Periodontal Disease In Adolescents Research Articles

Association Between Periodontal Pathogens and Severity of Periodontal Diseases Among Adolescents in Kunming City: China

Objective: To investigate the association between periodontal pathogens and periodontal status among adolescents in Kunming City.Material and Methods: A total of 560 adolescents from five high schools within five urban districts in Kunming participated in this study. Clinical periodontal examination was assessed, and the levels of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A. actinomycetemcomitans), Prevotella intermedia (P. intermedia), and Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) in saliva samples were examined using a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The relationship between periodontal pathogens and the severity of periodontal disease was investigated using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: The presence of P. gingivalis, A. actinomycetemcomitans, and P. intermedia was positively correlated with the extent of probing depth, clinical attachment level (CAL), and bleeding on probing. P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans were detected at approximately 55-58% among adolescents with healthy periodontal status. P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans were detected in all adolescents diagnosed with periodontitis (stage I or II), which was an increased number compared to healthy adolescents. It was found that P. gingivalis (odd ratio (OR)=7.03, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.77-13.11) and A. actinomycetemcomitans (OR=5.37, 95% CI 2.73-10.57) were strongly associated with stage II periodontitis. F. nucleatum had no significant relationship with the occurrence of gingivitis and periodontitis.Conclusion: P. gingivalis, A. actinomycetemcomitans, and P. intermedia are important microbiological risk factors for periodontal diseases in adolescents.

Association Between Periodontal Pathogens and Severity of Periodontal Diseases Among Adolescents in Kunming City: China

Objective: To investigate the association between periodontal pathogens and periodontal status among adolescents in Kunming City.Material and Methods: A total of 560 adolescents from five high schools within five urban districts in Kunming participated in this study. Clinical periodontal examination was assessed, and the levels of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A. actinomycetemcomitans), Prevotella intermedia (P. intermedia), and Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) in saliva samples were examined using a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The relationship between periodontal pathogens and the severity of periodontal disease was investigated using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: The presence of P. gingivalis, A. actinomycetemcomitans, and P. intermedia was positively correlated with the extent of probing depth, clinical attachment level (CAL), and bleeding on probing. P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans were detected at approximately 55-58% among adolescents with healthy periodontal status. P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans were detected in all adolescents diagnosed with periodontitis (stage I or II), which was an increased number compared to healthy adolescents. It was found that P. gingivalis (odd ratio (OR)=7.03, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.77-13.11) and A. actinomycetemcomitans (OR=5.37, 95% CI 2.73-10.57) were strongly associated with stage II periodontitis. F. nucleatum had no significant relationship with the occurrence of gingivitis and periodontitis.Conclusion: P. gingivalis, A. actinomycetemcomitans, and P. intermedia are important microbiological risk factors for periodontal diseases in adolescents.

National survey of periodontal diseases in adolescents and young adults in Morocco.

National surveys of periodontal diseases in children are rare. This study describes the first national survey of oral health of adolescents attending public schools in Morocco. We report the prevalence and demographic determinants of periodontal diseases, and generate population estimates for this young population. This study used a multi-stage probability sample comprising 14,667 students in 87 schools and 520 classrooms, representative of students attending grades 6-12 (age 12-18 years) in Morocco. The students were interviewed and then examined clinically to assess their periodontal status, which was classified according to the 2017 World Workshop. In addition, the diagnosis of aggressive periodontitis (AgP) was assessed. Of approximately 3million students in this age cohort, 12.3% (or approximately 360,894 subjects) had periodontitis and 46.9% (1.4million) had gingivitis. They comprised 10.8%, 2.9%, and 6.1% subjects with periodontitis stage I, II, and III/IV, respectively; 5.0%, or 148,336 subjects, had AgP. The prevalence rates were not significantly different by gender or urban status. However, the prevalence of AgP was particularly high in certain regions of Morocco. The prevalence of staged periodontitis and AgP in this young population is among the highest reported in national surveys worldwide.

