Personal Accomplishment Subscale Research Articles

Effects of Resilience and Personal Accomplishment on the Relationship Between Quality of Work Life and Turnover Intention Among Newly Employed Nurses.

Turnover among newly employed nurses is an indicator of workforce stability in healthcare organizations. The factors influencing turnover intention in this group are complex and differ by generation. The relationships among variables including work-life quality, personal accomplishment, resilience, and turnover intention have been explored separately. However, a knowledge gap exists in terms of scholarly understanding regarding the respective impacts of perceived personal accomplishment and resilience on the relationship between work-life quality and turnover intention. This study was designed to explore the respective effects of resilience and personal accomplishment on the relationship between work-life quality and turnover intention. A cross-sectional approach was used, and 387 newly employed nurses who had worked for just 1 month at six medical centers in Taiwan were enrolled as participants. The following four instruments were used for data collection: Quality of Nurse Work-life Scale, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, the personal accomplishment subscale of the Maslach Burnout Inventory, and Turnover Intention Scale. Hayes PROCESS analysis method was used to analyze the influence of resilience and personal accomplishment on the relationship between work-life quality and turnover intention. There was a positive correlation among work-life quality, resilience, and personal accomplishment, and a negative correlation was found between all three variables and turnover intention. Resilience was found to negatively mediate the relationship between work-life quality and turnover intention (B = -.032, p < .001). The moderating effect of work-life quality on personal accomplishment was significant (B = .012, p < .05). Work-life quality and sense of personal accomplishment explained 61% of the variance in resilience. Work-life quality and resilience explained 50.5% of the variance in turnover intention. Furthermore, sense of personal accomplishment moderated the mediating effect of resilience on the relationship between work-life quality and turnover intention. Resilience mediates the relationship between work-life quality and turnover intention, whereas personal accomplishment may moderate the mediating effect of resilience in the relationship. Administrators should provide strategies to improve professional competence and improve psychological capacity in new nurses to increase their sense of personal accomplishment and resilience to decrease turnover intention.

Association between personal characteristics and anxiety and burnout in orthopedic residents: a cross-sectional cross-sectional study

ObjectiveBurnout is becoming a major problem in medicine, and some articles have pointed to the link between burnout and anxiety. Several factors can contribute to burnout and anxiety, and recognizing each can improve medical education environments. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between personal characteristics, anxiety and burnout of orthopedic residents.MethodIn this cross-sectional study, the anxiety rate, depression, and burnout were evaluated in 94 orthopedic residents above the second year and orthopedic fellowships in three hospitals. Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Maslach Burnout Inventory—Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) were used to measure the levels of depression, anxiety, and burnout, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate predictor variables for burnout.ResultsSevere anxiety and depression were reported in 17% and 12.77% of residents, respectively. The rate of burnout for Emotional Exhaustion (EE), Depersonalization (DP), and low sense of Personal Accomplishment (PA) subscales was 18.09%, 28.72%, and 43.62% of people with high levels of burnout, respectively. Multivariate analysis of logistic regression showed that Works > 60 h per week, Anxiety score > 28, Time spent in the hospital > 9 h per Day, Academic year and Experience being abused by the upstream, Balance between work and life, Feeling the need for support from nurses in the hospital were significantly associated with burnout.Conclusionstress and anxiety can be considered a severe factor in burnout; this issue can provide a clear perspective of the psychological cycle that ultimately leads to a decrease in the efficiency of the medical system and related services.

Promoting mealtime support for people with dementia: a pilot study of feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effects of an educational intervention for direct care workers

ABSTRACT This mixed-methods single-arm repeated measures pilot study aimed to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effects of an educational intervention designed to address mealtime challenges experienced by people with dementia and direct care workers. Feasibility was evaluated based on the screening, eligibility, consent, retention, and completion rates, as well as intervention adherence. Acceptability was assessed through a satisfaction questionnaire. As secondary outcomes, the study measured burnout, job satisfaction, feeding skills, and knowledge about dementia and mealtime support needs among direct care workers. For residents with dementia, the evaluation included assessments of food intake, time spent on a meal, and mealtime support needs. All feasibility rates were excellent, with the majority reaching 100%, except for the screening rate which was 89%. 81.3% of the direct care workers expressed high levels of satisfaction with the intervention. Qualitative analysis showed that participants appreciated the intervention, emphasizing its relevance and positive impact on their daily work. The results showed a significant decrease (p = .016, W = 0.265) in the burnout personal accomplishment subscale, an increase in job satisfaction (p = .001, W = 0.862) and in the knowledge test (p = .002, W = 2.571). The other outcomes were not statistically significant, despite having moderate and large effect sizes. The results suggested that the educational intervention is likely to be feasible and acceptable for direct care workers. Further research with a more robust study design and larger sample size is recommended to validate these findings and determine the extent of its benefits.

