Personality Questionnaire Research Articles

Prevalence and structure of sleep disorders in neurological, psychiatric and somatic hospitals

Background. Today it is well known that the structure of sleep disorders and frequency of complaints about sleep disorders depend on the diseases profile. Emotional and behavioral features of patients with different disease profile are important factors affecting the development of sleep disorders. Aim. To estimate difference of sleep disorders according to the profile of the disease and to assess the emotional and psychological factors that may influence sleep disorders. Materials and methods. A total of 300 patients participated in the study: 100 from every department (neurological, psychiatric and pulmonological). To assess the quality of sleep Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used; data from the Spielberger anxiety scale, a 5-factor personality questionnaire, and a questionnaire for evaluating coping strategies (coping strategies) were used to assess personal and emotional factors. Results. Patients from the psychotherapeutic group appeared to be more likely to complain of sleep disorders in general. They also had an average Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score higher than patients from neurological and somatic hospitals. In the group of patients with a neurological profile loud snoring is more often reason for sleep disturbing. Awakenings due to difficulties in breathing were more often detected in the group of somatic profile. Situational and personal anxiety influenced the structure of sleep disorders regardless of the disease profile. Conclusion. The use of various coping strategies has the greatest impact on the presence of sleep disorders in the group of patients with a somatic profile, to a lesser extent – in the group of neurological profile.

IMPACT OF BRANDING ON BUYING PERCEPTION OF ELECTRIC, FUEL OR HYBRID CAR USERS

To examine Indian consumers' perceptions of both domestic and international brand names in light of the growing popularity of foreign brand names and both positive and negative country-of-origin stereotypes. 112 customers in the city of Delhi were given a standardized questionnaire in person. Seven-point semantic difference scales were used to test attitudes toward "foreign" or "Indian" brands, while CETSCALE was used to quantify consumer ethnocentrism. Using factor analysis with varimax rotation, the factors impacting the reported degree of ethnocentrism in brand decisions were identified. Indian consumers were not prejudiced against international brand names, despite high levels of nationalism and preference for domestic manufacturing, as shown by high factor ratings on an ethnocentrism scale, which may suggest a favourable bias towards local businesses. In actuality, they gave those nations of origin more legitimacy and rated them higher than Indian companies in terms of technology, quality, status, and esteem. In a vast and rapidly expanding market, this study contributes to the body of knowledge regarding the country-of-origin effect. Instead of emphasizing economy and value for money, global brand marketers in the Indian market should focus on quality and technological features. demonstrates that animosity toward foreign products is not always the result of ethnocentrism. Indianized, integrative, and spiritual tactics must be used to maintain Made in India. Although this has started to change in the Indian market, consumers still choose the best brand over the best product. Demand is higher for the best products. The brands that are most meaningful to you are ingrained in your memory and are associated with your culture, history, geography, spirituality, religion, and essential qualities, such as indigenous products, which Indians like.

The Norwegian version of the Personal Feelings Questionnaire-2: clinical utility and psychometric properties

AbstractShame and guilt are universal emotions meant to elicit socially approved behaviors and inhibit antisocial behavior. Excessive feelings of shame and guilt—shame especially—are linked to various destructive behaviors, difficulties in emotion regulation, maladaptive personality traits, psychological difficulties, and negative impacts on treatment outcomes. These make it especially important to have a valid instrument to evaluate the mechanisms related to these emotions. No validated self-report instrument measuring generalized shame and guilt was available in Norwegian. The Personal Feelings Questionnaire (PFQ-2) is designed to measure the level of generalized shame and guilt. This project’s aim was to translate the PFQ-2 into Norwegian and evaluate the clinical utility and psychometric properties of a Norwegian version of the PFQ-2. Data were collected from students at a local university college in Norway (N = 320, age: M = 25.4, SD = 8) and patients at a local outpatient psychiatric hospital (N = 53, age: M = 31.4, SD = 10.43). To be able to evaluate the factor structure of the Norwegian version of the PFQ-2, the dataset was divided in two by random selection with a 50/50 split. First an Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted on one half of the sample (N = 180) and then a Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) on the other half (N = 193). According to the EFA the factor structure was similar to the original factor structure, with the exception of one item (item 6). Confirmatory factor analysis showed a good goodness of fit for the two factors measuring shame and guilt. The internal consistency was high in both subscales (shame, α = 0.818, and guilt, α = 0.834). The instrument showed further adequate construct validity, where the clinical sample experienced greater shame than the community sample (M = 17, SD = 6.887 vs. M = 13, SD = 5.311) and stronger guilt (M = 18, SD = 5.248 vs. M = 14, SD = 15.210). The subscales correlated with other constructs, as expected. The PFQ-2—with the suggested adjustment of moving one item (item 6) from the shame scale to the guilt scale—can be used to evaluate the levels of feelings of shame and guilt among adults in Norway.