Microbiology of periodontal disease in adolescents with Type 1 diabetes

Background and aimsDiabetes and periodontal disease are chronic disorders with complex interplay. Periodontal microbiota may play a major role in the development of periodontal disease (PD). The study was framed to identify oral microorganisms and assess oral biofilm in children & adolescents with T1DM and PD. MethodsIn this cross-sectional study we recruited a total of 60 subjects aged 10–18 years (in 3 groups of 20 each). Group 1: Diabetes with periodontal disease (DMPD), Group 2: Diabetes without periodontal disease (DM), Group 3: Periodontal disease without Diabetes (PD).Gingival plaque samples were collected and processed for culture based microbial identification and biofilm assay. ResultsThe microbial diversity in the DMPD group was higher. Staphylococcus warneri was the only organism specifically isolated from DMPD group. Staphylococcus vitulinus, Streptococcus sanguinis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, was commonly isolated from both DMPD and PD group especially higher incidence in DMPD group (P ≤ 0.001).There was a strong positive correlation between poor glycaemic control and biofilm formation in both Groups 1 & 2 (DMPD and DM) patients (Spearman's Rho: 0.868, P < 0.001). ConclusionChildren & adolescents with T1DM with worse glycaemic control, associated with higher abundance of biofilm formation and greater microbial diversity, especially in those with T1DM with PD.

Epidemiology of periodontal disease in adolescents in mainland China, 1983-2020: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory disease that includes primarily gingivitis and periodontitis, caused by bacterial infection of the supporting structures of the teeth. For years, much attention has been diverted to periodontal disease among the elderly, not enough attention is paid to adolescents. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the epidemic trend of periodontal disease in adolescents in mainland China. We conducted a comprehensive literature search through PubMed, Embase, CNKI, Chongqing VIP database, Chinese Wan Fang Database, and CBM. A series of subgroup analyses were done to explore the epidemiological characteristics of periodontal disease (gender, location, age, survey year, and geographical distribution) with the help of related software. Thirty studies were included in this study. The data extraction and analysis were from three indexes, including bleeding on probing (BOP), pocket depth (PD), and dental calculus (DC). The detection rates of BOP(+), PD ≥4 mm and DC(+) were 48.8% (95% CI: 36.2-61.4%), 1.0% (0.0-2.0%), and 49.8% (41.0-58.6%), respectively. There were significant differences for the prevalence of gingivitis both in gender and area: the prevalence was higher in males than that in females, and risk ratio was 1.04 (95% CI, 1.01-1.06); a lower prevalence in urban areas compared with rural areas, and the risk ratio was 0.90 (95% CI, 0.85-0.96). This study shows a high prevalence of gingivitis among adolescents in China. Higher-quality epidemiological surveys with standard examination criteria are needed.

Higher sugar intake is associated with periodontal disease in adolescents.

Analyze the association between higher added sugar exposure and periodontal disease in adolescents (18-19 years old). This was a cross-sectional study nested to RPS Cohorts Consortium, São Luís, Brazil (n = 2515). The exposure was percentage of daily calories from added sugar (≥ 10%), estimated from a quantitative food frequency. The outcome was periodontal disease estimated by the number of teeth affected by bleeding on probing, periodontal probing depth ≥ 4 mm, and clinical attachment level ≥ 4 mm at the same site. A theoretical model was depicted in a directed acyclic graph to identify the minimal sufficient adjustment set: household income, adolescent's educational level, sex, alcohol use, and smoking. Periodontal disease was categorized into < 2 teeth affected, 2 to 3 teeth affected, and ≥ 4 teeth affected to estimate prevalence ratios (PR) by multinomial logistic regression. To test for consistency, means ratio (MR) were estimated using zero-inflated Poisson. High sugar intake was associated with ≥ 4 teeth affected by periodontal disease (PR = 1.42; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.03-1.94; p = 0.030); consistency Poisson analysis reinforced these results (MR = 1.15; 95% CI = 1.03-1.29; p = 0.011). High level of added sugar intake was associated with greater extent of periodontal disease in adolescents. High sugar intake was associated with periodontal disease in adolescents, supporting the integrated hypothesis of dental caries and periodontal disease and giving impetus to future clinical investigation on the effect of restriction of added sugar consumption in periodontal parameters, which potentially may change traditional treatment protocols of periodontal disease.

Associations between obesity, dental caries, erosive tooth wear and periodontal disease in adolescents: a case-control study.

