Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine Speed Research Articles

Grid-connected control of (PV-Wind) Hybrid Energy System

This paper presented a strategy for modeling, simulation and control of a hybrid grid connected power system which is in fact a rather complex system. In this work, we study how to use two renewable energies in an efficient manner without any disturbing of the main network. Our Hybrid Energy System (HES) is composed by two renewable energy sources, the photovoltaic source and wind source. It is better for these two systems to work at their maximum power in order to return the investment cost of the system. The proposed solution is to connect those generators to the electrical grid via the AC bus with trackers. Where the photovoltaic generator (PVG) is followed by a DC/DC boost converter, controlled by a Perturb and Observe (P&O) tracker, then followed by a three-phase voltage inverter (3-ph-VSI) which is controlled by the watt-var decoupled method. The wind system is based on Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (PMSM) which is used as a variable speed generator and directly connected to the turbine (without gearbox) followed by back-to-back converters. The grid side converter (GSC) allows us to control the DC bus voltage and unity power factor, while the machine side converter (MSC) ensures us to control the PMSM speed. Knowing that pitch angle control is not considered in our study. The MPPT control strategy, which is based on the Optimum Peak Speed Ratio (OTSR), is used to ensure the most energy efficiency despite variations in wind speed. The coupling of the two systems is done via the Point of Common Collecting (PCC). Finally, simulation results show the feasibility of our solution and the good performances of the proposed control strategy, applied for medium-sized HES in power generation. They also demonstrate that such system topology is very advantageous.

Grid-connected control of PV-Wind hybrid energy system

ABSTRACT Article history: Received Oct 14, 2020 Revised Mar 22, 2021 Accepted Apr 23, 2021 This paper presented a strategy for modeling, simulation and control of a hybrid grid connected power system which is in fact a rather complex system. In this work, we study how to use two renewable energies in an efficient manner without any disturbing of the main network. Our hybrid energy system (HES) is composed by two renewable energy sources, the photovoltaic source and wind source. It is better for these two systems to work at their maximum power in order to return the investment cost of the system. The proposed solution is to connect those generators to the electrical grid via the AC bus with trackers. Where the photovoltaic generator (PVG) is followed by a DC/DC boost converter, controlled by a perturb and observe (P&O) tracker, then followed by a three-phase voltage inverter (3-ph-VSI) which is controlled by the watt-var decoupled method. The wind system is based on permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) which is used as a variable speed generator and directly connected to the turbine (without gearbox) followed by back-to-back converters. The grid side converter (GSC) allows us to control the DC bus voltage and unity power factor, while the machine side converter (MSC) ensures us to control the PMSM speed. Knowing that pitch angle control is not considered in our study. The MPPT control strategy, which is based on the optimum peak speed ratio (OTSR), is used to ensure the most energy efficiency despite variations in wind speed. The coupling of the two systems is done via the Point of Common Collecting (PCC). Finally, simulation results show the feasibility of our solution and the good performances of the proposed control strategy, applied for mediumsized HES in power generation. They also demonstrate that such system topology is very advantageous.

CCS-MPC for PMSM with Wide Speed Range based on Variable DC-Bus Voltage Control applied to the Flywheel Energy Storage System

In this paper, in order to verify the effect of variable DC-bus voltage control, CCS-MPC (Continuous-Control-Set MPC) control is used to research the control of PMSM (Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Machine) in a wide speed range. In order to maximize the speed of PMSM, the MTPA control, the field weakening control and the variable DC-bus voltage control are applied in the different speed range of PMSM. CCS-MPC can eliminate the control delay by controlling the predicted step size. When CCSMPC is applied to the PMSM control with a wide speed range, the advantages of strong adaptability of CCS-MPC can be exerted.

Performance Enhancement of Boost Converter Fed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine

The renewable energy plays a vital role in various fields like electronic and automotive applications. This paper presents the Permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) which is fed by boost converter. A wide range of dc voltage is fed to bridge inverter by boost converter which in turn controls the speed of PMSM. Boost converter is used to boost up the input voltage. An electric vehicle may be powered through a shaft of the motor to run the various electric vehicles like electric aircraft, electric truck, electric space craft, electric locomotive etc. In this paper by using converter topologies increase the performance of the motor speed. The performance of the proposed system is verified using MATLAB/Simulink and presented results demonstrate the performance and analysis of the system to provide high speed by using PID controller.

Sensorless Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine with Magnetic Saliency Tracking Based on Voltage Signal Injection

This paper presents a sensorless control method of a permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) with magnetic saliency estimation. This is based on a high-frequency injection (HFI) technique applied on the modified PMSM model in the γδ reference frame. Except for sensorless control, an emphasis is placed on the magnetic saliency estimation to indicate a practical approach in tracking PMSM inductance variations. The magnetic saliency is determined using calculations embedded in the speed and position algorithm through current measurements. A notable characteristic of the modified PMSM model is that the corresponding rotor flux integrates both permanent magnet and saliency term fluxes. In applying a HFI technique for sensorless control, the structure of the PMSM flux model is formatted accordingly. A novel inductance matrix is derived that is completely compatible with the HFI methodology, since its elements include terms of angle error differential and average inductances. In addition, a sliding mode observer (SMO) is designed to estimate the speed and angle of rotor flux based on equivalent control applying a smooth function of the angle error instead of a sign one to reduce the chattering phenomenon. The control strategy is principally based on the adequacy of the proposed modified model and on the appropriateness of the SMO structure to successfully track the rotor flux position with the required stability and accuracy. Simulation results demonstrate the performance of the PMSM sensorless control verifying the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm to detect PMSM saliency, speed and position in steady state and transient modes successfully.

