Personal Accomplishment Scores Research Articles

Prevalence and predictors of burnout among nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic: A survey in teaching hospitals.

Occupational burnout is one of the most important consequences of the coronavirus disease pandemic, associated with psychological well-being, quality of care, and intention to leave the nursing profession. This is a major health problem with serious adverse consequences not only for nurses but also for patients and healthcare systems. To assess burnout and its associated factors in nurses who worked in teaching hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran. A cross-sectional study was conducted on nurses of two COVID-19 referral hospitals in Tehran, Iran. Data were collected using the sociodemographic form and Maslach burnout inventory-human service survey (MBI-HSS) questionnaire. Data were evaluated using SPSS software version 26. A total of 264 participants, 52.7% (n = 139) were males and the mean of them age was 34.41±9.71 years. Almost 50% of nurses experienced burnout, in each dimension. Emotional exhaustion was associated significantly with job retention intention (P = 0.01) and depersonalization was significantly associated with gender (P = 0.02), age (P = 0.01), educational level (P = 0.004), work shifts (P = 0.006), and job retention intention (P = 0.02). In addition, personal accomplishment score was significantly associated with age (P = 0.002), marital status (P = 0.03), educational level (P = 0.03), work shift (P = 0.04) and job retention intention (P = 0.01). The burnout rate in the COVID-19 era is high among nurses associated with improper care. Psychosocial support is needed to improve mental well-being among health care workers during unpredictable conditions like pandemics.

Informal Peer Support and Intentional Acts of Kindness May Attenuate the Impact of Work-Related Stressors on Compassion Satisfaction, Secondary Traumatic Stress, and Burnout of Emergency Medical Services Clinicians

ObjectiveEmergency medical services (EMS) Code Lavender was developed to support EMS clinicians after stressful events via consistent recognition of events, informal peer support, and intentional acts of kindness. This study evaluated changes in burnout screening tool responses of EMS clinicians in response to program implementation and the coincidental start of coronavirus disease 2019. MethodsAnonymous surveys with demographic questions and 2 burnout screening tools were distributed before program implementation (spring 2020) and 20 months later (fall 2021). Analysis included t-tests, Fisher exact tests, and multivariable linear regression. ResultsSeventy-seven preprogram (59% response rate) and 108 intraprogram (88% response rate) survey responses were included. No changes existed between preprogram and intraprogram responses across all subscale scores. Sex was associated with depersonalization subscale scores, with men having scores 1.53 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.11-2.95) higher than women. Compared with emergency medical technicians, paramedics had higher compassion satisfaction (OR 3.50; 95% CI 1.79-5.70) and personal accomplishment scores (OR 2.40; 95% CI 1.08-3.71). Transport nurses had higher personal accomplishment (OR 3.29; 95% CI 1.18-5.40), depersonalization (OR 3.73; 95% CI 1.19-6.26), and rates of burnout symptoms (OR 0.54; 95% CI 0.09-0.98) than emergency medical technicians. ConclusionThe organizational commitment, peer support, and authentic leadership of EMS Code Lavender may attenuate work-related stressors among EMS clinicians.

Factors Influencing Burnout Syndrome and Depression in Dentists across Various Institutions.

Background and Objectives: This study aimed to identify the occupational and personal factors influencing burnout syndrome (BS) and depression among dentists in academic faculties, oral and dental health centres (ODHCs), and private clinics. Materials and Methods: This prospective, cross-sectional study was carried out on dentists working in different regions of Turkey. Data were gathered through an online questionnaire hosted on Google Forms. The questionnaire consisted of demographic data and Maslach BS Inventory (MBI) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) sections. The demographic data collected included age, height, weight, marital status, blood type, gender, monthly income, income satisfaction, and whether the participant had enough free time. The dentists were divided into three groups, namely, faculty setting, private clinic, and ODHC, according to the institutions at which they worked. Results: The study was composed of 290 dentists, including 172 males and 118 females, with an average age of 36.98 ± 5.56 years. In total, 128 of the dentists worked in faculties, 72 worked in private clinics, and 90 worked in ODHCs. The study found that women exhibited higher EE scores than men (p < 0.05). The comparison of BS and depression scores showed no statistically significant differences between groups based on marital status or blood type (p > 0.05). There was no significant relationship between emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalisation (DP), personal accomplishment (PA), and depression scores according to age, BMI, and work experience (p < 0.05). It was found that the EE scores of the dentists working in faculties and private clinics were lower than those of the dentists working in ODHCs (p < 0.05). Monthly income was associated with depression (r = -0.35). Conclusions: The findings reveal that dentists employed in ODHCs reported greater levels of EE. These results suggest a pressing need for enhancements in the work environments of dentists, especially in ODHCs.

