Personal Experiences Of Participants Research Articles

THE FIRST EXPERIENCE OF RUSSIAN PARLIAMENTARISM IN THE ASSESSMENTS OF S.A. KOTLYAREVSKY

The article considers the views of the historian and jurist Sergey Andreevich Kotlyarevsky on the First State Duma of 1906 as the first legislative body of the people's representation, which marked the movement of the Russian Empire towards constitutional reforms. Through the prism of socio-political activity carried out by S.A. Kotlyarevsky, who was a deputy of the first Duma convocation and directly participated in the events preceding and accompanying its work, an important milestone in the history of the national state and law is highlighted. Being not only a scientist, but a practical ideologist as well, he developed the concept of the law-governed state, the provisions of which were reflected in the program statements of the Constitutional Democrats party, which became one of the active participants in the political processes of the period under review. It is noted that a progressive and obviously democratic nature of the scientist's views sound up-to-date in the principles of building the Russian state. One of them is the idea of universal suffrage and the party principle of building parliamentary representation. At this, it is pointed out that it is necessary to transform the state system in the key of reforming the political system, dialogue of forces and legal ways of resolving conflict issues. It is indicated that his views were developed on the basis of his personal experience of participation in the political events under consideration, in connection with which he gives a negative assessment to the work of the first Russian legislative body and erroneous positions of political parties. However, it was with the institution of parliamentarism, which had great potential for the peaceful transformation of the country, that the hopes and ideas of the scientist and socio-political figure about the embodiment of constitutionalism and the rule of law in Russia were connected.

Characteristics of Christian College Faculty Who Prioritize Students’ Development of Vocational Calling

Interviews were conducted with 15 faculty members across three Christian U.S. university campuses in seeking to identify the attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors of faculty who had been identified by institutional leaders in the area of calling and vocation as prioritizing the development of a sense of vocational calling in their students’ lives. This study led to the identification of four personal experiences of participants and four types of interactions with students as major themes. Specifically, the four experiences that emerged during data analysis were a recognition of God’s activity in calling; an appreciation of the influence of others on their vocational choice; an understanding of calling as a process; and the perception of pressure felt by students to consider their vocational calling. Participants also reported engaging in certain types of interactions with students. In specific, they displayed an attitude of helpfulness in matters large and small, integrated their personal faith with their teaching, shared their personal stories of faith and vocational calling with their students, and promoted experiential education to their students. Each of the themes was examined in light of existing higher education research. Implications for practice and recommendations for future research are presented. This study contributes to the literature related to the role of calling and vocation in the lives of college students and faculty and proposes a theory and model describing opportunities for influence by Christian college faculty on students’ development of a sense of vocational calling.

INTELLECTUAL INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE ACTIVITIES OF THE EMERGENCY RESCUE SERVICE

The paper considers the features of the use of intelligent information technologiesin the process of the emergency rescue service of the enterprise. To improve the efficiencyof the rescue services, it is necessary to carry out strategic planning and management,which would be designed to prevent the occurrence of an emergency (emergency). Effectivesubsystems of emergency proactive planning should not only predict the occurrence ofpossible emergencies, but also provide for appropriate preventive measures, and emphasisshould be placed on eliminating the underlying causes, not the emerging consequences. Thechange of modes in the event of an emergency can be effectively implemented through thedeployment of a technologically secured situational center. Decisions in emergency situationsare made in various operational situations, including crisis, and in extremely limited time.Nevertheless, they must be taken in a timely manner, be as reasonable as possible, and ensurethe fullest and most effective use of available opportunities. Decision-making processescan be based on the personal experience of participants in the management process. As youcarry out your professional activity, experience is formed, which subsequently allows you toperform some tasks much faster and more efficiently. To gain experience, it is proposed to usea knowledge management system based on ontology. In order to ensure maximum awarenessof the management of the situation, it is proposed to use the expert system of the situationcenter. (ES SC) The ES of the situational center of the authorities can significantly improvethe efficiency of management processes and provides information support for strategic andtactical management decision-making. The ES should implement tools for a comprehensiveand operational assessment of the state of the management object and situational analysis ofthe identified problems.

