Personnel Structures Research Articles

EPROs in the routine care of a major oncology center: Results and experiences

To what extent and under what conditions electronically captured patient-reported outcomes (ePROs) can be used in routine medical care and contribute to improved patient care is a widely discussed question. In the field of oncology, few studies in Germany have focused this topic that go beyond the scope of time-limited studies. First, we present the centrally coordinated collection of ePROs in the routine care of a comprehensive cancer center of the German Cancer Aid in its development, and then describe its qualitative dimension. Subsequently, the intervention is discussed using the Consolidated Framework of Implementation Research. Since the implementation started in 2019, over 2,000 patients from the interdisciplinary outpatient clinic of the oncology center have been surveyed. The number of respondents varied between 19 and 65 per month. Over the five years of the reporting period, numerous adjustments have been made regarding content and usage purposes as well as technical and personnel structures. The consistent purpose of use was screening for supportive needs, initially related to psycho-oncology, later expanded to include sports therapy, smoking cessation programs, social and nutritional counseling. The instruments used varied accordingly; health-related quality of life and psychological stress were consistently surveyed. Successful use of ePROs in oncological routine care requires personnel and technical resources as well as a high degree of adaptability. In our case, the complexity of a centrally coordinated ePRO collection within an interdisciplinary cancer center is of particular importance. Path dependencies arising from initial decisions, such as the survey software, need to be considered during implementation. Reservations about the intervention and the importance of opinion leaders for successful deployment have been observed. External conditions such as the certification system of oncology centers in Germany proved to be another relevant factor. Overall, the analysis examines a segment of the ongoing digitization process of the hospital system directed towards needs-based, individualized patient care.

Learning outcome evaluation in manual assembly

Mass customization and shorter product life cycles are causing ever more variants in production, especially in manual assembly. At the same time, more diverse personnel structures are emerging due to demographic change and labor shortages. This is causing different challenges to production managers, e.g., competence gaps. To meet these challenges, learning in manual assembly becomes increasingly important. The design of the learning process can only be improved by checking whether the processes fulfill their purpose. Various learning evaluation measures are described in general vocational education and competence development, but it is hard to select the right one for the learning process. This paper shows a procedure, how learning evaluation measures can be selected, and how they can measure learning progress. For this, a test person study was conducted to compare different learning evaluation measures and show their usability and advantages in manual assembly. The results support making learning in assembly easier to apply and controllable. In the long term, feeding back the results improves the learning process design.

The Impact of Scientific Research Level on Financing for High-tech Enterprises in China: Machine Learning Analysis Based on the STAR Market

Amid the prevailing trend of technological supremacy, the scientific research level plays a pivotal role in elevating economic growth and national comprehensive strength. As crucial forces propelling industrial advancement and economic expansion, high-tech companies share an intricate relationship between scientific research level and enterprise strengths. This study delves into the influence of research level on the financing capacity of enterprises in the STAR market. It employs Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression and Gradient Boosting Regression Trees (GBRT) techniques to analyze data between 2019 and 2022. The findings underscore that patent research capabilities and research investment intensity are key factors impacting financing capacity. Specifically, patent quantity exhibits a negative correlation with Asset-liability ratio (ALR), while research investment intensity shows a positive correlation. On the other hand, patent quantity correlates positively with commercial credit financing (CCF) capacity, whereas the proportion of research personnel correlates negatively. The GBRT analysis further validates the significant impact which patent quantity and research investment have on financing capacity. This suggests that high-tech companies should focus on enhancing research efficiency and the proportion of research personnel, while also carefully considering the degree of emphasis on innovation. These measures can balance CCF and debt ratio considerations. The study provides essential decision-making insights for managers and investors of technology-driven firms, emphasizing the significance of technological innovation in business development. Also, it offers guidance for optimizing corporate development and personnel structures in the technology and innovation sectors.