Empathy Levels and Burnout in Medical Students: An Analytic Cross-Sectional Study in a Thai University Hospital

Objective: In medical education, empathy is an essential element of professionalism; however, medical students are sometimes advised to limit empathy. Excessive empathy might be linked to burnout and trigger negative consequences such as low mood and quality of life. Due to limited data regarding the association between empathy and burnout, this study aimed to examine the relationship between levels of empathy and burnout with their respective subscales, among medical students.Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the clinical level of medical students currently undergoing medical training at the Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, at the end of the 2020 academic year. Medical students aged more than 20 years who completed the questionnaires were included. The questionnaires comprised 1) demographic data, 2) The Toronto Empathy Questionnaire, 3) The Maslach Burnout Inventory (Thai version), and 4) The Thai Mental Health Indicator-15. Associations between empathy and burnout including emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation, and personal accomplishment subscales were investigated using linear regression analysis. Results: From the three-year clinical level, 91.9% (466 of 507) of medical students completed the questionnaires, with a mean age of 23.1±1.4 years. In the linear regression analyses, empathy scores were positively associated with emotional exhaustion and negatively associated with depersonalisation and low personal accomplishment (Adjusted coefficient 0.18 (0.02, 0.33), -0.09 (-0.18, -0.01), and -0.42 (-0.52, -0.31), respectively). Among the empathy subscales, altruism was significantly correlated with personal accomplishment (r=-0.41, p-value&lt;0.001).Conclusion: The study revealed a negative correlation between empathy and overall burnout. While a high level of empathy was found to prevent depersonalisation and enhance personal accomplishment, it did not significantly hinder the emotional exhaustion associated with burnout. Empathy, particularly altruism, was related to personal accomplishments. Our findings suggest that empathy is a crucial determinant of burnout prevention; therefore, optimal levels of empathy should be taught to medical students during medical training to prevent emotional exhaustion. However, the evaluation of further causal explanations is recommended.

Nurses' Job Burnout and Resilience in Neonatal Intensive Care Units.

To assess the relationship between job burnout and resilience among nurses working in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in Oman. NICUs induce a significant amount of stress that predisposes nurses to a substantial degree of burnout. Resilience can play a role in reducing the effects of job burnout. A limited number of studies have examined job burnout and resilience among NICU nurses. A cross-sectional survey design was utilized. The Maslach Burnout Inventory was used to assess burnout, and the Brief Resilience Scale was used to assess perceptions of resilience. Pearson correlation was used to assess the relationship between job burnout and resilience. A total of 173 staff nurses participated. Participants reported low levels of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization but moderate levels on the personal accomplishment subscale. Nurses reported moderate levels of resilience. Emotional exhaustion and depersonalization were negatively correlated with resilience, while personal accomplishment was positively correlated with resilience. This study demonstrated that enhancing resilience can reduce the effect of burnout among NICU nurses. Enhancing levels of resilience among NICU nurses, in addition to providing adequate managerial support and good collegial relations, is essential to reduce their perceived job burnout.

