Person Product Moment Correlation Research Articles

Pengaruh Kemampuan Penalaran Formal Terhadap Hasil Belajar Kimia Siswa SMA Negeri 1 Jayapura

The main objective of this research is to determine the formal reasoning abilities of students in class The approach used in this research is a descriptive and associative approach. The data collection technique used is the Test of Logical Thinking (TOLT). From the data analysis, it was found that the reasoning ability of class 2023/2024 academic year with person product moment correlation obtained a value of rx1y = 0.909 and KP 82.6%. There is an influence between formal reasoning abilities on learning outcomes in the main subject matter of chemistry XI MIA 1 SMA N 1 Jayapura for the 2023/2024 academic year with line equations linear regression Y = 69.79 + 0.311X.

The relationship between student’s knowledge and responses to flood disasters

Khalifatullah Islamic High School in Sukoharjo Regency, Central Java is one of the schools that affected by the flood. This research aimed to analyze the relationship between the knowledge levels and the level of response of students of Khalifatullah Islamic High School related to the flood. This research was a quantitative descriptive study involving 75 students as participants. This research used a saturated sampling technique, which means that the population was used as a sample. The data were collected by questionnaire using the Likert scale and were analyzed using product-moment correlation tests. The results showed that the level of students’ knowledge about the flood was in the high category with an average score of 62.65. The level of student response to flooding was in the high category with an average score of 57.92. There was a relationship between the level of knowledge and the level of student response to the flood which is indicated by the significance value of the person product moment correlation test of 0.001. The research results show that the higher the students’ knowledge about floods, the more they will have the right attitude when a flood occurs, so it is urgent to increase their knowledge about floods.

Moral Intelligence and Bullying At Junior High School

There are many cases of bullying at junior high school level. Every school are now inclusive school because of the diverse culture, socioeconomic status, and students with various special needs. The diversity makes students look different. This is actually an opportunity for students to hone tolerance, or as opposite a high risk for occurrence of bullying. Therefore bullying is related to moral intelligence. If students can show empathy, they tend to think wisely and act positive. Coversely, those who bully others are students who lack kindness and act to suppres their peers. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between moral intelligence and bullying in junior high school students. The method used is quantitative with a correlational design. The subject were 300 junior high school students, boys and girls. The research used Moral Competency Inventory (MCI) scale and Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire (OBVQ) scale to collect the data, and data were analyzed using person product moment correlation. The results show negative and significant relationship between moral intelligence and bullying behavior in junior high school students with a correlation value of –0.633 and a significant value of 0.001.
 Keywords: moral intelligence, bullying, junior high school student

School Facilities Maintenance Strategies and Quality Education Delivery in Public Junior Secondary Schools, Lagos State

This study used five assumptions to guide the examination of the techniques for maintaining school infrastructure and providing high-quality education in public junior secondary schools in Lagos State Education District 1. All 42 public junior secondary school principals and teachers in the chosen education district made up the study's population, which used a descriptive and correlational research approach. 216 principals and teachers made up the sample, which was selected using multistage - stratified, simple random, and purposive selection approaches from the sampled 18 schools. A self-constructed questionnaire with two dimensions, one with 20 items on quality education delivery and the other dimension on school facilities maintenance strategies, were used to collect data for the study. For each dimension, the reliability coefficients for this instrument's were found to be 0.77 and 0.79, respectively with a face and content validity being ensured. Person product moment correlation analysis was used as an inferential statistical technique to analyze the data at the 0.05 level of significance. The research findings indicates a noteworthy correlation between preventative maintenance strategy(r = .813; N=216; p< .05), corrective maintenance strategy (r = .786; N=216; p< .05), routine maintenance strategy (r = .765; N=216; p< .05), emergency maintenance strategy (r = .745; N=216; p< .05), remedial maintenance strategy (r = .925; N=216; p< .05) and quality education delivery in Lagos State Education District I. The study thereafter concluded that school facilities maintenance strategies is apparently a major determining factor of quality education delivery in public junior secondary schools in Lagos State Education District I. Thus, the study's recommendations include, among other things, the requirement that maintenance practices and culture be ingrained in everyone and that all parties involved in the education sector bear responsibility for them in order to guarantee the delivery of high-quality education.