Nocturnal hypoxia in patients with sleep disorders: exploring its role as a mediator between neurotic personality traits and psychological symptoms

IntroductionSleep disorders often coexist with personality and psychological issues, alongside nocturnal hypoxia. This study investigates the potential mediating role of nocturnal hypoxia between personality traits and psychological symptoms in individuals with sleep disorders.MethodsA cohort comprising 171 participants reporting sleep disturbances was recruited from Dalian Seventh People’s Hospital. Psychological symptoms were assessed using the Symptom Checklist-90-R (SCL-90-R), while personality traits were evaluated using the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ). Nocturnal hypoxia status was determined through overnight polysomnography.ResultsMediation analysis, conducted using SPSS 23.0, demonstrated that the cumulative time of nocturnal peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) < 85% (T85) partially mediated the relationship between neuroticism and various psychological symptoms, including somatization (c=0.207, c’=0.164, a*b=0.043, proportion of mediation 20.8%), interpersonal sensitivity (c=0.360, c’=0.326, a*b=0.034, proportion of mediation 9.6%), depression (c=0.277, c’=0.234, a*b=0.042, proportion of mediation 15.3%), anxiety (c=0.240, c’=0.199, a*b=0.041, proportion of mediation 16.9%), hostility (c=0.241, c’=0.205, a*b=0.036, proportion of mediation 14.9%), phobic anxiety (c=0.271, c’=0.241, a*b=0.030, proportion of mediation 11.1%), and psychoticism (c=0.298, c’=0.266, a*b=0.032, proportion of mediation 10.8%).DiscussionThese findings underscore the potential mediating role of nocturnal hypoxia in the association between neuroticism personality traits and psychological symptoms among individuals with sleep disorders. Our research holds considerable significance in advancing the quest for personalized treatments targeting psychological symptoms in individuals with sleep disorders.

Association of Clinical, Biomechanical, and Psychosocial Factors with Smile Dynamics in Unilateral Cleft Lip: A Multicenter Observational Study.

To investigate the association between clinical, biomechanical, and psychosocial factors and smiling behavior in individuals with treated unilateral cleft lip with or without cleft palate (UCL ± P) compared to non-cleft controls. Multicenter observational study in New Zealand. Individuals aged ≥15 (N = 42) comprised 2 study groups: a UCL ± P group (N = 21) and a non-cleft control group (N = 21). Participants viewed an amusing video while their facial expressions were recorded. Smile features were automatically detected via software. A clinical outcome, nasolabial esthetics, was scored using the Asher-McDade system. Perioral biomechanical properties were measured via myotonometry. Smile Esthetics-related Quality of Life (SERQoL), Orofacial Esthetics Scale (OES), and personality (IPIP-NEO-60) questionnaires were completed. Smile features and personality traits did not differ between the groups. Participants with UCL ± P exhibited higher stiffness (+44.2%; Cohen's d = 1.6) and tone (+22.6%; Cohen's d = 1.9) at the cleft scar site, and higher decrement (or lower elasticity, +8.5%; Cohen's d = 0.8) adjacent to the scar. Nasolabial esthetics and elasticity of the scar correlated with the duration of smiles and relative smile time (-0.50 < R < -0.44; p < .05). Participants in the UCL ± P group had lower scores for the OES and higher impacts on SERQoL for social contacts and dental self-confidence. Adolescents and adults with UCL ± P exhibit similar smile behavior as their cleft-free peers-at least in non-social settings. Nasolabial esthetics and perioral biomechanical properties are associated with propensity to smile. UCL ± P is negatively associated with smile-related quality of life and an individual's perception of their facial appearance.