Burnout and Its Related Risk Factors: A Comparison Study of Nurses Working in Two Different Wards

Background: Nursing is a physically and emotionally demanding job, making nurses highly susceptible to burnout. Burnout is associated with many deleterious consequences affecting health care outcomes. Objectives: We aimed to evaluate and compare burnout and its associated risk factors in nurses working in 2 different wards: operating rooms and surgical wards. Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 100 operating room nurses and 100 surgical ward nurses at Vali-Asr Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Data collection instruments included a demographic questionnaire and Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22. Results: Overall, the burnout score in surgical ward nurses was 69.22, while it was 67.97 in nurses working in operating rooms (P = 0.449). Scores of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment subscales in nurses of surgical wards were 54.66, 81.16, and 71.85, respectively. These rates for operating room nurses were 53.02, 80.44, and 70.47, respectively; however, these differences were not statistically significant. There was a significant correlation between working shifts and burnout (P = 0.002). Satisfaction with income was significantly associated with the working environment (P = 0.047). Conclusions: The levels of burnout were high in nurses in both operating rooms and surgical wards. Due to nurses' pivotal role in the health system, identifying burnout and eliminating its causes are highly crucial.

Assessment of burnout level among clinical dental students during the COVID-19 pandemic

BackgroundThe Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) outbreak has caused especially health workers to face mental and physical problems all over the world. The aim of this study is to evaluate burnout, stress perception and perceived social support levels of clinical (the fourth and fifth year) dental students during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsThe Sociodemographic Information Form (SIF), Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), Sense of Coherence-13 (SoC-13), Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10), and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) were used for data. Questionnaires were answered directly or online by the participants.ResultsA total of 211 participants, 67.8% were female, 32.2% were male. Of these, 96.2% were aged 20–24 years, 84.4% were nuclear family, 11.8% were extended family, and 3.8% were blended family, and 91.5% were willingly for dentistry choice. Based on the results; the total burnout score indicated moderate burnout (41.99 ± 9.94), the SoC-13 scale indicated a strong sense of coherence (55.24 ± 7.21), the PSS-10 score (22.44 ± 3.44) indicated moderate perceived stress and the MSPSS score (65.92 ± 13.22) indicated high perceived social support. A positive correlation was found between perceived stress and burnout. Based on the personal accomplishment subscale; females, those living in extended family, and those who unwillingly choose dentistry among the clinical dental students had higher intense burnout (p < 0.05).ConclusionsThe findings demonstrated that clinical dental students were affected by the emotional stress caused by the COVID-19 pandemic conditions. In the education of dentistry faculties, it would be appropriate to carry out comprehensive studies on adaptation to the changing living conditions with the COVID-19 pandemic and taking the necessary measures for the psychological distress caused by the difficulties experienced.

Assessment of Medical Students Burnout during COVID-19 Pandemic.

This study estimated the prevalence of burnout and its determinants among medical students at Jazan University during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 444 medical students completed an online survey containing the Maslach burnout inventory. The prevalence of burnout was 54.5%. Burnout reached its peak during the fourth year whereas it was the lowest in the internship year. Being a resident in mountain areas, being delayed in college-level, being divorced, and having divorced parents were all associated with an increased risk of burnout. During their time at medical school, students generally showed a trend of consistently high scores in the personal accomplishment subscale, a decreasing trend in the emotional exhaustion subscale, and an increasing trend in the depersonalization subscale. The most important predictive factor was having separated parents. Perceived study satisfaction appeared to be a significant protective factor in a dose-response manner. These findings suggest that burnout among medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic is a concern that should be monitored and prevented.

Prevalence of professional burnout among practicing cardiologists in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation

The burnout syndrome among healthcare professionals is a headline problem in the world, as it leads to poor health of medical workers, affects patient satisfaction with health care and the healthcare system as a whole. At the same time, existing preventive measures can improve the well-being of staff.Aim. To study the prevalence of professional burnout syndrome among practicing cardiologists in the Russian Federation (RF).Material and methods. This cross-sectional study was carried out using the method of online anonymous surveying. The inclusion criterion was the current practical activity in the RF. The study involved 452 cardiologists from 8 federal districts (women; n=377, 83,4%), 48,2% of which worked in a hospital. Occupational burnout was assessed using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) questionnaire in the Russian language adaptation for healthcare workers by N. E. Vodopyanova and E. S. Starchenkova. The score was calculated on three subscales (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, personal accomplishment), the maximum score for the subscales was 54, 30 and 48, respectively. The personal accomplishment subscale is the opposite as follows: the higher the score, the less the symptom severity. Additionally, demographic parameters, working conditions, the desire to change job and field of activity were taken into account. Regression analysis was used to establish associations of burnout with factors.Results. The median score of the emotional exhaustion subscale was 29,5 (23,0; 35,0) points, depersonalization — 12,0 (8,0; 16,0) and personal accomplishment — 32,0 (28,0; 37,0). Men had higher depersonalization score than women as follows: 15,0 (10,0; 18,0) vs 11,0 (8,0; 15,0), p=0,001. High degrees of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization (burnout) were found in 235 (52%) cardiologists, while all three symptoms simultaneously — in 132 (29,2%) doctors. There were no symptoms of burnout in 84 (18,6%) cardiologists. A high degree of burnout was associated with a desire to change job (p&lt;0,001).Conclusion. A high prevalence of professional burnout among practicing cardiologists in the RF was revealed, which, in turn, is associated with the desire to change job or occupation.

