London. Geological Society, December 6.—Prof. A. C. Seward, president, and afterwards Mr. R. D. Oldham, vice-president, in the chair.—H. A. Baker: Geological investigations in the Falkland Islands. The strati-graphical succession comprises rocks of Archaean, Devono-Carboniferous, and Permo-Carboniferous age. There is only one exposure of Archaean rocks, namely, in the cliffs of Cape Meredith, the southernmost point of West Falkland. Overlying these old rocks, and separated from them by a strong unconformity, are coarse sandstones and quartzitic rocks, nearly horizontal. This unfossiliferous series is of great thickness, probably about 5000 feet. It occupies the southern part of West Falkland and the islands lying to the west of this area. It is regarded as of Devonian age. The succeeding series of rocks, of Devono-Carboniferous age, occupy the remainder of West Falkland (except for small areas o± Permo-Carboniferous rocks) and the northern half of East Falkland. The Middle and Upper Series each include about 2500 feet of strata. Terrestrial deposits of Permo-Carboniferous age follow. They occupy a synclinorium extending over the whole of the southern half of East Falkland (Lafonia) and Falkland Sound. They include a thickness of strata exceeding 9000 feet. A sandstone formation (Lafonian Sandstone) of no great thickness follows, and is, in turn, succeeded by more than 6000 feet of terrestrial deposits. Several thousand feet of these Upper Lafonian Beds consist of a monotonous alternation of thin sandstones and shaly beds. Doleritic dykes are of frequent occurrence; their age is post-Upper Lafonian. The marine fauna will probably prove to be of Upper Devonian age. The Falkland Islands appear to owe their existence to the fact that they occur at the crossing-place of two sets of folding movements.—A. C. Seward and J. Walton: On a collection of fossil plants from the Falkland Islands. A Devonian age is suggested for the oldest plant-bearing beds. Numerous examples of Glossopteris leaves were collected, especially in Lafonia, of species which are not confined to one geological series in the Gondwana System. Many specimens of Equisetaceous stems were also obtained from the Glossopteris Beds: of these several are identical with Falkland examples described by A. G. Nathorst and by T. G. Halle while others are compared with an Upper Triassic or Rhaetic species Neocalamites cavrerei (Zeiller). A comparison of petrified wood, most of which has been assigned by various writers to the genus Dadoxylon, from different parts of Gondwanaland, points to the prevalence, in the southern botanical province, of trees differing in anatomical characters from contemporary plants in the northern province. The Permo-Carboniferous flora seems to agree most nearly with the Damuda and Beaufort Series of India and South Africa respectively. The stems compared with Neocalamites favour a reference of the beds at Cygnet Harbour and Egg Harbour to a somewhat higher position; and, on the other hand, the leaves described as Glossopteris indica Schimper (cf. G. decipiens Feistmantel) from North Arm, although they represent a type which has a wide range both in space and in time, suggest a possible correlation with the Ecca Series of South Africa and the Talchir Series of India. Cambridge.