Frequency of burnout in dental students and its relationship with stress level, depressive, and anxiety state

BackgroundThis study aimed to identify the prevalence of burnout in dental students at the Dentistry School of University of Qadisiya, Iraq. All students at the dentistry school were invited to participate in the study. Medical and dental education is a highly demanding endeavor. Burnout is associated with anxiety, depression, and stress levels. Addressing these psychological factors and manage them early will improve the well-being of students.Material and methodsA cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted with the participation of 147 dentistry school students. The students completed a sociodemographic data form, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI).ResultsThe DASS-21 scale scores for all three components (depression, anxiety, and stress) were high in 74.1%, 90.4%, and 98% of the respondents, respectively. The results also showed that high scores of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment were reported in 50.3%, 67.3%, and 89.8% respectively. MBI revealed a significant association with presence of an established diagnosis of a mental illness or a chronic illness, but not with sociodemographic characteristics. Students had a high stress perception but had relatively lower than depression and anxiety. Almost half of the students reported that they were moderately or severely depressed or anxious.ConclusionAll MBI subscales had statistically significant correlation with scores of mental health or chronic physical illnesses. The respondents reported high percentages of all components of MBI. Prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress is much higher in dental students compared to the general population. They also have a very high prevalence of all components of the MBI. Further research is warranted to explore additional factors contributing to burnout and mental health issues among dental students and to develop effective strategies for prevention and intervention.

Prevalence of and factors associated with burnout in pediatric urology fellows

The 2016 AUA census found 39% of practicing urologists experienced burnout. Burnout is a syndrome of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and decreased feelings of personal accomplishment due to workplace stress. Despite the demands of training, little is known about the prevalence of burnout in pediatric urology fellows. To determine the prevalence of burnout in pediatric urology fellows and factors associated with higher levels of burnout. The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and an anonymous survey of personal and training characteristics were distributed electronically to pediatric urology fellows in April 2023. The MBI is a standardized and validated 22-item questionnaire used to quantify burnout and is comprised of three subscales: Emotional Exhaustion (EE), Depersonalization (DP), and Personal Accomplishment (PA). As per prior literature, higher scores in EE (>27) or DP (>10) were defined as high burnout. Demographic and training characteristics were compared between fellows with high and low to moderate levels of burnout with t tests and Fischer's exact tests. The survey response rate was 85% (29/34); 48% clinical fellows, 52% research fellows. Mean age of respondents was 31.4 years (SD 2.6), 59% female, 70% married, and 37% a parent. Mean scores for EE, DP, and PA were 15 (SD 10.2), 4 (SD 4.0), and 39 (SD 10.3), respectively, with no significant difference between year in fellowship. Nineteen percent of fellows met criteria for high burnout and 41% met criteria for moderate to high burnout based on EE or DP scores. Factors significantly associated with high burnout included number nights of call per month and number of projects required to complete in fellowship. Strategies fellows used most to combat burnout included quality time with family and friends, sleep, exercise, and watching TV/movies. Nearly 20% of pediatric urology fellows scored for high levels of burnout and over 40% scored for moderate to high levels of burnout. There appears to be an association with increased call and project workload requirements with increased levels of burnout, and efforts to combat burnout could specifically address these factors. Fellows with more children at home had lower levels of burnout, and many trainees described quality time with family and friends as their preferred strategy to prevent burnout. This survey-based study identifies risk factors for burnout in pediatric urology fellows. Fellows can use the information presented to consider personalized strategies to prevent burnout through training and into their careers.