Effectiveness of an Alcohol Screening and Brief Intervention for Low-Income Clients Drinking at a High-Risk Level in Social Service Settings in Korea

The present study was the first to investigate the effectiveness of an alcohol screening and brief intervention (ASBI) for high-risk drinkers of low socioeconomic status in the Korean community social service setting. A total of 153 clients of social service agencies participated in this study. Clients in the experimental group received interventions which were composed of screening for alcohol problems and brief motivational interventions. Clients in the comparison group received only the alcohol problems screening. The amount of alcohol consumption as the primary outcome variable was measured one time before intervention and three times after intervention. When analyses were conducted separately for participants from self-sufficiency centers and community welfare centers, there was a significant time and group interaction effect. The weekly alcohol consumption of the experimental group was gradually reduced over time. However, the amount of the comparison group was reduced at the 1-month follow-up but was increased at the eight-week and 12-week follow-ups. Overall, study findings yielded partial support for the effectiveness of ASBI. ASBI was effective in reducing alcohol consumption among clients from self-sufficiency centers. Future studies need to confirm the effectiveness of an ASBI more rigorously and conduct qualitative studies to further understand personal experiences of participants.

Quality. Local. Social. What else? – Which factors motivate consumers to participate in alternative food networks in Hungary?

Alternative food network (AFN) cases are now reported in many countries worldwide. They are growing in Hungary as well, though the alternative food movement is still at an early stage of development (Benedek & Balázs, 2014a). The current study aims to deepen our understanding of the personal experience of participants in AFNs in Hungary by revealing their motivation for participation. This paper presents empirical research carried out among members of different AFNs located in Hungary. Based on the analysis of qualitative interviews, the main motivational factors are identified by the different types of AFNs. Two types of motivational factors can be classified: individual and community-based factors. The individual factors range from security-based factors to self-realization-related factors, in line with the classical model of Maslow’s theory of needs (1943). The community-based motivational factors range from motivations directly related to the community around food to abstract ideas related to the food system.

Exploring health and well-being in Taiwan: what we can learn from individuals\u2019 narratives

BackgroundOur aim was to explore the concepts of health and well-being from the point of view of the people experiencing them. Most of the efforts to understand these concepts have focused on disease prevention and treatment. Less is known about how individuals achieve health and well-being, and their roles in the pursuit of a good life. We hoped to identify important components of these concepts that may provide new targets and messages to strengthen existing public health programs. An improved understanding of health and well-being - or what it means to be well - can guide interventions that help people lead healthier, more fulfilling lives.MethodsUsing a grounded qualitative approach drawing from narrative inquiry, we interviewed 24 Taiwanese adults. Thematic inductive coding was employed to explore the nature of health and well-being.ResultsEight constituent domains emerged regarding well-being and health. While the same domains were found for both constructs, important frequency differences were found when participants discussed health versus well-being. Physical health and lifestyle behaviors emerged as key domains for health. Disease-related comments were the most frequently mentioned sub-category within the physical health domain, along with health care use and aging-related changes. For well-being, family and finances emerged as key domains. Family appears to be a cornerstone element of well-being in this sample, with participants often describing their personal well-being as closely tied to - and often indistinguishable from - their family. Other domains included work-life, sense of self, resilience, and religion/spirituality.ConclusionsHealth and well-being are complex and multifaceted constructs, with participants discussing their constituent domains in a very interconnected manner. Programs and policies intended to promote health and well-being may benefit from considering these domains as culturally-appropriate leverage points to bring about change. Additionally, while the domains identified in this study are person-centered (i.e., reflecting the personal experiences of participants), the stories that participants offered provided insights into how well-being and health are influenced by structural, societal and cultural factors. Our findings also offer an opportunity for future refinement and rethinking of existing measurement tools surrounding these constructs.

Storytelling of bureaucratic white-collar crimes in Indonesia: is it a matter of reciprocal norm?

