State Of Pernambuco Research Articles

Aptian microfossils from the southwest portion of the Araripe Basin, Pernambuco State, Northeastern Brazil

Known worldwide for the excellent preservation of its fossils, the Araripe Basin, located between the states of Ceará, Piauí, and Pernambuco, has been the target of hundreds of studies on micropaleontology over the last few decades. However, papers focusing on this basin within the Pernambuco State are scarce. In the present work, microfossils (especially ostracods) recovered from samples of the well AR-TR-3-PE drilled in the city of Trindade were studied. The recovered ostracod assemblage is typically Aptian, as follows: Neuquenocypris cf. N. berthoui Colin & Dépêche, Pattersoncypris micropapillosa Bate, Pattersoncypris sp., Damonella grandiensis Tomé et al., and Theriosynoecum silvai (Silva). These ostracods were associated with other fossil groups, such as benthic foraminifera (Bathysiphon? sp., Rhizammina sp., and Psammosphaera? sp.), seeds, gastropods, bivalves, and fish teeth. Overall, this mixohaline association suggests a transitional paleoenvironment to the Aptian interval in the southwest portion of the Araripe Basin. Keywords: Early Cretaceous, ostracods, foraminifera, paleoecology.

Mulching in irrigated forage cactus promotes early harvest and improves the economic indices of the crop

AbstractTo mitigate the negative effects of climate, the use of resilient agriculture is essential. This study evaluated the impact of different levels of biotic mulch on irrigated forage cactus yield, phenology and economic indices. The ‘Orelha de Elefante Mexicana’ clone was used and subjected to four levels of biotic mulch—BM (0, 5, 10 and 15 Mg ha−1) in a randomised block design with four repetitions. The treatments consisted of growing forage cactus with 0, 5, 10 and 15 Mg ha−1 mulch. The experiment was carried out in a semi‐arid environment in Brazil (Serra Talhada, Pernambuco State) over two successive cycles (August 2020 to August 2022). The yield, cutting time, and morphophysiological, economic and water use indicators were evaluated. There was no effect of the BM level on the final forage yield. In the first experimental cycle, the treatment with 10 Mg ha−1 BM brought the cutting time forward by 103°C day. The application of 15 Mg ha−1 BM prolonged phenophase 2, causing an increase of 236°C day in the cycle compared with the treatment with 10 Mg ha−1 BM. We concluded that mulch improved crop water and economic indicators, contributing to sustainable forage production in semiarid environments.

Sustainable Agro-Food Systems and Their Importance for Farmers in the Moxotó History, State of Pernambuco, Brazil

Objective: To analyze the sustainable agri-food systems and their relevance for farmers in Sertão do Moxotó, state of Pernambuco, Brazil, implemented by the Alternative Technology Service - SERTA through the Sustainable Semiarid project, in order to identify the changes that have occurred in farmers, and what they turned to believe and practice from this experience. Theoretical Framework: Based on topics, family farming, agroecology, agri-food system, food and nutritional security, water, nutrients and energetics, and Technical Assistance and Rural Extension - ATER. Method: The adopted methodology was action research, with individual visits to 20 farmers from nine communities, in a universe of 40 farmers from 19 communities. Data collection was carried out through interviews, questionnaires, and SERTA bibliographic documents. Results and Discussion: The results showed significant changes in the lives of farmers, with 10 farmers participating in agro-ecological-based fairs, increased production without pesticides, family involvement, concern for water, soil, and air, and trust in SERTA. Among the elements presented, it was noted that the project's discontinuity generated insecurity since the SERTA team was considered a family. Implications of the Research: Therefore, the results are innovative and relevant to strengthening and disseminating agroecology and inspiring others to change their practices in a conscious and economically viable way. Originality/Value: This study reveals the importance of social projects aimed at farmers, with technical and pedagogical training focused on food and nutritional security, nutrients, water, and energy, which will provide positive impacts on changes in conceptions and practices from the perspective of a good living.

