Personal Semi-structured Interviews Research Articles

Water insecurity among seasonal agriculture workers: perspectives from Spanish professionals

BackgroundMigrant seasonal agricultural workers face conditions of material vulnerability such as inadequate housing difficulties prevent access to running water supplies. The purpose of this study is to explore the perceptions of professionals involved in the care and support of seasonal migrant agricultural workers, as it relates to water access and water consumption and their impact on these workers’ health, in a context of COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A qualitative exploratory and descriptive study was conducted in 2021 as part of a larger research project, based on 63 personal semi-structured interviews with professionals who provided support to seasonal migrant agricultural workers in three Spanish autonomous regions. COREQ checklist was used for reporting. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, and imported into ATLAS.ti-9 for an inductive thematic analysis. Results: The results have been structured into two main themes: (1) Accessing and obtaining water; and (2) Health problems related to water consumption. Seasonal migrant agricultural workers experience barriers to obtaining safe water for hygiene, cleaning, food preparation and drinking. The implementation of regulations to reduce COVID-19 transmission resulted in improved hygiene levels in the migrants’ quarters, including access to safe drinking water. Conclusion: This study suggests that water insecurity experienced by migrant seasonal agricultural workers in Spain results from their poor living conditions and causes health problems related to a lack of hygiene and the use of unsafe water. Sustainable solutions are needed beyond the pandemic in order to provide migrant workers with adequate living conditions and ensure their water needs are fulfilled.

Using systems thinking to understand the scale-up and sustainability of health innovation: a case study of seasonal malaria chemoprevention processes in Burkina Faso

BackgroundScale-up and sustainability are often studied separately, with few studies examining the interdependencies between these two processes and the implementation contexts of innovations towards malaria prevention and control. Researchers and implementers offer much more attention to the content of innovations, as they focus on the technological dimensions and the conditions for expansion. Researchers have often considered innovation a linear sequence in which scaling up and sustainability represented the last stages. Using systems thinking in this manuscript, we analyze complex scaling and sustainability processes through adopting and implementing seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) in Burkina Faso from 2014 to 2018.MethodsWe conducted a qualitative case study involving 141 retrospective secondary data (administrative, press, scientific, tools and registries, and verbatim) spanning from 2012 to 2018. We complemented these data with primary data collected between February and March 2018 in the form of 15 personal semi-structured interviews with SMC stakeholders and non-participant observations. Processual analysis permitted us to conceptualize scale-up and sustainability processes over time according to different vertical and horizontal levels of analysis and their interconnections.ResultsOur results indicated six internal and external determinants of SMC that may negatively or positively influence its scale-up and sustainability. These determinants are effectiveness, monitoring and evaluation systems, resources (financial, material, and human), leadership and governance, adaptation to the local context, and other external elements. Our results revealed that donors and implementing actors prioritized financial resources over other determinants. In contrast, our study clearly showed that the sustainability of the innovation, as well as its scaling up, depends significantly on the consideration of the interconnectedness of the determinants. Each determinant can concurrently constitute an opportunity and a challenge for the success of the innovation.ConclusionOur findings highlight the usefulness of the systemic perspective to consider all contexts (international, national, subnational, and local) to achieve large-scale improvements in the quality, equity, and effectiveness of global health interventions. Thus, complex and systems thinking have made it possible to observe emergent and dynamic innovation behaviors and the dynamics particular to sustainability and scaling up processes.

Nurses' perceptions of engaging in internet-based nursing services: A qualitative study based on three hospitals in China.

In response to the ageing population and shortage of human resources for nursing care, China is piloting internet-based nursing services (nurses who provide this care are called online nurses). Nurses are the providers of this model, so it is important to understand their perceptions. We aim to explore nurses' perceptions of engaging in internet-based nursing services. This study is descriptive qualitative research, so the data were analysed using a descriptive qualitative research method based on the theory of planned behaviour, using thematic analysis. With personal semi-structured interviews conducted by two Master of Science in Nursing with 18 online nurses and nine clinical nurses, terminated after information saturation. Nurses' emotional attitudes towards internet-based nursing services were generally positive, but their behavioural intentions were negative. Social support, hospital organisational climate and family responsibilities had a statistically significant impact on nurses' behavioural decisions. Internet-based nursing services place higher demands on nurses' knowledge and skills, and nurses are most concerned with ensuring patient and nurse safety. No Patient or Public Contribution.

