Personal Communication Research Articles

A new life with a new language: Russophone immigrants’ reflections about language learning

IntroductionThis research investigates resilience and lived experiences of transnational Russophone families amidst global changes, with a focus on the intricate dynamics of communities spread across borders. The study emphasizes the importance of considering individual migrant experiences in understanding language learning and integration. We explored perceptions of local language proficiency among Russophones; challenges faced by adult Russophones in learning a new language; attitudes and experiences of adults regarding language learning; and strategies Russophone immigrants use to address gaps in the target language.MethodsMethodologically, the research employs ethnographic and thematic analyses, drawing on a diverse array of sources including interviews, social media posts, and personal communications. This approach highlights the necessity of considering both prompted responses and spontaneous discussions to capture authentic opinions on language learning from various perspectives.ResultsThe study underscores the interconnectedness and interdependence within transnational families, illustrating how their lives are shaped by factors that transcend national boundaries. The examination of their diverse experiences reveals their capacity to endure and overcome challenges of integrating into new societies. Russophone migrants’ attitudes toward language learning highlight how learning the host country’s language enhances integration and social mobility, while maintaining the native language preserves cultural heritage, although second-generation immigrants often feel disconnected from their linguistic roots.DiscussionStudies by various authors discuss challenges which immigrants face when adapting to a new linguistic environment. This project emphasizes the impact of language learning on identity and reveals cultural flexibility in attaining social justice in multicultural contexts. These insights suggest that language programs and policies should address both the practical needs of immigrants and the preservation of their cultural identities taking into account their naïve views about language learning.

A conceptual framework for integrating digital transformation in healthcare marketing to boost patient engagement and compliance

This paper presents a conceptual framework for integrating digital transformation in healthcare marketing to enhance patient engagement and compliance with treatment regimens. As healthcare systems evolve, the adoption of digital technologies has become imperative for fostering meaningful interactions between patients and providers. The proposed framework emphasizes leveraging digital marketing techniques, data analytics, and personalized communication strategies to strengthen patient-provider relationships and improve health outcomes. At the core of the framework is the use of digital marketing techniques, including social media outreach, content marketing, and mobile applications, to reach patients effectively. These tools facilitate the dissemination of vital health information and resources, enabling patients to make informed decisions about their care. By utilizing data analytics, healthcare organizations can gain insights into patient behaviors, preferences, and demographics, allowing for the customization of marketing efforts to meet the specific needs of diverse patient populations. Personalized communication strategies are pivotal in this framework, as they empower healthcare providers to deliver tailored messages that resonate with individual patients. This personalization fosters a sense of connection and trust, encouraging patients to engage actively in their treatment plans. By utilizing patient data, providers can send reminders, educational content, and motivational messages that enhance treatment adherence and compliance. Moreover, the framework addresses the importance of feedback loops, where healthcare organizations continuously gather and analyze patient responses to marketing efforts. This iterative process allows for the optimization of strategies, ensuring they remain effective and relevant over time. By fostering a culture of engagement, organizations can cultivate long-term relationships with patients, ultimately leading to improved health outcomes. In conclusion, this conceptual framework serves as a strategic guide for healthcare organizations aiming to harness digital transformation in their marketing efforts. By integrating digital marketing techniques, data analytics, and personalized communication strategies, organizations can enhance patient engagement, improve treatment adherence, and positively impact overall health outcomes.

Design and development of an ai-driven communication model for stimulating memory recall in patients with Alzheimer’s and other neurodegenerative diseases