To compare oral health [dental caries, periodontal status, and erosive tooth wear (ETW)], diet and oral hygiene habits between obese and normal weight adolescents, and to explore possible risk associations. In this case-control study, a convenience sample of 71 obese adolescents (age range 11-18) from a rehabilitation centre, and 54 age-sex-matched normal weight adolescents were selected for this study. Groups were defined using the Body Mass Index and growth curves for Flemish adolescents. Oral health was measured using DMFT, gingival, plaque and BEWE index. A validated questionnaire was utilized to assess diet and oral hygiene habits. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare oral health between groups. Multivariate Firth's logistic regression analysis, conditional regression analysis and classification trees were used to detect associations between oral health and potential risk factors. Prevalence of ETW did not differ significantly between groups, although obese adolescents presented a significantly higher caries experience, gingivitis, presence of plaque and periodontal problems, compared to normal weight adolescents. After adjusting for age and sex, obesity was associated only with the presence of dental plaque (p ≤ 0.001). Obese participants reported a significantly higher intake of sugar-rich and caloric food items than normal weight group. The consumption of acidic drinks, however, was similar. Obese adolescents presented significantly higher caries experience, gingivitis and plaque, although after adjusting, obesity became significantly associated only with the presence of dental plaque.

Исследование стабильности восстанавливающих свойств Мексидола в составе парафармацевтических средств для профилактики и комплексной терапии заболеваний пародонта у подростков

Исследование стабильности восстанавливающих свойств Мексидола в составе парафармацевтических средств для профилактики и комплексной терапии заболеваний пародонта у подростков

Assessment of the evaluation of oral hygiene in children with cerebral palsy

Cerebral palsy, one of the diseases of the central nervous system, is a serious disease that is caused by various brain injuries during the first year of life: before, inside and after childbirth. Patients with cerebral palsy lag behind in physical and mental development, and due to their inability to help themselves, this causes not only medical, but also social problems. Proper dental care for sick children with cerebral palsy is one of the measures to prevent diseases of the oral mucosa and its complications. According to S.V. Erzina (2005) Children with cerebral palsy, aged 7-18and the prevalence of periodontal disease in adolescents is 94.4%, in most cases they occur in the form of chronic catarrhal gingivitis [1.3]. Oleinik (2001, 2002, 2008) found the following increased dental performance in children with central nervous system diseases: The prevalence of caries (98.0%), the prevalence of periodontal disease was found in 80.0% and hypersalivation processes in 84%.

Regulation of Salivary Peptidoglycan Recognition Protein 1 in Adolescents.

Peptidoglycan recognition protein 1 (PGLYRP1), a member of peptidoglycan recognition proteins, is known to be involved in the proinflammatory response toward bacterial infections. Recently, PGLYRP1 was identified as a ligand for triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM-1). Although PGLYRP1 is involved in immune and inflammatory responses, its levels in initial stages of periodontal disease in adolescents are currently unknown. We aimed to investigate salivary levels of PGLYRP1 and its correlation with TREM-1, polymorphonuclear leukocyte elastase (PMN elastase), and an active matrix metalloproteinase 8 (aMMP-8) in adolescents. Whole saliva samples (n = 537) were collected from 15- to 16-y-old adolescents at Kotka Health Center, Finland, prior to periodontal examination, including measurement of periodontal pocket depth (PPD), visible plaque index (VPI), and bleeding on probing (BOP). Adolescents, clustered as periodontally healthy, gingivitis, or subclinical periodontitis, were tested for salivary levels of TREM-1, PGLYRP1, and PMN elastase by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and aMMP-8 by a time-resolved immunofluorometric assay (IFMA). Salivary levels of PGLYRP1 and aMMP-8 were significantly higher in adolescents with subclinical periodontitis and gingivitis compared to individuals with healthy periodontium. TREM-1 and PMN elastase levels were higher in adolescents with subclinical periodontitis compared to healthy individuals but did not reach significance. PGLYRP1 correlated positively with BOP, PPD, VPI, aMMP-8, and TREM-1. Elevated PGLYRP1 levels in adolescents with gingivitis and subclinical periodontitis and its positive correlation with TREM-1 and aMMP-8 may indicate an association of PGLYRP1 with initial stages of periodontal disease. Sex and poor oral hygiene but not smoking are also associated with higher levels of PGLYRP1. However, PGLYRP1 has a lower discriminating capacity and is therefore a less reliable marker alone in the diagnosis of initial stages of periodontal disease in adolescents. PGLYRP1, a member of peptidoglycan recognition proteins, is a ligand for TREM-1. Elevated PGLYRP1 levels in adolescents with gingivitis and subclinical periodontitis and its positive correlation with TREM-1 and aMMP-8 may indicate an association of PGLYRP1 with initial stages of periodontal disease. However, it has a lower discriminating capacity and is therefore a less reliable marker alone in the diagnosis of periodontal disease in adolescents.