Relationship Between Intensity of Listening to The Song Diri by Tulus and Self-Acceptance in The Solo Tulus Friends Community

Self-acceptance is an essential component of psychological well-being, and music or songs have their potential to contribute to mental health and well-being. This research aims to determine the influence of the intensity of listening to the song Diri by Tulus on self-acceptance in the Teman Tulus Solo Community. The research method used is quantitative with person-product moment correlation. The research population is members of the Teman Tulus Solo Community who follow the official Instagram account @temantulussolo and live in Solo Raya (Surakarta, Boyolali, Sukoharjo, Karanganyar, Wonogiri, Sragen, and Klaten). The sampling technique uses snowball sampling. The total sample size was 102 respondents, consisting of 89 women and 13 men. The instruments in this research were the intensity scale for listening to self-songs (α=0.812) and the Berger Self-Acceptance Scale (α=0.844), distributed online in the form of a Google form to respondents. Based on the correlation test results, there is a significant relationship between the intensity of listening to the song Diri and self-acceptance (p=0.035; r=0.209).

Telecommuting and Normative Commitment of Employees in a Technology Firm: After Effects of Covid-19 Pandemic

The recent trend in the world of work has made it expedient for organizations to adopt various flexible work practices such as telecommuting and this is affecting the normative commitment of employees. The study examined telecommuting and the normative commitment of employees in a technology firm. The study adopted the descriptive survey research design. The population of the study is (160) one hundred and sixty and using the Krecjie and Morgan sample size determination formula the sample size of (113) one hundred and thirteen was arrived at. One hundred and thirteen copies of the questionnaire were distributed, purposive sampling techniques were used and three hypotheses were tested using person-product moment correlation and multiple regression using S.P.S.S 27.0 version. The findings revealed that there is a 39.1% weak relationship between remote work and normative commitment and a 97.8% strong relationship between telework and normative commitment. The study further revealed that remote work and telework account for 95.6% of normative commitment. The study concluded that telework is the most significant variable driving normative commitment. However the study recommended among others that management should make it expedient for their telecommuter employees to report to their agency worksite frequently to prevent physical and psychological isolation and there should be constant engagement between the telecommuter employees by putting in place effective online tracking mechanisms to monitor them, also management should give them a sense of belonging, this will help discourage moonlighting.

The Correlation of Self-efficacy Towards Students’ Writing Skills at Eleventh Grade Students of Senior High School 9 Jambi City

The purpose of this research was to find out whether there is any correlation of self-efficacy toward students’ writing skills at eleventh grade students of Senior High School 9 Jambi City. This research used quantitative method with correlational research as the design. The population in this research was eleventh grade students of Senior High School 9 Jambi City with total 240 students and the sample in this research was 71 students taken by using simple random sampling technique. The technique data collection in this research using questionnaire and writing test. The data were analyzed by using person product moment correlation coefficient by SPSS 21. The result of the correlation coefficient (r) was 0.690 and that was higher than the rtable 0.230 on significant level 5%. The result of hypothesis test was 0.000 < 0.05. It means that Ho was rejected and Ha was accepted because the value of Sig. is less than the 0.05. In conclusion, there is significant correlation of self-efficacy towards students’ writing skills at eleventh grade students of Senior High School 9 Jambi City.

Hubungan Hasil Evaluasi Pembelajaran dengan Motivasi Belajar Siswa pada Mata Pelajaran SKI di Madrasah Tsanawiyah Swasta An-Nikmah Pulau Rakyat Kabupaten Asahan

This study aims to determine the relationship between the results of learning evaluation and students' learning motivation in Class VIII SKI Subjects at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Private An-Nikmah Pulau Rakyat, Asahan District, Academic Year 2023/2024. This type of research is descriptive correlational. The population in this study were 160 students of the An-Nikmah Private Madrasah Tsanawiyah Madrasah Tsanawiyah class, Pulau Rakyat, Asahan Regency, as many as 160 people from all 4 classes. The sample taken was 32 students. The technique of collecting data is by giving a questionnaire containing statements of motivation to learn using a Likert scale and documents of student learning outcomes in the SKI subject, the object of class VIII students at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Private An-Nikmah Pulau Rakyat, Asahan Regency. Data analysis technique uses person product moment correlation analysis and simple linear regression test. The results obtained in the person product moment correlation test were 0.592 which showed that the correlation level was at a moderate level, while the results of the simple linear regression test obtained an R square of 0.351 which showed the effect of the results of the evaluation of learning on learning motivation of 35.1%. The research instrument was tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis used the Pearson product moment correlation test and a simple regression test with the help of SPSS for window 20. Thus the results of the study showed that there was a relationship between the results of learning evaluation and learning motivation.
 Keywords: Learning Evaluation Results, Learning Motivation