This study presents the development and evaluation of an AI-driven communication tool designed to stimulate memory recall in patients with Alzheimer’s disease and other neurodegenerative disorders. The tool integrates machine learning algorithms, including Random Forest and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks, with mass communication theories to deliver personalized and adaptive communication strategies. The AI models were trained and tested on patient interaction data, enabling the tool to dynamically adjust its prompts based on real-time cognitive states. Performance metrics such as accuracy, precision, and AUC-ROC were used to assess model efficacy, with the Random Forest model achieving the highest performance across all metrics. Clinical trials demonstrated significant improvements in memory recall and emotional engagement in patients using the AI tool compared to standard cognitive stimulation therapy. Caregivers also reported higher satisfaction with the tool's usability and impact on patient interaction quality. These findings highlight the potential of AI-driven, personalized communication tools to revolutionize Alzheimer's care, offering scalable, adaptive interventions that improve cognitive and emotional health. Academically, this work advances the integration of AI and health communication, emphasizing culturally sensitive and patient-centered approaches. In healthcare, it presents a promising non-pharmacological intervention that can be easily scaled for widespread use, potentially reducing caregiver burden and improving patient outcomes.

Development of the cognitive-behavioral communication (CBC) framework: A novel approach for mass communication in contact tracing during infectious disease outbreaks

The Cognitive-Behavioral Communication (CBC) Framework was developed to improve public compliance with contact tracing during infectious disease outbreaks, addressing the gaps exposed by the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. These gaps, including public distrust, misinformation, and privacy concerns, hindered traditional contact tracing efforts. The CBC Framework integrates mass communication theories, cognitive-behavioral strategies, and AI-driven message personalization to enhance public engagement. The framework was tested through comparative field trials, with one group receiving personalized communication via the CBC model and another receiving standard public health messages. Results showed that the CBC group achieved a significantly higher compliance rate (85.6% vs. 66.4%) and a 33% reduction in privacy concerns. AI-driven messages also increased relevance over time, with 86.2% of participants reporting improved message relevance. Public trust was significantly higher in the CBC group, with positive sentiment at 67.5% compared to 45.2% in the control group. These findings have particular relevance to the U.S., where challenges like distrust and privacy concerns have impeded the effectiveness of contact tracing. The CBC Framework presents a scalable solution to improve compliance, trust, and overall public health outcomes during future outbreaks.

Religion, politics and war: Recollections on General Ndaya and Kenya’s quest for independence

The mosaic law of advocating the paying of life with life, and an “eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot, burn for burn, wound for wound, [and] stripe for stripe” (Exodus 21:23-25), came out clearly on 15th and 16th October 1953, as the politics of land and freedom [wiyathi na ithaka] in the colonial Kenya brought their ugly faces through a deadly violence. While the 15th October saw the Mau Mau rebels attack and kill two Roman Catholic Sisters (Cecilia Wangeci and Rosetta Njeri) at the Baricho Centre, the 16th October 1953 saw the capture of the rebel’s leader (Wanjagi wa Ndegwa, also known as General Ndaya) and his subsequent killing. In trying to understand the interface between religion, politics, and war in the African context, the research article has sampled the twin issues (the battle of River Ragati and the attacks on the Baricho Catholic Church of 1953)to alert the post-colonial Africa on the dangers of conflict among the trio.Contribution: This research article contributes to the broad scope of Theologia Viatorum journal via a multidisciplinary perspective that interfaces religion, politics, and war. It utilises a theo-historical design, and oral history techniques, such as storytelling, archival sources, personal communications with selected individuals, and through an extensive review of relevant literature.

Collaboration between general practice and sickness benefits office - A Scoping Review

Abstract Background Effective collaboration among stakeholders is essential in supporting return to work (RTW) processes for individuals on sick leave. Yet sickness benefits office and general practice experience a lack of collaboration. This is echoed by individuals on sick leave. This scoping review aim to map existing literature on collaboration between sickness benefits office and general practice in RTW processes to identify both collaboration activities and underlying conditions influencing the collaboration. Methods A systematic search of peer reviewed literature was conducted across five databases in March 2023. Screening and data extraction were conducted by two independent researchers. Extracted data was mapped and activities and underlying conditions were analyzed following descriptive thematic analysis. Tentative results were discussed with a reference group. Results Among the 7471 papers screened, 21 met the inclusion criteria. Certificates was the most common collaboration activity. Of underlying conditions far more barriers compared to facilitators were identified. Barriers encompassed conflicting opinions, opposing roles, communicating via certificates, and time. Facilitators included personal communication and knowledge. Conclusions The number of included papers reflects a limited emphasis on this domain within research endeavors. The prevalence of barriers outweighing facilitators underscores the challenges inherent in this collaboration. General practice is depicted as advocating for their patients while the sickness benefits office pushes for return to work. Scarcity of time induces several challenges, impacting e.g., availability for personal communication and delays. Key messages • Stereotyping and opposing roles, poor communication and time constraints are major barriers that need to be addressed to enhance future collaboration. • Meetings and mutual knowledge about working conditions including legislations and procedures benefit the collaboration.

