Person-centred Climate Questionnaire Research Articles

Item distribution, internal consistency and structural validity of the German language person-centred climate questionnaire - staff version (PCQ-G-S): a cross-sectional study

BackgroundPerson-centredness is considered as best practice for people living with dementia. A frequently used instrument to assess person-centredness of a care environment is the Person-centred Climate Questionnaire (PCQ). The questionnaire comprises of 14 items with the three subscales a climate of safety, a climate of everydayness and a climate of community.AimThe aim of the study is to describe the translation process of the English language Person-centred Climate Questionnaire (Staff version, Patient version, Family version) into German language (PCQ-G) and to evaluate the first psychometric properties of the German language Person-centred Climate Questionnaire– Staff version (PCQ-G-S).MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study. The three versions of the 14-item English PCQ were translated into German language (PCQ-G) based on the recommendations for cross-cultural adaption of measures. Item distribution, internal consistency and structural validity of the questionnaire were assessed among nursing home staff (PCQ-G-S). Item distribution was calculated using descriptive statistics. Structural validity was tested using principal component analysis (PCA), and internal consistency was assessed for the resulting subscales using Cronbach’s alpha. Data collection took place from May to September 2021.ResultsA total sample of 120 nurses was included in the data analysis. Nine out of 14 items of the PCQ-G-S demonstrated acceptable item difficulty, while five times showed a ceiling effect. The PCA analysis demonstrated a strong structural validity for a three-factor solution explaining 68.6% of the total variance. The three subscales demonstrated a good internal consistency with Cronbach’s alpha scores of 0.8 for each of the subscales.ConclusionThe analysis of the 14-item German version (PCQ-G-S) showed first evidence for a strong internal consistency and structural validity for evaluating staff perceptions of the person-centredness in German nursing homes. Based on this, further investigations for scale validity of the PCQ-G versions should be carried out.

The four domains of the person-centred practice framework from the perspective of critical care nurses in intensive care units during a pandemic

ObjectivesThe aim was to describe the Person-Centred Practice Framework's four domains (prerequisites, care environment, person-centred processes, and person-centred outcomes) through the perspectives of critical care nurses working in intensive care units during the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, the aim was to investigate the relationships between prerequisites, care environment, person-centred processes, and person-centred outcomes. Design/methodsA cross-sectional study involving questionnaires. Prerequisites were measured using person-related conditions, the care environment by using the Person-Centred Climate Questionnaire–Staff version, the person-centred processes by using the Person-Centred Care Assessment Tool and person-centred outcomes were measured with one question about present health and well-being and by using Self-rated Exhaustion Disorder. Descriptive and analytic statistics were used. Data was collected from July 2021 to November 2021. SettingCritical care nurses (n = 217) working in 15 Swedish adult intensive care units. ResultsParticipants’ average length of experience in intensive care units was 14 years, and most participants experienced increased nursing care responsibilities. They perceived the climate as safe but had limitations in terms of its everydayness and community. Participants perceived the organisations both supported and hindered personalized care. Most participants experienced a variety of exhaustion symptoms, and their health had positive relationship with community. ConclusionBy showing how prerequisites, care environment, person-centred process influences critical care nurses’ health and well-being, organisations might identify aspects in the work environment that require targeted interventions to reach healthy workplaces. Implications for clinical practiceTo preserve the health and well-being of critical care nurses and to flourish as humans in their professional roles, they need to interact with and form relationships with their colleagues, patients, and relatives. Organisations should have a person-centred approach for every individual in the workforce to harness each critical care nurses’ knowledge and skills for individuals to growth in their roles.

Sustainable implementation of person-centred care in residential care facilities: hindering and supporting factors when improving incontinence care