Extreme Rainfall Analysis in Pernambuco, Northeast Brazil, Using a High‐Resolution Gridded Dataset

ABSTRACTThis paper presents a detailed spatio‐temporal analysis of the rainfall in the state of Pernambuco, Northeast Brazil. It is based on climate indices for extreme precipitation recommended by the Expert Team on Climate Change Detection, Monitoring and Indices. To accomplish this, daily rainfall 1data (1961–2019) were extracted from 809 high‐resolution grid points (0.1° × 0.1°) using the Brazilian Daily Weather Gridded Data (BR‐DWGD). The significance and magnitude of index trends were assessed using the modified Mann–Kendall and Sen's slope tests. This study also examined whether there existed a significant difference in climate indices among the three regions (Sertão, Agreste and Zona da Mata) within the state. The findings revealed notable significant negative trends in the PRCPTOT, R10mm, R20mm, Rx1day, Rx5day and CWD indices across all regions of Pernambuco, exhibiting a gradient from the coast to the state's interior. Reduction values of up to 15 mm year−1 for PRCPTOT, 0.7 day year−1 for R10mm, 0.2 day year−1 for R20mm, 0.01 mm year−1 for Rx1day, 0.03 mm year−1 for Rx5day, 0.4 day year−1 for CWD were observed. Furthermore, an alarming pattern was also noted for CDD, displaying a higher concentration of significant positive trends in all regions of the state, with estimated increases of up to 1.4 day year−1. Conversely, a balance of trends—both positive and negative—was observed across the entire state for R95p and R99p, with a majority of trends proving non‐significant. SDII exhibited a higher frequency of grid points showing a significant positive trend, particularly notable in the Sertão and Zona da Mata regions, where significant differences in the index values were absent. However, the remaining indices showcased notable regional differences, with values decreasing from the east to the west of the state, except for CDD. This study will assist decision makers, providing detailed long‐term information essential for preventing natural disasters and supporting socioeconomic and environmental policies in the state.

Forecast Of Rainfed Agricultural Production In The State Of Pernambuco, Brazil

This research assesses rainfed agricultural production in the state of Pernambuco, which has 137 of its 185 municipalities officially characterized as being part of the semi-arid climate regime. The study classified rainfall periods in Pernambuco between 1944 and 2022 and investigated rainfall instability and its impact on aggregate productivity, aggregate harvested area and production value per hectare of bean, cassava and maize crops. The Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average model with Exogenous Variable Inputs (ARIMAX) was used, considering rainfall as an exogenous variable. The results showed that rainfall has a direct effect on the variables investigated, especially the harvested area. It was proven that in periods classified as normal and rainy, productivity, harvested area and production value per hectare showed higher results than those observed in the dry periods of, as was the assumption of the research. The study also confirmed that the models developed were parsimonious and capable of predicting the variables investigated. The results showed that productivities, harvested areas and production values per hectare for beans, cassava and corn experienced greater instability during periods of drought. The research also shows that the aggregated production values per hectare for the three crops are very low. In dry years, they are even lower than the minimum wage. This result confirms that the rural areas of Pernambuco where these crops are mostly grown are very poor

Influence of metalloproteinase-3 (-1171 5A>6A) polymorphism on periportal fibrosis in patients with schistosomiasis mansoni, Pernambuco, Brazil

In schistosomiasis mansoni (SM), periportal fibrosis (PPF) arises due to an inflammatory response exacerbated by parasite eggs in the intrahepatic portal space, culminating in the deposition of collagen and extracellular matrix proteins. This fibrosis results from a remodeling process of the extracellular matrix, in which metalloproteinases play a significant role. The study evaluated the association between MMP-3 polymorphism (-1171 5A>6A) (rs 3025058) and sociodemographic factors with PPF in individuals with SM. This is an analytical cross-sectional study involving 242 individuals infected with S. mansoni, of these 122 were diagnosed with hepatosplenic form (HS) and 119 hepatointestinal form (HI), all from the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. Polymerase chain reaction with restriction enzyme digestion (Psyl) was used to determine the MMP-3 polymorphism (-1171 5A>6A). There was a significant association between the male gender and the HS form (OR = 1.7623 95% CI [1.0481-2.9631]; p-value = 0.0439) as well as individuals aged over 41, also had a greater chance of developing this clinical form of the disease (OR = 2.8299; 95% CI [1.5211-5.2650]; p-value = 0.0014), with greater emphasis on individuals over 61 years old (OR= 8.5541; 95% CI [3.6895-19.8326], p-value= 0.0000). There was no statistically significant association between the MMP-3 polymorphism (-1171 5A>6A) between the clinical groups (5A6A CI [0.7144-1.9879] p-value 0.5882 5A5A CI [0.0912-2.9231] p-value 0.7331 5A6A / 5A5A CI [0.6904-1.8937] p-value 0.6949). In conclusion, the results showed no association between the MMP-3 polymorphism (-1171 5A>6A) and the development of PPF. In addition, males, and age over 41 were predictive factors for the HE form of the disease in this Brazilian population.