Heterogeneous associations of traditional atherosclerotic risk factors and long-term events in different arterial territories: the EPIC Norfolk prospective population cohort

Abstract Background Atherosclerotic risk factors have been associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) events in specific arterial territories. However, these observations are limited by relatively short-term follow-up (i.e. ten years) and a focus on a limited number of outcome events. We therefore investigated associations between atherosclerotic risk factors and territory-specific cardiovascular events in a large cohort with ≥20 years follow-up. Methods We included participants without baseline CVD from the European Prospective Investigation of Cancer (EPIC) Norfolk prospective population cohort. The strengths of associations between CVD risk factors (smoking, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), and systolic blood pressure (SBP)) and the first occurrence of a CVD event were evaluated using a competing risk-adjusted regression model. CVD events were defined as hospitalisations or death due to ischemic heart disease (IHD), ischemic stroke, haemorrhagic stroke, peripheral arterial disease (PAD) or aortic aneurysm (AA). Patients were followed-up until the first event, non-CVD death (competing risk) or end of study (15-03-2018). The model was adjusted for sex, age, diabetes, HDL-c, kidney function and body mass index. LDL-c and SBP were analysed by comparing highest versus lowest quartiles. Smoking (at baseline) was compared to never smoking. Results We included 23,581 participants (56% women) with a median baseline age of 58 years [interquartile range (IQR) 51-66]. During median follow up of 21.3 years (IQR 19.0-22.8), 26.4% of individuals experienced ≥1 CVD event. The first event of occurrence was IHD in 17.3%, ischemic stroke in 3.6%, haemorrhagic stroke in 1.4%, PAD in 3.1% and AA in 1.4%. LDL-c was strongest associated with IHD [adjusted hazard rate (aHR) 1.7, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.5-1.9], SBP with ischemic stroke (aHR 1.9, 95%CI 1.5-2.5) and smoking with AA (aHR 4.8, 95%CI 3.5-6.5) (Figure 1). Conclusions There is considerable heterogeneity in the associations between atherosclerotic risk factors and long-term, first, territory-specific cardiovascular events. Knowledge of these differences may assist in personalised treatment decisions and risk communication.

Does perceived usability of a multi-component mobile device intervention improve health-related quality of life?

Abstract Background Good health-related quality of life (HRQL) is essential to healthy aging. Prior studies have demonstrated that mobile device technologies can promote HRQL in older adults. However, evidence of technology acceptance in older adults is often inconsistent and poorly understood. Purpose This study aims to 1) describe technology acceptance using efficiency, learnability, user experience (i.e., acceptability), and perceived control from the USABILITY survey of a multi-component mobile device intervention consisting of a wearable activity tracker (Fitbit Versa), access to Lose It app, and text messages (for experimental group only) in older adults at risk for cardiovascular disease, and 2) examine the correlation between technology acceptance and changes in HRQL before and after using each component of the digital intervention. Methods Data were collected using a purpose-built technology usability survey, and HRQL was assessed using the 12-Item Short Form Survey (SF-12), which measured perceived physical and mental health. Correlations were used to identify associations between technology acceptance and HRQL. Results The mean age of participants (n=54) was 65.4 ± 6.0 years; a majority were females (60%), married (53%), Hispanic (66%), and had a high school education or higher (76%). Table 1 shows that the experimental group had considerably higher HRQL at three months, but no differences in technology acceptance were noted. Fitbit technology adoption was found to be correlated with physical HRQL (r=304, p=0.027). The Lose It app showed no correlation with HRQL. Despite receiving higher usability ratings, SMS messages were not correlated with physical or mental HRQL. Conclusion Our findings demonstrate that older persons at risk for cardiovascular disease find mobile device intervention components acceptable. However, each component affected physical and mental health differently. These findings inform more complete technology acceptance models for older individuals' technology design, education, and deployment. Older persons prefer personalized communication, such as customized text messages, as the most favored aspect of the multi-component mobile device intervention. It warrants a larger clinical trial to determine its efficacy on HRQL.