To voice or not to voice? Israeli women activists' paths to voice

In view of the recurrent feminist calls for women to voice themselves, one of the intriguing questions is: What are the challenges in women activists' road to discovering their voice and using it strategically? This study addresses this question based on qualitative methods of interpretative analysis of personal semi-structured interviews. It explores in-depth the voices of 31 women activists and their experiences related to the topic of voice and silence in their activism. The interpretation of the findings led to the formation of a Four-State Model in Women's Path to Voice that consists of: The Missing Voice, where women feel that they don't have a voice of their own; The Safe Voice, where women who found their voice make themselves heard; The Hidden Voice, where women choose not to voice themselves in hostile environments; and The Defying Voice, where women express critical opinions in the face of opposition. The findings strengthen the understanding of various states of voice among women and the role of women's movements as catalysts for women's sense of voice, identity, and belonging. It depicts the tension between The Spiral of Voice and Persisting Selective Silences as a social phenomenon, whereas women with voice and higher positions succumb to existing social structures that marginalize them.

Andragogical principles in a gamification concept: how does it work for adult learners in an online class?

PurposeA lack of research has reported how playful gamification is applied to adult learners as an idea of andragogical instruction. Thus, this study aims to identify how the concept of gamification was used for adult learners in an online class during the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on learning performance and motivation with the guidance of Knowles' andragogical principle.Design/methodology/approachThe study applied an explanatory sequential mixed method in collecting the data. Assessments' scores during the experimental research and questionnaires were used as the quantitative data. For the qualitative data, personal semi-structured interviews were employed.FindingsThe findings indicate that gamification raises student enthusiasm and interest and improves learning outcomes. Students who previously lacked attentiveness to the online class are now waiting for game quiz activities during the class meeting. Furthermore, the experimental groups reported statistically improved assessments compared to their counterparts. Indeed, some recommended other courses with whole activities of gamification and discussion rather than listening to talks.Originality/valueFor its implications, this study has enriched the literature on gamification implementation for adult learners. Regarding its originality, it has discussed an old issue of Knowles' andragogical principle from the novelty angle of gamification.

Cultural barriers to intercultural/ interracial communication among black and white South African women

There are a number of Important cultural barriers between black and white South African women. These Include language, nonverbal communication, world view, thought pat terns and stereotypes. In an attempt to Investigate some of the cultural barriers this exploratory study focuses on the opinions of 20 black South African women and 20 white South African women. A convenience sample was used and the respondents were undergraduate students at the University of South Africa. Personal semi-structured interviews were conducted with the respondents. Open-ended questions were used allowing each respondent to provide her own perspective or point of view.

P14.72 Involving patients and caregivers in the production of guidelines for palliative care in primary brain tumours: identification of intervention priorities

Abstract BACKGROUND Involving patients and caregivers is an important component of clinical guideline development. The three main Italian scientific associations for neurology, neuro-oncology and palliative care (SIN-AINO-SICP) recently appointed a joint task force (TF) of clinicians and researchers to develop specific guidance on palliative care of people with primary brain tumours, following the GRADE approach. To identify clinical questions meaningful to the patients and caregivers, a qualitative approach was used. MATERIAL AND METHODS Based on the existing literature and on consensus, the TF identified nine intervention areas, whose relevance was apprised by patients (via personal semi-structured interviews) and bereaved caregivers (via focus groups, FGs) from five tertiary neuro-oncology centres. Participants were prompted to provide their personal disease-related experience, and were asked to elicit the areas that mostly impacted their own lives. Interviews and FGMs were audio-recorded, transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS Twenty interviews and five FGs (28 caregivers) were completed between late 2020 and early 2021. Preliminary findings show that all the pre-specified areas were defined as important by participants. Most discussed topics were communication, organization and service satisfaction, cognitive and psychological issues, and advance care planning (ACP). Caregivers focused their discussions on the need for patient psychological support, difficulties experienced with symptoms control (e.g. epileptic seizures, behavioural changes), communication and organizational issues. CONCLUSION Participation of Italian patients with brain tumours and family caregivers was high and information-rich. All of the nine guideline intervention areas were considered important, communication, care organization, symptom control and ACP being the most discussed.