Resident Burnout, Wellness, Professional Development, and Engagement Before and After New Training Schedule Implementation

Burnout is a work-related syndrome of depersonalization (DP), emotional exhaustion (EE), and low personal achievement (PA) that is prevalent among internal medicine resident trainees. Prior interventions have had modest effects on resident burnout. The association of a new 4 + 4 block schedule (4 inpatient weeks plus 4 outpatient weeks) with resident burnout has not previously been evaluated. To evaluate the association of a 4 + 4 block schedule, compared with a 4 + 1 schedule, with burnout, wellness, and self-reported professional engagement and clinical preparedness among resident physicians. This nonrandomized preintervention and postintervention survey study was conducted in a single academic-based internal medicine residency program from June 2019 to June 2021. The study included residents in the categorical, hospitalist, and primary care tracks in postgraduate years 1 and 2 (PGY1 and PGY2). Data analysis was conducted from October to December 2022. In the 4 + 4 structure, resident schedules alternated between 4-week inpatient call-based rotations and 4-week ambulatory non-call-based rotations. The primary outcome was burnout, assessed using the Maslach Burnout Inventory subcategories of EE (range, 0-54), DP (range, 0-30), and PA (range, 0-48), adjusted for sex and PGY. Secondary outcomes included In-Training Examination (ITE) scores and a questionnaire on professional, educational, and health outcomes. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the primary outcome, 1-way analysis of variance was used to compare ITE percentiles, and a Bonferroni-adjusted Kruskal Wallis test was used for the remaining secondary outcomes. The findings were reexamined with several sensitivity analyses, and Cohen's D was used to estimate standardized mean differences (SMDs). Of the 313 eligible residents, 216 completed the surveys. A total of 107 respondents (49.5%) were women and 109 (50.5%) were men; 119 (55.1%) were PGY1 residents. The survey response rates were 78.0% (85 of 109) in the preintervention cohort and 60.6% (63 of 104) and 68.0% (68 of 100) in the 2 postintervention cohorts. The PGY1 residents had higher response rates than the PGY2 residents (119 of 152 [78.2%] vs 97 of 161 [60.2%]; P < .001). Adjusted EE scores (mean difference [MD], -6.78 [95% CI, -9.24 to -4.32]) and adjusted DP scores (MD, -3.81 [95% CI, -5.29 to -2.34]) were lower in the combined postintervention cohort. The change in PA scores was not statistically significant (MD, 1.4 [95% CI, -0.49 to 3.29]). Of the 15 items exploring professional, educational, and health outcomes, a large positive association was observed for 11 items (SMDs >1.0). No statistically significant change in ITE percentile ranks was noted. In this survey study of internal medicine resident physicians, a positive association was observed between a 4 + 4 block training schedule and internal medicine resident burnout scores and improved self-reported professional, educational, and health outcomes. These results suggest that specific 4 + 4 block combinations may better improve resident burnout than a 4 + 1 combination used previously.

The effect of mindfulness-based compassionate living training for informal caregivers of palliative inpatients on burnout and caregiving burden: a randomized controlled trial.

This study was conducted to determine the effect of Mindfulness-Based Compassionate Living (MBCL) training given to the informal caregivers of palliative patients on burnout and caregiving burden. A single-blind, randomized, controlled, experimental study was conducted with 54 caregivers of patients admitted to a hospital palliative care unit. The participants were randomly allocated to the experimental group (n = 26) and control group (n = 28). The experimental group received MBCL training twice a week for 4 weeks. Data were collected before and after the intervention using the Maslach Burnout Inventory, Caregiver Burden Scale and Self-Compassion Scale-Short Form. The data were analyzed using kurtosis and skewness coefficients, number, percentage, mean, standard deviation, chi-square test, independent samples t test, Wilcoxon signed ranks test and Mann-Whitney U test in SPSS version 22.0. The informal caregivers in the experimental group demonstrated a significant decrease in emotional exhaustion and depersonalization scores and an increase in personal accomplishment and self-compassion scores in posttest assessments after the MBCL intervention (P < 0.05). All of these parameters differed significantly between the experimental and control groups after the intervention (P < 0.05). MBCL training seems to be effective in reducing emotional exhaustion and depersonalization and increasing personal accomplishment and self-compassion among informal caregivers of palliative inpatients. The results of this study can be generalized to the caretakers of patients receiving palliative care in university hospitals.

