Personality Belief Questionnaire-Short Form Research Articles

Dysfunctional personality beliefs and psychopathology in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy

To assess dysfunctional personality beliefs associated with specific personality disorders (PD), as well as psychopathological symptoms and psychological distress levels in central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) patients. This cross-sectional study included acute and chronic CSC patients and age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers. Dysfunctional personality beliefs and psychopathological symptoms assessed with Personality Belief Questionnaire-Short Form and Symptom Check List-90 Revised (SCL-90-R), respectively, were compared between CSC patients and healthy volunteers and between acute and chronic CSC patients. Of the 55 CSC patients included in the study analysis, 21 (38.2%) had acute and 34 (61.8%) chronic CSC. Avoidant PD (13.92±3.79 vs. 12.03±3.98, P=0.012) and obsessive-compulsive PD (13.94±3.95 vs. 12.27±3.75, P=0.025) scores on the PBQ-SF were significantly higher in CSC patients than in healthy volunteers. The PBQ-SF scores were similar between acute and chronic CSC patients. CSC patients scored significantly higher on the general severity index (GSI) and all symptom dimensions except phobic anxiety and psychoticism on the SCL-90-R. In addition, scores for obsessive-compulsive, depression, interpersonal sensitivity, paranoid ideation, and GSI were significantly higher in acute than in chronic CSC patients. This first study investigating the relationship between CSC and dysfunctional personality beliefs indicates that CSC patients have higher levels of dysfunctional beliefs related to avoidant and obsessive-compulsive PD than healthy volunteers. These findings present a new aspect of the personality profile of CSC patients and point to a target for intervention, i.e., dysfunctional beliefs, through a cognitive-psychiatric approach.

Examination of Psychotic-like Experiences in Men Applying for Gun License

Firearms are among the leading causes of injury and death and are an important public health problem concerning mortality and morbidity. This study aims to examine psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) in individuals who apply for a gun license (GL) and investigate personality traits and impulsiveness that may be associated with PLEs in these individuals. The GL group comprised 130 individuals, and the control group comprised 60 individuals. Personality Belief Questionnaire-Short Form (PBQ-SF), Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences Scale-Positive Dimension (CAPE-P), Barrat Impulsiveness Scale-11 (BIS-11), Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, and Sociodemographic Data Form were used for analyzes. CAPE-P score did not differ between the GL and control groups. In the GL group, the regression analyses found a statistically significant relationship between the change in the CAPE-P score and, PBQ-SF Antisocial score and BIS-11 score. Evaluations for gun licenses are made cross-sectionally. Individuals try to show themselves well since the person's motivation is to obtain GL. In addition, evaluations are made based on the person's statement. Revising the laws on armament all over the world and in our country, increasing interventions to reduce individual armament, creating information and training programs for the society about the problems that can be caused by individual guns, increasing the efforts to prevent the illegal supply of guns, and ensuring that psychiatric evaluation can be made more longitudinally during GL recruitment can reduce individual armament and related problems in the world. It should also be noted that the problems that PLEs can potentially create in society also apply to gun license holders.

Kişilik Bozukluğu İnançlarında Savunma Mekanizmaları ve Bağlanma Biçimlerinin Rolünün Klinik ve Klinik Olmayan Örneklemlerde Incelenmesi

Attachment styles, defense mechanisms, and the underlying personality disorders’ personality beliefs are considered to be closely related to psychopathology. The aim of this study is to compare the scores of attachment styles, defense mechanisms, and personality beliefs variables in a non-clinical group and a clinical group diagnosed with depression, obsessive-compulsive, and anxiety disorder and to examine the relationships between these variables. A total of 178 participated in the study, 59 of which were in the clinical group and 119 in the nonclinical group. The Personality Belief Questionnaire-Short Form (PBQ-SF), The Defense Style Questionnaire-40 (DSQ-40), and Relationship Scales Questionnaire (RSQ) were applied to the participants. Avoidant, dependent, passive-aggressive, obsessive-compulsive (OC), antisocial, schizoid, paranoid, and borderline personality belief scores were found to be higher in the clinical group, while mature defense scores were significantly higher in the nonclinical group. On the other hand, there was no difference between the two groups in terms of attachment styles. According to multiple linear regression analysis results, attachment styles and defense mechanisms predicted personality disorder beliefs in the range of 19.5% to 33.5% for the clinical group and 22.7% to 46.9% for the nonclinical group. In conclusion, the findings suggest that attachment styles and defense mechanisms may contribute to the understanding of the etiological causes of personality disorders and may be helpful in the treatment of personality disorders.