Speech-based personality prediction using deep learning with acoustic and linguistic embeddings

This study introduces a novel method for predicting the Big Five personality traits through the analysis of speech samples, advancing the field of computational personality assessment. We collected data from 2045 participants who completed a self-reported Big Five personality questionnaire and provided free-form speech samples by introducing themselves without constraints on content. Using pre-trained convolutional neural networks and transformer-based models, we extracted embeddings representing both acoustic features (e.g., tone, pitch, rhythm) and linguistic content from the speech samples. These embeddings were combined and input into gradient boosted tree models to predict personality traits. Our results indicate that personality traits can be effectively predicted from speech, with correlation coefficients between predicted scores and self-reported scores ranging from 0.26 (extraversion) to 0.39 (neuroticism), and from 0.39 to 0.60 for disattenuated correlations. Intraclass correlations show moderate to high consistency in our model’s predictions. This approach captures the subtle ways in which personality traits are expressed through both how people speak and what they say. Our findings underscore the potential of voice-based assessments as a complementary tool in psychological research, providing new insights into the connection between speech and personality.

Greek anaesthesiologists' post-traumatic stress syndrome in the post COVID-19 era: An observational, multicenter, cross-sectional study from COVID-19 referral, university/tertiary hospitals.

Anaesthesiologists actively involved with COVID-19 are at increased risk for post-traumatic stress syndrome (PTSS). We assessed the PTSD and possible determinants of anaesthesiologists in COVID-19 referral hospitals in the post-COVID-19 era with the validated PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ). A multicenter cross-sectional survey was conducted among anaesthesiologists working in the 7 COVID-19 referral university/tertiary hospitals during November 2022 (post-COVID-19 era) in Greece. PCL-5 is a 20-item, 5-point Likert scale self-report measure, scored in two different ways to ensure a provisional diagnosis of PTSS. Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) explores 3 main dimensions of personality, whereas the Lie (L) scale serves as a measure of "dishonesty". Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predicting factors of PTSS using the stepwise forward method. One hundred doctors (response rate 85%) from 7 hospitals (72% females, median age 46 [33-51.5] years) participated. The overall Cronbach's alpha for PCL-5 was 0.946. According to each scoring, 18% and 23% of responders were diagnosed with PTSS, respectively, while 7% were classified as suffering from probable PTSD. Interestingly, children (OR=0.17, p=0.048) and the satisfaction with job position (OR=0.211, p=0.024) exhibited a protective effect against PTSS. On the other hand, family obligations were identified as an aggravating factor (OR=4.274, p=0.026). Concerning personality traits, only neuroticism was identified as a statistically significant independent factor predicting PTSS (OR=1.524, p=0.001). Finally, job ranking was also a statistically significant independent factor predicting PTSS, with a 3 times risk augmentation for each level in the job hierarchy (from Residents towards Academics) (OR=3.034, p=0.022). In the post-COVID-19 era, up to 23% of Greek anaesthesiologists working in referral hospitals suffered from PTSS. Children and job satisfaction exhibited a protective role in contrast to higher ranks of the job hierarchy.

Clinical Utility and Diagnostic Validity of the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology for Borderline Personality Disorder

Background: The hierarchical taxonomy of psychopathology (HiTOP) aims to address the limitations of traditional nosologies. This model organizes borderline personality disorder (BPD) along two dimensions: The distress sub-factor of negative affectivity and antagonism. Objectives: For the HiTOP model to be effectively integrated into clinical practice, its clinical utility must be established. This study aimed to assess the clinical utility and diagnostic validity of HiTOP in diagnosing BPD. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 113 inpatients with a primary diagnosis of BPD and 100 nonclinical individuals. The Structured Clinical Interview for diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5) Personality Disorders, Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5-Screening Personality Questionnaire, Personality Inventory for DSM-5, and the Personality Assessment Inventory–Borderline Features Scale were used for BPD diagnosis and severity assessment. Multiple regression analyses were conducted on BPD-HiTOP-related and other maladaptive personality domains to identify the best predictive factors for BPD. Borderline personality disorder scales were created based on the regression algorithms. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses and diagnostic efficiency statistics were used to assess the relative diagnostic efficiency of these scales. Results: Regression analyses indicated that negative affectivity and disinhibition significantly predicted BPD severity, whereas antagonism did not. The ROC analysis demonstrated that both the HiTOP-BPD algorithm (antagonism/negative affectivity) and the proposed BPD algorithm (disinhibition/negative affectivity) showed excellent accuracy. Regarding diagnostic validity, the proposed BPD algorithm exhibited higher sensitivity and specificity levels compared to the HiTOP-BPD algorithm. Conclusions: These findings support the clinical utility of the disinhibition-negative affectivity algorithm in diagnosing BPD.