Status and influencing factors of nurses' burnout: A cross-sectional study during COVID-19 regular prevention and control in Jiangsu Province, China.

Chinese nurses working with immense stress may have issues with burnout during COVID-19 regular prevention and control. There were a few studies investigating status of burnout and associated factors among Chinese nurses. However, the relationships remained unclear. To investigate status and associated factors of nurses' burnout during COVID-19 regular prevention and control. 784 nurses completed questionnaires including demographics, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Insomnia Severity Index, Impact of Event Scale-revised, Perceived Social Support Scale, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, General Self-efficacy Scale and Maslach Burnout Inventory. 310 (39.5%), 393 (50.1%) and 576 (73.5%) of respondents were at high risk of emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP) and reduced personal accomplishment (PA). The risk of EE, DP and reduced PA were moderate, high and high. Nurses with intermediate and senior professional rank and title and worked >40h every week had lower scores in EE. Those worked in low-risk department reported lower scores in PA. Anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), self-efficacy and social support were influencing factors of EE and DP, while social support and resilience were associated factors of PA. Chinese nurses' burnout during COVID-19 regular prevention and control was serious. Professional rank and title, working unit, weekly working hours, anxiety, PTSD, self-efficacy, social support and resilience were associated factors of burnout.

Practitioner Burnout and Productivity Levels in Skilled Nursing and Assisted Living Facilities, Part 1: A Descriptive Quantitative Account.

Understanding burnout among practitioners in skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) and assisted living facilities (ALFs) while considering contextual factors may lead to practices that enhance therapist and patient satisfaction as well as quality of care. To examine productivity standards and burnout in the context of setting and role, as reported by therapy practitioners in geriatric settings, and to explore relationships between productivity standards and perceived ethical pressures. Cross-sectional online survey with descriptive data. Practitioners (N = 366) included occupational therapists, physical therapists, speech-language pathologists, and occupational and physical therapy assistants working in SNFs and ALFs in the United States. A survey integrating the Maslach Burnout Inventory: Human Services Survey for Medical Personnel (MBI-HSS) and questions addressing demographics and contextual factors was distributed via social media. Of 366 practitioners, 20.5% were burned out, exhibiting extreme scores for Emotional Exhaustion (EE), Depersonalization (DP), and Personal Accomplishment (PA) on the MBI-HSS. Significant relationships between productivity requirements and EE, DP, and PA, after accounting for covariates, were evident. Significant relationships between productivity standards and five of the six ethically questionable behaviors existed. Role affected productivity requirements, specifically between therapists and assistants, whereas setting did not. Productivity standards and related pressures are associated with concerning aspects of burnout among practitioners working in geriatric settings. Advocating for change in defining productivity and incorporating positive support in the work environment may assist in reducing burnout and turnover rates and improve patient satisfaction and care. Plain-Language Summary: This research highlights the prevalence of burnout and perceived pressures related to productivity requirements among occupational therapy practitioners working in skilled nursing and assisted living facilities.