A borderline personality assessment for adolescents: Validity and reliability of the Chinese languages borderline personality features scale (short form version) for adolescents/children.

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by behavioral patterns that promote suffering in many adolescents and their guardians. Currently, early diagnosis of BPD mainly depends on the effective assessment of pathological personality traits (i.e., borderline personality features) and using the indicated scales. The Borderline Personality Features Scale for Children-Short Form (BPFSC-SF) is widely used and the introduction of a Chinese version of the BPFSC-SF, can improve the diagnosis and prognosis of Chinese patients with BPD. The aim of the present study was to assess the validity and reliability of the Chinese version of the BPFSC-SF. 120 adolescents with BPD were enrolled in the present study and completed the BPFSC-SF and the Personality Belief Questionnaire-Short Form (PBQ-SF) assessments. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to test assessment validity. Test-retest correlations and the Cronbach's α coefficients were used to determine reliability. CFA analysis identified primary factors of BPFSC, with each item ranging from 0.597~0.899. The Spearman rank correlation coefficient was 0.877 between CL-BFSFC-SF and the state vs. trait loneliness scale. The Cronbach's α of the scale was 0.854 in the clinical group. The test-retest reliability correlation coefficient (interclass correlation coefficients.ICC) was 0.937. The Chinese version of BPFSC-SF is a valid and reliable tool for adolescent Chinese patients with BPD.

Borderline, Narcissistic, Obsessive-Compulsive and Schizoid Personality Disorder Beliefs and Their Effects on Anxiety and Depression Levels in Inpatients with Covid-19

Aim/Background: Mental-health problems among coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) inpatients is an underinvestigated issue. The study reported herein was conducted to assess obsessive-compulsive, borderline, schizoid and narcissistic personality disorder beliefs and the influence of these dysfunctional beliefs on the anxiety and depression levels of COVID-19 inpatients. Methods: A total of 75 COVID-19 inpatients were recruited for the study. Their anxiety and depression levels were evaluated using Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the aforementioned personality disorder beliefs were evaluated using Personality Belief Questionnaire-Short Form. Results: According to the cut-off values, 9.3% (n = 7) of the inpatients were considered having anxiety and 34.7% (n = 26) were considered having depression. The mean scores for obsessive-compulsive, schizoid, borderline and narcissistic personality disorder beliefs were 15.1 ± 6.2, 12.9 ± 6.0, 10.0 ± 5.5 and 9.4 ± 5.6, respectively. The anxiety levels of the female inpatients were significantly higher than those of the male inpatients (z = 2.152; p = 0.031). The inpatients’ borderline personality disorder belief scores were significantly correlated with their anxiety levels (r = 0.390; p = 0.001). Conclusion: The study participants’ obsessive-compulsive personality disorder beliefs were higher than their other aforementioned personality disorder beliefs. Female gender and borderline personality disorder beliefs were found to be related with anxiety level. The influence of these factors should be considered in the evaluation of COVID-19 inpatients in daily clinical practice.

Social Media Addiction in Young Adult Patients with Anxiety Disorders and Depression.

Although the relationship between social media addiction (SMA) and mental health is bidirectional, there have been very few attempts to investigate patients with depression or anxiety disorders in terms of SMA. The first aim of this study is to determine whether young adult patients diagnosed with depression or anxiety disorders have a tendency to become addicted to social media. The second aim of the study is to examine the effects of 6 DSM-based personality traits (dependent, histrionic, narcissistic, obsessive-compulsive, borderline, and paranoid) that commonly coexist with these disorders on SMA. This study was carried out with 276 participants between the ages of 18 and 35 in the Psychiatry Outpatient Clinic in Gazi University Hospital, Turkey. Seventy-three patients diagnosed with depression, 80 patients diagnosed with anxiety disorders, and 123 healthy controls were recruited for the study. The SMA Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the Personality Belief Questionnaire-Short Form were administered to the participants. Patients with anxiety disorders (PAD) and patients with depression (PD) were more addicted to social media than healthy controls (HC) despite similar frequencies of social media use. Dependent, histrionic, narcissistic, obsessive-compulsive, borderline, and paranoid personality features in HC increased the susceptibility to SMA. Borderline and dependent personality features comorbid with PAD increased the susceptibility to SMA. None of the personality traits comorbid with PD had an effect on SMA. The present study will serve as a base for future studies which explore factors that can make PAD or PD more vulnerable to SMA.