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to focus on the impact of the implementation of a person-centred approach on staff perception of the likelihood of being able to provide person-centred care and strain in the workplace. Design: The study was a controlled prospective cohort study performed at three residential care facilities in western Sweden involving all nursing staff members active from 2013 through 2015 at baseline and at three follow-ups during and after the implementation period. Two of the residential care facilities were assigned to the intervention group and one was assigned to the control group. Method: The study was designed to test the sustainability of a person-centred approach based on three aspects: partnership, narrative and documentation. A cross-section of 20 coworkers were purposively sampled from a total of 100 persons working at the two Intervention nursing homes to participate in the intervention group. The process outcome was measured as: perceived ward atmosphere, using the staff version of the validated Person-Centred Climate Questionnaire; person-centred care, measured using the validated Person-centred Care Assessment Tool; and experience of strain in work, using the Strain in Nursing Care Assessment Scale. Descriptive statistics were calculated for all variables using the SPSS Statistics software package. Findings: The results show that, at the control site, there were lower staff perceptions of the care atmosphere, higher level of strain experienced in their work and a lower likelihood of providing a person-centred care approach, whereas these factors remained rather stable over time at the intervention residential care facilities. Two contrasting results were observed—namely, that the higher the staff's perception of the likelihood of being able to provide individualised care and of a more person-centred ward atmosphere, the higher their stress levels experienced at work. In addition, older ages and long durations of work experience significantly negatively affected the staff's assessment of their ability to create an atmosphere of everydayness and to adopt a person-centred approach in care. Conclusions: The findings show that sustainability of a person-centred ward atmosphere is possible in the care of older people, despite staffing problems and other organisational challenges, according to the staff's assessment, after implementation of a person-centred programme. The more experienced staff members assessed their likelihood of being able to provide a person-centred care as lower after the implementation phase, indicating that despite the ambition of supporting person-centredness and quality of care, staffing and management difficulties that are present at the outset of the programme's implementation can later lead to stress and frustration relating to roles and routines.

Visitor's Experiences of an Evidence-Based Designed Healthcare Environment in an Intensive Care Unit.

Objectives:The objective of the research was to study the visitors’ experiences of different healthcare environment designs of intensive care unit (ICU) patient rooms.Background:The healthcare environment may seem frightening and overwhelming in times when life-threatening conditions affect a family member or close friend and individuals visit the patient in an ICU. A two-bed patient room was refurbished to enhance the well-being of patients and their families according to the principles of evidence-based design (EBD). No prior research has used the Person-centred Climate Questionnaire—Family version (PCQ-F) or the semantic environment description (SMB) in the ICU setting.Methods:A sample of 99 visitors to critically ill patients admitted to a multidisciplinary ICU completed a questionnaire; 69 visited one of the two control rooms, while 30 visited the intervention room.Results:For the dimension of everydayness in the PCQ-F, a significantly better experience was expressed for the intervention room (p < .030); the dimension regarding the ward climate general was also perceived as higher in the intervention room (p < .004). The factors of pleasantness (p < .019), and complexity (p < 0.049), showed significant differences favoring the intervention room in the SMB, with borderline significance on the modern factor (p < .061).Conclusion:Designing and implementing an enriched healthcare environment in the ICU setting increases person-centered care in relation to the patients’ visitors. This could lead to better outcomes for the visitors, for example, decreasing post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms, but this needs further investigations.

Significant others' perceptions of being taken seriously by the Swedish Ambulance Service when the patient is assessed as nonurgent.

At least 50% of all ambulance assignments are deemed nonurgent, while 47-96% are initiated by someone other than the patient. Previous research has highlighted the importance of being taken seriously. However, additional knowledge of how significant others experience the situation when a patient is assessed as nonurgent is needed. The aim of this study was to explore the person-centred climate in the Ambulance Service from the perspective of significant others by means of the Person-centred Climate Questionnaire - Family version (PCQ-F), to psychometrically investigate the construct validity of additional items intended to measure perceptions of being taken seriously and to explore possible relationships between the person-centred climate and these additional items. A retrospective, explorative, cross-sectional survey design was employed. In total, 241 questionnaires were distributed. Descriptive and comparative statistics and a factor analysis of eight items possibly constructing person-centredness are presented. The 100 respondents experienced the climate as very person-centred. Relationships were found between the items that might constitute person-centredness and the PCQ-F. The PCQ-F can explain perceived person-centredness through the additional items that may constitute person-centredness in the Ambulance Service context. Significant others consider eight aspects of being taken seriously as the core of person-centredness in nonurgent Ambulance Service assignments. There is a relationship between the psychosocial climate and the additional items that might constitute person-centredness.