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to contribute to the existing fraud studies and theory (fraud triangle) from bureaucratic crime perspectives. Importantly, this paper answers calls on research, exploring the routines of interaction both micro- and social psychological constructs in studying fraudulent behaviours. These aspects are relatively new, which have a little attention from auditing and fraud literature.Design/methodology/approachExperienced fraud perpetrators were used for this study. A semi-structured interview technique was used, allowing to uncover rich descriptive data on the personal experiences of participants. It allowed them to tell and illustrate why and how they get involved in fraudulent activities.FindingsMany explanations, from a wide variety of perspectives, have been advanced to explain why people commit fraud in bureaucracy. Using reciprocity and exchange theory as a basis, it was found strong evidence for expanding fraud triangle theory (Cressey, 1953) as a predictor of individual’s intention to commit white-collar crimes. Evidence of these results provides a new challenge to other accounts of why systemic fraud would or would not occur. In this point, it highlights the concepts of social exchange and the norm of reciprocity serve as a useful beginning for explaining the factors that cause someone to commit occupational fraud. Generally, a number of distinct empirical and theoretical contributions arise from the current study.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the enrichment of fraud theory and literature, from psychological perspectives. With regard to the reciprocity between peers within and outside organisation, it offers theoretical frameworks about the reasons for the decisions to commit white-collar crimes. As such, it advances fraud and auditing studies.

AND THE MILITARY BASES DURING THE MOVEMENT, DURING THE OPERATION OF INCORPORATED FORCES

The article analyzes the factors that influence the organization of technical support during the movement to take into account the experience of conducting an anti-terrorist operation (the operation of the combined forces) in the Donetsk and Luhansk regions. Changes in the nature of the armed struggle, the development of operations (combat operations), forms and methods of performing combat missions of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, and the further development of a comprehensive supply system necessitate the further development and improvement of the Armed Forces technical support system, rational distribution and use of forces, the purpose of timely restoration of samples of weapons and military equipment, uninterrupted supply of missiles and ammunition, replenishment of military technical facilities and, consequently, obtaining the benefits of the actions of units in a short time. It is known that the movement of troops (forces) is carried out for the purpose of fast and rapid deployment, the creation of appropriate groups of troops (forces) in designated areas (areas) to perform combat missions. Accordingly, the technical support system is entrusted with a number of heterogeneous tasks, the performance of which ensures the success of the movement of troops (forces) and the creation of appropriate groups. In recent times, the issue of technical support for the movement of troops (forces) has received little attention during various kinds of research, and the problems that arise during the organization and maintenance are considered only superficially. It is these issues that have become most urgent in our time, during the conduct of the anti-terrorist operation (the operation of the combined forces) in the territory of Donetsk and Luhansk regions. Maintenance issues, such as maintenance, restoration and maintenance of military-technical assets, are crucial, and the imperfection of management and failures in the organization of the entire process have a negative impact on the level of combat readiness of the troops, and sometimes lead to unjustified human casualties. The analysis of the consequences of organizational and staffing activities carried out in recent years on the reduction of technical support units and their numbers, personal experience of participation in ATO /OCF in the Donetsk and Luhansk regions shows that the technical support system does not fully allow for a full range of relevant measures, to which they rely.

Ностальгия в системе базовых оппозиций „добро” и „зло” в автодокументальных произведениях Людмилы Улицкой „Детство 45–53: а завтра будет счастье” и Светланы Алексиевич „Время секонд хэнд”

The vision of the world portrayed in L. Ulitskaya’s and S. Alexievich’s books is built upon the basic opposition of good and evil. The category of prosthetic memory is juxtaposed with the personal experience of participants and witnesses of the past epoch who tell us about the past. The memories of the lost paradise of the serene years bring about narrators’ and responders’ nostalgia.

ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ КУЛЬТУРЫ И СОЦИАЛЬНЫХ КОМПЕТЕНЦИЙ СТАРШЕКЛАССНИКОВ РОССИИ И США

Problem and purpose. The article considers the issue of peculiarities of economic culture and social competencies formation in senior school students of Russia and the USA. They allow them to manage their education in their lifetime and correctly determine the direction of their activity and educate themselves. The purpose of the article is in providing the results of the comparative Russian and foreign scientific literature connected with the formation of economic culture and social competencies of senior school students based on their personal experiences of participation in a number of educational programs implemented in schools as well as with designation of a list of problems which are most sought after in pedagogical study connected with the problems of economic culture and social competencies formation in senior school students. Methodology of the study comprises analysis and generalization of a set of studies of foreign and Russian scientists (S. Cummings, D. Taebel; B. Staudt, 2016;                   T.P. Grass, 2015; L.P. Saksonova, I.G. Zakharova, 2008 and etc.) as well as the generalization of the experience of economic culture and social competencies formation in senior school students of Russia and the USA. Results. The article characterizes constituent elements of the mechanism of economic culture and social competencies formation in senior school students of Russia and the USA. The results of the study allow to broaden the representation of constituent elements of the mechanism of the formation of economic culture and social competencies of senior school students in both countries. Besides the given results permit to find out the possibilities of the application of positive experience of economic culture and social competencies formation of senior school students in practice in Russia. Conclusion. Analyzing the results of the given article, the authors come to the conclusion that special attention is paid to the formation of economic culture and developing social competencies of senior school students in both countries. In Russia measures to activate both the youth and population financial and economic literacy have been taken of late but only on the basis of virtual or theoretical approaches without taking into account Russian employers’ opinion. In the USA the success of the formation of economic culture and social competencies depends on the real entrepreneurial activity of senior school students in practice, on the critical evaluation of employers, on practical skills, competencies and the desire to work responsibly.

Materials for the Study of Polish-Ukrainian Relations (Folklore Study, Ethnomusicology)

In the last decades, Polish-Ukrainian in the field of ethnomusicology and folklore-studies have significantly intensified, which is the result of several generations of scientists’ and practitians’ activities reflected in diverse sources. The factology is generalized on the basis of the involved materials (bibliographical indexes, scientific literature, collections of folk music samples, audio editions, internet resources data on scientific and creativeprojects, personal experience of participation in the latter, etc.). The purpose of the article is to determine the fields of activity of ethno-musicologists and folklore researchers, to propose the systematization of subject–object relations that have developed when studying the Polish and Ukrainian ethno-music. The subjects of this process are Polish & Ukrainian ethnologists and folklorists, both scholars and amateurs living on the territory of Poland & Ukraine – respectively, they are divided into four groups. Object of consideration is Polish & Ukrainian ethno-music. Information on relations of subject–object is formalized in the table 1, which is accompanied by a number of examples and presented within the comments to bibliography and audio-editions. The author's tasks are to note the role of some outstanding figures in the sphere of the considered relations, to identify common problematic and thematic fields of scientific interests, to take into account the main forms of work with folklore (field record of musical samples (primary – by ear), description of ethnographic information, musical transcripts, compilation and edition of materials, analytical research, approbation in papers and / or publications, performers’ authentic reconstruction, popularization of ethno-music by reconstructive ensembles, audio- and video records, audio editions of ethnomusic by authentic and scientific ethnographic groups), to give a supplement to existing inventories of sources. Both well-known and little-known materials are displayed. The research does not pretend to cover fully the scope of the considerate relations, which are constantly developing. Described is the author's vision of the possible systematization of materials as a multi-level manifestation of connections in the field of folk music studies andethnomusicology. It is concluded that, for a number of reasons, the studying of Ukrainian ethnomusic by Polish scientists and practitians in modern Poland (as well as in historical one) occurs more intensively than mastering of Polish folk in Ukraine.The synchronous «slice» of the current state of Polish-Ukrainian relations is the result of a long-term process. The historical approach requires taking into account the complex vicissitudes of Central and Eastern Europe history (the dislocations of state borders, the eviction of autochthonous ethnic groups, etc.). Therefore both Poles and Ukrainians live now on the territory of their own state and the neighbouring one, where they became one of the national minorities. As a result, the scientific research and performing popularization of the achievements of each national culture take place on both sides of the state border. The strengthening of scientific and creative ties on the continental and marginal ethnic territories has led today to the new their quality.

