PDAs Research Articles

Patent ductus arteriosus stenting via femoral approach with wire twist technique: a case report

IntroductionPatent ductus arteriosus (PDA) stenting has emerged as a viable alternative to surgical interventions for ductus arteriosus-dependent pulmonary circulation. Several approaches and techniques have been reported but have had limited success.We present three cases of PDA stenting involving several types of PDA morphologies using the femoral vessel approach and introduce a highly successful technique.Case presentationCase 1: A 3-day-old female with pulmonary atresia and an intact ventricular septum had two stents implanted via the femoral artery (FA) in a PDA originating from the descending aorta. A 0.014-inch coronary guidewire was secured in the peripheral pulmonary artery (PA) to aid stent tracking, achieving postoperative oxygen saturation (SpO2) of 88%.Case 2: An 11-day-old male with pulmonary atresia and ventricular septal defect (PA/VSD) had a stent implanted in a PDA arising from the inferior aspect of the aortic arch via the femoral vein (FV). Postoperative SpO2 reached 92%.Case 3: A 2-month-old female with PA/VSD received two stents via the FA in a PDA originating from the innominate artery, achieving a postoperative SpO2 of 88%.ConclusionsThe wire twist technique is useful for implanting PDA stents through the transfemoral approach.

Perceived Health Risks Associated with Smartphone Use Among Health College Students at Qassim University in Saudi Arabia

Background Smartphones have evolved into a fusion of traditional personal digital assistants and cellular phones, integrating mobile communication capabilities with features parallel to those of a handheld computer. Objective This study aimed to assess the health risks associated with smartphone use and the prevalence and nature of observed health issues among health college students at Qassim University in Saudi Arabia. Methods Employing a descriptive cross-sectional research design, this study surveyed a convenience sample of 511 health college students at Qassim University. The data collection instrument comprised two sections: Section 1 assessed sociodemographic, academic, and health-related information, while Section 2 evaluated the health risks as perceived by students. Results The majority of the participants were women (71%) and were studying nursing (26%). A significant proportion (39.9%) reported blurred vision, while 38.6% indicated a lack of adequate sleep. Notably, no significant association was observed between the health complaints and sociodemographic information. The analysis also revealed no significant relationship between health complaints and smartphone usage patterns. Conclusion The findings highlight a critical need for further research to investigate the factors contributing to the effect of smartphone use on the physiological well-being of university students. Such research is essential for developing targeted interventions to mitigate the associated health risks.

Effectiveness of blister chemotherapy drug safety management on complications of peripherally inserted central catheters based on Internet of things algorithm-based artificial intelligence personal digital assistants model.

Effectiveness of blister chemotherapy drug safety management on complications of peripherally inserted central catheters based on Internet of things algorithm-based artificial intelligence personal digital assistants model.

Telehealth Support System Using Wireless Technologies: The Case of Ethiopia

The explosion of wireless technologies including wireless networks, large flat displays, sensors, personal digital assistants (PDA), smartphones, and embedded devices are playing a great role in the communication and service delivery of daily life. Nowadays it is possible to extend different applications such as providing voice calls, remote consultation, remote discussion, remote health service, access other applications, and so on wirelessly to anywhere in the world over short or long distances. In consideration of the various advantages of wireless technologies, in this work, the aim to explore the use of wireless technologies in the health domain for remote health domain. The main objective of this work is to design and implement a telehealth support system that helps improve the quality of the existing health system. The system allows health professionals to have adequate access to patients, to medical information, to give health-related services remotely, remote consultation, and remote education to patients/people anywhere and anytime. This telehealth support system is developed using a Java programming language with different editions for different purposes such as J2EE to develop both server-side and client-side applications of the system, JSP to design the web interface for the server-side application of the system, J2ME CLDC/MIDP platform which ships with J2ME wireless toolkit emulator to develop and demonstrate MIDlet applications on the target small computing device, and MySQL database for data storage management.