Coping with the Antecedents of a Violent Episode Explains More Variance than Coping with the Violent Episode: Support for Event-Based Approaches to Violence

The effects of intimate partner violence (IPV) impact victims more negatively than perpetrators. However, as current intervention programs do not provide satisfactory solutions to the problem, there is a growing need for interventions based on novel approaches. In this study, the relationships between proximal antecedents, violence victimization, coping, and psychological symptoms were examined, focusing on the “hot moment” of IPV. The study sample consisted of 205 married women who were victims of IPV. Data were collected using the Revised Conflict Tactics Scale, the Proximal Antecedents to Violent Episodes—Victim Form, the Intimate Partner Violence Strategies Index, the Brief Symptom Inventory, the Personality Belief Questionnaire–Short Form, the Two Dimension Social Desirability Scale, and a demographics form. The results revealed that proximal antecedents concerning interaction disagreements significantly predicted both IPV and psychological symptoms after controlling for pathological personality beliefs. They positively preceded violence via interactions with post hoc planned coping strategies. The results also revealed that the temporal conceptualization of coping should occur before IPV following the occurrence of proximal antecedents, offering a new look at the victimization process. This perspective provides a delicate synthesis of event-based behaviorist perspectives of IPV explanations and survivor theory for coping with IPV.

The role of personality traits on mode of delivery

Purpose The aim of this study is to understand the motives behind CS requests in nulliparous women in their late pregnancy better and to investigate if specific personality traits affect the maternal decision on mode of delivery. Material and Method This prospective study was conducted with 70 healthy, nulliparous parturient with singleton pregnancies. Women at their 28–32. weeks of gestation were asked to fill a socio-demographic data form and the questionnaires; Personality Belief Questionnaire – Short Form (PBQ-SF) and The Childbirth Attitudes Questionnaire (CAQ). After delivery, all the results of pre-filled questionnaires and women’s mode of delivery were analyzed and compared. Results There were significant differences in personality types; dependent (p = 0.033), passive-aggressive (p = 0.031), obsessive-compulsive (p = 0.001), antisocial (p = 0.014), narcissistic (p = 0.014) and borderline (p = 0.014) between vaginal delivery and CS groups. The CAQ scores of the mothers who requested CS were significantly higher (p:0.007). Weak but significant positive relation was found between total CAQ scores and avoidant (p = 0.022), dependent (p = 0.034), passive-aggressive (p = 0.040), narcissistic (p = 0,006), schizoid (p = 0.007), paranoid (p = 0.007) and borderline (p = 0.007) personality types. Conclusion This is the first study that investigates the relationship between mode of delivery and personality traits according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) and cognitive behavioral perspective in the literature. These personality traits can be carried at a level that is not clinically significant to create an obvious pathology, yet they might play a role as the motives behind the apparent reasons for women who request CS. Understanding women’s motives and attitudes for childbirth during their pregnancy may help healthcare providers to tailor women’s approach to childbirth to avoid unnecessary CS.

Personality Beliefs in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: How Are They Related to Symptom Severity?

Objective The comorbidity of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and personality disorders (PDs) is frequent but there are conflicting findings about which PDs are the most common. This study aimed to investigate the personality beliefs that exist on a more pathological level among OCD patients, to explore the association between personality beliefs and OCD severity, and to clarify the mediator effect of depression in this relationship. Methods 202 OCD patients and 76 healthy controls with similar sociodemographic features were included in the study. The Personality Belief Questionnaire-Short Form was administered to both groups. The Yale-Brown Obsessions and Compulsions Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, and the Beck Anxiety Inventory were administered only to the clinical sample. Results The dependent, histrionic, paranoid, borderline, and avoidant personality subscale scores were significantly higher in the OCD group than in the control group. There was an association only between OCD severity and narcissistic personality beliefs, also depression mediated the relationship between narcissistic personality and OCD severity. Conclusion Some personality beliefs at a pathological level are more common among OCD patients. Personality beliefs, as well as depression, should be routinely assessed, as they may affect OCD severity, help-seeking behavior, and response to treatment.