Hubungan Interaksi Sosial dengan Kecerdasan Emosional Siswa di SMPN 1 Sungai Geringging

This research is motivated by the phenomenon of students who experience social interaction problems, students feel embarrassed when they start interacting with their friends where they feel they will not be accepted in their social environment, and students who have difficulty in social interaction in the school environment often act indifferent when their friends are speak. This research uses a quantitative approach with a descriptive correlational research type. The population of this study was 421 students and the sample was 205 students using the stratified random sampling formula. Data were collected using a Likert scale model questionnaire and validity tests were carried out with valid items totaling 36 social interaction questionnaire items and 29 emotional intelligence questionnaire items. Meanwhile, the reliability test on the social interaction questionnaire was 0.919 and the emotional intelligence questionnaire was 0.910. Data analysis uses descriptive statistics using the person product moment correlation formula. The results of the research show that (1) The social interaction of students at SMPN 1 Sungai Geringging is at varying levels, most of it is in the medium category with a percentage of 56.10% (2) The emotional intelligence of students is at varying levels, most of it is in the medium category with percentage 54.63% (3) there is a positive and significant relationship between Social Interaction and the Emotional Intelligence of students at SMPN 1 Sungai Geringging with a calculated r value of 0.423 with an aggressiveness level of 0.000). Therefore, guidance and counseling services are needed to improve students' social interaction and emotional intelligence through information services, content mastery services and group guidance services.

Assessment of community perception on waste management practice in Ilorin metropolis, Kwara State, Nigeria

Improper collection and disposal of municipal wastes has led to different levels of environmental challenges such as blockade of sewers, drain networks and the choking of water bodies. The study adopted descriptive survey research design. The population of the study comprised of 364,666. The researcher used simple random sampling random technique to select 200 respondents in the targeted communities. The questionnaire used to collect information from the respondents was tagged Community Perception on Waste Management Practice Instrument (CPWMPI). The instrument was validated by the experts in the Department of Adult and Primary Education, University of Ilorin to ensure face, content and construct validity. To ascertain the reliability of the instrument, the questionnaire was administered to fifty respondents twice. The data collected were analyzed with the Person Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) tool, a co-efficient value of 0.89 was obtained. Inferential statistics was used to analyzed the research question while the hypotheses were analyzed with t-test and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The result showed that there was a statistically significant difference in the perception of residents on waste management practices based on gender (t {198} = 2.643, p<0.05), there was no statistically significant difference in the perception of residents on waste management practices based on marital status (t{198} = 0.837, p>0.05), there was no significant difference in the perception of residents on waste management practices based on education (F {2, 197} = 1.592, p>0.05), there was no statistically significant difference in the perception of residents on waste management practices based on religions (t{198} = 1.427, p>0.05)It was recommended in the study that there should be public enlightenment among the residents and urban dwellers on proper solid waste practices, management and disposal.

Hubungan Hasil Evaluasi Pembelajaran dengan Motivasi Belajar Siswa pada Mata Pelajaran SKI di Madrasah Tsanawiyah Swasta An-Nikmah Pulau Rakyat Kabupaten Asahan