ICT Adoption and Improving Service Delivery within the Municipalities of the North-West Province, South Africa

The advent of Information Communication Technologies (ICTs) has brought rapid communication transformation from analogue to digital. The digital divide poses a greater threat towards community service and rural development, with the government failing to provide effective and efficient communication strategies for service delivery to rural communities. The study found that the North-West province needs to communicate more adequately with its communities, failing to achieve its objective towards its rural communities. Thus individuals within the development communication process are agents of change, not just recipients of a development initiative but active participants and contributors of knowledge and information. Theoretically, the study pegged on, Information Communication Technologies for Development (ICT4D) which refers to “theories of Change”, not only implying the designation of technologies and diffusion but a multifaceted, dynamic, and contentious socio-economic and technological process. This study employed qualitative techniques and purposive sampling to gather data, through interviews and questionnaires, for both communication directors and community members. Thematic analysis was employed to reach the conclusion of the study. The study recommends that the use of smartphones and M-technology in all provincial departments would enhance their service deliveries and that the introduction of digital platforms such as the North-West Service Delivery App and the introduction of Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) are essential for effective and efficient socio-economic and technological development of the rural communities within the province. The study will provide insight and add to the current discourse on the importance of ICT adoption for rural development. Keywords: M-Technology, E-Governance, Economic Openness, Municipalities, Rural Development, Artificial Intelligence

Specific Investigations Concerning the Improveable Multiplier Architecture of High-Speed and Area-Efficient Adders

Over the past few decades, the growth of portable devices such as laptops, mobile phone and personal digital assistant has resulted in increasing demand for complex functionality with effective computation. The present day technology is known for digital systems with very high computing capabilities. The demand for high speed, low power integrated circuits for portable devices has become crucial. The never ending growing complexities of integrated circuit for future devices pose a challenging task for integrated circuit designer. Cost effective integrated circuits requires the design meeting out the challenging task to optimize power, area with high performance. Hence this research focuses on the optimization of area, power and speed of Arithmetic circuits, Very Large Scale Integrated circuits (VLSI) are widely used in Arithmetic circuits, Digital Signal Processing (DSP), Image and Video Processing applications

A proposed Cost-Effective approach using smartphones for capturing descriptive data for geographic information systems

Nowadays, achieving precise positioning accuracy may be accomplished by using an expensive geodetic receiver (GNSS). Moreover, some applications do not need such exact positional precision. In recent times, smartphones have included Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) to determine their location, particularly for collecting descriptive data to update the attribute data of geographic information systems (GIS). This process does not require high levels of positional precision. The present study comprises two experiments. The first experiment is conducted in a small, unobstructed local region that provides optimal circumstances. Its purpose is to demonstrate the varying levels of precision in Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) for precise point positioning (PPP). Both single- and dual-frequency devices are used, and the International GNSS Service (IGS) correction is applied to highlight the fact that high accuracy is not necessarily required. Conversely, the second proposal proposes a cost-effective idea for an application that may be developed utilizing a smartphone to update attribute data instead of relying on a personal digital assistant (PDA) device and PPP. The accuracy ranges were determined by applying PPP, GNSS, and IGS adjustments. For single frequency, the range was 0.054 m to 0.330 m, while for dual frequency; it was 0.053 m to 0.280 m. The accuracy of location utilizing a single-frequency GNSS on a smartphone ranged from 1.2 m to 1.6 m, as shown by the revised descriptive data in GIS applications.

Dynamic Scrolling Display

Dynamic Scrolling Display is a conventional method of posting notices on boards for discussion, the Dynamic Scrolling Display enables us to deliver messages nearly instantly and without delay. This proposed technology can be utilized in public spaces such as campuses to improve security, raise awareness of emergencies, and assist individuals in avoiding numerous risks. Applications for Android-based personal digital assistants are used for this purpose, enabling Wi-Fi connection between them and a remote wireless display board. Two distinct applications have been realized using the established system: one for wireless person calling and the other for displaying messages on a remote display. Additionally, it saves time and money on paper and printing hardware. Key Words: Data transfer, Wireless Communication, LED, Internet of Things (IOT), Wi-Fi.