Development and Validation of the Online Histrionic Personality Scale (OHPS) Using the DSM-5 Criteria for Histrionic Personality Disorder

The present study evaluated personality presentation in online environments in terms of histrionic personality. The aim of the study was to develop the Online Histrionic Personality Scale (OHPS). The OHPS was developed using the diagnostic criteria for histrionic personality disorder (HPD) in the DSM-5 and assesses histrionic behavior in online environments. The present study comprised 381 university students (219 females and 162 males) from four different samples. The validity of the OHPS was investigated utilizing exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and criterion validity. As a result of the EFA, a single-factor structure with an eigenvalue of 3.850 was found and accounted for 48.12% of the total variance. This one-dimensional structure was tested with CFA in two different samples. CFA results show that OHPS had an acceptable fit. The criterion validity of the OHPS was examined with the Desire for Being Liked Scale (DBLS) and the Histrionic Personality Belief subscale of the Personality Belief Questionnaire-Short Form (PBQ-STF). Analysis showed that the OHPS was significantly associated with desire for being liked (r = .65, p < .01) and histrionic personality beliefs (r = .70, p < .01). The reliability of the OHPS was evaluated with Cronbach’s α internal consistency reliability coefficient and corrected item total correlation coefficient in three different samples. The Cronbach α internal consistency coefficients of the OHPS were .84 (EFA sample), .88 (CFA sample), and .88 (criterion validity sample). Corrected item total correlation coefficients of OHPS ranged from .53 to .62 in the EFA sample, .47 to .78 in the CFA sample, and .52 to .76 in the criterion validity sample. The distribution of data was examined with floor and ceiling effects in three different samples. Finally, the standard error of measurement (SEM) was calculated in three different samples. There were no floor and ceiling effects in the data, and the SEM values were within acceptable limits. When validity and reliability analyses of the OHPS are considered as a whole, it is concluded that the OHPS is a valid and reliable scale that assesses online histrionic personality among university students.

Histrionic Personality, Narcissistic Personality, and Problematic Social Media Use: Testing of a New Hypothetical Model

In the present study, a hypothetical model examining the relationships between histrionic personality belief, need for social approval, desire for being liked, social media disorder, and narcissistic personality belief was proposed and tested. The effect of histrionic personality belief on the need for social approval and desire for being liked was tested first. Then the effect of the need for social approval and desire for being liked on social media addiction were tested. Finally, the effect of social media addiction on narcissistic personality belief was tested. The present study comprised 305 adolescents (165 girls and 140 boys) and they were administered the Personality Belief Questionnaire-Short Form, Need for Social Approval Scale, Desire for Being Liked Scale, and Social Media Disorder Scale. Before the proposed hypothetical model was tested, each latent variable was tested with measurement models to determine if it could be used in structural models. Findings demonstrated that histrionic personality belief positively affected the need for social approval and desire for being liked. The need for social approval and desire for being liked positively affected social media addiction. Finally, social media addiction positively affected narcissistic personality belief.

Social media use and personality disorders

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between personality disorders and social media use. Methods: Five hundred and ten university students participated in the study. Personality Belief Questionnaire-Short form was used to assess DSM-based personality disorder symptoms and Social Media Disorder Scale was used to determine addictive use of social media. In addition, daily usage of social media, frequency of taking and sharing selfies were examined using a questionnaire created by the authors. Results: Participants with high levels of Social Media Disorder demonstrated higher levels of avoidant, dependent, antisocial, histrionic, paranoid and borderline personality features compared to those with low levels of social media disorder. Results of multivariate analyses showed that addictive use of social media, daily duration of social media use and frequency of selfie sharing were positively predicted by histrionic personality features and female gender. Furthermore, selfie taking was predicted only by narcissistic personality features. Conclusion: This study indicates that histrionic personality features may be risk factors for addictive use of social media.