Perbandingan Optimasi Kontroler Putaran Motor Permanent Magnet Syschronous Machine

Low torque low owned by PMSM (Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine) required an excellent control model. PMSM uses the principle of faraday's law by rotating magnets in the coil by using other energy sources. When a magnet moves in a coil or vice versa. The engine rotation will change the magnetic force flux on the coil and penetrate perpendicularly to the coil so that a potential difference arises between the ends of the coil. The potential difference is caused by changes in magnetic flux. in order to get the best control method, a good speed control model is needed. In this study comparing PMSM speed control using PID, Fuzzy Logic Controller (LFC), and Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS). The simulation results show that the best model on the ANFIS controller that is closest to Speed ​​Reff (300 rpm) is that ANFIS obtains the rotational profile with the smallest undershot, the fastest steady state, the best output current profile, the best torque profile, and the best voltage profile. The results of this study will be followed by the use of other Artificial Intelligence.

Speed and position estimator of for sensorless PMSM drives using adaptive controller

<p>Nowadays, the elimination of the speed sensor in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (PMSM) is greatly recommended to increase efficiency and reduce the cost of the drives. This paper proposes a simple estimator for speed and rotor position of PMSM drives using adaptive controller. The novelties of the proposed method are the simple estimator equations and the absence of the voltage probe which depend on direct and quadrature reference current only. The simplified mathematical model of the PMSM is formulated by using <em>V-I</em> model, based on adaptive control. Then, the speed estimation error of the voltage and current model based are analyzed. Thus, an adaptation mechanism model is established to cancel the error of the measured and estimated <em>d-q</em> currents. Since the output of the estimator is the position feedback, the performances of speed responses are presented. The hardware implementation of proposed sensorless drives is realized via dSPACE DS11103 panel. dSPACE Real Time Implementation (RTI) is the linkage between software and hardware set-up. It automatically processes the MATLAB Simulink model into dSPACE DS11103 processor. The experimental-hardware results demonstrate that the speed and position estimator of the proposed method is able to control the PMSM drives for forward and reverse of speed command, acceleration, deceleration and robustness to load disturbance.</p>

Grey Wolf based control for speed ripple reduction at low speed operation of PMSM drives

Speed ripple at low speed-high torque operation of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (PMSM) drives is considered as one of the major issues to be treated. The presented work proposes an efficient PMSM speed controller based on Grey Wolf (GW) algorithm to ensure a high-performance control for speed ripple reduction at low speed operation. The main idea of the proposed control algorithm is to propose a specific objective function in order to incorporate the advantage of fast optimization process of the GW optimizer. The role of GW optimizer is to find the optimal input controls that satisfy the speed tracking requirements. The synthesis methodology of the proposed control algorithm is detailed and the feasibility and performances of the proposed speed controller is confirmed by simulation and experimental results. The GW algorithm is a model-free controller and the parameters of its objective function are easy to be tuned. The GW controller is compared to PI one on real test bench. Then, the superiority of the first algorithm is highlighted.

Modeling and implementation of brain emotional controller for Permanent Magnet Synchronous motor drive

This paper presents a bio-inspired emotion based intelligent controller for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (PMSM) drive. There are certain parts in mammal brain are responsible to generate emotions, which can be used as controller, namely brain emotional controller. The evolutionary development of brain emotional control technique is used in many applications to control nonlinearities in the system. The performance of emotional controller is analyzed by considering control of speed and stator currents harmonics of PMSM drive at different operating conditions. The performance of the controller is compared with existing controllers in offline simulations and in real-time Hardware-in-loop (HIL) simulations using OPAL-RT simulator.

From 2D to 3D Bifurcation Structures in Field Oriented Control of a PMSM

This paper presents new aspects of bifurcation structures in a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (PMSM) in both motor and generator operating modes. It considers the case where the PMSM speed is regulated with a Field-oriented control (FOC). A period doubling bifurcation cascade under the variation of a proportional control parameter leading to chaotic states, was identified. The investigation of parametric singularities allows us to identify a complex bifurcation structure including three generic bifurcations. Such structure is made of the Limit Point (LP), the Hopf (H) and the Bogdanov-Takens (BT) bifurcation sets. Sufficient conditions of the existence of the main bifurcations are given analytically. An overview of the phase space singularities associated to the parametric singularities is presented. Moreover, embedding 2D bifurcation sets in a 3D parametric space, led to identify certain bifurcation surface structures. The bifurcation surfaces established correspond to limit point bifurcation for the motor and generator operating mode, and for period doubling period bifurcation. The 3D bifurcation sets play an important role to study the combined effect of three different parameters on the PMSM dynamics, and permit to control the complex PMSM dynamics to a stable equilibrium dot by an adequate tuning of either control and system parameters.

Voltage Disturbance Rejection for Matrix Converter-Based PMSM Drive System Using Internal Model Control

A strategy based on internal model control (IMC) is proposed for a matrix converter-based permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) drive system to reduce the adverse impact on drive performance caused by nonlinear output characteristics of matrix converter in the case of input voltage disturbance. Based on the duty-cycle space vectors and small-signal model, the relationship between output and input disturbances is obtained in the synchronous reference frame. Output characteristics of matrix converter are analyzed, and practical considerations are discussed for the purpose of controller design. A general design procedure of the robust IMC controller is described, and parameters of the controller are determined. Numerical simulations and experiments with a 10-kW prototype are carried out. The results show that good dynamic and steady-state performance on PMSM speed regulation is achieved under the unbalanced and distorted input voltage conditions, and the immunity of the drive system is verified to be improved.