This study aims to determine the relationship between the results of learning evaluation and students' learning motivation in Class VIII SKI Subjects at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Private An-Nikmah Pulau Rakyat, Asahan District, Academic Year 2023/2024. This type of research is descriptive correlational. The population in this study were 160 students of the An-Nikmah Private Madrasah Tsanawiyah Madrasah Tsanawiyah class, Pulau Rakyat, Asahan Regency, as many as 160 people from all 4 classes. The sample taken was 32 students. The technique of collecting data is by giving a questionnaire containing statements of motivation to learn using a Likert scale and documents of student learning outcomes in the SKI subject, the object of class VIII students at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Private An-Nikmah Pulau Rakyat, Asahan Regency. Data analysis technique uses person product moment correlation analysis and simple linear regression test. The results obtained in the person product moment correlation test were 0.592 which showed that the correlation level was at a moderate level, while the results of the simple linear regression test obtained an R square of 0.351 which showed the effect of the results of the evaluation of learning on learning motivation of 35.1%. The research instrument was tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis used the Pearson product moment correlation test and a simple regression test with the help of SPSS for window 20. Thus the results of the study showed that there was a relationship between the results of learning evaluation and learning motivation.
 Key words: Learning Evaluation Results, Learning Motivation

PERCEIVED IMPACT OF MULTIMEDIA TOOLS ON ILESA WEST SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS LEARNING OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE CONCEPTS

The study Perceived Impact of Multimedia Tools on Ilesa West Secondary School Students Learning of English Language Concepts. The study is a descriptive study; a total number of 300 respondents were used. The instrument for data collections was inventory and was inventory and was structured by the researcher for data collection and reliability level was 0.75. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics specifically mean, standard deviation, frequency counts and Person Product Moment Correlation (PPCM). The findings of the study revealed that Multimedia tools enable you to gain better understanding of English Language concepts that are unclear to you, Multimedia tools give you rom to receive an answer at the same time, as well as being able to exchange responses to questions with teachers in real time, Multimedia tools encourage you to share our thought and opinion on English Language concepts, Multimedia tools develop your critical thinking skills and enrich your learning experience in learning English Language concepts, Multimedia tools help to develop your language skills chiefly English Language, Multimedia tools assist you in comprehending text by utilizing prior knowledge new terminology, Does the appealing features of the multimedia tools allow you to boost your stimulation to the learning process involved in learning English Language concepts, application of multimedia tools in learning English Language also improve memory retention, learning accomplishment and satisfaction. Also, the study has revealed that there is significant difference in learning effectiveness of student who learned English Language concept with multimedia tools and those who learn without it. It also revealed that there is a significant difference in the attitude of secondary school students to learning English Language concepts when multimedia tools are explored and when not. As a result of the findings in this study, this can strengthen the literatures of Multimedia tools.

The Relationship Between Social Comparison and Body Dissatisfaction on Students at Muhammadiyah University of Sidoarjo

This study aims to determine the relationship between social comparison and body dissatisfaction among female students at Muhammadiyah University of Sidoarjo. This study uses a correlational quantitative approach. The hypothesis in this study is that there is a relationship between social comparison and body dissatisfaction among female students at Muhammadiyah University of Sidoarjo. The sampling technique in this study used Quota Sampling with a sample of 362 female students from a total population of 6,104. The measuring instrument used for data collection uses a social comparison scale adapted from Hastuti (2018) research with a reliability level of 0.821, and a body dissatisfaction scale adapted using research from Kumalasari (2015) with a reliability level of 0.807. The data collection technique used a questionnaire via google form and distributed directly and the data analysis in this study used the Person Product Moment correlation test with the help of the SPSS 21 statistical application for windows, the results were (r) = 0.380; significance of 0.000 (p<0.05). The results of this study indicate that there is a positive relationship between social comparison and body dissatisfaction among female students at Muhammadiyah University of Sidoarjo. So that the hypothesis proposed in this study is accepted, it means that the higher the social comparison among female students, the higher the body dissatisfaction among female students. And conversely, the lower the social comparison among female students, the lower the body dissatisfaction among female students. The effective contribution of the body dissatisfaction variable is 14.4% to social comparison.