BURNOUT SYNDROME AMONG DOCTORS AND NURSES DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN A UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL

OBJECTIVE: Burnout syndrome is an important problem among healthcare workers. During the Covid-19 pandemic, healthcare professionals have struggled with an unprecedented effort. The aim of this study is to investigate occupational burnout levels among healthcare professionals working at Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University during the Covid-19 pandemic.MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study was carried out at the Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University between February 1st and March 1st, 2021. G* power package software was used in the sample calculation. A questionnaire form consisting of 20 parameters on demographic data and work life was used. Maslach Burnout Inventory was used as the burnout scale.RESULTS: A total of 312 healthcare professionals participated in this study. 139 of the participants were men (44.6%) and 173 were women (55.4%). The mean age of the participants was 30.7± 7.28. 138 of the participants were doctors (44.2%) and 174 were nurses (55.8%). 110 of the participants were working in a covid ward or covid intensive care unit (ICU) (35.3%) and 202 were working in other departments (64.7%). The mean subscale scores were 19.21±7.28 for emotional exhaustion, 7.31±7.19 for depersonalization, and 20.05±3.88 for personal accomplishment. These results show that healthcare workers experience high levels of burnout according to the emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment subscales and moderate burnout according to the depersonalization subscale.CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study are very valuable for establishing future prevention protocols and educating healthcare professionals in the face of a pandemic. Based on our findings, we suggest closely monitoring risk groups that work directly with Covid-19 patients and providing psychological support when necessary. Also, making the necessary arrangements in working conditions is crucial to increase job satisfaction and reduce burnout in healthcare workers.

Use of Topical Lavender Essential Oils to Reduce Perceptions of Burnout in Critical Care

Intensive care unit (ICU) health care workers face increased burnout. The purpose of this project was to evaluate burnout after implementing lavender essential oils. To assess the effectiveness of topical lavender essential oils in decreasing the instance of burnout in frontline ICU health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. A predesign and postdesign evidence-based practice project was conducted to evaluate the implications of an 8-week topical lavender oil intervention on health care worker burnout. The Maslach Burnout Inventory, including subscales of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment, was administered before and after the intervention. Health care workers' compliance and satisfaction with the intervention were also measured. Thirty-four ICU health care workers participated. Results showed significant improvements in the personal accomplishment subscale (mean [SD], 3.86 [0.81] before vs 4.14 [1.01] after intervention; P = .04). Improvements in depersonalization were not significant. Most participants were satisfied (n = 23 [67.6%]) and compliant (n = 23 [67.6%]) with the intervention. The use of topical lavender essential oils is a cost-effective intervention that can be used to decrease components of burnout in frontline ICU workers.

Burnout in health care workers during the fourth wave of COVID-19: A cross sectional study from Pakistan

ObjectiveTo assess the burnout among the healthcare workers during the fourth wave of COVID-19. MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, burn out was measured in health care professionals using the MBI scale inventory during the fourth wave of COVID-19. Age, gender, marital status, having children, hospital, job type, experience, and workload, as well as the severity of burnout in each subscale, were all measured. We used the chi-square test to detect the difference between the level of burnout and other demographic variables, and a multiple logistic regression test was used to define the predicted correlation between the high level of burnout and the risk factors. Odds ratios and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported. A p-value of less than 0.05 indicated a statistically significant outcome. ResultsOut of 776 healthcare workers who participated in our study, 468 (63.2%), 161 (21.7%) and 112 (15.1%) participants experienced low, moderate and high levels of emotional exhaustion, respectively. For the depersonalization subscale, 358 (48.3%), 188 (25.4%) and 195 (26.3%) people suffered from low, moderate, and high levels of depersonalization, respectively while 649 (87.6%), 40 (5.4%) and 52 (7.0%) respondents had low, moderate and high levels in the personal accomplishment subscale, respectively. ConclusionDuring the fourth wave of COVID-19, the healthcare workers reported increased level of burnout overall possibly due to the long term physical and mental impacts that the pandemic has had over the time. Moreover, healthcare workers in Pakistan were more prone to burnout as compared to other countries.