Abstract PS9-38: Improving adherence to hormone therapy among breast cancer patients through a mobile app and patient navigation: App development and testing

Abstract Background: The successful use of hormone therapy (HT) has contributed to improved 5-year cause-specific breast cancer survival rates and evidence shows that long-term use produces a larger reduction in recurrence and mortality, with nearly 50% reduction in breast cancer mortality during the second decade after diagnosis. Despite the proven benefits, hormone therapy adherence is suboptimal (less than 80% of daily doses taken) and about 33% of women who are prescribed HT do not take their medication as prescribed and are at increased risk of disease recurrence and increased mortality. Smartphone ownership has increased substantially over the past decade, providing an extraordinary opportunity for innovation in the delivery of tailored interventions to improve patients’ adherence to hormonal therapy. Purpose: We present the design and development process of a theory-based, culturally tailored, interactive mobile app to improve adherence to HT among breast cancer patients to be used in combination with patient navigation in a two-group randomized clinical trial study at the Mays Cancer Center. The intervention group (n= 60) will receive the phone app + patient navigation and the control or usual care group (n=60) will receive the information oncologists provide to patients prescribed HT. Methods: Four focus groups (n=21) were conducted with breast cancer patients and personal semi-structured interviews (n=8) with oncologists, nurses, and patient navigators from the Mays Cancer Center, to assess barriers and facilitators to hormone therapy adherence, key symptoms, app content, and features. Qualitative data informed the initial design and development of app mock-ups; these were assessed with two additional focus groups (n=10). Based on formative research, a functional phone app prototype was developed and beta-tested with five breast cancer patients, minor refinements were made, and the app is ready for recruitment. Results: Inputs from patients and healthcare team members helped to identify specific app content and features. Key themes included the importance of increasing patient education, enhancing self-efficacy, facilitating communication with the medical team and helping patients develop self-care skills to promote optimal adherence to hormone therapy. Specific app features included notification pop-ups, reminders, motivational messages, symptom tracking and management tips, educational content, social networking among patients, communication with a patient navigator, local resources and support groups, and technical support. In addition to colors, background and icon preferences, patients emphasize the need for a user-friendly app that is easy to navigate with clear educational content. Beta-testers found the app easy to use, credible and trustworthy, and their reactions were very positive about app appearance, content, purpose, and usability. Minor technical issues were fixed, and the study app was refined and finalized. Conclusions: An iterative and patient-centered design process was followed to develop a bilingual and interactive mobile app prototype to be used in a randomized control trial. The anticipated outcome is a scalable, evidence-based and easily disseminated intervention with potentially broad use to patients using HT and other oral anticancer agents. Citation Format: Patricia Chalela, Edgar Munoz, Cliff Despres, Pramod Sukumaran, Illeana Tiemann, Victoria Paz, Bianca Gutierrez, Devasena Inupakutika, Sahak Kaghyan, David Akopian. Improving adherence to hormone therapy among breast cancer patients through a mobile app and patient navigation: App development and testing [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2020 San Antonio Breast Cancer Virtual Symposium; 2020 Dec 8-11; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PS9-38.

The Radicalization of Young Jihadi Convicted of Membership of Terrorist Organization in Spain: Analyzing the Pieces of the Puzzle

This article analyses the radicalization of all of the five young offenders -aged between fourteen and eighteen years- who have been convicted in Spain between 2004 and 2019 of membership of a jihadist terrorist organization. It is based on: a) unprecedented access to the assessments of these youths produced by the Agency for the Reeducation and Reintegration of Young Offenders in the regional Government of Madrid; b) personal semi-structured interviews with the staff at this Agency responsible for their psycho-socio and educational intervention during their custodial measures; and c) judicial reports related to their cases. The article assesses the main features of the radicalization processes of these minors following a three-dimensional analysis at the micro, meso and macro level. It provides empirical evidence to test the validity of the main hypotheses on the causality of radicalization.