WAYS TO FORM RESILIENCE AS A PERSONAL RESERVE OF A CHILD’S PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH

It is not by chance that the problem of personal resilience today comes to the forefront of scientifi c understanding. The high pace of modern life with ever more complex conditions places increased demands on a person, testing strength and “survivability.” Therefore, psychological health of the individual is of great importance. According to modern advances in medicine and human health-related research, the defi nition of health has now undergone many changes. Health is not simply the absence of disease, but a feeling of health and well-being that emphasizes a person’s quality of life. The purpose of the work is to study resilience as a personal resource of psychological health. Research methods include () S. Maddi’s vitality test (adapted by D. A. Leontyev, E. E. Rasskazova) which made it possible to study the parameters of vitality; () methodology for diagnosing psychological health of A.V. Kozlova, applied to study the individual model of psychological health of the respondents; () personal questionnaire compiled by I. B. Lasko and B. I. Thinlegged, allowing us to study indicators of psychological health, the level of neuroticism and psychopathization. The study involved  adolescents aged - years,  girls and  boys. We have proven that the more teenagers enjoy their own activities, the more they communicate with other people, are passionate about creative activities and have several different hobbies. The more adolescents are confi dent in themselves, convinced that struggle allows them to achieve the greatest success, the more they believe in their own strengths, the more stable their nervous system is, which contributes to their resilience.

FAMILY EDUCATION STYLES AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON THE FORMATION OF A CHILD’S PERSONALITY

The relevance of the study is due to the fact that it is now becoming important to consider the availability of the necessary factors for the successful development of the child. These include the psycho-emotional characteristics of the student, which are inextricably linked with the family system. The period of childhood is, on the one hand, the period of formation of individual abilities, and on the other, the time when the child is not emotionally separated from his family. The family system has the maximum impact on the psycho-emotional state, as well as on the disclosure of creative abilities. According with the opinion of L.S. Vygotsky that primary school age is a special period in a person’s life, we investigated children of this particular age group. Purpose of the study is to investigate the infl uence of parenting style on child development, as well as the relationship between parenting styles in families and the level of creativity in primary school children. The study sample included primary school students aged  to  years and their parents. Research methods included the technique for identifying the styles of family education by S. Stepanov, techniques for identifying the educational position (measures of care) of parents to a child by I.M. Markovskaya, Kettell’s multifactorial personality questionnaire for children from  to  years old (boys, girls), methods for identifying creative thinking - Torrens’ diagnosis of creativity. Study results. Relationships between parenting styles in families and the level of creativity in primary school children, as well as features of parenting styles, were identifi ed and described. A meaningful analysis of theoretical and empirical material was carried out, during which ideas about the relationship between the styles of upbringing in families and the level of creativity in primary school children were expanded. During primary school age, the upbringing style is an important factor that determines the psycho-emotional state of the child and the disclosure of the potential of creative abilities, as well as the development of such signs of giftedness as social courage and verbal intelligence. The results obtained can be used in the practice of family and child counseling, in the curriculum of training courses on family psychology and child-parent relations, school education programmes, etc.

Revisiting Eysenck: The Association Between Personality and Acute Stress Reactivity.

Eysenck's biopsychological model of stress posits that the extraversion-introversion distinction is associated with different thresholds of arousal, which in turn moderate the stress response. Although higher thresholds of activation have been reported in the context of physiological stress induction, more contemporary research has resulted in mixed findings. The objective of the current study was to revisit Eysenck's biopsychological model of stress by examining associations between the two personality dimensions (extraversion-introversion and neuroticism-stability) and stress reactivity in response to the Trier Social Stress Test. A total of 122 participants aged 18 to 80 years were recruited. Participants completed a battery of questionnaires, including a personality questionnaire, and were exposed to the TSST, during which salivary cortisol and galvanic skin responses (GSR) were recorded. People scoring higher on extraversion displayed heightened GSR relative to people scoring lower on extraversion. Furthermore, sex-based analyses suggest that this association was driven by females. No significant associations were found for cortisol or with respect to the neuroticism-stability dimension of personality. These findings highlight the need to take a more nuanced approach to investigating the association between personality and stress reactivity, highlighting the importance of the stress induction protocol and the stress-sensitive system under investigation.