Frequency of Burnout Syndrome in Doctors during COVID-19 Pandemic in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Objective: To determine the frequency of burnout syndrome in junior doctors who worked in COVID 19 units of a tertiary care hospital. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration: The study was conducted at Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College Karachi by the Department of Community Medicine during 1st August 2020 to 30th June 2021. Methodology: The study population was house officers, interns, medical officers and junior residents working solely in COVID 19 isolation wards, high dependency units and intensive care units. The data was collected on structured questionnaire which had sections of socio-demography and Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services survey (MBI-HSS). MBI-HSS is reliable and validated tool for assessment of burnout syndrome. It evaluates three sub-dimensions of burnout that is emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP) and low personal accomplishment (PA). Data analysis was done on SPSS version 21. Results: Total 106 doctors were working in different COVID 19 units and all of them had participated in the study. Majority were females and young. Around 55% of participants had high emotional exhaustion scores. All the participants had high (&gt;9) depersonalization scores, and low (&lt;32) personal accomplishment scores. Doctors working less than eight hours a day had low levels of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization scores and high personal accomplishment as compared to doctors working more than eight hours a day. There was no significant difference in scores among the designations of junior doctors. Conclusion: The health authorities need to take supportive measures to improve mental health of workers for attaining better health outcomes. Keywords: Burnout Syndrome, Maslach Burnout Inventory, Healthcare Workers, COVID 19, Doctors, Tertiary Care. How to Cite This: Siddiqui AF, Abidi SS ,Zainab S ,Quershi K ,Khoso A. Frequency of Burnout Syndrome in Doctors during COVID-19 Pandemic in a Tertiary Care Hospital. Isra Med J. 2023; 15(2): 60-64. DOI: https://doi.org/10.55282/imj.oa1357

Burnout syndrome among rheumatologists and rheumatology fellows in Arab countries: an ArLAR multinational study.

Burnout is frequent among physicians and seems to be underestimated among rheumatologists. To estimate the frequency of burnout in a sample of rheumatologists practising in the Arab countries and determine its associated factors. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted by the Arab League of Associations for Rheumatology (ArLAR research group) using an anonymous electronic questionnaire set up on the Google Forms platform. All Arab rheumatologists and rheumatology fellows were invited to participate in the spring of 2022 via ArLAR social media accounts, societies' WhatsApp groups, and mass emails. Burnout was defined by at least one positive domain of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) (Emotional exhaustion, Depersonalization, and Personal accomplishment). The final score was correlated to socio-demographic factors using a multivariable binary logistic regression. The study included 445 rheumatologists and rheumatology fellows with an average age of 45.2years (SD 11.5); 61.8% were men. The frequency of burnout among rheumatologists was 61.3% and was driven by low personal accomplishment scores (58.1%). Younger age (OR 1.92 (95%CI 1.20-3.08)), dissatisfaction with the specialty (OR 2.036 (95% CI 1.20-3.46)), and low income (OR 2.26 (95% CI 1.01-5.10)) were associated with burnout. The frequency of burnout in a sample of rheumatologists in Arab countries is very high, driven by low personal accomplishment scores and associated with a low income, dissatisfaction with the specialty and younger age. Some associated factors might be modifiable, thus reducing the burden of burnout on rheumatologists and on the healthcare system. Key Points • The frequency of burnout in a sample of Arab rheumatologists was 61.3% according to the MBI. • The score was mainly driven by low personal accomplishment scores (58.1%). • Younger age, dissatisfaction with the specialty, and low income were associated with burnout. • Acting upon modifiable risk factors would help reducing the burden of burnout on rheumatologists and on the healthcare system.

Cognitive distortions and perfectionism during bipolar and unipolar depressive episode

BackgroundThe aim of the current study was to compare bipolar depression (BD) and unipolar depression (UD) patients and healthy controls in terms of their cognitive distortions and perfectionist traits during acute depressive episodes.ResultsThe current dissertation study is a cross-sectional study consisting of 80 patients with unipolar depression, 80 patients with bipolar depression, and 80 healthy controls. Sociodemographic and Clinical Data Form, Cognitive Distortion Scale (CDS), Frost’s Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (FMPS), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), and Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) were used as measurement tools. Healthy controls were selected on the basis that they had the same gender and age distribution as the other participants. It was found that patients with unipolar and bipolar depression had statistically equal but higher total CDS interpersonal and personal achievement scores than healthy controls, and all subtypes of the CDS labeling score were higher in the unipolar depression group than in the other groups. It was found that both depression groups had higher FMPS self-oriented and social-oriented perfectionism scores than healthy controls, lower others-oriented perfectionism scores than healthy controls, and there were no statistically significant differences between them in terms of perfectionism subtypes.ConclusionsIn the light of the research data, it was found that the patients with bipolar/unipolar depression had more cognitive distortion than healthy controls and cognitive distortion was not significantly different in the two groups. According to the research data, it is observed that perfectionism is higher in unipolar depression than in bipolar depression. The data obtained have the potential to provide a theoretical basis for a psychotherapeutic approach.