Time, Space, and Rationality: Rethinking Political Action through the Example of Montreal's Student Spring

Because of a changing relationship with time, space, and affect in a more urbanized world, political actions and social movement practices have transcended the modern, state-oriented logic of action. Following this claim, this paper questions a specifically urban way of acting politically. To answer this question, we need to begin by “looking” for politics in the kinds of places that political scientists generally overlook for political analysis. Understanding the urban logic of political action cannot come solely from an observation of political campaigns, ideologies, political organizations, or interviews with social movement leaders. Using the 2012 student strike in Montreal as our focus, we are taking a different analytical angle that focuses more closely on the personal experience of participation, the personal trajectories of the participating students and the effect of this intense mobilization. This research project uses biometric tools, spatial data and qualitative data to investigate political participation and its relation to the city space.

Personal Experience of Education for Formaly Organised Older Volunteering

Despite various authors pointing out that the education of older adult volunteers is important, there has been little attempt to explain the personal experience of participants in particular educational situations. The aim of this research was to investigate the experience of older adults—students of Slovenian Third Age University—related to the devising and delivering a museum-based educational programme and formaly organised voluntary work of cultural mediators in museums. The research paradigm was phenomenological. Ethnographic participatory observation and semi-structured interviews were applied. An integrated, holistic approach research design was based on purposive samples of three groups of participants: older volunteers, museum staff and older adult educators (authors of the project). The results of the research are related to the findings about how older adults’ education and volunteering of was personally experienced by different actors in the project. Four themes were defined: personal motivation, expectations, involvement and general understanding of the importance of the project. It is suggested that the experience and perception of volunteers by institution staff is one of the most important factors for the development of older adult volunteering in a formal organisational setting.

Воспоминания российских офицеров как источник по истории русско-турецкой войны 1828–1829 гг. (на примере А.И. Михайловского-Данилевского и Ф.Ф. Торнау)

“Memories of Russian officers as a source on the history of Russian-Turkish war of 1828–1829. (On an example of A.I. Mikhailovsky-Danilevsky and F.F. Tornau)”. In the article is made a comparative analysis of the memoirs of officers of various links of the Russian army on the Russian-Turkish war of 1828-1829. A.I. Mikhailovsky-Danilevsky had little personal experience of participation in the immediate life of troops in a campaign in 1829. Therefore his generalizing opinion, as a manager, paradoxically combined with the low informativeness. F.F. Tornau has passed campaign in 1829 at the lowest officer posts of the General Staff. Therefore, his memories more deeply and versatile. Informative component of sources is divided us into four blocks. A significant place in the memoirs is given to life of the rearward and the army. However, it is mainly the life of the officers. Soldier's everyday life in these memoirs practically not displayed.

Risk control and rational recreation: A qualitative analysis of synthetic drug use among young urbanites in China

BackgroundTo fight against the rapid growth of synthetic drugs, the Chinese government has strengthened the controls and regulation, incorporated synthetic drugs into the new detoxification system, and changed the inconsistent governance of synthetic and traditional drugs. This, however, has not stopped the spread of synthetic drugs among young urbanites. While scholars have focused on the loopholes and defects of specific drug control regulations, ethnographic inquiries illustrate how and why control does not work, or is even resisted by young drug users. MethodsIn-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with 28 individuals aged between 20 and 35, recruited from a cohort of synthetic drug users in a Shanghai drug rehabilitation centre. Audio-recorded interviews elicited accounts of their daily experiences of drug use as well as their perspectives on the impact of the government's new drug control policies. ResultsThe main themes voiced by our respondents include: (1) synthetic drugs are not addictive, and are used to feel ‘high’; (2) synthetic drugs are used to achieve their goals, which are otherwise impossible through mainstream means; (3) users are confident that they will be able to manage the use of synthetic drugs without harm to themselves; (4) their worries concern administrative punishment rather than consequences to health. ConclusionThe participants of this study did not support the government's attempts to control the use of synthetic drugs. They viewed their use as rational recreation under the perceived boundaries of ‘acceptable risks’. Even in the context of severe control, synthetic drugs have strong appeal to youths. Drug policy should acknowledge the experiences of users and consider the socio-cultural contexts of youth drug-taking. The personal experience of participants could help improve the Chinese Drug Control Act and regulations.