The effect of neuroticism on mobile phone addiction among undergraduate nursing students: a moderated mediation model

BackgroundMobile phone addiction (MPA) has numerous deleterious effects on college students, including depression, anxiety, cognitive impairments, and sleep disorders. Undergraduate nursing students play a crucial role as a significant reserve workforce in clinical nursing practice, and their compromised mental health status significantly influences the quality of nursing work and nurse-patient relationships in the future.ObjectivesThis study aims to investigate the associations between neuroticism and MPA among undergraduate nursing students, the mediating effect of self-control and the moderating effect of psychological capital.MethodsA total of 900 undergraduate nursing students participated in the survey, wherein the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Short Form Scale China Version-Neuroticism Subscale (EPQ-RSC-N), Self-Control Scale (SCS), Positive Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PPQ), and Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Scale (MPATS) were employed for assessment. To analyze the available data, various statistical methods were utilized, including common method bias test examination, descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, independent samples t-tests, Pearson’s correlation analyses, as well as the Hayes’ PROCESS Macro models 4 and 14.Results(1) The prevalence of MPA in this study was found to be 34.89%. (2) The MPA was positively correlated with neuroticism (r = 0.287, p < 0.001), and was negatively correlated with self-control (r = -0.467, p < 0.001) and psychological capital (r = -0.260, p < 0.001). (3) Self-control played a partially mediating role in the association between neuroticism and MPA, with an effect size of 0.151, accounting for 52.98% of the total effect. (4) Psychological capital played a moderating role in the association between self-control and MPA. More specifically, with an increase in the level of psychological capital increases, the predictive effect of self-control on MPA gradually strengthens (β = -0.072, SE = 0.019, t = -3.708, p < 0.001).ConclusionThe prevalence of MPA was relatively high among undergraduate nursing students, with neuroticism exerting a direct influence on it. Self-control served as a mediating factor that could partially alleviate MPA associated with neuroticism. Psychological capital has the ability to regulate the relationship between self-control and MPA. Therefore, enhancing self-control capabilities and cultivating psychological capital levels can effectively manage MPA among undergraduate nursing students.

Preliminary construction and validation of a questionnaire on adolescents' personal growth proactivity

The questionnaire was administered in middle schools and data from 944 valid participants were obtained, randomly divided into two parts. Sample one (N=472) was used for exploratory factor analysis, and sample two (N=472) was used for confirmatory factor analysis. The results indicated that the Adolescent Personal Growth Proactivity Questionnaire consists of 24 items, which are categorized into five factors: Growth Internality, Growth Autonomy, Growth Self-Determination, Growth Seeking, and Growth Externality. The questionnaire demonstrated good reliability and validity.

The study of psychosocial characteristics of youth with internet addiction

Objective: To explore the mental health status, coping styles, personality traits, and time management tendencies of adolescents with internet addiction, providing a theoretical basis for the mental and physical health education of these youth. Methods: A total of 2,784 students were screened for internet addiction using an internet addiction test questionnaire. Of the 80 identified internet addicts, 77 students were designated as the study group, and 80 students without a tendency towards internet addiction were selected as the control group. Both groups were evaluated using the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90), the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ), the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ), and the Adolescent Time Management Disposition Scale (ATMD). Results: The rate of internet addiction among adolescents was 3.1%. Except for the paranoid and psychotic factor scores, the study group's SCL-90 scores in the remaining eight factors were significantly higher than those of the control group (P&lt;0.01). The active coping dimension score of the SCSQ was significantly lower in the study group than in the control group (P&lt;0.01), while the passive coping dimension score was significantly higher (P&lt;0.01). The introversion and neuroticism dimension scores of the EPQ were significantly lower in the study group than in the control group (P&lt;0.01), while the psychoticism dimension score was significantly higher (P&lt;0.01). The ATMD scores for time value, time monitoring, and time efficacy were all significantly lower in the study group than in the control group (P&lt;0.01). Conclusion: Adolescents with internet addiction have poor mental health status, a more negative problem-solving approach, introverted and reclusive personality types, and unreasonable time management.