Stress-related hormones in association with periodontal condition in adolescents-results of the epidemiologic LIFE Child study.

The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between blood levels of stress-related hormones and early signs of periodontal disease in children and adolescents. Within the LIFE (Leipzig research center for civilization diseases) Child study, 498 adolescents (10 to 18years) were included. Early signs of periodontal inflammation were measured by probing depth (PD) at six index teeth (16, 11, 26, 36, 31, 46). Blood levels of stress-related hormones (cortisol, dehydroepiandosterone-sulfate [DHEA-S]) and, additionally interleukine-6 (IL-6) were measured. Socioeconomic status, oral hygiene, orthodontic appliances, and nutritional status, recorded by body-mass-index-standard-deviation-score (BMI-SDS), were considered as confounding factors. Additionally, in 98 participants, an oral chairside active matrix metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8) test was performed. Statistical tests are the Mann-Whitney U tests, chi-squared tests and multivariate logistic regression model. IL-6, BMI-SDS as well as positive aMMP-8 test result were significantly associated with maximum PD > 3mm (p< 0.05). However, no statistically significant associations between stress-related hormones (cortisol and DHEA-S) and presence of maximum PD > 3mm were found (p> 0.05). Higher DHEA-S and BMI were associated with positive aMMP-8 result, even after adjusting for age and gender (p= 0.027, padj= 0.026). The results reveal no associations between PD and stress-related hormones cortisol and DHEA-S. aMMP-8 test result might be associated with DHEA-S level. Nutritional status seems to influence periodontal disease in adolescents. DHEA-S and BMI-SDS show associations with early signs of periodontal disease in adolescents aged 10 to 18years. This association should be confirmed by the investigation of high-risk groups.

Evaluation of the relationship between obesity, dental caries and periodontal disease in adolescents.

To assess the prevalence of caries, oral hygiene quality and periodontal disease in a cohort of obese adolescents compared to a control group. Study Design: cross-sectional study conducted on 204 subjects (age range 10-16 years). Ninety obese subjects (BMI >90) and 114 normal-weight subjects (BMI <75) were visited at the Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital and in a junior high school in Rome, respectively. An ad hoc questionnaire (investigating demographic and oral health behaviour data) was filled in by patients and their caregivers. Accurate oral examinations were conducted. The Decayed-Missing-Filled Teeth/Surfaces Index in both permanent (DMFT/DMFS) and primary dentition (dmft/dmfs), Gingival Bleeding Index (GBI), Visible Plaque Index (VPI), and Probing Depth (PD) were recorded. data analysis was carried out using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS 21.0; SPSS IBM, New York, NY). The data of the two groups were compared by means of Student's t Test or the Mann-Whitney test for numerical data and the Chi-square test for categorical data. Patients affected by obesity, compared with controls, presented less compromised teeth in the primary dentition (dmft obese: 0.30 &#177;± 1.12; normal-weight: 1.00 &#177; 1.90; P<0.001) and less compromised dental surfaces (dmfs obese: 0.51 &#177; 2.14; normal-weight: 1.61 &#177; 3.10; P<0.001). Furthermore obese patients showed minor gingival inflammation with less bleeding on probing (GBI) (obese: 23.95 &#177; 21.43; normal-weight: 38.17&#177; 24.37; P<0.001), and less probing depth in a greater number of sites (PPD &#8804; 3) (obese: 101.92 &#177; 9.27; normal-weight: 97.28 &#177; 12.13; P<0.001). Moreover, the obese group showed a better oral hygiene (VPI) (obese: 25.69 &#177;25.83; normal-weight: 37.72 &#177;24.34; P<0.001). In our study, obese adolescents showed a better oral hygiene, fewer compromised teeth and better periodontal health when compared with normal-weight patients.

Metabolic syndrome parameters in adolescents may be determinants for the future periodontal diseases.

