Permissive Framework Research Articles

Implementation of streamlining measures in selecting and prioritising complex cases for the cancer multidisciplinary team meeting: a mini review of the recent developments.

In January 2020, NHS England and NHS Improvement, in the United Kingdom, issued a permissive framework for streamlining cancer multidisciplinary (MDT) meetings. Streamlining is defined as a process whereby complex cases are prioritized for full discussion by an MDT in an MDT meeting (MDM), while the management of straightforward cases is expedited using Standards of Care (SoC). SoC are points in the pathway of patient management where there are recognized guidelines and clear clinical consensus on the options for management and should be regionally agreed and uniformly applied by regional Cancer Alliances. While this report marks the first major change in cancer MDT management since the Calman-Hine report in 1995, its implementation, nationally, has been slow with now nearly four years since its publication. It is argued however that streamlining is a necessary step in ensuring the viability of MDT processes, and therefore maintaining patient care in the current socioeconomic context of rising workload and cancer incidence, financial pressures, and workforce shortages. In this mini review, we offer a succinct summary of the recent developments around the implementation of the 2020 streamlining framework, including challenges and barriers to its implementation, and the potential future directions in this field, which we propose should increase utilisation of implementation science. We conclude that ensuring successful implementation of the framework and the SOC requires securing a buy-in from key stakeholders, including MDTs and hospital management teams, with clearly defined (a) management approaches that include triage (e.g. through a mini MDT meeting), (b) assessment of case complexity (something that directly feeds into the SOC), and (c) roles of the MDT lead and the members, while acknowledging that the SOC cannot be universally applied without the consideration of individual variations across teams and hospital Trusts.

K-pop 커버곡의 저작권법적 양성화 방안 연구

It has been observed that K-pop cover works are actively produced and shared on platforms like YouTube and social media.
 However, the act of uploading cover songs to platforms without the permission of the original copyright holders constitutes a violation of copyright law. In light of the objective of copyright law, it is considered more effective to resolve cover culture not simply through sanctions but by obtaining consent from the original copyright holders, thus enabling a win-win s ituation for both the original copyright holders and cover song users.
 The paper identifies limitations in the current copyright enforcement system, including the omission of certain rights from protection. It highlights the need for new policy agreements to address these limitations and suggests that, considering copyright’s exclusive r ig hts, t he u ltimate solution to c opyrig ht i ssues l ies in resolving permission issues between rights holders and content users.
 To address the identified legal gray areas, the paper proposes the “Cover License” system as a model for improvement. The Cover License system leverages the existing general user permission framework to enable original creators and neighboring rights holders to declare their desired profit-sharing ratios in advance and to manage the registration and profit distribution through a trust organization transparently in the public domain. It is expected that this proposal, by preserving the original intent of copyright law, will serve as a w in-win s trateg y, a llowing orig inal r ig hts holders and cover song creators to share profits through a small transaction cost and extend the lifespan of original works.

Ameliorating at the joints. A permissive normative framework for conceptual engineering

ABSTRACT In this paper I argue against Simion’s (2018) Epistemic Limiting Procedure for conceptual engineering and put forward a more permissive alternative, according to which epistemic losses do not systematically block amelioration, but merely provide reasons against it. On this less restrictive view, epistemic losses will be permissible, provided that they are compensated by the non-epistemic gains of the amelioration. After fleshing out the details of my proposal, I discuss two case studies in relation to which Simion’s restrictive procedure seems to yield the wrong predictions. I argue that my alternative accommodates these cases significantly better.

A multi-party, fine-grained permission and policy enforcement framework for hybrid mobile applications

A multi-party, fine-grained permission and policy enforcement framework for hybrid mobile applications

An Automated Permission Selection Framework for Android Platform

Enhancements to Android security frameworks have been a focal point of the research community in the past few years due to Android’s growing popularity. The Android permission framework performs a vital role in identifying the malicious behavior of an application. Most malware utilizes the wrong permission, given by an application that exploits device security and privacy. The focus point should be managing the permission given to an application at the very beginning, when installing the application. However, in this regard, the solutions given so far are user-centric. That means the user needs to decide whether permission should be given or not. A novice user usually ignores the warnings during installation of an app or accessing a resource. In this research, we introduce an enhanced Android permission framework that automatically decides for the user which permissions should be given to application at installation or when resources are accessed in the newer Android versions. We generated a large dataset of permissions and their ratings to generate a machine learning model. Finally, an incorporated machine learning model automatically decides on behalf of a user which permissions should be given to the user. Our results show high accuracy in the auto-selection of suggested permissions for the end user.