A Study on The Validity and Reliability of The Personality Belief Questionnaire-Short Form in Turkish Community Sample

Objective: This study aims to test psychometric properties of The Personality Belief Questionnaire-Short Turkish Form (PBQ-STF) in the community sample and to determine the validity and reliability of the Borderline Personality Disorder subscale, which was not included in the previous Turkish adaptation studies. Method: PBQ-STF was administered to a sample of 650 participants (in the age range of 18-66 years, 362 women (55.7%) and 288 men (44.3%)). Test-retest reliability was applied on a group of 30 person from sample with interval four weeks. For testing convergent validity, Beck Depression Inventory (n=108), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (n=100) and Dysfunctional Attitude Scale (n=108) were also employed. Results: Cronbach’s alpha values varied between .70-.84. Test-retest reliabilities were .77-.90. PBQ-SF’s all subscales were correlated each other positively. In the exploratory factor analysis (EFA), PBQ-STF subscales revealed two factors explained 70,89% of the total variance. In the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), it was seen adaptive statistical values of scale were at acceptable/agreeable level. Conclusion: According to the results obtained from the analyzes made, it was determined that PBQ-STF has strong psychometric evidence and is a reliable and valid scale that can be used in evaluating personality beliefs.

PROPIEDADES PSICOMÉTRICAS DEL PBQ-SF EN SU VERSIÓN EN ESPAÑOL, EN POBLACIÓN URUGUAYA

El objetivo principal de esta investigación fue la realización de un estudio preliminar de las propiedades psicométricas del Personality Beliefs Questionnaire –Short Form (PBQ-SF, Beck y Beck, 1991) en su versión validada al contexto colombiano por Londoño, Calvete y Palacio (2012). El cuestionario evalúa las creencias disfuncionales de personalidad asociadas a los trastornos de personalidad: antisocial, narcisista, histriónico, límite, dependiente, evitativo, obsesivo-compulsivo, pasivo-agresivo, paranoide y esquizoide. Se administró en una muestra no clínica de 523 estudiantes universitarios uruguayos de Montevideo. Los resultados muestran una buena consistencia interna, así como una asociación significativa entre las escalas. En el análisis factorial exploratorio (AFE) se obtuvo un acercamiento a la estructura factorial original, encontrándose más similitudes que diferencias. Asimismo, se asentaron las bases para la ejecución de un futuro análisis factorial confirmatorio de la técnica.

Psychometric properties and structural validity of the short version of the personality beliefs questionnaire (PBQ-SF)

The Personality Belief Questionnaire- Short Form (PBQ-SF) is an assessment instrument of personality beliefs based on the cognitive theory that states that these are characterized by a specific pattern of dysfunctional thoughts. The objective of this study was to establish the psychometric properties and structural validity of the PBQ-SF questionnaire in Colombian adults from 18 to 35 years old. To carry out the above and with permission of the author the validation process was initiated following a thorough and rigorous process that led to a final version of the PBQ-SF applied to 1423 persons born in Colombia and living in nine Colombian cities. Analysis of internal consistency among the items (Cronbach´s alpha), confirmatory factor analysis and calculus of goodness of fit estimators were performed. It was found that the Internal consistency of the domains varied from 0,65 for avoidant disorder up to 0,83 for paranoid disorder.

Personality-related core beliefs in patients diagnosed with fibromyalgia plus depression: A comparison with depressed and healthy control groups

Background: Personality has an important role in understanding both fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) and major depressive disorder (MDD). Aims: This study considers the question that specific personality features may characterize depressed FMS patients. Materials and methods: To this end, 125 individuals were included in the study: 40 of them diagnosed with FMS+ MDD, 40 with MDD only and 45 healthy controls. Individual Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Personality Belief Questionnaire-Short Form (PBQ-SF) scores were compared between the three groups. Results: The mean scores for each personality domain of the PBQ-SF were the highest in the MDD group and the lowest mean scores appeared in the control group. Dependent personality and obsessive–compulsive personality scores were higher in the MDD group (t = 2.510, P = 0.014 and t = 2.240, P = 0.028, respectively) in comparison with the FM+ MDD group. However, this difference disappeared when PBQ-SF scores were controlled for depression severity. Conclusions: Although some common personality features are evident in FMS patients, it seems that the differences identified are primarily related to depression symptom severity.