Evaluating the Effectiveness of a Marriage and Relationship Education Program: A Qualitative Perspective

The purpose of this study was to understand the experiences of both participants and educators in the Building Healthy Marriages (BHM) program. This program aimed to educate couples and increase relationship satisfaction. The researchers utilized a phenomenological methodology designed to elicit thick descriptions of the personal experiences of participants and educators in this program (Creswell 2007). The sample consisted of 23 participants and 7 educators. Results showed that participants cultivated relationship skills that had positive, long-lasting impacts on their relationship satisfaction not only with their partners but also with others, including family (especially their children), friends, and coworkers.

The Underclass of Higher Education? Over-worked and under-supported Foundation Degree students and achieving work/study balance

This study aims to further develop an understanding of the part-time foundation degree (FD) student experience in relation to the employment aspect of their lives. Ninety-two FD students, studying within the Sunderland School of Leadership and Management at Sunderland College UK, participated in a survey to investigate the challenges of balancing part-time study with employment commitments. The demographic characteristics of this specific sample of non-traditional students are defined as predominantly working class, mature, female, married, parents, or the first generation in their family to participate in higher education. The paper investigates their personal experiences of participation in higher education and their methods of combining their scholarly activities with employment. It determines that the support received from a range of people, including partners, family, friends, employers and work colleagues to be the key factors which positively or negatively assist non-traditional students to integrate higher education study with their employment commitments. It is suggested that employers in particular have responsibilities in reducing or combating the struggle to achieve an effective work/study balance. It is argued that increases in the numbers of working class, mature students succeeding in higher education can be encouraged through improved employer support, which will likely involve positive transformations in employer and colleague attitudes and organisational culture. Where such an employer attitude does not exist, students should take action to re-negotiate working arrangements with their employer.

The experiences of heart failure patients following their participation in self-management patient education programmes: A systematic review.

Review question/objective What are the experiences of heart failure patients following their participation in patient education programmes for self-managed care? Inclusion criteria Types of participants The review will consider studies that include adult patients with a diagnosis of heart failure, 18 years and older, who participated in patient education programmes for self-managed care. Types of intervention(s)/phenomena of interest Self-management patient education programmes are variously described in the literature and vary in duration, include different set of self-management strategies, short term interventions, expected outcomes and follow-up. Patient education and self-management skills are often tailored to patients' functional and psychological well-being. Interventions may be variously described in the studies as nurse led, multidisciplinary, discharge education, patient education programme, and may target specific aspects of symptom management. Types of outcomes The review will focus on patients’ personal experiences of participation in a self management programme and their subsequent care practices in relation to health outcomes.

The meaning of social context: experiences of and educational outcomes of participation in two different sport contexts

Based on a general belief in society about the good outcome of sport, this article critically examines the meaning—that is both the personal experience of participation and the potential educational outcome—which is derived from participation in two sport contexts under the umbrella of the Sports City Program (SCP) in Norway. With a theoretical framework based on the field theory of Bourdieu, and a qualitative methodological approach, the article indicates that there are differences within the SCP, with one pole of the SCP close to conventional sport, and the other pole more distinctly different from conventional sport. In short, there are different meanings derived from pursuing different contexts of the subfield of the SCP. Different sport contexts attract different adolescents, produce different experiences, and facilitate different educational opportunities. Out of the two SCP contexts investigated, the context most similar to conventional sport is based on family socialization and facilitates reproduction, while the context most distinct from conventional sport attracts other adolescents and clears the ground for self governance and an ‘adolescent lifestyle’.

Educational credit in Russia: Problems and prospects

The paper analyzes problems and prospects of education crediting in Russia, sums up the author’s personal experience of participation in the development and management of the education crediting system within the framework of a private business initiative (the Credo program), as well as in various working groups (at the Russian Federation State Duma, the Ministry of Education and Science, the Russian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs, etc.) set up to discuss opportunities and to work out recommendations for the development of educational credit in the Russian Federation.