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) increases even in adolescents. The evidence that MetS is associated with the periodontal diseases in adolescents has been understudied. Therefore, our aim was to assess the association between MetS parameters and gingivitis in adolescents. A total of 941 participants (590 boys, 351 girls), aged 12-18 years was selected from the Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a cross-sectional and nationally representative survey, which had had information on waist circumference, blood pressure, serum triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and the fasting blood sugar and community periodontal Index (CPI). The number of positive parameters of MetS showed significant positive correlation with gingivitis; adjusted and crude ORs with one positive parameters of MetS were 1.92 (95% CI: 1.21-3.04) and 1.88(95% CI: 1.28-2.76), respectively. And adjusted OR with three or more positive parameters of MetS was 3.29 (95% CI: 1.24-8.71). Among five parameters of MetS, Low HDL-cholesterol showed significant association with gingivitis (crude OR 2.12, 95% CI 1.20-3.73; adjusted OR 1.96, 95% CI 1.24-3.12). Having more positive parameters of MetS and low HDL-cholesterol parameter had an independent relationship with the prevalence of gingivitis, which may be determinants for the future periodontal diseases even in adolescents.

Polymerase chain reaction as a prospect for the early diagnosis and prediction of periodontal diseases in adolescents.

This study was to determine the markers representative of pathogenic periodontal microflora [Prevotella intermedia (P.i), Tannerella forsythia (T.f) [Bacteroides forsythus], Treponema denticola (T.d), Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (A.a), Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g)] in the dental plaque of adolescents with various degrees of severity of periodontium inflammation. Forty-patients aged 15-16 years of age were examined using PMA, CPI and Green-Vermillion indices (Müller 2001). The hygiene status of each patient was also determined using Durr Dental's Vista Proof intraoral camera (Germany). The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed using a Biometra Thermocycler to detect DNA of pathogenic periodontal bacteria in dental plaque. All marker microorganisms (P.i.+T.f.+T.d.+A.a.+P.g.) were identified in patients diagnosed with periodontitis in dental plaque. A direct correlation between the level of oral hygiene and the severity of the pathological process in it was determined. It was found that the increase in the severity of the disease was accompanied by increased pathogenic periodontal microflora in dental plaque. Identification of periodontal pathogens in dental plaque by PCR greatly enhances the early diagnosis of Cronic cattaral gingivitis (CCG) risk factors in adolescents, and allows for detailed analysis of the relation between each factor and severity of the process. This method may be used for the diagnosis of periodontal diseases, prediction of their future course, and reasonable choice of antimicrobial therapy.

Mapping of Adolescents with Gingivitis and Dental Calculus in Jequitinhonha Valley, Brazil

Application of GIS techniques in oral epidemiology Periodontal disease studies in adolescents have shown considerable results. The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of periodontal disease in adolescents living in Jequitinhonha Valley, State of Minas Gerais, South-Eastern Brazil.For this study, geoprocessing technology was used to elaborate qParte superior do formuláriParte inferior do formuláriouantitative and qualitative coropletic maps, in which it was possible to associate colour grading with Communitary Periodontal Index (CPI) variables drawn from a previous cross-sectional study (UFMG’s Dentistry College, 2010). The study selected 13 cities of Jequitinhonha Valley, considering its population size and performance of oral health services.

Common periodontal diseases of children and adolescents.

Background. Since 2000, studies, experiments, and clinical observations revealed high prevalence of periodontal diseases among children and adolescents. Therefore, this paper was designed to provide an update for dental practitioners on epidemiology, microbiology, pathology, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of periodontal diseases in children and adolescents. Methods. This paper reviews the current literature concerning periodontal diseases in pediatric dentistry. It includes MEDLINE database search using key terms: “periodontal diseases in children,” “Periodontal diseasesin adolescents,” “periodontal diseases risk factors,” “microbiology of periodontal diseases,” “classification of periodontal diseases,” “epidemiology of periodontal diseases,” and “treatment of periodontal diseases.” Articles were evaluated by title and/or abstract and relevance to pediatric dentistry. Sixty-five citations were selected by this method and by the references within the chosen articles. A review of the comprehensive textbooks on pediatric dentistry and periodontology was done. Some recommendations were based on the opinions of experienced researchers and clinicians, when data were inconclusive.

Perceptions of seriousness regarding symptoms of periodontal disease in adolescents age 18 years old

Introduction: Perception is the process of object observations about something using the five senses. Everyone has a different perception of the same object, although in this case are the symptoms of periodontal disease. The purpose of this study is to determine the self-perception of the seriousness of the symptoms of periodontal disease in adolescents aged 18 years SMAN 8 Bandung. Methods: This study was a descriptive study with a survey method. The methods used in sampling is a method of random sampling technique. Sample studied was 18-year-old teenager in Senior High School 8 Bandung students. as much as 148 student. Results: The results shows that respondents' perception of the seriousness of the symptoms of periodontal disease to get 555.8.average point. Conclusion: Based on the research result, it can be conclude that on 18-year-old student at SMAN 8 Bandung gained a serious perception of the symptoms of periodontal disease.