An Automated Word Spelling Error Detection System

Accurate spelling has extensive consequences for written communication's clarity, credibility, and general effectiveness in several contexts, including academic and professional writing and personal communications. The frequency of spelling errors has increased significantly recently, mainly owing to the widespread use of digital media and society's dependence on written communication. Misspelled words can diminish the reliability of written correspondence and result in misinterpretations. Hence, there is an urgent requirement for an innovative and advanced solution to improve the identification of spelling errors. This research seeks to address these challenges and develop a system that significantly enhances the quality of written communication by improving the accuracy and relevance of spelling error detection and correction suggestions. According to this study, the implemented model is a promising technique to correct spelling problems in legal terminology, has been praised for its effectiveness and usability. Its recommendations include continuous research and development, improving its ability to use contextual cues and domain-specific information for error correction, emphasizing user-centric customization, implementing collaborative feedback systems, offering extensive training and support, prioritizing ethical and regulatory considerations, and fostering interdisciplinary collaboration. These suggestions aim to optimize the Spello model's performance, resilience, and scalability, and make it a fundamental technology in promoting accuracy, integrity, and accessibility in the legal profession and society. The model can become a fundamental technology in promoting accuracy, integrity, and accessibility in the legal profession and society through combined efforts and collaboration.

The Cartel Mystique: Race and the Social Construction of the Cannabis Grower

Racialization of the drug trade has been an ongoing feature of drug‐related moral panics for over a century. In the latter part of the twentieth century, public anxieties about ongoing economic changes made immigrants and Mexican drug cartels convenient scapegoats in the context of moral panics about cannabis and cannabis growers. In this research, I focus on the social construction of cannabis growers in the Emerald Triangle of Northern California, with a particular focus on the cartel grower construct. Through a content analysis of news media coverage, government and law enforcement reports, and field notes from personal communications with law enforcement officers and government officials, I identify racialized constructions of growers in the region. I also explore the relationships between local narratives and the broader cannabis discourse. In this “post‐prohibition” moment, this discourse impacts U.S. cannabis policy conversations and fuels anti‐immigrant rhetoric.

Youth activism and (de)personalized remix on TikTok

ABSTRACT Social media has provided everyday actors with a platform to share their personal stories and ideas. This has had a profound effect on activism, as movements are increasingly built up and amplified through the circulation of participants’ individualized motivations, experiences, and sentiments. TikTok has emerged as a salient site for studying this turn: it has proven to be a highly successful tool in activist campaigns, strongly affords personalized communication, and supports a main user base of young people known for emphasizing self-expression in their online participation. Since remix is the core form of sharing on TikTok, users are encouraged to insert and articulate themselves not only in the process of content creation, but in the process of circulation as well. Here, we focus on the way remix is exploited as a mode of personalizing activist content on TikTok, particularly among young users. We do so by qualitatively coding and analyzing remixed content associated with the digital activist organization Gen-Z for Change. We find that, despite expectations based on prior research and the observed behavior of older users, young users tended to resist personalization in their remix strategies. Yet, they simultaneously managed to assert their presence in ways that are meaningful on the app. Our results elaborate on digital activist strategies and the role of platform affordances therein, and add important nuance to common conceptions of youth political participation styles.