Indústria 4.0: barreiras para implantação na indústria brasileira

Nos anos recentes, a grande inovação em processos tem sido a denominada Indústria 4.0, tida como tão impactante quanto a substituição das carroças pelo automóvel no início do século XX. O termo “Indústria 4.0” tem sido considerado como a Quarta Revolução Industrial. Essa nova tendência utiliza os conceitos da internet das coisas (IoT) aliada à automatização industrial, que agrega inteligência à manufatura e um universo de possibilidades para diferentes fabricantes, produzindo de acordo com os requisitos dos clientes. Este artigo visa identificar as barreiras para a implementação da Indústria 4.0 no Brasil, utilizando como base alguns agentes participantes da cadeia de suprimentos da indústria automotiva. Este setor foi escolhido, pois uma de suas características é a de aplicar constantes inovações em sua cadeia produtiva, buscando o melhoramento contínuo da gestão de seus processos. Por meio de estudos de casos, foram feitas entrevistas presenciais semiestruturadas, com algumas empresas e profissionais atuantes na cadeia automotiva. As entrevistas foram realizadas com gestores das áreas de produção e tecnologia da informação em duas montadoras de automóveis e em um fornecedor de primeira camada. Incluiu-se também nesse estudo uma empresa de consultoria na área de segurança da informação que atua naquele setor e um especialista em Indústria 4.0 que atua na área acadêmica, pesquisando a indústria automobilística. Como conclusão deste trabalho foi possível identificar um conjunto das principais barreiras a serem consideradas para a maior eficácia da implementação da Industria 4.0 nas indústrias.

Value Perceptions of National Boxers that Study at Physical Education and Sports Department of Universities

<p>Purpose of this research is to determine the perception of value of national boxers who study in physical education and sports department in universities. The research was evaluated with semi-structured interview method which is one of the qualitative research designs. The research group consisted of 11 national boxers studying at Gazi University Faculty of Sport Sciences, Firat University Faculty of Sport Sciences, Selcuk University Faculty of Sport Sciences and Mustafa Kemal University School of Physical Education and Sports in 2016-2017 academic year. Data were accessed through the Personal Information Form (4 questions) and Semi-Structured Interview Form (3 questions) prepared by the researchers. In the analysis of the data, content analysis method was utilized. As a result, national boxers who received sports science education at universities had value perceptions such as discipline, gentlemanship, self-confidence, respect, cooperation, responsibility, empathy, health, ambition, systematic work, tolerance and protection from bad habits and they also do not tolerate discrimination, violence and doping.</p>

Conversion to secondary progressive multiple sclerosis: Multistakeholder experiences and needs in Italy.

Conversion to secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) is associated with a relatively poor prognosis, and SPMS is responsible for the majority of the social and economic costs associated with MS. Managing the Transition to SPMS (ManTra) is a mixed methods project conducted in Italy and Germany aimed to set up a user-led resource to empower and improve the quality of life of newly diagnosed SPMS patients. To assess the experiences and the needs of Italian people who recently converted to SPMS, patient significant others (SOs), neurologists and other health professionals (HPs). We conducted 15 personal semistructured interviews (PSIs) with SPMS patients who transitioned up to five years, and three focus group meetings (FGMs), one of SPMS SOs, one of neurologists, and one of other HPs. Participants were purposely selected from the three geographic areas of Italy, and varied in terms of gender, education and (for patients) disease severity. PSIs and FGMs were audiorecorded, transcribed and analyzed by two researchers using the framework analysis. One hundred sub-categories were identified, grouped into 13 categories and four themes: 'awareness of the transition', 'communication of the transition', 'dealing with symptoms worsening', and 'needs'. The major unmet needs were collected in four dimensions 'organization and management; 'empowerment training'; 'information'; and 'policies'. Two are the main findings: first, the widespread lack of awareness around the transition; second, the need to improve the quality of the care pathway in the Italian context. It was particularly stressed the need for a holistic and multidisciplinary approach (with patients and SOs as members of the team), the development of an ad hoc plan of follow up visits with easy access to MS specialists' consultation/treatment; specialized training for each stakeholders; more information on SPMS, daily management and changes at policy level.