Board's informal hierarchy: influences on enterprise innovation quality

PurposeUtilizing the expectation states theory in sociology, this study probes into the influence of the board's informal hierarchy on the quality of enterprise innovation, originating from the perspective of internal directorial interactions, while analyzing the boundary effects exhibited by the nature of property rights and the intensity of geo-culture.Design/methodology/approachThe study selects China's A-share listed companies from 2008 to 2021 as the research sample, employing the Tobit regression analysis method to scrutinize the hypotheses presented in the text.FindingsThe regression results demonstrate a positive correlation between the board's informal hierarchy and the enterprise innovation quality (EIQ). Upon introducing variables specific to property rights and geographical culture, the authors found that in comparison to non-state-owned enterprises (non-SOEs), the influence of the board's informal hierarchy on the quality of corporate innovation is diminished in SOEs. Conversely, the intensity of geo-culture across Chinese provinces enhances their mutual positive influence. In the additional analysis, the authors also found that the elevation of corporate risk tolerance is a significant pathway for the positive effect of the board's informal hierarchy on EIQ. Moreover, this positive influence is more profound in high-tech enterprises, businesses implementing equity incentive plans and companies that have subscribed to director and officer liability insurance.Originality/valueThe findings not only deepen the understanding of how the board's internal status characteristics influence corporate decision-making but also enrich the application scope of expectation states theory. Furthermore, this study offers valuable guidance for optimizing innovation decision-making by adjusting the personnel structures of corporate boards.

Personnel Regulation at the Secretariat of the Attorney Commission of the Republic of Indonesia

This study aims to examine the normativity of the Non-State Civil Apparatus in supporting the duties and functions of the Attorney Commission and analyze the Secretariat’s personnel normativity based on Ministerial Letter Number B/185/M.SM.02.03/2022. This study uses normative legal research with a statute approach. The collected legal material is then qualitatively analyzed to describe the problem and answer the study objectives. The results show that the Technical Service Division of the Secretariat provides adequate technical support for addressing the behavior and performance of 28,435 Prosecutors and the Attorney General’s Office personnel. Meanwhile, the existence of six Legal Product Analysts and two Office Administrative Staff as Non-State Civil Apparatus interacting directly with the Technical Service Division of the Secretariat becomes vulnerable due to Ministerial Letter Number B/185/M.SM.02.03/2022. This letter, restricting government personnel professions to only Civil Servants and PPPK, initiates a series of changes in human resource management targeted for completion by November 28, 2023. Therefore, Personnel Development Officers in the Coordinating Ministry and the Head of the Secretariat are recommended to promptly conduct a comprehensive evaluation of personnel structures and functions. Specifically, there need to be concrete steps to balance functional needs, such as increasing the number of personnel in the Secretariat. Furthermore, it is crucial to ensure the personnel transition for six Legal Product Analysts and two Office Administrative Staff so they can continue contributing where their personnel status does not conflict with Ministerial Letter Number B/185/M.SM.02.03/2022. Lastly, it would be prudent to implement a continuous evaluation mechanism, both in the short and long term, to monitor the effectiveness and efficiency of human resource management post-adaptation of the said policy.

Expectations of surgical residents for their residency training

The young generation of surgeons sets new requirements for educational and working conditions. This is frequently interpreted as alack of motivation to perform; however, instead there is aclaim for high-quality training with the aim of acquiring competence in the operative and perioperative setting as well as for responsible working time models. Aim of this article is to present expectations of surgical residents regarding residency training under current influencing factors, such as ahigh workload, the new training regulations or expected changes in the hospital landscape and to identify options for optimizing training and working conditions. In addition to an extensive literature search, this article is based on published opinions and survey results as well as lectures and discussions at congresses held in the past year. To ensure a modern high-quality education and to maintain enthusiasm for surgery, the need for adjustments and innovation must be recognized and long-requested modifictions to established structures must be implemented. Flexible working models, the structured and transparent implementation of surgical residency training and modern training units, long-term planning of training curricula and new personnel structures with an expansion of teaching and feedback culture are options for improvement.

Markov manpower planning models: a review

A manpower system is a network of individuals working together in an organisation for the purpose of achieving the common goal of the organisation. To ensure that the right number of individuals is available to meet the task to be performed by the organisation, manpower planning techniques are needed. This paper reviews the manpower planning literature with specific interest on manpower systems modelled within the Markov chain context. Markov chains provide a convenient framework to analyse the structural mechanisms that underlie social change, extrapolate shifts in the state distribution of the system, control personnel structures by framing optimal promotion and recruitment strategies, evaluate personnel policies, and deal with heterogeneity and uncertainty in the system configuration. This paper surveys these applications areas and highlights the methodological issues arising from varying the unit interval of the Markov manpower system in discrete time.