Using the five-factor questionnaire to study the personality of a specialist-cynologist of the security agencies of the Russian Federation

The article presents the results of using the Russian-language version of the “Big Five” personality questionnaire, in which personality is considered as a structure consisting of 5 factors, including many secondary factors. The subject of the study are psychological characteristics of the personality of dog handlers of law enforcement agencies of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as RF) at various stages of professionalisation. The author emphasises the relevance of studying and further psychological support of the professional development of dog handlers, with consideration to the fact that specifics of their service and professional activities in order to ensure the security of the country have no analogues and are unique. The results of a focused interview with experienced dog handlers with extensive experience in service cynology have formed the basis for constructing a psychograph for a specialist in the profile in question. Using the “Big Five” methodology, it is possible to identify the characteristic features of cadets studying in the field of training “Animal Science”, profile “Cynology”, and employees of canine services of the law enforcement agencies of the RF. The author correlates the results obtained and notes the correspondence of the psychological qualities of both groups of respondents to the professionally oriented qualities presented in the psychograph of a specialist dog handler of the law enforcement agencies of the RF. The five-factor questionnaire adapted by A.B. Khromov adequately describes the psychological characteristics of an individual and can be used in the study of various aspects of its professional development.

Effect of a psychoeducation program based on cognitive-behavioral psychodrama techniques on premenstrual syndrome symptoms: a randomized controlled trial

ABSTRACT Premenstrual syndrome is characterized by physical and psychological symptoms that negatively affect daily functioning. This study investigated the effect of a psychoeducation program based on cognitive-behavioral psychodrama techniques on premenstrual syndrome symptoms. This study utilized a 2 × 2 pretest-posttest, experimental-control group research design. The sample consisted of 32 participants randomized into experimental (n = 16) and control (n = 16) groups. The experimental group participated in a seven-session psychoeducation program based on cognitive-behavioral psychodrama techniques. Data were collected using a personal information questionnaire and the Premenstrual Syndrome Scale (PMSS). The experimental group demonstrated a significantly lower median posttest PMSS total and ‘depressive affect’, ‘fatigue’, ‘irritability’, ‘depressive thoughts’, ‘changes in appetite’ and ‘changes in sleeping habits’ subscale scores than the pretest score (p < .05). Moreover, the experimental group had a significantly lower median posttest ‘anxiety’ score than the control group (p = .021). A psychoeducational program based on cognitive-behavioral and psychodrama techniques can be used as an effective therapeutic intervention to relieve or managing premenstrual symptoms.

An empirical research of future rescuers’ professional self-realization

This article presents the results of an empirical study of future rescuers’ professional self-realization. It also describes the correlation analysis results. The aim of this research is to empirically investigate the future rescuers’ professional self-realization. To determine the features of the cognitive-behavioral component the following methods were applied for the research: “Prognosis” methods (that is the assessment of nerve-psychological stability (NPS)), the “SACS” methods (S.Hobfoll, adapted by N.Vodopianova, O.Starchenkova), the multifactor personality questionnaire FPI, the “Compass” methods, the “Diagnosis of the readiness for risk” methods (A. Shubert). To determine the motivational-value component we used the “Determination of life goals and personal values” methods by P. Ivanov, Y. Kolobova, the “Study of the personality motivational profile” methods by Sh. Ritchie and P. Martin; and as to the the emotional-volitional component we used the “Diagnosis of the empathic abilities level” methods (by V. Boiko). Psychophysiological measurements were also conducted at the “Psychological Training Ground” complex, and the average score in specialized disciplines was used.