Occupational Socialisation of Physical Education Teacher Candidates Teaching Students with Disabilities

ABSTRACT This study examined the occupational socialisation of physical education teacher candidates specific to their experiences with students with disabilities (SWD) prior to and during their Physical Education Teacher Education (PETE) programme, and how these experiences influenced their early teaching practices. Participants were teacher candidates (N = 12) from a PETE programme in the northeastern United States. This study was situated in descriptive-qualitative methodology using a multisite interview approach. Data were collected via personal data sheets, field notes, artefacts, and semi-structured interviews. Four themes emerged from the thematic line-by-line analysis: (1) professional attractors and facilitators; (2) unpreparedness, self-doubt, and frustration; (3) conflicting expectations; and (4) fears of challenging status quo. The teacher candidates experienced challenges unique to teaching SWD in the PK-12 setting during their occupational socialisation. Participants shared the experiences they most valued in their process of learning to teach SWD, including authentic teaching experiences.

An Action Research: Creating A Song Repertoire towards Primary School Third Grade Music Lesson Outcomes

The purpose of this research is to determine the current situation of the song syllabus used in the implement of the outcomes of the primary school 3 rd grade music lesson, to understand the effectiveness of this song repertoire in the learning-teaching process by creating a new song repertoire and to contribute to improving the quality of teaching. Research is designed as an action research from qualitative research designs. The action plan consists of the songs that the researcher composed according to the outcomes, lesson plans and songs recorded. In the framework of the research, the action plan was applied in a total of 8 weeks and music lessons between March 27, 2014 – May 21, 2014. Practice of the research was carried out with the participation of 30 students and class teachers in the third grade of an elementary school in the Central District of Isparta Province in the spring term of the 2013-2014 academic year. The research data were collected by using data collection tools consisting of personal information forms, semi-structured interviews, student, teacher and researcher diaries. QSR-Nvivo 10, a computer-aided qualitative data analysis program, was used in the audio recordings of semi-structured interviews and in the analysis of video recordings of implementation lessons. The analysis of qualitative data was carried out with descriptive analysis and content analysis, and the findings were interpreted in the direction of the research questions. According to the results of the study, singing is performed in music lessons. It is seen that students remember songs but the achievements haven’t been reached. However, during the implementation period and afterwards, it has been seen that the lessons were carried out in accordance with the action plans, that the teacher awareness of the lesson outcomes was expanded, that the students can reach to the lesson outcomes desired to be given in the music lessons with the song repertoire prepared according to the outcomes in this process. In addition, it has been determined that the students' ability to singing, listening, playing and coexisting improve with their song recordings and become aware of the areas of composition and performance during the implementation process. Findings are discussed within literature framework, suggestions offered for implementation and future research.

Ineffectiveness of information and access to health services: vulnerability to human papillomavirus.

To examine situations of vulnerability to human papillomavirus in the social representations of young women. Human papillomavirus is one of the most frequent sexually transmitted infections among women and constitutes a serious health problem among youth. This problem is embedded in psychosocial issues that promote situations of vulnerability and affect attitudes and behaviour in relation to prevention. Qualitative study based on the theory of social representations, conducted among 64 female students in a high school in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The study used personal semi-structured interviews, with a lexical analysis by Alceste 2010 software. The inefficacy of information on the human papillomavirus pointed out individual and social vulnerabilities, and showed relationships between the difficulty of access and the perception of low quality in public health services, which also promotes institutional vulnerability. The representation of vulnerability to human papillomavirus infection is associated, not only with individual behaviours related to sexuality and gender identity but also to social and institutional conditions involving insufficient information and low quality of and ineffective access to public health services. Situations of vulnerability of young women to human papillomavirus infection influence ways of thinking and acting, when they generate feelings and behaviours that put them at risk. The social representations provided knowledge about how the participants appropriated consensual and reified universes in relation to vulnerability, influencing care and awareness of prevention. Situations of vulnerability, whether individual, social or institutional, warrant the attention of nurses and should be prioritized as public health policy goals to reduce the number of cases of human papillomavirus infection among younger women.