Mental health rehabilitation for children and adolescents in Austria

Mental health rehabilitation for children and adolescents was implemented in Austria from 2018 onwards based on arehabilitation plan from 2016. In the meantime, three rehabilitation centres have been set up and put into operation in 3different supply zones (East, North, South). An inquiry was made to the ÖGK for up-to-date figures regarding admission and diagnoses and astatement by the heads of the Austrian rehabilitation centres was used to document and critically analyse the implementation of mental health rehabilitation for children and adolescents in Austria on the basis of these data and facts and in the light of the previous plans. Atotal of 96treatment places were opened and put into operation in the three centres. The fourth center is scheduled to go into operation in 2022. With this, the bed rate will be in the calculated range, but well below the assumptions of the rehabilitation plan 2016. With regard to the structural quality criteria, in particular, the conceptualisation and calculation of personnel structures are not to be regarded as sufficient. The implementation of the 2016 rehabilitation plan was only partial, as only MHR TypeI centers were established. The use seems to be sufficient after three years of operation, whereby the diagnostic spectrum shows that children and adolescents with acute problems (stress disorders, depressive episode) were more likely to be cared for. Fortunately, the described mental health rehabilitation centers have gone into operation and have been well received. However, it should be noted that the original concept has been abandoned or reduced, that the structural quality and conceptualization should be reconsidered, and it is strongly recommended to implement the original concept.

Implications of Water Tariff Structures on Water Demand in Santa Cruz Island (Galapagos Archipelago)

The island of Santa Cruz, located in the Galápagos Archipelago has experienced a significant increase in tourism with consequent growth of the local population over the past two decades. The rapid increase in the number of hotels and restaurants raised pressure on the water demand needed to satisfy the customers’ needs. The municipality of Santa Cruz has not been capable of coping with current expansion rates in order to provide good quality water services. Financial constraints, limited personnel, and tariff structures are the main reasons that restrict the capacity of the Department of Potable Water and Sanitation (DPWS) to manage the water supply system. There are two main settlements on the island are Puerto Ayora and its suburb, Bellavista, with a total population of approximately 14,500 and independent water supply systems. Puerto Ayora has a fixed-priced tariff per month, for categories established by the municipality. On the other hand, Bellavista has a metered system, with fixed consumer costs Yet, approximately 32% of water meters are faulty. Consequently, water demand in these two settlements varies significantly, which is likely influenced by the difference in tariff structures. This manuscript assesses the difference in tariffs between the two settlements. Furthermore, the impacts on revenues due to faulty meters (Bellavista) and fixed tariffs (Puerto Ayora) are quantified. In addition, several scenarios have been developed and analyzed in order to examine the benefits. Finally, the information regarding overdue bills and willingness to pay by the different categories of users has been examined. Results show that the revenues from water supply vary extensively between the two settlements. Due to the fixed tariffs in Puerto Ayora, the estimated cost per cubic meter of water varies depending on the specific category and estimated quantities of water used. In the case of Bellavista, water meters should be managed better and have regular maintenance. The high percentage of faulty meters gives an extra deficit to the municipality.

Costs of Point-of-Care Viral Load Testing for Adults and Children Living with HIV in Kenya.