Личностные особенности и самоотношение лиц с психогенным перееданием

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background. &lt;/strong&gt;According to the World Health Organization, in 2023, excess weight was observed in 2,5 billion adults aged 18 and older. Individuals with obesity suffer from chronic somatic diseases, face social isolation. Understanding the psychological and social factors behind weight gain allows us to develop effective programs to prevent obesity and help people lose weight. &lt;strong&gt;Objective.&lt;/strong&gt; The aim of this study is to analyze the analysis of personality traits and self-attitudes in individuals with excess body mass. &lt;strong&gt;Hypothesis.&lt;/strong&gt; Individuals with psychogenic overeating have an increased level of neuroticism, perfectionism and internal conflict, as well as reduced self-acceptance. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods. &lt;/strong&gt;101 people with eating disorders were examined. All respondents were divided into three groups according to the criterion of body mass index (BMI): 1 group - 33 people with pre-obesity and obesity of the first degree, average age 40&amp;plusmn;13 years; 2 group - 20 people with second degree obesity, average age 35&amp;plusmn;12 years; group 3 - 48 people with third degree obesity, average age 44&amp;plusmn;10 years. The socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents and medical documentation data were studied. Psychological testing was conducted using: the KON-2006 Neurotic Personality Questionnaire to assess neurotic personality traits, the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (MPS), a questionnaire to study self-esteem. &lt;strong&gt;Results. &lt;/strong&gt;Analysis of the study results showed a high level of neuroticism for individuals with different BMIs in all groups, the violation of self-attitude is primarily associated with the perception of one's appearance, perfectionism is not a personal feature associated with psychogenic overeating. Low self-esteem of external data is combined in them with narcissism and a positive assessment of their personal characteristics. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions. &lt;/strong&gt;The results obtained can be used to develop and improve the effectiveness of psychological weight correction programs for psychogenic overeating, based on taking into account the personal factors of obesity.&lt;/p&gt;

The Dominant Personality Trait in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease characterized by elevated blood sugar levels above the normal range. The global prevalence of DM increased, with over 90% of cases being Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). People attempted various physical therapies, including adopting a healthy lifestyle through dietary adjustments, physical activity, and pharmacological interventions. However, we have not extensively explored non-physical therapies related to personality traits, and the incidence of DM remains high. The Big Five Personality Theory encompasses openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism. Each personality trait is believed to have specific tendencies toward diseases, emphasizing the importance of identifying the dominant personality traits in T2DM patients. This study aims to identify the dominant personality type in T2DM patients based on the Big Five Personality Theory at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya. Methods: We employed a cross-sectional approach for data collection, using Big Five personality questionnaires as the primary data sources. Results: Among the 68 T2DM patients who participated in this study at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya, from October 2022 to May 2023, the mean age of patients was 51-60 years, with a majority of female participants (63.2%) and male participants (37.8%). The questionnaire results indicated that the dominant personality trait was agreeableness (85.3%). Conclusion: The dominant personality type in T2DM patients, according to the Big Five Personality Theory at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital Surabaya, was agreeableness (85.3%).

Personality Feedback With Tailored Self-Care Recommendations Improves Self-Efficacy for Cancer Management: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

To test whether a personality feedback intervention improves three domains of cancer self-management: self-awareness, self-efficacy, and positive affect. From 11/2020-02/2021, 372 adults diagnosed with cancer participated in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of an intervention that entailed reading a brief personality-related excerpt during an online survey. Eligibility included self-reported age ≥ 18years, current or past cancer diagnosis, and ability to read English. The survey included a baseline assessment with a personality questionnaire, then randomized participants to one of two groups. The intervention group (n=184) received a personality feedback report with tailored self-care tips, whereas the control group (n=188) received a generic reading on personality theory. At the end of the survey, participants completed outcome measures of self-awareness (primary), self-efficacy for illness management, and positive affect. General linear models tested between-group differences in changes from baseline to post-test on each outcome. There was no intervention effect on self-awareness (primary outcome) or positive affect. However, compared to controls, intervention participants experienced a greater increase in self-efficacy for illness management (d=0.33, p=0.002), including in 2 of 3 constituent domains: self-efficacy for managing symptoms (d=0.36, p<0.001) and self-efficacy for managing treatments/medication (d=0.22, p=0.035). Despite the primary outcome's null results, this was the first RCT of a personality feedback intervention to show improvements in self-efficacy for managing chronic illness. Given the important role of self-efficacy in self-management, the intervention has implications for other cancer outcomes. Follow-up studies on longer-term outcomes such as health behaviors and quality of life should be explored. NCT04625439.