“Sorry, I Don’t Understand …”: effects of task type, personality presentation and performance error on user trust of a personal digital assistant

PurposeBased on the theoretical predictions of media equation theory and the computers-are-social-actors (CASA) perspective, this study aims to examine the effects of performance error type (i.e. logical, semantic or syntactic), task type and personality presentation (i.e. dominant/submissive and/or friendly/unfriendly) on users’ level of trust in their personal digital assistant (PDA), Siri.Design/methodology/approachAn experimental study of human–PDA interactions was performed with two types of tasks (social vs functional) randomly assigned to participants (N = 163). While interacting with Siri in 15 task inquiries, the participants recorded Siri’s answers for each inquiry and self-rated their trust in the PDA. The answers were coded and rated by the researchers for personality presentation and error type.FindingsLogical errors were the most detrimental to user trust. Users’ trust of Siri was significantly higher after functional tasks compared to social tasks when the effects of general usage (e.g. proficiency, length and frequency of usage) were controlled for. The perception of a friendly personality from Siri had an opposite effect on social and functional tasks in the perceived reliability dimension of trust and increased intensity of the presented personality reduced perceived reliability in functional tasks.Originality/valueThe research findings contradict predictions from media equation theory and the CASA perspective while contributing to a theoretical refinement of machine errors and their impact on user trust.

Cloud Computing and Mobile Technologies as a Marketing Strategy towards Innovation and Business Growth among Small Tourism Enterprises

This study examined the impact of Cloud Computing and Mobile Technologies as marketing strategy towards innovation, business growth among small tourism enterprises (STEs). Mobile commerce is viewed as next generation, e-commerce refers to any transactions, either direct or indirect, via mobile devices, such as phones or personal digital assistants (PDAs). Most significant features of mobile technology are mobility and portability. Ability to access services ubiquitously, on the move, through wireless networks, various devices. The study highlights business risk of being left behind and gives a contemporary research gap, how frequent businesses are engaging with mobile technologies and innovation marketing strategies. Positivist Paradigm- Targeted population were Southern African border countries players in STEs. Data analysis utilised SMARTPLS, Tested CFA, Model Fit, Reliability and Validity, Path Modelling and hypothesis. Raosoft calculator was used to calculate sample size. Calculation considered population of approximately 350 STEs officially registered with Southern Africa Tourism Services Association (SATSA), a 5% margin of error, 90% confidence interval & recommended 50% distribution, and returned a minimum sample size of 184 respondents. Findings revealed transactions can be business to business applications (targeted to other firms, business to consumer applications (targeted to final customers, e.g. advertisements based on SMS/ MMS) e- catalogues on what the small tourism enterprise offers and networking regionally and at global level. Keywords: cloud computing, innovation, mobile technology, tourism enterprise, marketing strategy, business growth

The Consulting Research of ABC Warehouse

After discovering the existing problem in the HK distribution center of ABC, our research team got in touch with the staff of the warehouse and then completed the diagnosis of the problem as well as the consideration of optimization actions through the interview, combined with literature analysis. Our team interviewed 4 employees and summarized the current workflow and existing workarounds in the warehouse. In the current working environment, employees are under high work pressure, a high error rate, and the workflow does not match the work system. We put forward the system optimization suggestions for integrating Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), Warehouse Management System (WMS), and Ultra Wide Band (UWB) positioning technology and make corresponding adjustments in both equipment and management, hoping to get the expected outcomes of the intervention.

Establishment of a digital electrocardiogram telemonitoring system and remote consultation service.