An Investigation of the Effects of Mask-Wearing on Confidence Levels of Young People to Middle Age in Bangkok Metropolitan Region

The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated widespread mask-wearing to prevent disease transmission. Initial studies indicated that 89% of the Thai population wore masks, rising to 96% when mandated. Even after the pandemic, mask-wearing persisted due to factors beyond health concerns. This research examines the phenomenon of “Mask Fishing,” where individuals believe masks enhance their attractiveness, a trend popularized on TikTok. The study explores the psychological impacts of mask-wearing, including increased confidence and reduced self-esteem. Additionally, masks have been found to improve perceived facial attractiveness, particularly enhancing the appearance of eyes. This study investigates these hidden factors, focusing on how mask-wearing affects personal confidence, communication, and facial expressions.

The Personal Faculty Mentor (PFM) Role: Advanced Support for Individualized Student Care

Background - Given the complexity of student responsibilities and backgrounds, the need for additional support during graduate education is evident for overall success. An innovative role that addresses these complexities and mitigates issues facing today’s nursing student was developed. Purpose - The Personal Faculty Mentor (PFM) role was developed to provide one, specific point of contact in an effort to support students throughout their MSN journey by completing new student orientation, individualized student outreach, frequent personal communication, and development of success plans. The PFM role also supports the faculty or instructor role by providing additional support and outreach with student concerns (low participation or scores). The overall purpose of the PFM is to improve student outcomes including pass rates, persistence rates, and satisfaction. Methods - Within the University’s Master of Science in Nursing Accelerated Track (MSN AT) Advanced Generalist and Clinical Nurse Leader (CNL), the PFM role was implemented to support student success. The MSN AT has flexible due dates for assignments which lends for more intensive student support. Results – Since the PFM role has been in place since program inception (July 2019), persistence and program completion are on average 12% higher, as high as 29%, with those students who actively participate with their PFM. Through survey, students report high satisfaction with the PFM role and attribute part of their success to this supportive role. Each session, students who actively participate with their PFM have better persistence than those who do not. Limitations – While the anecdotal feedback and positive outcomes are noteworthy, this strategy did not involve an empirical research investigation. As a result, a causative relationship may not be concrete. There is clearly an improvement in the retention and persistence of students who engage regularly with the PFM; however, there are additional variables that may be impacting the outcomes that would be helpful to identify. Conclusions / Implications for Practice - Student support promotes success. The role of the PFM provides individualized, student-centered support. Students who participate and interact with their PFM are more likely to be successful in the MSN AT.

Clinical implementation of advanced respiratory monitoring with esophageal pressure and electrical impedance tomography: results from an international survey and focus group discussion

BackgroundPopularity of electrical impedance tomography (EIT) and esophageal pressure (Pes) monitoring in the ICU is increasing, but there is uncertainty regarding their bedside use within a personalized ventilation strategy. We aimed to gather insights about the current experiences and perceived role of these physiological monitoring techniques, and to identify barriers and facilitators/solutions for EIT and Pes implementation.MethodsQualitative study involving (1) a survey targeted at ICU clinicians with interest in advanced respiratory monitoring and (2) an expert focus group discussion. The survey was shared via international networks and personal communication. An in-person discussion session on barriers, facilitators/solutions for EIT implementation was organized with an international panel of EIT experts as part of a multi-day EIT meeting. Pes was not discussed in-person, but we found the focus group results relevant to Pes as well. This was confirmed by the survey results and four additional Pes experts that were consulted.ResultsWe received 138 survey responses, and 26 experts participated in the in-person discussion. Survey participants had diverse background [physicians (54%), respiratory therapists (19%), clinical researchers (15%), and nurses (6%)] with mostly > 10 year ICU experience. 84% of Pes users and 74% of EIT users rated themselves as competent to expert users. Techniques are currently primarily used during controlled ventilation for individualization of PEEP (EIT and Pes), and for monitoring lung mechanics and lung stress (Pes). EIT and Pes are considered relevant techniques to guide ventilation management and is helpful for educating clinicians; however, 57% of EIT users and 37% of Pes users agreed that further validation is needed. Lack of equipment/materials, evidence-based guidelines, clinical protocols, and/or the time-consuming nature of the measurements are main reasons hampering Pes and EIT application. Identified facilitators/solutions to improve implementation include international guidelines and collaborations between clinicians/researcher and manufacturers, structured courses for training and use, easy and user-friendly devices and standardized analysis pipelines.ConclusionsThis study revealed insights on the role and implementation of advanced respiratory monitoring with EIT and Pes. The identified barriers, facilitators and strategies can serve as input for further discussions to promote the development of EIT-guided or Pes-guided personalized ventilation strategies.