Formalization of the Access Control on ARM-Android Platform with the B Method

ARM-Android is a widespread mobile platform with multi-layer access control mechanisms, security-critical in the system. Many access control vulnerabilities still exist due to the course-grained policy and numerous engineering defects, which have been widely studied. However, few researches focus on the mechanism formalization, including the Android permission framework, kernel process management and hardware isolation. This paper first develops a comprehensive formal access control model on the ARM-Android platform using the B method, from the Android middleware to hardware layer. All the model specifications are type checked and proved to be well-defined, with 75%of proof obligations demonstrated automatically. The results show that the proposed B model is feasible to specify and verify access control schemes in the ARM-Android system, and capable of implementing a practical control module.

Rethinking Memory Permissions for Protection Against Cross-Layer Attacks

The inclusive permissions structure (e.g., the Intel ring model) of modern commodity CPUs provides privileged system software layers with arbitrary permissions to access and modify client processes, allowing them to manage these clients and the system resources efficiently. Unfortunately, these inclusive permissions allow a compromised high-privileged software layer to perform arbitrary malicious activities. In this article, our goal is to prevent attacks that cross system layers while maintaining the abilities of system software to manage the system and allocate resources. In particular, we present a hardware-supported page permission framework for physical pages that is based on the concept of noninclusive sets of memory permissions for different layers of system software (such as hypervisors, operating systems, and user-level applications). Instead of viewing privilege levels as an ordered hierarchy with each successive level being more privileged, we view them as distinct levels each with its own set of permissions. In order to enable system software to manage client processes, we define a set of legal permission transitions that support resource allocation but preserve security. We show that the model prevents a range of recent attacks. We also show that it can be implemented with negligible performance overhead (both at load time and at runtime), low hardware complexity, and minimal changes to the commodity OS and hypervisor code.

Realization of a user‐centric, privacy preserving permission framework for Android

ABSTRACTAndroid has been steadily gaining market share, and the number of available applications is increasing at a healthy pace. Because of the myriad of third‐party applications, privacy concerns are starting to surface in the community. Application developers usually request access to more system resources than are strictly required for their apps. However, the stock Android permission model does not allow users to selectively grant permissions. This is a well‐known issue, but existing solutions to this problem are either too abstract or require detailed changes to the core model—making it difficult for both developers and users to accept them. In this paper, we present a fine‐grained, user‐centric permission model for Android that allows users to selectively grant permissions to applications that they install. Our model allows specification of permissions based on application and system attributes as well as simple yes or no policies. The model is kept as simple as possible, and its open source implementation is highly usable for the average end user. It requires minimal backward compatible changes to the core permission model and is shown to be highly efficient in terms of performance overhead. We present our model and point interested readers to our freely available changeset to help them use, evaluate, and improve our permission model. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

‘Science for survival’: biotechnology regulation in Israel

Despite its small size, Israel is a global player in biotechnology. This has been made possible by Government initiatives, and by a permissive regulatory framework. Especially at the level of discourse, Israelis generally employ a positive attitude to science and technologies that are controversial elsewhere. In this article, we discuss regulation in agricultural and human biotechnology and argue that the absence of public controversies is because of certain cultural, religious and political narratives that construct biotechnology as crucial for the continuity of Jewish existence in the region. We also discuss possible paths of future policy making in the field. Copyright , Beech Tree Publishing.

Privatisation, Decentralisation and Education in the United Kingdom: The Role of the State

Since the early 1950s, the axis ‘centralisation–decentralisation’, especially as thematised in the work of Isaac Kandel, has represented a major focus of comparative studies in education. Kandel argued that issues relating to the internal conduct of the classroom ( interna ) should, so far as possible, be decentralised, while issues relating to administration, school structure and organisation of the educational system ( externa ) might safely be centralised. After 1988, successive governments in the United Kingdom have undertaken reforms which have placed more central control on the curriculum and even methods of teaching ( interna ), while school finance and administration ( externa ) have been devolved to the school level. The present essay argues that a simplistic approach to centralisation and decentralisation is not likely to be fruitful. Instead, we should acknowledge the role of the State in creating a ‘permissive framework’ for educational systems. Local action can then be seen as part of a policy accommodating or resisting the implications of that framework.