A Rasch analysis of the Person-Centred Climate Questionnaire \u2013 staff version

BackgroundPerson-centred care is the bedrock of modern dementia services, yet the evidence-base to support its implementation is not firmly established. Research is hindered by a need for more robust measurement instruments. The 14-item Person-Centred Climate Questionnaire - Staff version (PCQ-S) is one of the most established scales and has promising measurement properties. However, its construction under classical test theory methods leaves question marks over its rigour and the need for evaluation under more modern testing procedures.MethodsThe PCQ-S was self-completed by nurses and other care staff working across nursing homes in 35 Swedish municipalities in 2013/14. A Rasch analysis was undertaken in RUMM2030 using a partial credit model suited to the Likert-type items. Three subscales of the PCQ-S were evaluated against common thresholds for overall fit to the Rasch model; ordering of category thresholds; unidimensionality; local dependency; targeting; and Differential Item Functioning. Three subscales were evaluated separately as unidimensional models and then combined as subtests into a single measure. Due to large number of respondents (n = 4381), two random sub-samples were drawn, with a satisfactory model established in the first (‘evaluation’) and confirmed in the second (‘validation’). Final item locations and a table converting raw scores to Rasch-transformed values were created using the full sample.ResultsAll three subscales had disordered thresholds for some items, which were resolved by collapsing categories. The three subscales fit the assumptions of the Rasch model after the removal of two items, except for subscale 3, where there was evidence of local dependence between two items. By forming subtests, the 3 subscales were combined into a single Rasch model which had satisfactory fit statistics. The Rasch form of the instrument (PCQ-S-R) had an adequate but modest Person Separation Index (< 0.80) and some evidence of mistargeting due to a low number of ‘difficult-to-endorse’ items.ConclusionsThe PCQ-S-R has 12 items and can be used as a unidimensional scale with interval level properties, using the nomogram presented within this paper. The scale is reliable but has some inefficiencies due to too few high-end thresholds inhibiting discrimination amongst populations who already perceive that person-centred care is very good in their environment.

Evaluation of person-centeredness in nursing homes after a palliative care intervention: pre- and post-test experimental design

BackgroundThe needs of care based on palliative principles are stressed for all people with progressive and/or life-limiting conditions, regardless of age and the place in which care is provided. Person-centred palliative care strives to make the whole person visible and prioritizes the satisfaction of spiritual, existential, social, and psychological needs to the same extent as physical needs. However, person-centred palliative care for older persons in nursing homes seems to be sparse, possibly because staff in nursing homes do not have sufficient knowledge, skills, and training in managing symptoms and other aspects of palliative care.MethodsThis study aimed to evaluate whether an educational intervention had any effect on the staff’s perception of providing person-centred palliative care for older persons in nursing homes. Methods: A knowledge-based palliative care intervention consisting of five 2-h seminars during a 6-month period was implemented at 20 nursing homes in Sweden. In total, 365 staff members were participated, 167 in the intervention group and 198 in the control group. Data were collected using two questionnaires, the Person-centred Care Assessment Tool (P-CAT) and the Person-Centred Climate Questionnaire (PCQ-S), answered before (baseline) and 3 months after (follow-up) the educational intervention was completed. Descriptive, comparative, and univariate logistical regression analyses were performed.ResultsBoth the intervention group and the control group revealed high median scores in all subscales at baseline, except for the subscale amount of organizational and environmental support in the P-CAT. The staff’s high rating level of person-centred care before the intervention provides limited space for further improvements at follow-up.ConclusionThis study shows that staff perceived that managers’ and the organization’s amount of support to them in their everyday work was the only area for improvement in order to maintain person-centred care. The experiences among staff are crucial knowledge in understanding how palliative care can be made person-centred in spite of often limited resources in nursing homes. The dose and intensity of education activities of the intervention model need to be tested in future research to develop the most effective implementation model.Trial registrationNCT02708498. Date of registration 26 February 2016.

Psychometric evaluation of the Chinese version of the Person-centred Climate Questionnaire - Staff version (PCQ-S)

ObjectivesThe aim of the study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of a Chinese translation of the English version of the Person-centred Climate Questionnaire – Staff version (PCQ-S) for Chinese...

Psychometric testing of the Slovenian Person-centred Climate Questionnaire - staff version.