The influence of an educational internet-based intervention in the beliefs and attitudes of primary care professionals on non-specific chronic low back pain: study protocol of a mixed methods approach

BackgroundPersonal convictions in referral to pain cause misbeliefs in health professionals, which can influence patients who suffer from non-specific chronic low back pain. Likewise, health professionals’ beliefs affect their advice and attitudes towards patients’ treatment, becoming a possible cause of greater disability. The development of educational interventions based on the best scientific evidence in neurophysiology of pain could be a way to provide information and advice to primary care health professionals to change their cognition towards chronic non-specific low back pain. The use of Information and Communication Technologies allows the development of web sites, which might be one of the effective resources to modify misbeliefs and attitudes, in relation to the origin and meaning of non-specific chronic low back pain, of primary care professionals and that may modify their attitudes in patients’ treatment.MethodsThe aim of this project is to identify misbeliefs and attitudes of primary care physicians and nurses about chronic non-specific low back pain to develop a web-based educational tool using different educational formats and gamification techniques. This study has a mixed-method sequential exploratory design. The participants are medical and nursing staff working in primary care centers in the city of Lleida, Spain. For the qualitative phase of this study, the authors will use personal semi-structured interviews. For the quantitative phase the authors will use an experimental study design. Subjects will be randomly allocated using a simple random sample technique. The intervention group will have access to the web site where they will find information related to non-specific chronic low back pain, based on the information obtained in the qualitative phase. The control group will have access to a video explaining the clinical practice guidelines on low back pain.DiscussionThis study has been designed to explore and modify the beliefs and attitudes about chronic low back pain of physicians and nurses working in primary care settings, using a web-based educational tool with different educational formats and gamification techniques. The aim of the educational intervention is to change their knowledge about the origin and meaning of pain, with the result of reducing their misbeliefs and attitudes of fear avoidance.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02962817. Date of registration: 11/09/2016.

La Escuela Secundaria Gustavo L. Talamantes, un proyecto educativo en Ranchería Juárez (1971-1984)

La historia de la educación en Chihuahua es muy rica pero poco estudiada. Existen infinidad de capítulos que aún no han sido escritos, en parte por la cultura de descuido y destrucción de archivos escolares destinados a facilitar el desarrollo de investigaciones en el área. En este trabajo se rescata la peculiaridad de un proyecto educativo que surgió en la década de 1970, en el seno de una comunidad campesina conocida como Ejido Ranchería Juárez, cuyo asentamiento original corresponde actualmente a la colonia Villa Juárez, Chihuahua. Los resultados se derivan del proyecto Memoria e identidad la recuperación de la historia educativa de Ranchería Juáreza través de sus protagonistas, el cual tiene como propósito rescatar los procesos histórico-educativos de esta población para darlos a conocer a los estudiantes de educación básica mediante un libro impreso, que será incorporado a las actividades escolares en la asignatura de historia. En el trabajo de campo se encontró que los antiguos ejidatarios tuvieron una preocupación especial por la educación de los jóvenes y por ello realizaron actividades e iniciativas propias que los llevaron a establecer una Escuela Secundaria por Cooperación, en un periodo donde apenas iniciaban los esfuerzos oficiales encaminados a llevar este servicio a las zonas rurales y urbano-marginadas. La estrategia metodológica consistió en trabajo con archivos personales y entrevistas semiestructuradas con las que se pudo dar cuenta de cómo fue concebido este proyecto educativo, los actores involucrados y el significado que tuvo para una población campesina caracterizada por el bajo índice de escolaridad de sus habitantes. Finalmente se concluye que este tipo de investigaciones son importantes para promover el arraigo y la identidad de las nuevas generaciones.

Self-Efficacy of People with Chronic Conditions: A Qualitative Directed Content Analysis.