Hubungan Hasil Evaluasi Pembelajaran dengan Motivasi Belajar Siswa pada Mata Pelajaran SKI di Madrasah Tsanawiyah Swasta An-Nikmah Pulau Rakyat Kabupaten Asahan

his study aims to determine the relationship between the results of learning evaluation and students' learning motivation in Class VIII SKI Subjects at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Private An-Nikmah Pulau Rakyat, Asahan District, Academic Year 2023/2024. This type of research is descriptive correlational. The population in this study were 160 students of the An-Nikmah Private Madrasah Tsanawiyah Madrasah Tsanawiyah class, Pulau Rakyat, Asahan Regency, as many as 160 people from all 4 classes. The sample taken was 32 students. The technique of collecting data is by giving a questionnaire containing statements of motivation to learn using a Likert scale and documents of student learning outcomes in the SKI subject, the object of class VIII students at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Private An-Nikmah Pulau Rakyat, Asahan Regency. Data analysis technique uses person product moment correlation analysis and simple linear regression test. The results obtained in the person product moment correlation test were 0.592 which showed that the correlation level was at a moderate level, while the results of the simple linear regression test obtained an R square of 0.351 which showed the effect of the results of the evaluation of learning on learning motivation of 35.1%. The research instrument was tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis used the Pearson product moment correlation test and a simple regression test with the help of SPSS for window 20. Thus the results of the study showed that there was a relationship between the results of learning evaluation and learning motivation.
 Key words: Learning Evaluation Results, Learning Motivation

Hubungan Antara Pola Asuh Otoritatif dengan Kesejahteraan Psikologis pada Siswa/I SMA Global Prima Medan

The paper was conducted to determine whether there is a correlation between authoritative parenting and psychological well-being in Global Prima National Plus Medan high school students. The hypothesis in this study is that there is a positive correlation between authoritative parenting and psychological wellbeing. The research subject used in this study were 260 students from SMA Global PrimaNational Plus Medan and used a proportionate stratified random sampling technique. This research uses quantitative methodes; data was collected using an authoritative parenting scale of 30 items and a psychological well-being scale of 42. The assumption test and linearity rest. The data were examined using the Pearson Prodcut Moment correlation test through the SPSS version 21.0 for the Windows program. The results of data analysis found a positive correlation between authorirative parenting and psychological wll-being in Global Prima National Plus Medan high school students with a Person Product Moment correlation coefficient of 0.466 and sig. worth 0.000(p<0.05). The results showed that the authoritative parenting variable contributed to psychological well-being by 21.4%, and the remaining 78.6% was influenced by other factors not examined. The results of this study concluded that the research hypothesis stating a positive correlation between authoritative parenting and psychological well-being could be accepted.

Hubungan Antara Intensitas Penggunaan Facebook dengan Kecenderungan Nomophobia Mahasiswa BK Undana

The use of facebook and nomophobia has a very negative impact on students. This study aims to determine the description of the intensity of Facebook use with the nomophobia tendency of students, and whether there is a relationship between the intensity of facebook use and the nomophobia tendency of BK Undana students. This research uses a quantitative approach with a type of correlation descriptive research. This research was carried out at the Guidance and Counseling Study Program of FKIP Nusa Cendana University Kupang with a total population of 209 people and a sample of 70 people. The sampling technique used is the purposive sampling method or respondents who have the characteristics of the same criteria. The data collection technique uses a likert scale questionnaire. The data analysis techniques used are descriptive analysis and correlation analysis with the help of the SPPS for Windows 26.00 Version program. The results showed that (I) In general, students using Facebook are in an intermediate presentation, namely 43% for the low category in using Facebook (II) Based on the results of data analysis, the nomophobia tendency of students of the FKIP guidance and counseling study program at Nusa Cendana University is in the low category in the nomophobia tendency with a presentation of 44%. Person product moment correlation analysis shows that between the intensity of facebook use and the tendency to nomophobia has a positive directional relationship shown with an r value of 0.452 The results of the correlation significance test, showed that there was a significant relationship between the intensity of facebook use and the nomophobia tendency of students of the Guidance and Counseling Study Program FKIP Nusa Cendana Kupang University as evidenced by the r-count value > r table (0.452 >0.273). Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that there is a relationship between the intensity of Facebook use and the nomophobia tendency of BK Undana students. The higher the intensity of facebook use, the higher the tendency to nomophobia, on the contrary, the lower the intensity of facebook use, the nomophobia tendency of BK Undana students is also lower.