To test the psychometric properties of the Slovenian version of the Person-centred Climate Questionnaire - staff version. Person-centredness can be a quality care indicator, but there are no valid and reliable instruments in the Slovene language aimed at exploring the person-centred care climate from a nursing staff perspective. Content validity based on expert agreement was evaluated by calculating content validity indices. A cross-sectional survey design using a convenience sample of 790 nurses and nursing assistants from medical and surgical wards in 11 hospitals was used to test the construct validity and internal consistency reliability. The average content validity index for the scale was 0.97, all items had content validity indices higher than 0.78, showing satisfactory content validity. Three components, climate of safety, community and everydayness explained 71.22% of the variance in the data and thus confirmed scale dimensionality. Cronbach's α was acceptable for whole scale (0.90) and for subscales (0.89, 0.89 and 0.86). The Slovene version of the Person-centred Climate Questionnaire - staff version is valid and reliable and can be further used in surgical and medical wards in hospital settings. The instrument enables further exploration of the relationships between perceived person-centredness and organisational outcomes.

Patient experiences of caring and person-centredness are associated with perceived nursing care quality.

To explore the extent to which patient ratings of perceived caring and person-centredness are associated with perceived nursing care quality in an acute hospital sample of inpatients. Self-reported patient experiences have had limited attention in conceptualizations of healthcare quality as described in policy and national standards, as well as in health and nursing care practice. The impact of central nursing concepts such as caring and person-centredness on patient ratings of nursing care quality is largely unknown. A descriptive non-experimental correlational design was used to collect and analyse data from a sample of Australian acute hospital inpatients (n=210) in December 2012. The study collected self-report patient data through a study survey including demographic data and the Caring Behaviours Inventory, the Person-centred Climate Questionnaire, the SF-36 and the Distress thermometer. Descriptive statistics together with Pearson correlation and hierarchical linear regression were used. Perceived caring behaviours of staff and the person-centredness of wards were significantly associated with nursing care quality as evidenced by Pearson correlations being significant and exceeding the pre-set cut-off of r>0·5. Staff caring behaviours and ward person-centredness also accounted for more than half of the total variance in perceived nursing care quality as evidenced by the final regression model. Knowledgeable and communicable staff, timeliness of assistance and environmental support stood out as most significantly related to patient perceived nursing care quality. Patient experiences of caring and person-centredness seem to have an influential role in the extent to which patients experience the quality of nursing care. Knowledgeable and communicable staff, timeliness of assistance and environmental support stand out as most significantly related to patient-perceived nursing care quality.

The dignified approach to care: a pilot study using the patient dignity question as an intervention to enhance dignity and person-centred care for people with palliative care needs in the acute hospital setting.

BackgroundProviding person-centred, dignity-conserving care for hospitalised patients is central to many healthcare policies and essential to the provision of effective palliative care. The Patient Dignity Question (PDQ) “What do I need to know about you as a person to take the best care of you that I can?” was designed from empirical research on patients’ perceptions of their dignity at end of life to help healthcare professionals (HCPs) understand the patient as a person.MethodsThis mixed method pilot study was designed to inform a larger multisite study in the future. It tests the hypothesis that the PDQ intervention could be used to enhance a more person-centred climate for people with palliative care needs in the acute hospital setting, and provide evidence regarding its acceptability. Outcome measures pre and post intervention Person-centred Climate Questionnaire – patient version (PCQ-P), and the Consultation and Relational Empathy (CARE) measure; PDQ feedback questionnaires were used for all participants post intervention, in addition to qualitative interviews.Results30 patients, 17 HCPs, and 4 family members participated. Results showed a positive correlation between higher PCQ-P scores and higher CARE scores, indicating that the PDQ can make improvements to a person-centred environment and levels of empathy perceived by patients. Individual results from the PCQ-P and the CARE indicated overall improvements in the majority of fields. The PDQ supported disclosure of information previously unknown to HCPs, has implications for improving person-centred care. Positive results from PDQ feedback questionnaires were received from all participants.Qualitative findings indicated patients’ appreciation of staff (Attributes and attitudes), that patients wanted staff to have awareness of them (Know me as a person), take the time to talk, and work flexibly, to allow for patient individuality (Time and place).ConclusionThe PDQ has potential to improve patients’ perceptions of care, and HCP attitudes. Furthermore, it was well received by participants. The PDQ could be incorporated into clinical practice for the care of palliative care patients in the acute setting to the benefit of personalized and dignified care.Further research using the PDQ across wider geographical areas, and more diverse settings, would be beneficial.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12904-015-0013-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

The person behind the patient: a feasibility study using the Patient Dignity Question for patients with palliative care needs in hospital.