Acute Hepatitis Related to Hepatitis E Virus Genotype 3f Infection in Brazil.

The hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an important causative agent of acute hepatitis (AH). Despite reports of human infection in Brazil, the investigation is not routinely conducted, even in cases of elevated liver enzymes. This study evaluated two groups: group 1-patients with acute hepatitis A (n = 44); group 2-patients with nonA-C AH (n = 47). They were tested by enzyme immunoassay for anti-HEV IgM/IgG and real-time PCR for HEV RNA detection. The positive sample for HEV RNA was submitted for sequencing. The seroprevalence of anti-HEV IgM and IgG in group 1 was 4% (2/44) and 14.5% (7/44), respectively. Viral RNA was not detected in any sample. In group 2, the anti-HEV IgM positivity was 4.3% (2/47), and IgG 14.9% (7/47). RNA was detectable in one case, which presented a viral load of 222.4 IU/μL and positive anti-HEV IgM/IgG. In the phylogenetic analysis, the genotype identified was HEV-3f. These results indicate that HEV infection should be considered a possible diagnosis in cases of non-A-C AH. The patient identified with acute hepatitis E had recently traveled to the Northeast region of Brazil (Garanhuns city in Pernambuco state), where there are reports of high HEV seroprevalence among pigs. The close phylogenetic relationship observed between the sequence characterized in this study and strains isolated from pigs in nearby cities where the patient went suggested a possible zoonotic transmission in this region. This study highlights the importance of expanding studies and improving surveillance to understand better and manage HEV infections nationwide.

THE TEACHING METHODOLOGIES ON MASTER’S COURSES UNDERTAKEN BY TJPE EMPLOYEES

The education scenario has undergone major transformations in recent decades. This article addresses the master's courses taken by public servants of the Court of Justice of the State of Pernambuco (TJPE) and their status as a requirement for functional progression. It aims to draw attention to an investigation into the teaching-learning methodologies proposed by higher education institutions in the context of these master's degrees. The study gives a brief historical description of stricto sensu postgraduate studies in Brazil; the master's degree in the TJPE environment; and describes the teaching-learning methodologies proposed in this context. Among the results is to have identified a greater frequency of the use of traditional methodologies, although there are institutions that seek to include the use of active methodologies in the course programs, with planning in this sense, with objectives to achieve professional master's degrees that are increasingly significant and closer to the environment of organizations and their needs.

Physiographic determinants of suicide mortality in Pernambuco: an ecological study

Suicide is a serious and universal public health problem, reflecting a polysemic event with individual and collective repercussions. This study analysed aspects of suicide deaths in the state of Pernambuco, associating suicide indicators with physiographic factors. This is an ecological study, based on records of suicide deaths in Pernambuco from 1981 to 2020 from the Mortality Information System, using multiple linear regression to associate mortality indicators with extrinsic factors. The models constructed showed the influence of the proportion of trees, Gross Domestic Product and urbanisation. In this context, the most effective strategy for reducing the scale of suicide requires intersectoral interventions that impact on the population's quality of life and produce a healthier environment, taking on a character that goes beyond individual factors.

Estimation of carbon stocks in the areas of a seasonally dry tropical forest in the Brazilian semi-arid region

In addition to its ecological importance, the Caatinga biome, one of the most extensive seasonally dry tropical forests (SDTF) in the world, has a relevant socioeconomic role as it is used as a primary natural resource by local communities. However, inadequate ecosystem management practices have resulted in gradual loss of natural vegetation in this ecosystem. Carbon stock estimation is a parameter that can contribute as a support tool for managing and maintaining the few remaining natural vegetated areas. In this study, we calibrated and validated the CENTURY model to simulate carbon stocks in areas of the Caatinga, in the state of Pernambuco, and compared the predictive capacity of the CENTURY model with available estimates. In the validation dataset, the average for biomass stocks was 33.1 Mg C ha−1, this value is close to those observed in the literature for the region. The model also performed well when estimating carbon stocks in the soil (r2 = 0.79, p = 0.017). Ecosystem modeling combined with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is a promising tool for estimating carbon stocks in the Caatinga, where field sampling campaigns are generally expensive and have scarce research funding opportunities. Furthermore, it also allows the evaluation of the effect of environmental changes on C stocks in long-term studies, which is essential for creating and implementing public policies to mitigate and adapt to the impacts of climate change on the ecosystem. However, additional efforts are needed to improve C estimates, especially in areas with a strongly negative water balance.