Hubungan Latar Belakang Budaya Orang Tua Terhadap Pengasuhan Anak Usia Dini

The purpose of this research is to find out if there is a relationship between parenting and parents' cultural background. This study used quantitative methods with correlational analysis data processing. In this study, 30 parents who have children aged 5-6 years in Benda Village, Sukabumi District, West Java, became the research subjects. Data collection methods used survey techniques and documentation. The analysis test used was Person Product Moment correlation between variable X and variable Y. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between parents' cultural background and parenting. This is based on the sign value. 0.000 > 0.05 is considered valid and the Pearson Correlation value of 0.757 indicates a strong interdependence between variables. Thus, there is a clear relationship between parents' cultural background and early childhood care.

Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Semangat Kerja Pegawai Pada Kelurahan Atakkae Kecamatan Tempe, Kabupaten Wajo

The work environment can affect employee emotions. If employees like the work environment in which they work, then these employees will feel comfortable at work to carry out activities because work time is used properly and optimistically so that employee performance will also be better. The work environment includes working relationships that are formed between fellow employees, both working relationships between subordinates and superiors as well as the physical or non-physical environment.
 The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is an influence of the work environment on employee morale at the Atakkae Village Office, Tempe District, Wajo Regency and to measure how big the influence is. This type of research is classified as a survey with a descriptive quantitative approach, where the data obtained from 12 respondents who are samples are then processed using statistics and presented in the form of scientific analysis. After collecting data through observation, documentation and questionnaires in the field, it is then analyzed using the person product moment correlation test.
 The results of this study indicate that implementation, work environment have a positive and significant effect on employee morale. The results of the study show that the results of each dimension reach an average of the Good category.

Analysis of Metacognitive Awareness, Learning Methods, and Learning Outcomes in Biology of Student

This study aimed to determine the relationship between metacognition awareness, learning methods and learning outcomes in biology based on the academic abilities of students in class X MIPA at SMA Negeri Bangkinang city for the Academic Year 2022/2023. This research was conducted on January 9 - January 17, 2023. This research was a correlational study and data collection used questionnaires, documentation and interviews. The sample in this study were 218 students with different levels of academic ability. Data analysis in this study used the Person Product Moment correlation analysis technique. The results showed that at high academic levels, metacognition awareness (X1), learning methods (X2) and learning outcomes (Y) had a moderate relationship (0.418). In low academic metacognition awareness (X1), learning methods (X2) and learning outcomes (Y) there is a moderate relationship (0.447). For significant test scores obtained at high academic, metacognition awareness (X1), ways of learning (X2) and learning outcomes (Y) t-test (4.75) > t-table (1.98). At low academic levels, metacognition awareness (X1), learning methods (X2) and learning outcomes (Y) t-test (5.16) > t-table (1.98). The results showed that there was a significant relationship between metagonistic awareness, ways of learning and learning outcomes in biology based on the academic abilities of class X students at SMA Negeri Bangkinang city

THE INFLUENCE OF USING INSTAGRAM ON CYBERBULLYING BEHAVIOR IN ADOLESCENTS AT SMK NEGERI 18 JAKARTA SCHOOL

With the increasing popularity of social media platforms like Instagram, it is crucial to understand the relationship between platform usage and cyberbullying behavior in order to promote a safe online environment for adolescents. This study aims to investigate the impact of using Instagram online media on cyberbullying behavior among teenagers at SMK 18 Jakarta. A quantitative approach is employed, utilizing a correlational method to examine the relationship between at least two factors. The study population consists of all students attending SMKN 18 Jakarta in grades 10, 11, and 12 in 2020, with a total of 210 students. The sample size of 100 students is determined using purposive sampling techniques. Data collection techniques include questionnaire deployment, field observation, interviews, and literature review. Validity and reliability testing are conducted using the Person Product moment correlation technique, and the data are analyzed using SPSS version 23. The study findings reveal that Instagram usage significantly influences cyberbullying behavior. The coefficient of determination analysis reveals that the Instagram variable explains 53.8% of the variance in cyberbullying behavior, while the remaining 46.2% can be attributed to other factors not examined in this study. This research highlights the need to address cyberbullying on Instagram and promote responsible social media usage among teenagers. Strategies should be developed to increase awareness of the impact of cyberbullying and foster empathy among users. Educational initiatives and support systems can help mitigate the negative effects of cyberbullying and create a safer online environment for adolescents.