Teacher Well-Being among English Lecturers and Instructors in Saudi Arabia

In the recent years, the importance of teacher well-being (TWB), which plays a key role in teaching quality and students’ educational outcomes, has encouraged a plethora of empirical studies across various disciplines. However, there are four notable gaps in the literature on TWB: (i) most studies focus on TWB in terms of negative psychological states and ignore the impact of positive states; (ii) few studies examine TWB in the Saudi Arabian context; (iii) most researchers have failed to propose how TWB can be improved; (iv) maintaining TWB among foreign language (FL) and English as a second language (ESL) teachers is challenging because of the unique demands of their roles. Therefore, to address these gaps in the literature, the current study examined TWB among Saudi ESL lecturers and instructors in terms of the positive aspects of their work life that measured their sense of personal accomplishment via a valid survey instrument and proposed ways to improve TWB. A sample (n=129) of Saudi lecturers and instructors completed a three-part survey designed to measure TWB in terms of both negative and positive psychological states: emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation, and personal accomplishment. The results highlight that on average, the Saudi ESL teachers sampled had relatively high levels of TWB as indicated by their low depersonalisation scores and relatively high personal accomplishment scores. That said, the teachers’ relatively high average emotional exhaustion score (20) indicated that they felt moderately overworked, exhausted, and emotionally exhausted. On the light of outcome, the study represents an effort to improve teaching effectiveness, student outcomes, and educational governance and provide useful insights for Saudi Arabian educational stakeholders to enable them to better provide all students with highly motivated, well-supported, and well-qualified teachers.

Determining the Relationship Between Compassion Fatigue and Job Satisfaction and Burnout Levels in Physiotherapists

Aim: The aim of the study is to examine the relationship between compassion fatigue, job satisfaction and burnout levels in physiotherapists.&#x0D; Material and Methods: A total of 147 physiotherapists were included in this cross-sectional study. Demographic information (age and gender), marital status, working year, field of study (neurological rehabilitation (pediatric rehabilitation, cardiopulmonary rehabilitation) and orthopedic rehabilitation (sports rehabilitation, prosthesis-orthotics rehabilitation)) and institution information (public, private) of the individuals were recorded. Compassion fatigue was evaluated with the Compassion Scale, job satisfaction was evaluated with the Job Satisfaction Scale, and the level of burnout was evaluated with the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Data were filled in by individuals online.&#x0D; Results: A total of 147 physiotherapists, 40 male and 107 female, were included in the study. A positive significant correlation was found between the compassion scale and the job satisfaction scale (r=0.261, p=0.001). On the Maslach burnout inventory, there was a negative correlation between the Compassion Scale with emotional exhaustion (r=-0.195, p=0.018) and personal achievement score (r=-0.270, p=0.001), and a positive correlation with depersonalization (r=0.413, p=0.000). In addition, a significant difference was found in the Compassion Scale in terms of gender (p=0.008) and field of study (p=0.044).&#x0D; Conclusion: In this study, in which compassion fatigue was evaluated for the first time in physiotherapists, it was determined that as compassion fatigue increased, job satisfaction decreased and exhaustion increased. At the same time, compassion fatigue is more common in male physiotherapists and physiotherapists working in neurology and pediatrics rehabilitation.