The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility and acceptability of the Patient Dignity Question (PDQ) 'what do I need to know about you as a person to take the best care of you that I can?', as a person-centred intervention for patients with palliative needs in the acute hospital setting in Scotland, UK. To test the feasibility of the research design, a purposive sample of nine patients and five health-care professionals (HCPs) were recruited from acute wards in the east of Scotland. Responses to the PDQ were assessed using a PDQ feedback questionnaire to gauge participant reaction to its use. A person-centred climate questionnaire (PCQ-P) was used to assess responses to the environment in relation to the person-centred approach. The results from responses to the PDQ feedback questionnaire indicate that it is feasible to carry out this type of study for people with palliative care needs in the acute care setting, and that participants found the PDQ acceptable. The PCQ-P was effective in determining the person-centred nature of the hospital climate. However, it was not possible to determine if the PDQ had a direct influence on this, without pre- and post-intervention data. The PDQ was feasible and acceptable for this group of participants as a means by which HCPs may enhance person-centred care for people with palliative needs in an acute hospital. Testing the implementation of the PDQ in a before-and-after study would be beneficial.

Person‐centred ward climate as experienced by mentally lucid residents in long‐term care facilities

To assess the content validity and reliability of the Person-centred Climate Questionnaire-Patient version in long-term care facilities, to describe residents' perceptions of the extent to which their ward climate was person-centred and to explore whether person-centredness was associated with facility and resident characteristics, such as facility and ward size, having a sensory garden and having a primary caregiver. The importance of the physical environment to persons with dementia has been investigated. However, research is lacking regarding the extent to which mentally lucid residents experience their physical and psycho-social ward climate as person-centred and the factors influencing their experience. Cross-sectional survey design. The Person-centred Climate Questionnaire-Patient version was translated into Norwegian with forward and backward translation. The content validity index for scales was assessed. The Person-centred Climate Questionnaire -Patient version was completed by 145 mentally lucid residents in 17 Norwegian long-term care facilities. Reliability was assessed by Cronbach's α and item-total correlations. Test-retest reliability was assessed by paired samples t-test and Spearman's correlation. To explore differences based on facility and resident characteristics, independent-samples t-test and one-way anova were used. The content validity index for scales was satisfactory. The Person-centred Climate Questionnaire-Patient version was internally consistent and had satisfactory test-retest reliability. The climate was experienced as highly person-centred. No significant differences were found, except that residents in larger facilities experienced the climate as more person-centred in relation to everyday activities (subscale 2) than residents in smaller facilities. The Norwegian version of the Person-centred Climate Questionnaire-Patient version can be regarded as reliable in a long-term care facility context. Perceived degree of person-centredness was not associated with facility or resident characteristics, such as the number of residents, having a sensory garden or knowing that one has a primary caregiver. A person-centred climate can be attained in different kinds of long-term care facilities.

Person-centred climate questionnaire (PCQ-S): establishing reliability and cut-off scores in residential aged care

This study aimed to establish reliability and cut-off scores for the person-centred climate questionnaire - staff version (PCQ-S) in residential aged care. A number of tools have emerged recently to measure person-centredness, and these need psychometric evaluation and cut-off scores to enhance utilisation and interpretation. A cross-sectional survey design was employed in a Swedish sample of residential aged care staff (n = 1237). Psychometric evaluation using Cronbach's alpha and item-total correlation was used, together with establishing cut-off scores based on quartile scores. The PCQ-S had satisfactory psychometric properties and the following total scale cut-off scores for unit person-centredness were suggested: ≤ 49 ('well below average'), 50-56 ('below average'), 57-62 ('above average') and ≥ 63 ('well above average'). These cut-off scores were clinically meaningful as they separated the sample into four groups in which staff in more person-centred units reported significantly higher work satisfaction, social support and less stress of conscience. The PCQ-S has reliability in residential aged care samples, and cut-off scores are provided that provide important fundaments for comparative studies and aggregation of data to explore person-centredness care further. The study enables managers with ways to measure, interpret and compare levels of person-centredness between units and facilities for research, practice development and/or benchmarking purposes.

The influence of a person-centred psychosocial unit climate on satisfaction with care and work

To describe nurses' satisfaction with care and work and to explore the extent to which a person-centred unit climate influenced this satisfaction. Although the concept of person-centred care is used to describe high-quality care, there is a shortage of studies exploring the relationship between person-centredness and nurses' satisfaction with care and work in acute care settings. Registered nurses within a university hospital in Sweden (n = 206) completed the Satisfaction with Nursing Care and Work Assessment Scale and the Person-centred Climate Questionnaire. The data collected was analysed using descriptive and analytical statistics. Cross-sectional explorative study. The majority of respondents were satisfied with the care and work situation. Nurses with more than 9 years of work experience were more satisfied with care and work, and there were a significant association between a person-centred psychosocial climate of units and nurses' satisfaction with care and work. This study provided evidence for a significant association between person-centredness and the satisfaction with care and work of nurses in acute care environments. Promoting and implementing a person-centred philosophy of care can be one way to improve nurses' satisfaction with care and work.

Psychometric evaluation of the English language Person-centred Climate Questionnaire - staff version

The present study aimed to evaluate psychometric properties of the English language Person-centred Climate Questionnaire--staff version (PCQ-S). Person-centred care emphasizes the individual's perspective in the care process. However, the concept is subject to some debate and few measurement tools exist. During 2 months in 2007, the Swedish PCQ-S was translated to English and distributed to a sample of Australian hospital staff (n = 52). Psychometric evaluation using statistical estimates of validity and reliability were performed. The 14-item questionnaire showed high reliability as Cronbach's alpha was satisfactory for the total scale (0.89), and for the four subscales: 0.87, 0.79, 0.82 and 0.69. Test-retest reliability were evaluated in a subsample of 40 staff and resulted in P-values >0.05 between mean scores of the PCQ-S at test and retest, r-values between 0.6 and 0.9, and a two-way mixed effects model, single measures intra-class correlations of 0.75 with a confidence interval of 0.58-0.86. Validity of the scale needs further evaluation. The English PCQ-S makes possible studies of associations between person-centredness and different organizational systems, environments, staff characteristics and health and managerial styles. However, scale validity needs further evaluation.

Construction and psychometric evaluation of the Swedish language Person-centred Climate Questionnaire - staff version

The aim of the study was to construct and evaluate psychometric properties of the Swedish language Person-centred Climate Questionnaire - staff version. Person-centred care is often quoted but ill defined, and the literature warrants the development of valid and reliable measurement tools. During 2006, a questionnaire was constructed and distributed to a sample of Swedish hospital staff (n = 600). Questionnaire data was subjected to item analysis and reduction. Psychometrical properties of the questionnaire were evaluated. The 14-item Person-centred Climate Questionnaire showed satisfactory psychometric properties. Measures of validity were good, internal consistency was high, Cronbach's alpha was satisfactory for the total scale (0.88) and test-retest reliability was adequate. The results indicate that the staff Person-centred Climate Questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool for assessing staff perceptions of the person centredness of hospital environments. This instrument makes it possible to study the degree of person-centredness in relation to different organizational systems, environments, staff groups and managerial styles. In addition, staff variables such as turnover rates, health outcomes and efficacy can be related to staff perceived person centredness of the organization.

Swedish language Person‐centred Climate Questionnaire – patient version: construction and psychometric evaluation

This paper is a report of a study to construct and evaluate psychometric properties of the Swedish language patient version Person-centred Climate Questionnaire. Person-centred care is widely described as a preferred model of care as it uses the individual person's perspective as point of departure. However, the concept is elusive and lacks definition and a means of measurement. A preliminary item pool generated from qualitative studies was distributed to a sample of hospital patients (n = 544) and subjected to item analysis and reduction using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The psychometrical properties of the final questionnaire were evaluated using statistical estimates of validity and reliability. The final 17-item questionnaire consists of three factors explaining 65.1% of the total variance in data, and shows satisfactory goodness-of-fit in confirmative factor analyses. The factors were labelled safety, everydayness and hospitality. Content and construct validity was estimated as satisfactory by Delphi assessment, factor and item analysis. Cronbach's alpha was satisfactory for the total scale (0.93), and also for the three subscales: safety 0.94, everydayness 0.82 and generosity 0.64. The Person-centred Climate Questionnaire is a valid and reliable contribution for assessing to what extent the climate of hospital environments is person-centred. The instrument enables descriptions and comparisons of environments, exploration of correlates between person-centredness and patient outcomes and/or measure results of various interventions.