Background: The number of people living with HIV (PLHIV) in need of treatment monitoring in low-and-middle-income countries is rapidly expanding, straining existing laboratory capacity. Point-of-care viral load (POC VL) testing can alleviate the burden on centralized laboratories and enable faster delivery of results, improving clinical outcomes. However, implementation costs are uncertain and will depend on clinic testing volume. We sought to estimate the costs of decentralized POC VL testing compared to centralized laboratory testing for adults and children receiving HIV care in Kenya. Methods: We conducted microcosting to estimate the per-patient costs of POC VL testing compared to known costs of centralized laboratory testing. We completed time-and-motion observations and stakeholder interviews to assess personnel structures, staff time, equipment costs, and laboratory processes associated with POC VL administration. Capital costs were estimated using a 5 year lifespan and a 3% annual discount rate. Results: We estimated that POC VL testing cost USD $24.25 per test, assuming a clinic is conducting 100 VL tests per month. Test cartridge and laboratory equipment costs accounted for most of the cost (62% and 28%, respectively). Costs varied by number of VL tests conducted at the clinic, ranging from $54.93 to $18.12 per test assuming 20 to 500 VL tests per month, respectively. A VL test processed at a centralized laboratory was estimated to cost USD $25.65. Conclusion: POC VL testing for HIV treatment monitoring can be feasibly implemented in clinics within Kenya and costs declined with higher testing volumes. Our cost estimates are useful to policymakers in planning resource allocation and can inform cost-effectiveness analyses evaluating POC VL testing.

Labour in the Board and Good Work: How to Measure and Evidence From GermanyDate submitted: December 18, 2019Date accepted after double-blind review: May 3, 2021

Can board-level co-determination promote Good Work? Good Work can be characterised by fair income, job security, opportunities for personal development, low stress and misuse, and high-quality work equipment. Good Work is not easy to measure, in part since it has a subjective aspect. For this reason, the indicators used in this paper are derived from data on corporate and personnel structures that are supportive of Good Work. Supplementing the numerous studies that exist on the impact of works councils on Good Work, this paper highlights how board-level co-determination can also have a strong positive influence. The paper uses data from the co-determination index (Mitbestimmungsindex), a new and innovative indicator that measures the extent to which co-determination is institutionally embedded within firms. Three examples illustrate the impact of board-level co-determination on Good Work: first, on the linking of elements of Good Work with the remuneration of directors in a highly co-determined corporation; second, on the independence of the member of the management board responsible for the personnel department; and third, on the level of vocational training in the companies.

Personnel and human resource management specifics of basketball clubs

The article aims to explore and present the personnel structures and human resource management specifics of basketball clubs from four post-transitional South-East European countries. First, the author presents the post-transitional context, by conducting analyses of variance ant t-tests highlights the differences between clubs at different quality levels regarding financing and the degree of professionalization, and describes the implications on the personnel structures. The second part analyzes the impact of various stakeholders on human resource management processes, and in that context presents the head coach’s role in observed basketball clubs. The findings show the higher quality clubs have better infrastructure, larger financial budgets and obtain higher percentage of funds from private sources. First-division clubs are more professionalized and have larger administrative organizational parts compared to their second and third division counterparts. The largest share of responsibility for organizational performance is on head coaches, athletes, and clubs' presidents. The sporting directors’ influence on human resource management related decisions and their responsibility for the performance increase, while the influence of the clubs' presidents decreases with the quality of division. Finally, sponsors' representatives and athletes’ agents are also relatively more influential in higher-ranked clubs.

Digitization in the German Health Care System - An Analysis of the Status Quo Using the Example of the Dental Sector

According to the Federal Ministry of Economics and Energy, the German healthcare industry is growing faster than the economy as a whole but is regularly far behind compared to the rate of digitalization. Nonetheless, the healthcare industry offers great potential for digital applications. The brief overview at hand uses the example of treatment and cost plans in the dental field to illustrate the state of digitalization in the German health care system.
 The primary goal is to examine whether it is possible to transfer the principle of electronic data medium exchange for hospital settlements and the associated electronic data processing to the transmission of treatment and cost plans in the dental field. Anselstetter's (1984) expertise is fundamentally used to evaluate the benefits of electronic data processing and to a treatment and cost plan under critical evaluation. In order to determine relevant benefit effects for health insurance funds and dentists, a transfer and processing form of the treatment and cost plan is used based on a generated model.
 Applying this model can assist health insurance funds to identify effects regarding time, personnel reduction, and more efficient use of existing personnel structures. It also provides health insurance companies and dentists with an overview of the possible benefits of electronic data transmission and processing. Nonetheless, one of the problems is that it is not possible to calculate the expected costs due to the lack of empirical examinations. Consequently, a detailed cost- benefit evaluation of an electronic transmission and processing of the treatment and cost plans is unfeasible.

