Inflammation In Periods Research Articles

Include rare, treatable IL-1-mediated autoinflammatory diseases in differential diagnosis of chronic or periodic inflammation

Include rare, treatable IL-1-mediated autoinflammatory diseases in differential diagnosis of chronic or periodic inflammation

Jaw pain secondary to atypical maxillary torus near the incisive canal: A cone beam computed tomography study

Pain in the anterior maxilla can be odontogenic or nonodontogenic. If it is not related to the teeth, then the differential diagnosis is based on a clinical exam, radiographic exam, and often, on advanced imaging. This case report is based on a 58-year-old male with a chief complaint of chronic pain with acute exacerbations in the region of the rugae of the maxillary central incisors. Clinical examination and planar radiography led to the suspicion of a cyst in the region of the incisive foramen. The patient was referred for advanced imaging. Cone beam computed tomography imaging confirmed the presence of an unusual tori in the region of the incisive foramen that led to periodic inflammation in the region. A differential diagnosis of the pain included pain secondary to a localized inflammation of the incisive canal and nasopalatine duct, and an inflammation of the soft tissue interdental col in the region of the central incisors as well as the benign and malignant minor salivary gland tumors. Because the rugae is attached to the palate, any expansion of the soft tissues in this region causes pain that must be diagnosed accurately to treat the cause.

STUDYING THE ROLE OF ApoE IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE PATHOGENESIS USING A SYSTEMS BIOLOGY MODEL

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. Even with its well-known symptoms of memory loss and well-characterized pathology of beta amyloid (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, the disease pathogenesis and initiating factors are still not well understood. To tackle this problem, a systems biology model has been developed and used to study the varying effects of variations in the ApoE allele present, as well as the effects of short term and periodic inflammation at low to moderate levels. Simulations showed a late onset peak of Aβ in the ApoE4 case that lead to localized neuron loss which could be ameliorated in part by application of short-term pro-inflammatory mediators. The model that has been developed herein represents one of the first attempts to model AD from a systems approach to study physiologically relevant parameters that may prove useful to physicians in the future.

Bronchial inflammation in seasonal allergic rhinitis with or without asthma in relation to natural exposure to pollen allergens

BackgroundNasal inflammation in allergic rhinitis enhances bronchial Th2 driven inflammation and development of asthma. We assessed bronchial inflammation induced by natural allergen exposure during pollen season in patients with pollinosis with or without asthma to show the intensity of inflammation in asthma and rhinitis and possible persistence of inflammation in periods without allergen exposure. MethodsSputum was induced in 52 patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis without asthma, 38 patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis and seasonal asthma and 23 healthy volunteers. Sampling was performed 6–8 weeks before the expected beginning of symptoms, during symptomatic period and 6–8 weeks after the end of symptoms. Sputum ECP was measured by means of chemiluminiscent immunometric assay and sputum cell counts were assessed by classical staining and immunocytochemistry. ResultsSputum eosinophils were on the whole higher in both asthma and rhinitis compared to controls (p<0.001, p=0.003). The rise of eosinophils during pollen season compared with values out of pollen season was significant in asthma (classical staining) (p=0.014) and slightly apparent in rhinitis (immunocytochemistry) (p=0.073). The seasonal rise of sputum ECP was observed only in rhinitis (p=0.006). ConclusionsInflammation of the lower airway in patients with allergic rhinitis with and without asthma has been confirmed by means of both sputum eosinophil count and sputum ECP level. Persistent inflammation of lower airway in periods without allergen exposure was proven in seasonal asthma. This may have implications for the therapy of seasonal allergic rhinitis with and without asthma in terms of promoting long-term anti-inflammatory treatment.