Background: Given the increasing prevalence of chronic illnesses and their complications, supporting and empowering chronically ill patients seems crucial. Self-efficacy is considered as a predictor for empowerment. The purpose of this study to explore of different aspects of self-efficacy among persons with chronic physical conditions based on the Family-Centered Empowerment Model (FCEM). Methods: this qualitative study is part of a larger study; sequential exploratory mixed-method for designing an instrument for the FCEM was conducted from May 2015 to March 2016 in two university hospitals. The sample was 22 participants, including chronically ill patients, family caregivers, and nurses. Data were collected through personal semi-structured interviews. Data analysis was performed concurrently with data collection through directed qualitative content analysis. Results: after determining the self-efficacy attributes in the family-center empowerment model, a category matrix was developed and the codes are placed in subcategories of the matrix. Most participants were female (58.0%), with a mean age of 49.50 years. The final analysis yielded a total of 247 units of analysis dispersed in eight subcategories belonging to four generic-categories. Conclusions: the findings of this study represent the dimensions of chronically-ill individuals’ self-efficacy that can be used to develop and implement programs for empowering chronic ill patients.

Análisis de las prácticas lúdicas y tradicionales en la en la zona norte del Camino Central Portugués y su relación con el ámbito educativo (Analysis of game and traditional practices in the north zone of the Central Portuguese Way and their relation to

Documentada la práctica profusa de juegos populares y tradicionales en los municipios por donde transcurre el Camino Portugués a su entrada en Galicia, este estudio tiene como objetivo principal analizar las prácticas lúdicas y tradicionales en los municipios por donde transcurre el último tramo del Camino Central Portugués (de Porto a Valença do Minho), su transferencia al ámbito escolar e identificar otras prácticas de actividad física y deportiva realizadas por la población en este contexto. Se optó por una metodología cualitativa, empleando la entrevista personal semiestructurada como instrumento para la obtención de datos. La muestra de estudio está compuesta por 27 personas: 9 técnicos deportivos de Cámaras Municipales, 9 docentes de Escuela Básica de primer ciclo (no especialistas en Educación Física) y 9 docentes de Escuela Básica de segundo ciclo (especialistas en Educación Física). Se registró una baja práctica de juegos tradicionales en estos municipios, donde el juego de Malha constituye la excepción más resaltable de este grupo de prácticas lúdicas, y donde se constató que la práctica de juegos populares y tradicionales en los centros educativos es escasa y esporádica. La riqueza lúdica portuguesa debería ser tenida en mejor consideración por las autoridades, focalizando el trabajo de promoción y recuperación en las escuelas, lugares idóneos para este tipo de proyectos lúdico-sociales.Abstract. Due to the widespread practice of traditional and popular games in the municipalities on the Portuguese Way close to the border with Galicia, the principal objective of this study is to analyze game and traditional practices in the municipalities on the last section of the Central Portuguese Way (from Porto to Valença do Minho), to study their application within the school environment, and to identify other practices of physical and sports activities carried out by the population in this setting. We opted for a qualitative methodology, using personal semi-structured interviews as a tool for obtaining data. The study sample was composed of 27 people: 9 sports technicians from Municipal Chambers, 9 teachers from first-cycle elementary schools (non-specialists in Physical Education) and 9 teachers from second-cycle elementary schools (Physical Education specialists). A low practice of traditional games was evidenced in these municipalities, Malha games being the most popular group of recreational practices. Results also stressed out that the practice of popular and traditional games in schools is scarce and sporadic. Portuguese abundancy of games should be taken into higher consideration by authorities, focusing on their promotion and revival in schools, ideal locations for this type of playful-social projects.

Developing mindfulness in children through participation in music activities

The vast majority of young South African children grow up in socially- and economicallychallenging settings. These impeding conditions hamper their intellectual growth and affect their physical, mental, emotional and spiritual well-being. Increasingly, mindfulness is being recognised as a means to enhance holistic well-being of children. Likewise, music is widely acknowledged for its potential contribution to the holistic development of children. In this article, we reflect on a non-formal music programme, implemented on a weekly basis over a period of 10 months, at an aftercare facility in an impoverished township area in South Africa. Our aim was to develop, through the children’s active participation in music activities, some aspects of mindfulness. Data were generated through personal observations, field notes and semi-structured interviews. Two salient themes emerged, namely, enhanced awareness of self and others, and improved listening and attention skills. These are key aspects of mindfulness. We subsequently argue that aspects of mindfulness in young children can be developed through focused activities centred on music and sound.