Profesionalizacija kroz dalje obrazovanje - međunarodno poređenje neformalnih obrazovnih programa za nastavnike u obrazovanju odraslih

Professionalism is a core topic in international discourse on adult education. Its importance is due not least to the need for professional self-assurance given the heterogeneity of the field of adult education, which is characterised not only by a wide range of working conditions, employment forms and responsibilities but also by the different qualifications and professional backgrounds of adult educators. Therefore, further education programmes for adult educators could be one important pillar in the professionalisation of adult education. At the same time, however, heterogeneous personnel structures make the seemingly simple question of further education for adult educators increasingly complex. While at the international level there is particular emphasis on professionalisation by means of academic degree programmes, the focus of the present paper is on non-formal further education for adult educators. It compares similarities and differences using country-specific examples of non-formal further education programmes for adult educators and seeks to explain them. The results are obtained using an international comparative research methodology. The cases (non-formal programmes) from Latvia, Brazil, Germany and Nigeria are examined by focusing on their target groups, structures, content and aims. The degree to which they are embedded in specific organisational and institutional structures and (national) policies also plays a role. The starting point for a critical reflection is the question: How can non-formal further education programmes contribute to the individual professionalisation of adult educators?

ÖZERK MALİ OTORİTELER VE ÇEŞİTLİ ÜLKE UYGULAMALARI: TÜRKİYE İÇİN OLASI BİR ÇIKARSAMA

In the study, information is provided about the general characteristics of the formations named “financial council”, “financial court” and “parliamentary budget offices”, which has been active since the past in some of the developed countries, especially in the European countries after the 2008 - 2009 Global Contraction process, and becoming common also in developing countries. United States, Sweden and Slovenia being examined under separate headings and for Turkey evaluations are made such a possible formation should have in the context of the innovations brought by Law No. 5018 on Public Financial Management and Control. In parallel with the changes in the fiscal policy, autonomous structures are becoming widespread along with numerical rules and some general expectations are brought up, although they do not show full homogeneity. In particular, their budgets, personnel structures, procedures for appointment of senior management and term of office are considered as key elements for these structures. Although their organization and functions are different, the legitimacy of their existence, especially in terms of democratic culture, is closely related to these characteristics. Even though they are named by different names, it is seen that these dominant features are taken into consideration especially in developed countries during the establishment stages. Turkey also made innovations in the area of fiscal policy and continue to try, though in terms of financial rules and structures must take into account some basic features

Applying ABC system for calculating cost price of hospital services case study: Beheshti hospital of Hamadan

Introductionactivity based costing (ABC) is an accounting method that allows organizations such as hospitals to determine costs based on the resources they consume. This method is a new and more effective cost system. In this study, ABC method was used for calculating cost price of radiology services in Beheshti hospital of Hamadan. MethodThis cross-sectional study was performed in 2015. The statistical population was the diagnostic imaging department of Beheshti hospital in Hamadan University of medical sciences. The required data was collected through information forms, and the price was calculated by using Activity-Based Costing model. To apply ABC method, the hospital was divided into several cost centers and five cost categories were defined: wage, equipment, space, material, and overhead costs. Then activity centers were defined. Resultsthe highest costs were for human resources (65.2%) and the lowest ones for energy conduits costs (0.4%). According to the obtained results the total cost of the support sector in Beheshti Hospital during the study period was 64,091,093,852 IRR. ConclusionBy utilizing ABC, hospital managers have a valuable accounting system that provides a true insight into the organizational costs of their department. The results of this study indicated that there are differences between the real price of radiology services and approved tariffs. Suggest until tariff amending, hospital commence to modify financial and personnel structures and repair its costs.