Características Psicométricas do Teste Pictórico de Perfis Cognitivos

Este estudo avaliou as propriedades psicométricas do Teste Pictórico dos Perfis Cognitivos (TPPC) através da consistência interna e da validade convergente do TPPC com a versão brasileira do Personality Belief Questionnaire – Short Form (PBQ-SF). O TPPC, assim como o PBQ-SF, foi elaborado como um instrumento clínico e de pesquisa, com nove subescalas, para avaliar perfis de personalidade. Uma amostra de 86 alunos universitários respondeu à versão brasileira do PBQ-SF e o do TPPC. Os resultados apresentaram níveis satisfatórios para as estimativas de confiabilidade (alpha de Cronbach) do teste TPPC (alpha = 0,93). De um modo geral, os achados demonstram a validade convergente para o TPPC, sugerindo que ele também seja um instrumento prático para avaliar perfis cognitivos de personalidade, assim como o PBQ-SF.

Psychometric Characteristics of the Pictorial Test of Cognitive Profiles

This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Pictorial Test of Cognitive Profiles (TPPC) through the internal consistency and convergent validity of the TPPC with the Brazilian version of the Personality Belief Questionnaire – Short Form (PBQ-SF). The TPPC as well as the PBQ-SF was designed as a clinical and research tool, with nine subscales, to assess personality profiles. A sample of 86 college students responded to the Brazilian version of the PBQ-SF and the TPPC. The results showed satisfactory levels for estimating the reliability (Cronbach’s alpha) of the TPPC test (alpha = .93). Overall, the findings demonstrate the convergent validity for the TPPC, suggesting that it is also a practical tool to evaluate cognitive profiles of personality as well as the PBQ-SF.

PP-045 DEVELOPMENT OF CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA IN A PATIENT WITH JAK2V617F POSITIVE ESSENTIALTHROMBOCYTHEMIA

According to the cognitive model, the common mechanism underlying all psychological disorders is distorted or dysfunctional thoughts that affect mood and behaviors. Dysfunctional thoughts predispose an individual to depression and are among the processes that form the basis of personality traits. Elucidating the personality beliefs associated with depression and dysfunctional thoughts is important to understanding and treating depression. The aim of the present study is to determine whether depressed patients exhibited pathological personality beliefs compared with healthy controls. Furthermore, we investigated which personality beliefs were more common among such depressed patients.A total of 70 patients who were admitted to the Department of Psychiatry at Ankara Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital (Ankara, Turkey) and diagnosed with major depressive disorder according to The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV (DSM-IV) diagnostic criteria were included in the study. Additionally, 70 healthy controls matched for age, marital status, and education were included in the study. The Sociodemographic Data Form and Personality Belief Questionnaire-Short form (PBQ-SF) were administered to the participants.A comparison of the depression group with the healthy controls revealed higher scores in dependent, passive–aggressive, obsessive–compulsive, antisocial, histrionic, paranoid, borderline, and avoidant personality subscales in the depressive group.These results suggest that personality beliefs at the pathological level are more common in depressive patients and that the detection of these beliefs would be useful for predicting the prognosis of the disease and determining appropriate treatment methods.

Comparison of personality beliefs between depressed patients and healthy controls

IntroductionAccording to the cognitive model, the common mechanism underlying all psychological disorders is distorted or dysfunctional thoughts that affect mood and behaviors. Dysfunctional thoughts predispose an individual to depression and are among the processes that form the basis of personality traits. Elucidating the personality beliefs associated with depression and dysfunctional thoughts is important to understanding and treating depression. The aim of the present study is to determine whether depressed patients exhibited pathological personality beliefs compared with healthy controls. Furthermore, we investigated which personality beliefs were more common among such depressed patients. MethodsA total of 70 patients who were admitted to the Department of Psychiatry at Ankara Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital (Ankara, Turkey) and diagnosed with major depressive disorder according to The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV (DSM-IV) diagnostic criteria were included in the study. Additionally, 70 healthy controls matched for age, marital status, and education were included in the study. The Sociodemographic Data Form and Personality Belief Questionnaire-Short form (PBQ-SF) were administered to the participants. ResultsA comparison of the depression group with the healthy controls revealed higher scores in dependent, passive–aggressive, obsessive–compulsive, antisocial, histrionic, paranoid, borderline, and avoidant personality subscales in the depressive group. ConclusionsThese results suggest that personality beliefs at the pathological level are more common in depressive patients and that the detection of these beliefs would be useful for predicting the prognosis of the disease and determining appropriate treatment methods.