Economic impact of staphylococcal and mammaliicoccal subclinical mastitis in dairy herds from Northeast Brazil.

This study aimed to assess the impact of S. aureus as well as Non-aureus Staphylococci and Mammaliicocci (NASM) subclinical mastitis-causing in the economic return in dairy herds. Data were gathered from the databases of five dairy herds located in the Agreste region of Pernambuco state, Northeastern Brazil, over a period of three consecutive months. A total of 155 mammary quarters from 155 healthy cows were categorized into the healthy group. Meanwhile, 257 mammary quarters from 187 cows that tested positive for either S. aureus or NASM were categorized into the infected group. The effect of mammary quarter infection in economic return was estimated using milk payment criteria on milk samples from healthy vs. infected cows based on a linear mixed model. Milk yield and milk price influenced the economic return, and both varied according to factors like herd, parity, stage of lactation, period of analysis, and the type of pathogen causing subclinical mastitis. There was a reduction in the average economic return caused by NASM infection (by 0.41 to 0.65 US$/cow/day) and S. aureus infection (by 0.25 to 0.36 US$/cow/day), when considering the effect of the pathogen over time for 1 and ≥ 2 infected quarters. Although no significant differences were observed in economic return between healthy cows and those infected with NASM or S. aureus, it is important to collect data on these pathogens for a more precise assessment of the economic impact of subclinical mastitis and for developing enhanced approaches for prevention and control.

VIABILIDADE DA ENERGIA FOTOVOLTAICA EM CARUARU

Renewable energy is an increasingly prominent topic due to the urgent need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and combat global warming, which can lead to irreversible climate changes. In the state of Pernambuco, there is a growing popularity of solar energy, driven by its significant generation potential and ease of installation. Alongside these factors, there is an increase in the number of companies offering solar projects and installations for small consumers, enabling access to self-generated energy for both residences and businesses. However, despite these advantages, recent changes have raised questions about the viability of solar energy, particularly for the middle and lower classes. Thus, the purpose of this study is to analyze whether solar energy is feasible for residents of Caruaru or if further changes are needed to make it a realistic option.

Application of Sentinel-2 Level-2A images for monitoring water surface in reservoirs in the semiarid region of Pernambuco — Brazil

Remote sensing techniques offer effective and efficient alternatives for observing the spatiotemporal dynamics of surface water in reservoirs. This paper aimed to analyze the applicability of Sentinel-2 Level-2A satellite images from 2016 to 2024 for mapping and monitoring the extent of water surfaces in reservoirs in the Sertão region of Pernambuco state. An automatic, unsupervised, and non-parametric algorithm was employed, combining water indices with reflectance bands of optical images to identify water pixels. The results were compared with two datasets: in situ monitoring and MapBiomas. Issues with optical images affected by clouds over the reservoir and errors in classifying water pixels were noted. Generally, the algorithm tended to underestimate the extent of the water surface due to difficulty detecting water pixels at the edges of the reservoirs. To mitigate this issue, an artificial neural network (ANN) was applied to correct the underestimation bias. The bias correction improved the performance of the metrics when the size and representativeness of the calibration sample were sufficient for training and building the ANN model.

Leptospirosis seroprevalence and associated risk factors in dairy goats in the Brazilian semi-arid region

Leptospira spp. infection is a worldwide zoonosis that causes economic losses to goat rearing, mainly due to reproductive disorders. Hence, the objective of this research was to determine the seroprevalence and associated risk factors of leptospirosis in a goat milk-producing region in the states of Paraiba and Pernambuco, Northeast Brazil. The microscopic agglutination test was used as serological method and risk factor analysis was carried out using univariable and multivariable analyses. Out of the 937 animals sampled, 102 (10.9 %; 95 % CI = 8.9–12.9 %) were seropositive for Leptospira spp. and the most frequent serogroups were Ballum (41.2 %; 95 % CI = 31.6–50.7 %), Icterohaemorrhagiae (25.5 %, 95 % CI = 17–33.9 %) and Semaranga (23.5 %, 95 % CI = 15.3–31.8 %), with antibody titres ranging from 1:50 to 1:200. Thirty-four of 51 herds (66.7 %; 95 % CI = 53.7–79.6 %) had at least one seropositive animal. The risk factor identified in the multivariable two-level random effect binary logistic regression was the animal being an adult (odds ratio = 4.2; 95 % CI = 1.93–9.13; P < 0.001). Our results provide important information on the epidemiology and risk factors associated with goat leptospirosis seroprevalence in one of the main Brazilian goat milk-producing regions. Furthermore, the need for adopting sanitary control measures, especially those involving sanitary management practices, is highlighted.