The role of chronic physical illness and job dissatisfaction on burnout’s risk among medical interns in Oman: a study of prevalence and determinants

BackgroundMedical interns are at risk of burnout due to several organizational and individual factors. There is scarcity of studies exploring the role of chronic physical illness and job dissatisfaction on burnout experience among medical interns. This study examined the prevalence of burnout syndrome and explored whether chronic physical illness and job dissatisfaction could independently predict burnout syndrome among medical interns in Oman. This cross-sectional study was conducted among a random sample of medical interns enrolled in the Omani internship program. One-hundred and eighty interns participated in this study and filled in a self-reported questionnaire that included Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), Job Satisfaction Survey (JSS), and data related to physical illness.ResultsThe prevalence of burnout syndrome was 15%. Having a physical illness (OR = 7.285, 95% CI = 1.976–26.857, P = 0.003) and job dissatisfaction (OR = 16.488, 95% CI = 5.371–50.614, P = 0.0001) was significant independent predictors of high levels of the EE subscale. In addition, having a physical illness (OR = 4.678, 95% CI = 1.498–14.608, P = 0.008) and being dissatisfied (OR = 2.900, 95% CI = 11.159–7.257, P = 0.023) were significant independent predictors of the high DP subscale. Having physical illness was independent predictors of the low personal accomplishment subscale (OR = 0.258, 95% CI = 0.088–0.759, P = 0.014).ConclusionsBurnout syndrome is prevalent among medical interns in Oman. Job dissatisfaction and chronic physical illness are risk factors for burnout syndrome. Internship programs should consider these factors when designing burnout mitigative strategies.

Prevalence and Predictors of Burnout Among Occupational Therapy Practitioners in the United States.

Identifying the extent and predictors of burnout among occupational therapy practitioners is important so strategies can be developed to reduce burnout and mitigate associated consequences within the profession. To investigate the prevalence and determinants of burnout reported by U.S. occupational therapy practitioners. Cross-sectional survey. Occupational therapy practitioners working in a wide range of clinical settings who spent at least 50% of their time in direct patient care and who had been employed continuously for more than 6 mo. The outcome of interest was burnout, which was measured using the Emotional Exhaustion, Depersonalization, and Personal Accomplishment subscales of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS). Predictor variables included sociodemographic and workplace characteristics. The relationship between MBI-HSS subscale scores and predictor variables was jointly estimated using a multivariate multivariable linear regression analysis. One hundred seventy-eight occupational therapy practitioners completed the survey. Higher perceived level of supervisor support, satisfaction with income, and educational attainment were associated with lower MBI-HSS subscale scores (ps = .001, .002, and .005, respectively). Burnout among occupational therapy practitioners can be conceptualized as an issue of workplace health and safety. Various stakeholder groups can consider potential systematic interventions involving measures to promote positive supervisor support in the workplace and salary negotiation skills for early-stage clinicians. Future research should explore broad interventions to reduce burnout among clinicians. What This Article Adds: We estimated the extent and predictors of burnout among U.S. occupational therapy practitioners. Future research, advocacy, and policy should address structural-level interventions to promote workplace cultures and conditions that can protect the occupational therapy workforce from burnout.

