding data related to academic sources and related research. The final results of writing this article are (1) Historical Perspectives of Psychoanalytic Counseling, (2) Basic Concepts of Psychoanalytic Counseling, (3) Personality Development in Psychoanalytic Counseling, (4) Objectives of Psychoanalytic Counseling, (5) Processes of Psychoanalytic Counseling, (6) Relationship Situations of Psychoanalytic Counseling, and (7) Changing Mechanisms of Psychoanalytic.

Defences, Human Nature, and Spiritual Awakening: A Christian Counselling Perspective

This article delves into the intricacies of human defences in various domains, including the biological and psychological responses to protect oneself, and the abstract concept of sacrificing one’s life to uphold ethical, moral, religious, and spiritual values. While physical, psychological, and moral values have been attended to in counselling, regard for the religious and spiritual aspects is still developing. As the author writes from a Christian perspective, Christian faith and values are considered. It is posited that a study of human nature, as presented in the Christian Bible, can facilitate a profound comprehension of human defences. The paper scrutinizes the correlation between “human defences” and “Christian spirituality” through a Christian lens on human nature. Furthermore, it introduces the idea of “spiritual defence” and how it is related to a spiritual awakening.

Abstract 1000: Clinician and clinical trial staff perspectives on factors that impact enrollment of Black women in breast cancer trials

Abstract Background: Black women (BW) are more likely to present with advanced-stage disease and to die following a breast cancer (BC) diagnosis compared with women from other racial and ethnic groups, yet BW are underrepresented in BC clinical trials (CT). Clinicians and CT staff play a key role in patient participation in CT, however, there is limited data on their perspectives on facilitators and barriers for BW in BC trials. Objective: The goal of the FOR ME (Fostering Opportunities in Research through Messaging and Education) study is to develop, optimize, and test a decision-aid intervention (web-based video) for clinical care teams to use with BW who have been recently diagnosed with BC to promote shared decision-making and CT participation. We provide insight into the facilitators and barriers from clinicians and CT staff to effectively discuss and enroll BW in BC trials. The identified themes will be used to inform video content and dissemination strategies. Methods: Key informant interviews (KIIs) (n=20) were conducted by phone and video conferencing. Each KII was recorded and professionally transcribed. Thematic analysis and inductive coding approaches were used to analyze the data. First, a subset of transcripts was annotated, and then annotations were compiled into a preliminary codebook. Inter-coder reliability was established to improve quality and to establish the final codebook. Dedoose was used to analyze quotations and code co-occurrences, application frequencies, and relationships. Results: In total, 16 clinicians and 4 clinical trial staff across academic and community practices were interviewed. Participants expressed multiple opportunities and barriers to CT participation. Facilitators included formal training on communication around clinical trials among clinical trial staff, previous exposure to discussing and enrolling patients in CT during fellowships and other training, institutional support for CT databases, reviewing CTs during tumor boards, and the presence of dedicated research support staff. Barriers included a lack of formal training in communicating CT to patients among clinicians, lack of institutional investment in CT infrastructure, time constraints of clinical visits, and the clinician’s perception of the patient's willingness and ability to complete a CT. Conclusions: Clinicians and clinical trial staff have a unique and important role to play in CT participation for BW who have BC, however, there are barriers, including training, time, awareness of available trials, and institutional support. Clinical trial staff report formal training in communicating clinical trial information to patients, while there is a lack of this type of training for clinicians. Future research in the FOR ME study will integrate patient, clinician, care team, and advocate perspectives into a web-based decision aid. Citation Format: Christen Sandoval, Eliza Brumer Cohn, Leslie R. Carnahan, Vida Henderson, Tigist Mersha, Neha Hippalgaonkar, Joe Horowitz, Sarah Khan, Kauthar Salum, Ana Williams, Lolita Coleman, Beluah Brent, Anne Marie Murphy, Paris Thomas, Paramjeet Khosla, Kent Hoskins, Ryan Nguyen. Clinician and clinical trial staff perspectives on factors that impact enrollment of Black women in breast cancer trials [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 1000.