Suicidal ideation, burnout, and their correlation among health care workers at the end of the fourth wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Alborz Province, Iran.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, Health Care Workers (HCWs) were more vulnerable than ever to Burnout and Suicidal thoughts due to stressful work conditions. This study, investigated the level of Burnout and Suicidal thoughts among HCWs during the fourth wave of the pandemic in Alborz Province in Iran and compared it with the conditions at the beginning of the pandemic. A total of 305 HCWs from 3 referral hospitals for COVID-19, including 155 men and 150 women, participated in the study. A cross-sectional study was carried out with a sample of HCWs dealing with COVID-19 patients using the available sampling method. The results of this online survey, which was conducted from June 7 to July 5, 2021 (at the end of the Fourth Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Iran), have been compared with the conditions of the First Wave of the Pandemic (from February 24 to April 27, 2020). The participants were evaluated by the Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideations (BSSI) and Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). The mean age of the participants was 36.34 ± 7.37. The means of Suicide Index (SI), Emotional Exhaustion (EE), Depersonalization (DP), and Personal Accomplishment (PA) scores were 0.76 ± 1.74, 19.94 ± 4.69, 4.92 ± 1.51, and 31.30 ± 5.88, respectively. SI and PA were significantly higher in workers other than nurses and physicians and EE was higher among workers with night shifts (p value<0.05 in all indices). Age had a significant and negative correlation with EE (p value<0.01) and DP (p value<0.05) and a significant and positive correlation with PA (p value<0.01). This study showed a high level of SI and Burnout indices among HCWs in the fourth wave of the pandemic in Iran. Paying attention to the factors affecting the development of social capital and creating health policy changes may be effective in reducing Burnout indices and high Suicide index among HCWs.

Parents working as health professionals during the pandemic

PurposeTo evaluate family routines, stress, and burnout levels of health professionals who were also parents during the pandemic process. Design and methodsThis study is a quantitative descriptive study. A total of 380 parents who were working as health professionals in a training and research hospital participated in this study. Data were collected using a data collection form. Percentage distribution, mean, Kolmogorov–Smirnov, Shapiro–Wilk, one-way MANOVA, and McNemar tests were used to evaluate the data. ResultsIn this study, 64.7% of the participants were women. The rate of participants whose children were in preschool was 31.8%. A total of 82.4% of participants indicated that their role of parenting was affected during the pandemic. A statistically significant difference was found between the Parental Stress Scale, the Emotional Exhaustion, and the Personal Achievement scores according to (p < 0.05). A statistically significant difference was found between the mean scores of depersonalizations of the participants who had infant children, during the play period, and in the preschool period (p < 0.05). ConclusionsIt was determined that family routines of health professionals who were parents during the pandemic were affected, and they experienced stress and burnout due to these altered routines. It was observed that health professionals who had children, especially in preschool, experienced greater stress, because the children were young and more dependent on their parents. Implications to practiceHealth professionals needed to be provided with support, taking necessary precautions for their family life and family routines during the pandemic process.

Phenomenological characteristics of autobiographical future thinking in nurses with burnout: a case-control study.

Nurses constitute the largest group of healthcare workers worldwide, and job burnout is very common among them. This study aims to explore abnormal future thinking in nurses with burnout. Additionally, the study investigates whether these manifestations worsen as burnout progresses. The study was conducted in inpatient ward nurses at a tertiary hospital in Hangzhou, China. In the first phase, two group of nurses were recruited: nurses with burnout (N = 70) and nurses without burnout (N = 70). In the second phase, three groups were recruited according to the burnout levels: mild burnout (N = 43), moderate burnout (N = 42) and severe burnout (N = 43). Data on job burnout were obtained using the Chinese Maslach Burnout Inventory. The Sentence Completion for Events in the Future Test (SCEFT) was employed to measure the content of future thinking, which was evaluated by two raters in terms of the specificity, emotional valence, and concrete content of the imagined future events. The proportions of specific types of events among all the produced events were calculated. The results revealed that nurses with burnout, compared to nurses without burnout, imagined fewer specific future events, positive events, and events related to relationships and achievement. They also had more omissions. As the level of burnout increased, their impairment in future thinking worsened. Furthermore, the results also revealed that the scores of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment had significant correlations with the proportions of positive events and events related to relationships and achievement/mastery in nurses' future thinking content. The future thinking ability of nurses with burnout was impaired, and this impairment worsened as the symptoms of burnout progressed. The findings of the present study have important implications for nurse caring and advocate effective interventions targeting positive future thinking to mitigate nurses' burnout.