Simulation Analysis of Alternative Personnel Structures in the Shipping Division of a Tinplate Manufacturer

In the shipping division of a tinplate manufacturer, alternatives of assigning employees to activities should be examined: a personnel structure where an employee can perform any job or just one type of activity (universalists versus specialists). The aim of the first project stage was to check whether the actual situation can be improved by further qualification measures. A simulation model was developed to analyze different qualifications of the employees and load scenarios of the shipping division. Various difficulties arose due to different shipping materials (coils with horizontal or vertical axis, and panels) and different types of loading (truck, wagon, ship, container). Furthermore, modeling was hampered by fuzzy descriptions of work processes and the lack of time data. For these reasons, the model had to simplify reality. After validating the simulation model based on historical order data, predicted load scenarios were then assumed for the actual investigation. The deployment of specialists led to only minor deterioration in wagon and truck loading, and on the other hand, the lead times of ship and container loading were reduced. However, the universalists approach was accompanied by an increase in lead times for all types of shipping. Therefore, the recommendation was derived to work towards a stronger specialization in future personnel development. In a second project stage, the influence of working time systems on employees’ work-life balance was examined. The statistical analysis showed different effects with regard to the target criteria, but the results were only valid for the regarded shipping division.

ЗАСАДНИЧІ ІМПЕРАТИВИ СУЧАСНИХ ПІДХОДІВ ДО УПРАВЛІННЯ ПЕРСОНАЛОМ

Theoretical questions concerning the basic, modern approaches on the basis of digital economy, practice of application of IT - technologies are investigated. The enterprise is studied as a complex system object. The application of the principles and methods of systems approach and systems analysis allows to study economic information in various aspects. It is noted that an essential component of ensuring effective management of the enterprise as a whole is effective personnel management. The use of the basic provisions of the digital economy allows the introduction of information and analytical monitoring of the processes taking place in the enterprise. There is a close connection with the general approach to the organization of analytical work at the enterprise, technical support, qualification of employees. The ultimate goal of improving personnel management structures is to increase the efficiency of management as a whole. An essential component of ensuring effective personnel management is the availability of information tracking of the processes taking place in the enterprise. The directions of development and expansion of possibilities of digital economy in the personnel management system are allocated. One of the important tasks of improving effective personnel management is the search for effective methods of evaluating existing personnel management structures. Thanks to the application of digital economy on the basis of the current information-analytical system of enterprise activity – economic activity of the enterprise, to compare them with macroeconomic indicators on branch and national economy. Differences between enterprises in the economic state and the structure of personnel management determine the need to process methodological materials, on the basis of the digital economy, in order to more fully identify the specific features of economic processes.

Abstract TP406: Mapping Stroke Team Network Structure and Function to Enhance Acute Stroke Care Quality Improvement Efforts

Background: Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) clinical outcomes are time-dependent and are influenced by the organization and capability of the care delivery system. The focus of stroke care quality improvement has emphasized process and procedure. Integrating a systematic assessment of the structure and inter-dependencies of the stroke care team members has the potential to enhance the understanding of the overall function of the team and strengthen existing quality improvement efforts. Objective: Describe a multi-modal quality improvement approach consisting of process/clinical outcome measures, workflow analysis and personnel structure mapping of acute stroke care teams. Method: Key site-specific hospital characteristics, including the variability of stroke treatment processes of individual teams, were identified. A critical path analysis was created based on a standard acute stroke care process model. Stroke care team structures and inter-dependencies were mapped based on the responses to a short survey and the responses were analyzed using open source network analytic software (Gephi). Analysis results were interpreted in context of the characteristics of the hospital units. Results: The care team personnel structures were overlayed on the stroke care process pathways to create a final synthesis of the process and team structure ( (Example in figure below). Critical path analyses combined with previously unidentified opportunities to strengthen the individual team member interactions were linked to process/clinical outcomes. Opportunities for site-specific improvement in both process and personnel organization and communication were identified. Case studies will be presented. Conclusion: A clinical microsystems analytic approach that includes formal site-specific representations of the care team structure is feasible and provides a valuable addition to process analysis for quality improvement programs.

Information Environment of Preschool Educational Institutions

The paper considers the elements of the information environment of preschool educational institutions by the example of the Ulyanovsk region. The article describes the interconnected system of factors that includes qualified personnel, logistics support, methodological basis, and management structures that affect the development of the information environment of kindergartens. On the assumption of the specificity and character of the pedagogical activity of education, and the didactical potential of information technologies, the structural-content components of teachers’ preparation for the use of information technologies at preschool educational institutions are distinguished and substantiated. In addition, the paper studies the personnel policy, logistics and methodological basis of Russian kindergartens, and concludes that the efficient development of the information environment in kindergartens requires managing structures, the functions whereof would include information-methodological support of teachers.