The use of telemonitoring electrocardiogram (ECG) improves the detection rate of various arrhythmias as it offers an extended recording time and does not impose activity restrictions. However, many community hospitals lack the resources to conduct this test due to a lack of cardiac function specialists and antiquated screening equipment. To establish a digital ECG telemonitoring system and remote consultation service between tertiary hospitals and community medical service stations to improve diagnosis and treatment effectiveness. We used the PI ECG telemonitoring data acquisition system, with a personal digital assistant (PDA) or computer serving as the platform for ECG acquisition, storage, display, printing, and transmission. We introduced this system to standardize the storage and transmission of ECG telemonitoring data, and ensure accurate transmission, reproducibility, and preservation of data. The implementation of the PI ECG telemonitoring data acquisition system enabled the sharing of remote ambulatory electrocardiography data between Beijing Shijitan Hospital and its affiliated community hospitals. This has resulted in reduced waiting times for patients to receive reports (from 0.3 to 1 hour, to 0.1 or less), shortened consultation times (from 2 hours to 0.1 hour), and improved patient satisfaction with consultations (> 20% of the patients reported they were highly satisfied). The system successfully combined the goals of intelligence, real-time synchronization, and efficiency, revolutionizing ECG telemonitoring diagnosis in the network era. Sharing digital telematics information between tertiary and community hospitals enables a tiered approach to diagnosis and treatment and allows for more efficient, accurate, and convenient remote diagnostics.

Manfaat E-Commerce terhadap Dunia Bisnis

Electronic Commerce (e-commerce) is the process of buying, selling or exchanging products, services and information via computer networks. e-commerce is part of e-business, where the scope of e-business is broader, not only commercial but also includes business partners, customer service, job vacancies. Apart from www network technology, e-commerce technology also requires a database, email or electronic mail (e-mail), and non-computer technology as well as other delivery systems, and payment tools for e-commerce. With electronic commerce (e-commerce), customers can access and place orders from various places. Considering the increasingly advanced era of technology, customers who want to access e-commerce do not have to be everywhere, this is because in big cities in Indonesia there are many places that provide internet access facilities just by using a laptop/notebook. . or with a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) using wifi technology. Thus, currently it is very necessary and desirable for companies to implement e-commerce services. The use of e-commerce in Indonesia is still very limited. From the existing background, the author will discuss how e-commerce is utilized for business purposes.

Abstract 3937: Investigating the role of fibulin 3 in pancreatic tumorigenesis

Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is a highly lethal malignancy with a five-year survival rate of less than 11%, making it one of the deadliest cancers. Notably, 95% of PDA cases exhibit KRAS mutations, contributing to highly dysregulated cell signaling networks. Despite extensive research into the interplay of various oncogenic pathways in pancreatic tumorigenesis, targeted therapies against these signaling networks have displayed modest efficacy, with most patients rapidly developing therapeutic resistance. Recent studies highlight the significance of the carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) as a functional biomarker linked to disease progression and resistance. However, understanding the detailed functions of CA19-9-modified proteins in PDA has been limited due to the lack of adequate models for synthesizing CA19-9. To address this challenge, we have developed unique mouse and 3D organoid culture models capable of producing CA19-9. CA19-9 elevation in mice with KRAS-mutations results in an aggressive PDA phenotype through increased tumor proliferation and microenvironment (TME) remodeling. Furthermore, our research has identified Fibulin 3 (FBLN3), an extracellular matrix glycoprotein, as a secreted, CA19-9-modified protein that stimulates tumorigenesis. In this study, we found that FBLN3 not only facilitates tumor proliferation but also drives epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and promotes STAT3 pathways activation in the CA19-9pos, KRAS-mutant PDA organoids. Additionally, in both CA19-9pos, KRAS-mutant PDA mouse models and human PDA, FBLN3 is expressed by cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), suggesting its role in TME remodeling. These findings have significant implications for providing novel insights into PDA biology and paracrine signaling mechanisms, identifying FBLN3 as a potential therapeutic target for the improved treatment of this devastating disease. Citation Format: Hyemin Song, Jasper Hsu, Xiaoxue Lin, Satoshi Ogawa, Vasiliki Pantazopoulou, Kristina Peck, Chelsea Bottomley, Shira Okhovat, McKenna Stamp, Kassidy Curtis, Jeffrey D. Esko, Dannielle D. Engle. Investigating the role of fibulin 3 in pancreatic tumorigenesis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 3937.