A social network intervention to improve connectivity and burnout among psychiatry residents in an academic institution: a quasi-experimental study

BackgroundBurnout is common among residents, which could be associated with their professional network characteristics. This study aimed to assess the social networks of psychiatry residents and develop an intervention to improve their network characteristics, burnout, and perception of the educational environment.MethodsWe recruited a cohort of 17 PGY-2 residents and assessed their social networks, burnout, and perception of the educational environment. After the baseline survey, we held a focus group with PGY-2 residents to discuss the results, their network characteristics, and interventions that can improve their relationships. The PGY-2 residents indicated that offering extracurricular opportunities to facilitate friendly interactions among the residents and faculty members would be the most feasible and acceptable intervention. Therefore, four “interest groups” for extracurricular activities were established. Residents and faculty members were invited to participate in interest groups to improve the network characteristics. Some PGY-2 residents and faculty members agreed to moderate interest group sessions (active members).ResultsAfter the intervention, active residents improved significantly in the perceived personal accomplishment subscale of the burnout inventory and their perception of the educational environment. Active faculty members also had a significant increase in their relationships with PGY-2 residents in one domain of social networks.ConclusionsEnhancing relationships between residents and faculty members through participatory intervention and extracurricular activities can improve faculty-resident connectivity and residents’ perception of personal accomplishment and educational environment quality.

Challenges Faced by Emergency Physicians in China: An Observation From the Perspective of Burnout

Background: Burnout is considered a global problem, particularly in the emergency health sector; however, no large-sample cross-sectional study has assessed the prevalence of burnout among emergency physicians and its associated factors.Methods: A nationally representative cross-sectional survey of 15,243 emergency physicians was conducted in 31 provinces across China between July and September 2019. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to identify correlates of burnout.Results: The participants' mean scores were 25.8 (SD = 15.9) on the emotional exhaustion (EE) subscale, 8.1 (SD = 7.9) on the depersonalization (DP) subscale, and 26.80 (SD = 12.5) on the personal accomplishment (PA) subscale, indicating a pattern of moderate EE, moderate DP, and high PA. The results of the large-sample survey found that 14.9% of emergency physicians had a high level of burnout in China, with 46.8% scoring high for EE, 24.1% scoring high for DP, and 60.5% having a high risk of low PA. Having poor self-perceived health status and sleep quality, working in developed regions and governmental hospitals, having an intermediate professional title, experiencing depression, performing shift work and experiencing workplace violence made emergency physicians more likely to experience occupational burnout.Conclusion: Positive measures should be taken to reduce the burnout of emergency physicians and improve their work enthusiasm to maintain the quality of emergency medical services.

Burnout and grit in student physical therapists before and after terminal clinical education experiences: a prospective longitudinal study of a single class-year cohort

Rationale: Burnout has been reported by graduate healthcare students during several phases of preprofessional education. The purpose of this study was to explore changes in levels of Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) student burnout and grit before and after clinical education. Additional aims included exploring how burnout and grit might differ based on student gender and over time and what relationships might exist between burnout and grit in this population. Methods: All enrolled third year DPT students (n = 50) at a single physical therapist education program participated in this study. Participants were surveyed using the Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey and the 12-Item Grit Scale at the end of curricular Year 3 and at graduation after terminal clinical education experiences. Descriptive, exploratory, and comparative statistical methods were used. Results: Male participants reported significantly decreased emotional exhaustion (EE) from Year 3 to graduation, p ≤ 0.0001. Overall, the cohort reported significantly decreased EE, F(1,48) = 12.35, p = 0.001, d = 0.44 and increased personal accomplishment, F(1,48) = 13.322, p = 0.001, d = 0.58 after terminal clinical experiences. The main effect of time on grit scores was also significant, p = 0.035. A moderate inverse relationship existed between student grit levels at Year 3 and EE levels at graduation, r = –0.447, p = 0.01. Conclusions: Cohort burnout scores did not meet the Maslach Burnout Inventory criteria definition for burnout; mean EE and personal accomplishment subscale scores significantly changed over time. Male DPT students reported moderate levels of EE at the start of terminal clinical experiences that dropped significantly to low levels compared to female students. Student grit levels in this study were high compared to recent investigations of other DPT cohorts. Grit may have a protective effect against DPT students experiencing burnout. Meshterms: Burnout, Professional; Physical Therapists/education; Achievement.

DETERMINATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EMPATHIC SKILLS AND BURNOUT LEVELS OF NURSES WORKING IN A CITY HOSPITAL

Abstract: Empathy is a process which helps a person to understand the feelings, thoughts and emotions of the other person by putting oneself in that person’s shoes. Nursing is a profession that requires emphatic skills in which communication between people is important in patient care. Not being able to approach the patient and the patient family with empathy, not being able to understand others can create a perception of providing incomplete service and is one of the causes of burnout in nurses. Burnout is important as it may cause anorexia, insomnia and lack of motivation individually in nurses, and also a decrease in the quality of nursing services. The aim of this study is to examine the association between nurses’ empathic skills and their burnout levels. The study was conducted with 289 nurses working in Elazığ Fethi Sekin City Hospital between July and September2020. The data were collected by using a questionnaire form prepared by the researchers, Empathic Skills Scale B-Form and Maslach Burnout Inventory. The study was designed as a correlational study to find out the association between nurses’ empathic skill levels and burnout levels. Mean age of the nurses in the study was 35.83±9.72. Mean working time in the profession was 12.57±9.7 years. Total mean score of nurses from Empathic Skills Scale was 138.93±18.11, while their mean scores from Masclach Burnout Inventory were 22.8±7.2 in emotional exhaustion subscale, 9.1±4.2 in depersonalization subscale and 20.0±6.3 in personal accomplishment subscale. Statistically significant difference was found between empathic skills scale and depersonalization subscale (p0.05). Negative association was found between empathic skills scale and depersonalization subscale. As the empathic scale scores increase, depersonalization subscale scores decrease.

Work burnout and coping strategies among Egyptian forensic physicians: a national study

BackgroundForensic physicians are confronted daily with highly stressful and traumatic duties. With repeated exposure, they are at risk of psychological distress, especially burnout. The current study’s objective was to measure the prevalence of burnout and its associated factors among Egyptian forensic physicians, describe their coping strategies, and the correlation between burnout levels and coping strategies. A cross-sectional study on Egyptian forensic physicians was carried out using a self-administered questionnaire. It included personal and occupational data, Maslach Burnout Inventory, and the Brief COPE Inventory. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify significant independent predictors of burnout. The correlation between burnout and coping was examined.ResultsModerate/high levels of burnout were scored by 72.9 %, 51.9%, and 75.9% of forensic physicians in the emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment subscales, respectively. The significant independent predictors of high emotional exhaustion were being a forensic examiner (AOR, 3.1; 95% CI, 1.3–7.6) and facing stressful job duties more than five times per month (AOR, 4.4; 95% CI, 1.6–12.3). The predictor of high depersonalization was being a forensic examiner (AOR, 22.8; 95% CI, 8.0–64.8), and for low personal accomplishment was being a female (AOR, 3.0; 95% CI, 1.3–6.8). The most frequent coping strategies adopted by forensic physicians were adaptive coping.ConclusionsEgyptian forensic physicians have a high prevalence of burnout. Forensic examiners, females with high exposure to stressful duties are more likely to have high burnout levels. Thus, psychoeducation and psychological support services should be applied and made easily accessible to them.

Individual-focused occupational health interventions: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Employee stress and related psychological strain is not only damaging for those that experience it, but is also costly for employers and society at large. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of individual-focused occupational health interventions in a comprehensive meta-analysis, improving the interpretability of results by analyzing the interventions' impact on specific outcome measures. A literature search of randomized control trials (RCTs) of stress management, health or wellness interventions in healthy workers was completed using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and PsycARTICLES. The following outcome measures were meta-analyzed: (a) Perceive Stress Scale (PSS), (b) General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), (c) State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), (d) Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), and (e) absenteeism. Forty-nine studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in a random-effects meta-analysis. There was a beneficial effect of interventions across all outcome measures (all p < .05) except for the MBI Personal Accomplishment subscale and absenteeism. The largest effect size (g = -0.65, p < .001) was observed with the PSS scale. For separate subanalyses considering intervention types, multimodal interventions had the largest impact on reducing state anxiety (g = -1.01, p = .02), followed by relaxation interventions reducing PSS levels (g = -0.75, p < .001) and cognitive interventions reducing PSS levels (g = -0.66, p < .001). This meta-analysis provides evidence that individual-focused occupational health interventions can have a significant effect on stress-related outcomes postintervention and at follow-up. It also suggests that the intervention's effectiveness varies based on the outcome measures used. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).