Effects of personal cancer history and genomic risk information on mothers' psychological adaptation to inherited breast/ovarian cancer syndrome.

This study aimed to understand long-term coping responses of mothers (N = 287) receiving genetic counseling and testing (GCT) for hereditary breast/ovarian cancer (HBOC) syndrome. Psychological characteristics, including cancer-specific distress (Impact of Events Scale-Revised, α = .85) and coping (Brief COPE, α = .93) were assessed via structured personal communication, along with epidemiologic items assessing personal and family history of cancer. Genetic risk was determined by BRCA1/2 carriage. A principal component analysis was conducted on the coping measure to reduce its summary score to active coping (α = .91) with nine approach-oriented strategies responsive to stress. A multivariable regression model examined the main and interacting effects of clinical and psychological characteristics on maternal coping. Personal cancer history (F = 4.99, df = 1, p = .026), BRCA test result (F = 22.20, df = 1, p < .001), and cancer-specific distress (F = 17.80, df = 1, p < .001) were associated with greater engagement in active coping strategies. When controlling for cancer-specific distress, the interaction between personal cancer history and genetic test results was significant, such that women previously unaffected by cancer who received positive BRCA results reported the greatest levels of active coping (F = 7.92, p < .001). These findings indicate that previous cancer history, genetic risk, and psychological distress independently and jointly impact how women adapt to the threat of cancer over time.

Investigating the Relationship Between Social Networks and the Academic Performance of University Students (Case Study: Faryab University Students)

In recent decades, with the increasing expansion of communication technology, the use of social networks has become one of the most important online activities. However, technology has not only had positive effects on human relationships and personal communication, but its negative effects on academic performance are also well-known. This research focuses on evaluating the negative effects of social networks on academic performance, with a focus on students of Faryab University. This research is applied in terms of classification based on the objective, and can be considered a descriptive-correlational research in terms of methodological classification. The total sample size includes all day students, which is 3000, and a sample of 268 individuals has been selected based on Morgan's table. The questionnaire is used as a data collection tool, and the SPSS software is used for descriptive and inferential statistics (relationship and correlation) for data analysis. The findings of the research indicate a pervasive negative relationship between the use of social networks and academic performance among Faryab University students. While positive interactions such as parental support and strategic personal and peer interactions can increase academic results, potential drawbacks such as distraction, stress, and addiction require a comprehensive approach to deal with the challenges arising from social media.

Role of low-impact-factor journals in conservation implementation.

Academic review, promotion, and tenure processes place a premium on frequent publication in high-impact factor (IF) journals. However, conservation often relies on species-specific information that is unlikely to have the broad appeal needed for high-IF journals. Instead, this information is often distributed in low-IF, taxa- and region-specific journals. This suggests a potential mismatch between the incentives for academic researchers and the scientific needs of conservation implementation. To explore this mismatch, we looked at federal implementation of the United States Endangered Species Act (ESA), which requires the use of the "best available science" to list a species as endangered or threatened and thus receive powerful legal protections. In assessing the relationship between academic sources of this "best available science" and ESA implementation, we looked at the 13,292 sources (e.g., academic journals, books, reports, regulations, personal communications, etc.) cited by the second Obama administration (2012-2016) across all ESA listings. We compared the IFs of all 4836 journals that published peer-reviewed papers cited in these listings against their citation frequency in ESA listings to determine whether a journal's IF varied in proportion with its contribution to federal conservation. Most of the peer-reviewed academic articles referenced in ESA listings came from low-IF or no-IF journals that tended to focus on specific taxa or regions. Although we support continued attention to cutting-edge, multidisciplinary science for its ability to chart new pathways and paradigms, our findings stress the need to value and fund the taxa- and region-specific science that underpins actionable conservation laws.