Clinical and biological indicators of dental caries and periodontal disease in adolescents with or without obesity

This study aims to assess clinical, microbiological and inflammatory parameters as indicators for caries and periodontal disease in adolescents with obesity. Twenty-seven adolescents with obesity [body mass index (BMI) 37 ± 4 kg/m(2)] and 28 controls (BMI 20 ± 2 kg/m(2)) answered questionnaires and were investigated regarding salivary parameters, plaque pH drop after a 1-min glucose rinse, oral clinical parameters, inflammatory markers in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and sub-gingival mirobiota. Compared with controls, adolescents with obesity had a lower stimulated salivary secretion rate (1.55 ± 0.63 vs. 2.05 ± 1.05 mL/min, p < 0.05), higher concentrations of secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) (p < 0.001), more decayed tooth surfaces (3.4 ± 6.6 vs. 0.8 ± 1.1, p < 0.05) and more gingivitis (p < 0.01) after controlling for possible confounders. Overall, similar snacking habits, plaque amounts and numbers of deep periodontal pockets were observed. Following the glucose rinse, a slightly more pronounced drop in plaque pH was observed in the obesity group (p > 0.05). No differences in sub-gingival inflammatory or microbial indicators were detected (p > 0.01). More caries and gingival inflammation were observed in adolescents with obesity. Of the indicators tested, salivary secretion rate was lower and sIgA levels were higher in the obesity group. We are unable to confirm whether differences in caries and gingival inflammation are due to systemic changes that are associated with obesity or due to possible irregular dietary/oral hygiene habits. Customised oral health preventive programmes and appropriate collaboration with medical personnel in selecting the best diet, medication and psychological support can help improve the general well-being, including oral health, of children with obesity. This may even reduce the risk of oral diseases.

Oral Health Impact of Periodontal Diseases in Adolescents

The need for treatment of destructive periodontal diseases is based on observations made by oral health professionals, who, prompted by clinical findings, recommend treatment. We hypothesized that clinical signs of periodontal destruction have an impact on the oral-health-related quality of life of adolescents. We conducted a cross-sectional study among 9203 Chilean high school students sampled by a multistage random cluster procedure. We recorded clinical attachment levels and the presence of necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis. The students answered the Spanish version of the Oral Health Impact Profile and provided information on several socio-economic indicators. The results of multivariable logistic regression analyses (adjusted for age, gender, and tooth loss) showed that both attachment loss [OR = 2.0] and necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis [OR = 1.6] were significantly associated with higher impact on the Oral Health Related Quality of Life of adolescents. Individuals in lower socioeconomic positions systematically reported a higher impact on their oral-health-related quality of life.

Caries Lesions and Dental Restorations as Predisposing Factors in the Progression of Periodontal Diseases in Adolescents. A 3‐Year Longitudinal Study

The present study used a novel approach to assess the relationship between untreated caries lesions and defective and non-defective dental restorations and the incidence of gingival inflammation and the progression of chronic inflammatory periodontal diseases at the approximal surfaces of posterior teeth and at the adjacent surface of the neighboring tooth in adolescents over a period of 3 years. Two hundred-twenty-seven (227) 13-year-old schoolchildren were examined clinically and radiographically at baseline and annually at three subsequent occasions. At each site the alveolar bone height and presence of gingival bleeding were assessed. Incipient caries lesions, manifest caries, and defective and non-defective restorations were identified at the same site and also at the adjacent approximal tooth surface at all examinations, both clinically and radiographically. The data were analyzed by the multi-level logistic regression and variance components analyses. On average, 32, 8.5, 7, and 10% of the sites, respectively, were diagnosed as having incipient caries, manifest caries, and defective and non-defective restorations. There was a significant association between the presence of untreated manifest caries lesions, non-defective and defective dental restorations, and the progression of periodontal support loss. Also there was an association between presence of defective restorations and manifest caries and the incidence of gingival inflammation. Consistently, factors detected at the involved site and at the adjacent site had significant effects. The present study indicates that untreated cavities and dental restorations are predisposing factors with a significant negative effect on periodontal health in adolescents.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)