Current incidence of professional burnout among Ukrainian oncologists in Kharkiv.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic and the military conflicts in Ukraine suggest that workrelated stressors increased during these crises increases work-related stress reactions. Burnout as a long-term consequence of insufficiently compensated for workloads. The regional prevalence of burnout is particularly high among oncologists. The aim of this study was to assess the current risk of burnout within this group of physicians and to examine gender differences through gender-based analysis. Thirtyseven oncologists (17 men and 20 women aged 46.5±13.6 years [range 26-74 years]) in Kharkiv, Ukraine, participated. The Maslach Burnout Inventory - General Survey (MBI-GS) questionnaire was used to determine the extent of occupational. Gender, age, and work experience had no effect on the following results. Women demonstrated higher scores in emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment of the MBI than men. In contrast, men offered higher cynicism scores. The MBI total score was also higher for the male oncologists. Only 1 person of the total sample had risk of burnout. The results showed a high prevalence of burnout symptoms among Ukrainian oncologists without gender differences. From occupational health perspective behavioral and behavior-preventive measures are needed for clinics and oncologists to counteract the burnout symptoms, e.g. exhaustion or cyniscism. Further studies are needed here to examine the effectiveness of these measures. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2023;36(6):717-3.

Burnout and depression: A cross sectional study among health care workers providing HIV care during the COVID-19 pandemic in Malawi.

Health care workers (HCWs) in eastern Africa experience high levels of burnout and depression, and this may be exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic due to anxiety and increased work pressure. We assessed the prevalence of burnout, depression and associated factors among Malawian HCWs who provided HIV care during the COVID-19 pandemic. From April-May 2021, between the second and third COVID-19 waves in Malawi, we randomly selected HCWs from 32 purposively selected PEPFAR/USAID-supported health facilities for a cross-sectional survey. We screened for depression using the World Health Organization Self Report Questionnaire (positive screen: score≥8) and for burnout using the Maslach Burnout Inventory tool, (positive screen: moderate-high Emotional Exhaustion and/or moderate-high Depersonalization, and/or low-moderate Personal Accomplishment scores). Logistic regression models were used to evaluate factors associated with depression and burnout. We enrolled 435 HCWs, median age 32 years (IQR 28-38), 54% male, 34% were clinical cadres and 66% lay cadres. Of those surveyed, 28% screened positive for depression, 29% for burnout and 13% for both. In analyses that controlled for age, district, and residence (rural/urban), we found that screening positive for depression was associated with expecting to be infected with COVID-19 in the next 12 months (aOR 2.7, 95%CI 1.3-5.5), and previously having a COVID-19 infection (aOR 2.58, 95CI 1.4-5.0). Screening positive for burnout was associated with being in the clinical cadre (aOR 1.86; 95% CI: 1.2-3.0) and having a positive depression screen (aOR 3.2; 95% CI: 1.9-5.4). Reports of symptoms consistent with burnout and depression were common among Malawian HCWs providing HIV care but prevalence was not higher than in surveys before the COVID-19 pandemic. Regular screening for burnout and depression should be encouraged, given the potential for adverse HCW health outcomes and reduced work performance. Feasible interventions for burnout and depression among HCWs in our setting need to be introduced urgently.

Effect of an Online Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Intervention on Postpandemic Era Nurses' Subjective Well-being, Job Burnout, and Psychological Adaptation.

This study explores the effects of an online mindfulness-based stress reduction intervention on postpandemic era nurses' subjective well-being, job burnout, and psychological adaptation. Previous studies on the psychological adaptability of nurses mainly focused on investigation rather than intervention. Ninety nurses were randomly classified into an intervention or control group. The intervention group received weekly online mindfulness-based stress reduction training for 8 weeks. The Subjective Well-being, Job Burnout, and Psychological Use scales were administered pre- and postintervention. Postintervention, nurses' positive emotions and life satisfaction significantly improved. Nurses' psychological adaptation was significantly higher postintervention than preintervention. The total scores for negative emotion, low personal accomplishment, and job burnout were significantly lower postintervention than preintervention. The scores for positive emotion and life satisfaction in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the scores for low personal accomplishment in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group. Online mindfulness-based stress reduction interventions can improve nurses' subjective well-being, reduce job burnout, and improve their level of psychological adaptability. Moreover, it could promote nurses' ability to communicate mindfully with patients and their families. This intervention could help promote the development of mindfulness in the nursing field.