Corporate Communication In The Digital Era: Challenges And Opportunities For PT Binajasa Abadikarya

The digital era has significantly transformed corporate communication, presenting both challenges and opportunities for organizations. PT Binajasa Abadikarya, a leading manpower and outsourcing services provider in Indonesia, is no exception to these changes. This research aims to explore the challenges PT Binajasa Abadikarya faces in maintaining effective corporate communication and to identify the opportunities available to enhance its communication strategies in the digital age. The study employs a descriptive qualitative research method, using primary data collected through interviews with key stakeholders within the company, and secondary data sourced from relevant articles, journals, and books. Data analysis was conducted using NVivo software to systematically organize and interpret the qualitative data. The findings reveal that PT Binajasa Abadikarya faces significant challenges, including maintaining consistency in messaging across digital platforms, managing crisis communication in real-time, and overcoming content saturation. However, the research also identifies substantial opportunities for the company, such as leveraging digital tools for broader stakeholder engagement, utilizing data analytics for personalized communication, and implementing an omnichannel communication strategy. These insights provide PT Binajasa Abadikarya with strategic directions to enhance its corporate communication and maintain its competitive edge in the digital era

Optimization Analysis of Brand Communication Strategies for Champion in the China Region

Champion is established in 1919; it is known for its high-quality athletic wear and also its durable and innovative sportswear. This thesis will take Champion as the research object to find how to make brands become more competitive in today’s market by researching its history, strategy and its status. In the 1930s Champion has introduced the iconic hooded sweatshirt. Champion also invented a technology called reverse weave which prevent clothes from shrinking. The brand has a huge fanbase among the young generation where it keeps collaborate with designers and influencers. This has helped champion expand its product range in both traditional athletic wear and the new trending fashion. Because Champions new innovation and design, it leads to more and more people trust and select this brand. Champion should continue to deepen its exploration and practice in the aspects of youth and digitalization. Through more accurate market positioning, personalized communication content and innovative interactive experiences, Champion is expected to further close the distance with young consumers and inspire their brand loyalty and desire to buy. At the same time, Champion should also focus on issues such as sustainability and social responsibility, and actively communicate positive energy and brand values.

The Effect of 5Q Parental Education on Children's Emotion through Healing of Inner Child among Parents

The research aim of this study is to understand the relationship between parental emotional well-being and child outcome. This study delves into the profound impact of 5Q parental education on children's emotional well-being through the intricate process of healing the inner child among parents. The 5Q framework, encompassing Intelligence Quotient (IQ), Emotional Quotient (EQ), Adversity Quotient (AQ), Social Quotient (SQ), and the innovative "You Quotient" (UQ), serves as the cornerstone of this transformative educational program. By intertwining principles of personal growth, self-awareness, and effective communication, the 5Q approach aims to empower parents to navigate the complex landscape of parenthood with confidence and competence. Central to this study is the concept of the inner child, deeply rooted in psychological theory, which symbolizes unresolved emotions and experiences from childhood that continue to influence adult behaviours and familial dynamics. Through a qualitative research methodology, this study rigorously examines the experiences of a diverse sample of 100 participants engaged in a comprehensive 6-month 5Q parental education program. Results from the qualitative analysis revealed a profound impact of the 5Q parental education program on participants' emotional well-being and parenting practices. An overwhelming majority of 82 out of 100 participants reported significant enhancements in their emotional intelligence (EQ) following the healing of their inner child. This transformation was characterized by heightened self-awareness, improved emotional regulation, improved parenting skills and strategies, strengthened parent-child relationship that foster suitability relationship. This study underscores the transformative potential of 5Q parental education in fostering nurturing family environments conducive to holistic child development. The understanding of the relationship between parental emotional well-being and child outcome is emphasized. By addressing the emotional needs of parents and facilitating the healing of their inner child, this program not only empowers individuals but also lays the foundation for resilient, empathetic, and emotionally intelligent generations to come, laying the foundation for their optimal development.