Pernambuco-Alagoas, Riacho do Pontal, and Sergipano domains of the Borborema Province, Northeastern Brazil: a geological and geochronological synthesis

Abstract In recent years, the number of works seeking to advance the geological and geotectonic knowledge of the Borborema Province has been increasing. However, in the context of the Southern Borborema Province there are few studies aimed at understanding its tectonic evolution in an integrated way. This work presents a review of the lithostratigraphic and geochronological data available for the Pernambuco-Alagoas, Riacho do Pontal and Faixa Sergipana Domains, located in the southern portion of the Borborema Province (Northeast Brazil), in addition to a discussion on the tectonic evolution model. The Southern Borborema Province fully encompasses the state of Alagoas and partially the states of Pernambuco, Sergipe, Bahia and Piauí, and is delimited to the north by the Pernambuco Lineament and to the south by the São Francisco Craton. The methodology involved bibliographical survey, geological cartography, geochronological compilation, creation of detrital zircon histograms for metasedimentary rocks (with unconformity below 10%) and magmatic “barcodes” for ortho-derived rocks and preparation of regional geological profiles. The tectonic evolution of the Southern Borborema Province began with the breakup of the Rodínia Supercontinent (1000 Ma) during the Cariris Velhos Cycle. The processes involved in the interaction of fragments descending from Rodinia are diachronic, in a broad scenario of accretions and collisions that resulted in the merger of Gondwana. The Pernambuco-Alagoas Block is considered a complex tectonic domain, which was affected by the Cariris Velhos (1000 – 950 Ma) and Brasiliana (740 - 570 Ma) orogenies (Caxito &amp; Alkmim 2023), preserving remnants of Archean rocks (Riacho Seco Fragment) and proterozoic. The Riacho do Pontal Domain and the Faixa Sergipana Domain are part of a large folding system formed from the collision of the Pernambuco-Alagoas Domain with the São Francisco Craton, in a tangential deformation, vergent towards the craton, during the Brasiliana Orogeny. From the ages of the syncollisional granites we can infer that the orogenic event that gave rise to the aforementioned folded bands occurred at very close time intervals, presenting a slight diachronism. The article presents an integrated approach to tectonic evolution, however, the need for new studies is quite evident, with an emphasis on isotopic geology, geochronology, geochemistry and geological mapping that can contribute to the understanding of the processes involved in the formation of tectonic domains, their space-time relationships and their implications for the evolution of the Gondwana Continent.

Exploring trace fossils on megafauna remains from the Quaternary Lagoa da Pedra tank deposit, northeastern Brazil

The natural tank deposits of northeastern Brazil, particularly those with sedimentary filling, are notable for preserving extensive Quaternary megafauna fossil remains. While previous studies have primarily emphasized taxonomic aspects, ichnological evidence has also been documented. This study reports new trace fossils on megafauna remains from the Lagoa da Pedra natural tank (state of Pernambuco, Brazil), shedding light on behavioral interactions between megafauna taxa and other organisms. Four distinct traces, corresponding to three ichnogenera (Cubiculum, Nihilichnus, and Machichnus) were identified on post-cranial bones, three from Eremotherium laurillardi and one from Xenorhinotherium bahiense. Holes and pits (Nihilichnus nihilicus) on the radius of X. bahiense and the rib of E. laurillardi, along with furrows and scratches (Machichnus fatimae and M. bohemicus) on the rib of E. laurillardi, are attributed to scavenging activities, likely by carnivores. Additionally, furrows observed on the rib and vertebra of E. laurillardi are associated with dermestid insect pupation (Cubiculum ornatus and C. cooperi). These pupal chambers of dermestid insects (Cubiculum) suggest that the final stage of the dry carcasses, before the final burial, probably happened under the dry phase during the late Pleistocene-early Holocene.

Genomic and phenotypic characterization of the Oropouche virus strain implicated in the 2022-24 large-scale outbreak in Brazil.