Knowledge, attitude, and practice of healthcare providers on chronic refractory cough: A cross-sectional study

ObjectivePrevious studies from outside China showed that the knowledge, attitudes, and practice (KAP) of chronic refractory cough (CRC) was moderate among physicians. This study examined the KAP toward CRC in Chinese healthcare providers. MethodsThis single-center cross-sectional study was conducted at The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, from July 2022 to January 2023 and enrolled healthcare providers. The demographic characteristics and KAP scores were collected using a questionnaire (Cronbach's α = 0.934) developed based on CRC guidelines. ResultsThe study included 539 healthcare providers. The mean knowledge score was 8.27 ± 2.37 (maximum of 14, 59.07%), indicating poor knowledge. The highest rates of inaccuracies pertained to knowledge about the definition of chronic cough, empirical treatment methods, and potential risks of different treatments, suggesting a need for unified training in all aspects of CRC for medical staff. The mean attitude score was 49.74 ± 63.63 (maximum of 60, 82.90%), indicating favorable attitudes. Most healthcare providers believed that CRC affects normal work and life and that it would be necessary to provide more help to patients from the perspectives of drug treatment and psychological counseling. The mean practice score was 23.20 ± 6.28 (maximum of 35, 66.29%), indicating poor practice. ConclusionThis study suggests that healthcare providers in Yancheng have poor knowledge, favorable attitudes, and poor practice of CRC. This study provides points that should be targeted in future training and continuing education activities.

Looking Back and Venturing Forth: Perspectives in Marriage and Family Counseling From a Content Analysis of The Family Journal

The Family Journal is a quarterly peer-reviewed professional journal that has undergone substantial changes in the last three years. A content analysis of the first 13 years of the journal (Southern, 2006) provided a context for understanding changes over time. The preliminary results of a pilot content analysis for 2023 (Volume 31, Issues 1–4) identified types and subtypes of published articles as well as categories, subcategories, and domains. The pilot testing refined categories and raised important issues for the ongoing content analysis. One of the major challenges involves the proliferation of international manuscripts and quantitative research designs. The mission of the journal is to balance theory, research, and practice for the predominantly clinical readership. The review concludes with some guiding questions for ongoing research and practice in marriage and family counseling.

Effects of Physical Activity and Coping Styles on Depression in Chinese College Students

The relationship between physical activity and cognitive coping is an important factor affecting depression in college students. A standardized questionnaire was used to investigate 976 16-23 year old single college students from a university in Hefei, Anhui Province, China. To analyze the relationship between physical activity, cognitive coping and depression in college students. Through the perspective of individual students, teachers and counselors, some guiding suggestions are put forward to improve the psychological condition of college students, and provide support for college students how to learn better, adapt to the society and have a healthier psychological condition. The results showed that there was significant correlation between cognitive coping and depression, physical movement and depression. The average depression scores of college students were significantly higher in female, senior, over 21 years old and Liberal arts than other groups. In the comparison of coping style scores among different groups, there are significant differences between Age and Grade. There are also significant differences in sex, Age, Grade and subject type in the comparison of physical activity scores of college students among different groups.

Issues, challenges, and future perspectives of genetic counseling in Republic of Korea: Perspectives of laboratory physicians based on a 2022 survey.

The field of genetic counseling (GC) in the Republic of Korea has evolved from a single medical doctor's clinic to a multidisciplinary service with medical geneticists and non-medical professionals working as a team. Here, we assessed the current status of GC in the Republic of Korea based on professional surveys from the perspective of laboratory physicians. An electronic survey was designed and conducted, with the respondents being 50 certified laboratory physicians who were members of the Korean Society for Genetic Diagnostics. Among the 50 respondents, 12 (24%) operated GC clinics. The number of sessions and cases of GC have been on the rise over the last few years, and counseling for cancer genetics was the most common request. Most respondents considered a good understanding of the genetic test and the ability to interpret the test results as strengths of laboratory physicians as medical geneticists, while the lack of clinical experience was a weakness. Education programs regarding laboratory physicians' needs should be provided for high-quality counseling. Lastly, improving the efficiency of GC by strengthening the workforce through a multidisciplinary team is necessary.

Theoretical Analysis and Strategy Research on Improving College Students’ Intimate Relationship from the Perspective of Group Counseling

Theoretical Analysis and Strategy Research on Improving College Students’ Intimate Relationship from the Perspective of Group Counseling