Offline Recognition System for Arabic Handwritten Words Using Artificial Neural Networks

Arabic handwritten recognition is playing an important role in communicating and documenting information in everyday life. Handwriting has functional importance considering its ubiquity in human activities, as in reading handwritten notes in a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), in postal addresses on envelopes, in amounts in bank accounts, etc. In this work, an offline recognition system for Arabic handwritten names is proposed using Artificial Neural Network (ANN). As part of the feature extraction, region props were used, it extracts array with fields: Area, Centroid and Bounding Box. A feed-forward neural network with three different topologies was trained using backpropagation algorithm. The number of nodes in the hidden layer was varied; the lower the number of hidden layers, the higher the recognition rate. Moreover, we found that the first topology (with two hidden layers) produced a higher recognition rate 92% from the trained data compared to the second and third topologies that produced a smaller recognition rate.

Enhancing neurosurgical navigation operation flow management through personal digital assistant technology: a prospective cohort study.

This prospective cohort study aims to evaluate the impact of digital health technology especially Personal Digital Assistants (PDA) in neurosurgical procedure management, focusing on surgical safety check accuracy, efficiency, and patient satisfaction. The study included 211 neurosurgical cases from January to December 2022. The control group of 106 patients followed traditional verification methods, while the experimental group of 105 patients used PDA. The PDA system facilitated real-time data collection, verification, and transmission. The study compared both groups in terms of check times, accuracy rates, and patient satisfaction, and used multivariate regression to assess the impact of baseline parameters on these outcomes. The study found that the experimental group using the PDA system reduced the average verification time by approximately 8 min, achieving 100.0% accuracy in preoperative and postoperative checks, significantly better than the control group (91.5% pre- and post-operation). Multivariate regression confirmed a 48.1% reduction in postoperative verification time due to the PDA system (p < 0.001), with the model showing high explanatory power (R2 = 0.911). Other examined factors, including patient age and nurse experience, had no significant effects. Similarly, the PDA's introduction markedly improved verification accuracy, with no significant impact from other variables (p = 0.010). The application of the PDA system in neurosurgical operations significantly enhanced the accuracy and efficiency of surgical safety checks, reduced nursing errors, optimized nursing workflows, and improved patient satisfaction. These results provide valuable insights for the application of PDA technology in high-risk medical fields, demonstrating potential of digital health tools in enhancing surgical safety and efficiency.

A Game Theoretic Approach to Computation Offloading Strategy Optimization for Non-cooperative Users in Mobile Edge Computing

Computation offloading from a user equipment (UE, also called mobile user, mobile subscriber, or mobile device) to a mobile edge cloud (MEC) provides an effective way to virtualize an ordinary smart mobile device (e.g., smartphone, tablet, handheld computer, wearable device, and personal digital assistant) into a formidable equipment, which is able to provide more and stronger functionalities than that of a laptop or a desktop computer. It is conceivable that there can be several MECs with different processing capabilities in a geographic area, and each MEC many serve many UEs with endless sequences of computation tasks, various application characteristics, and diversified communication requirements and bandwidths. Furthermore, the mobile users are competitive and selfish, which means that computation offloading strategy optimization needs to be carried out for each individual mobile user to optimize the performance of only his applications. In this paper, we conduct a mathematical study of computation offloading strategy optimization for non-cooperative users in mobile edge computing by using a game theoretic approach. The main contributions of this paper can be summarized as follows. We establish an M/G/1 queueing model to characterize multiple heterogeneous UEs and MECs, so that the average response time of all offloadable and non-offloadable tasks generated on a UE can be calculated analytically and the optimal computation offloading strategy of a UE can be defined rigorously. We construct a non-cooperative game framework for a mobile edge computing environment, in which each player (i.e., a UE) can selfishly minimize his payoff by choosing an appropriate strategy in his strategy space. We prove the existence of the Nash equilibrium of the above game. We develop algorithms to find the Nash equilibrium, including an algorithm to find the best response of a mobile user and an iterative algorithm to find the Nash equilibrium. We demonstrate numerical examples and data of our game, including numerical data for the Nash equilibrium and numerical data for the convergence of the Nash equilibrium. To the best of the author's knowledge, this is the first paper that effectively investigates computation offloading strategy optimization for multiple, heterogeneous, and competitive mobile users and multiple heterogeneous mobile edge clouds by using a non-cooperative game approach. Hence, the paper makes noticeable contributions towards the understanding of a competing mobile edge computing environment and its stabilization.

AR-AI assisted ophthalmic nursing: Preliminary usability study in clinical settings.

Ophthalmic ward nursing work is onerous and busy, and many researchers have tried to introduce artificial intelligence (AI) technology to assist nurses in performing nursing tasks. This study aims to use augmented reality (AR) and AI technology to develop an intelligent assistant system for ophthalmic ward nurses and evaluate the usability and acceptability of the system in assisting clinical work for nurses. Based on AR technology, under the framework of deep learning, the system management, functions, and interfaces were completed using acoustic recognition, voice interaction, and image recognition technologies. Finally, an intelligent assistance system with functions such as patient face recognition, automatic information matching, and nursing work management was developed. Ophthalmic day ward nurses were invited to participate in filling out the System Usability Scale (SUS). Using the AR-based intelligent assistance system (AR-IAS) as the experimental group and the existing personal digital assistant (PDA) system as the control group. The experimental results of the three subscales of learnability, efficiency, and satisfaction of the usability scale were compared, and the clinical usability score of the AR-IAS system was calculated. This study showed that the AR-IAS and the PDA systems had learnability subscale scores of 22.50/30.00 and 21.00/30.00, respectively; efficiency subscale scores of 29.67/40.00 and 28.67/40.00, respectively; and satisfaction subscale scores of 23.67/30.00 and 23.17/30.00, respectively. The overall usability score of the AR-IAS system was 75.83/100.00. Based on the analysis results of the System Usability Scale, the AR-IAS system developed using AR and AI technology has good overall usability and can be accepted by clinical nurses. It is suitable for use in ophthalmic nursing tasks and has clinical promotion and further research value.

Electromagnetic Absorbing Materials Design by Optimization Using a Machine Learning Approach

One of the state-of-the-art strategies to decrease the isolation between sections of personal digital assistance devices, taking into account the unavoidable thermal, mechanical, weight, and manufacturability constraints is the proper introduction of electromagnetic (EM) absorbing materials. The global target of this study is the optimized synthesis of the EM properties of a material using a machine learning approach. The sought material must improve the shielding effectiveness between two regions of a device. The first part of this paper is dedicated to the assessment of the performances of an artificial neural network used as function approximation to compute the values of the shielding without resorting to complex and time-consuming full-wave numerical simulations. The network is assessed with respect to either the variations of the training set and algorithm or of its architecture. Significant figures of merit are introduced. The second part is devoted to the description and definition of nature-inspired algorithms demanded to manage the optimization problem.

Patient-Centric Token-Based Healthcare Blockchain Implementation Using Secure Internet of Medical Things

Security and privacy are becoming increasingly difficult to preserve in today&#x2019;s fast-growing data world. We use the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) to make quick diagnoses and get results. IoMT devices measure the human body&#x2019;s functioning in various parameters and collect, process, and store data in cloud servers. There is a public channel used to collect data from humans and send it to the cloud, which is highly unreliable and vulnerable to attacks. Another risk is storing data in a single centralized system, which can be vulnerable to a single-point failure. Blockchain is being used for secure data storage in a decentralized manner to avoid single-point failure. We propose a secure IoMT-based data collection method for patients and storing the data on the blockchain in accordance with general data protection regulation (GDPR). In the proposed system, IoMT devices send data to the cloud via the patient&#x2019;s personal digital assistant (PDA), and the cloud server transacts data on the blockchain. We propose a miner selection algorithm to avoid bias in the blockchain. We simulate various attacks on open channels between IoMT devices and the cloud servers. This scheme is implemented on a custom Python-based blockchain. IoT simulation is performed using the Bevywise IoT simulator and the message queuing telemetry transport (MQTT) simulator. The security protocol is analyzed using Scyther.