The Orthobunyavirus oropoucheense species encompasses a group of arthropod-borne zoonotic viruses transmitted by biting midges to animals including humans. Several large-scale human outbreaks caused by the prototype member of this species, Oropouche virus (OROV) have been documented since the 1970s and were primarily confined to the Amazon basin. However, since 2022, more widespread OROV outbreaks have been unfolding in Brazil and across South America, with cases exported to Cuba, Italy, Spain, USA and Germany. In Brazil, the virus has reached and established communitary transmission in all geographic areas of the country. We isolated, characterized the cytopathic effect and recovered the full genome of two OROV isolates from the 2022-24 outbreak detected in patients from the Pernambuco state. Phylogenetic data supports a direct introduction from the Amazonas state, the epicenter of the epidemics in the country. As case counts accumulate in the state mounting evidence is supporting the establishiment of sustained transmission chains. Continued studies are critical to understand the transmission cycle in this region, including the most important vectors and reservoirs, to appropriately deploy control measures.

Balance, Gait, Functionality and Fall Occurrence in Adults and Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Associated Peripheral Neuropathy.

Body balance is regulated by sensory information from the vestibular, visual and somatosensory systems, and changes in one or more of these sensory systems can trigger balance disorders. Individuals with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM2) often present peripheral neuropathy, a condition that alters foot sensory information and can negatively influence balance and gait performance of these subjects. To evaluate and compare balance, gait, functionality and the occurrence of falls between individuals with and without a clinical diagnosis of DM2 with associated peripheral neuropathy. Cross-sectional study, which evaluated seventy individuals, thirty-five with and thirty-five without a clinical diagnosis of DM2, of both sexes and age range between 50 and 85 years, who were recruited from Basic Health Units of Serra Talhada, Pernambuco state, Brazil. The volunteers' balance was analyzed using the Berg Balance Scale, gait-related functional tasks were measured using the Dynamic Gait Index, functional mobility was assessed using the Timed Up and Go test and functionality was assessed using the Katz Index. The occurrence of falls was recorded by the volunteers' self-report. Individuals with DM2 demonstrated the worst performance in balance (p = 0.000) and in gait-related functional tasks (p = 0.000), slower functional mobility (p = 0.000) and worse functionality (p = 0.016) compared to the group without DM2, demonstrating significant differences for all analyzed outcomes. A greater occurrence of falls was observed in individuals with DM2, compared to those without the disease (p = 0.019). Individuals with DM2 demonstrated worse performance on balance, gait-related functional tasks, slower functional mobility and worse functionality compared to those without the disease. Individuals with DM2 had the highest occurrence of falls in this study.

The pincer wasps of the genus Dryinus Latreille in northeastern Brazil: a new host record and distribution for two species (Hymenoptera, Dryinidae)

Dryinus Latreille, 1804 is one of the most diverse genera of Dryinidae, comprising more than 340 fossil and recent species. Despite this large diversity, few studies focused on the fauna of this family in the Northeast of Brazil. This study aims to expand the distribution records for Dryinus garcetei Olmi 2012 and Dryinus gibbosus (Olmi, 1984), for the states of Bahia and Pernambuco, and additionally, to record for by the first time the host, Bladina sp. (Hemiptera, Nogodinidae), for the genus Dryinus. Furthermore, we provide a revised diagnosis for the species, detailed illustrations, and distribution map to the studied species.

Severe COVID-19 in HIV/Leishmania infantum coinfected patient: a successfully managed case report

BackgroundCoronavirus disease 2019 originated in China and swiftly spread worldwide, posing a significant threat to public health. Caused by SARS-CoV-2, it manifests as a flu-like illness that can escalate to Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, potentially resulting in fatalities. In countries where HIV/Leishmania infantum is endemic, the occurrence of concurrent SARS-CoV-2/HIV/Leishmania infantum infections is a reality, prompting inquiries into appropriate clinical management.Case presentationWe present the case of a 48-year-old woman who was hospitalized for 36 days across three different hospitals in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. She was diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2/HIV/L. infantum coinfection. The patient exhibited severe COVID-19 symptoms, including fever, productive cough, and dyspnea. Throughout her hospitalization, she experienced oxygen saturation levels of ≤ 93%, along with fluctuations in blood pressure, respiratory rate, and heart rate. Her blood tests revealed lymphopenia, leukopenia, and neutropenia, while laboratory results indicated abnormal levels of d-dimer, AST, ALT, lactate dehydrogenase, ferritin, and C-reactive protein. A computed tomography scan revealed 75% involvement of the lung parenchyma with patchy ground-glass opacities.ConclusionAgainst all odds, the patient was discharged. The leukopenia associated with HIV/L. infantum may have played a decisive role. Further studies are necessary to better understand diagnostic strategies and clinical management measures for HIV/L. infantum coinfected patients who are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection.