Performance Of Solar PV System Research Articles

Super Capacitor to Enhance Charging Performance of Solar PV System

Abstract: In this paper is to make an internal real time electrical phenomenon monitoring system. This can be achieved by coming up with an electrical phenomenon system, building the electronic equipment for correct voltage, current, solar radiation and temperature readings, and making an analysis information work that displays the monitored information during an easy charting interface. The model could potentially be adapted to service different types of photovoltaic systems to insure proper functioning and data monitoring. Keywords: Super-Capacitor, Solar Panel, PIC Microcontroller, Relay.

The influence of shifting the electric bus charging routine on the techno-economic performance of a solar-powered bus depot

Electric buses consume a considerable amount of energy during charging, which inevitably increases the maximum demand (MD) on a system. We have therefore developed a model to investigate the techno-economic feasibility of solar energy for an electric bus depot. The influence of the bus charging routine (BCR) on the techno-economic performance of solar PV systems was investigated. After applying the BCR, results from simulation software provided the optimal hybrid grid-connected PV (GCPV) system of 850 kWp capacity. The cost of energy (COE) and net present cost (NPC) for this system are 0.434 MYR/kWh and 13.3 million MYR, respectively, notably lower than the existing conventional grid system (0.48 MYR/kWh and 14.7 million MYR, respectively). This optimised system significantly reduces the MD by 450 kW and CO2 emission by ∼38% per year. The configuration based on 850 kWp was designed and sized using design software to deliver 3.19 kWh/kWp of energy per day, and to provide a performance ratio (PR) of 82%. Overall, the GCPV system with the BCR is the most feasible option in techno-economic terms, which can reduce the operational cost and carbon emissions in order to develop sustainable transport throughout the region and beyond.

Experimental investigations for dust build-up on low-iron glass exterior and its effects on the performance of solar PV systems

The performance of solar photovoltaic (SPV) power plants is adversely affected by soiling losses caused by natural dust deposition on the module surface. The size and density of dust particles vary depending on the location. Thus, it is essential to investigate the impact of dust collection on SPV module performance. This work investigates the effect of dust build-up on the low-iron glass surface and the performance of SPV modules. To analyze the characteristics of these dust particles, low-iron glass samples have been chosen, which resemble a front glass surface of the SPV module. To study the holistic pattern of the natural dust accumulation of a particular area, low-iron glass samples have been placed with three different positions like vertical, horizontal, and local tilt angle for Building Integrated Photovoltaic Systems (BIPV) and rooftop PV power plant applications. The mineralogical study of dust particles provides insight in determining the transmittance loss from the glass surface of solar PV modules due to the local soiling loss. Furthermore, the electrical power output of the SPV modules has been monitored at various levels of dust accumulation. Moreover, these findings indicate that natural dust deposition at selected site locations significantly reduces energy generation from PV modules.

Performance investigation on novel MPPT controller in solar photovoltaic system

This paper investigates the performance of solar PV system by implementing MPPT algorithm. The IV and PV characteristics of solar photovoltaic system have been analyzed for various parameters of temperature and irradiation. From the characteristics, the peak power variations with respect to physical parameters have been identified using algorithmic approach. To validate the MPPT operation, the P&O algorithm has been implemented and verified the operation under varying environmental conditions. And also, the same has been compared with theoretical approach in this paper.

Analysis of voltage/current mismatch in solar photovoltaic power plants during fault panel replacement

ABSTRACT In few years of installation, hardly any of the PV panels need replacement, rather than the whole PV array. The common damage occurs due to hotspot/aging/partial shading condition. Moreover, during the replacement schedule, customers are not provided with the same type/rated panels after some years. Since manufacturers of PV panels in order to excel in their market, they update their products each and every year which in turn leads to lesser availability of same kind of panels. There comes necessity to go for an alternate option during panels’ replacement. In this paper, panels replacement in the damaged position are discussed by classifying an alternate option into five different cases based on its type and ratings as follows: (i) Under rated same type, (ii) Over rated same type, and (iii) under-rated different type (iv) over-rated different type (v) Same rated different type. A 3*3 solar TotalCrossTied (TCT) array of 10 W polycrystalline panels are reviewed here for replacement. This paper also features the performance analysis of PV panels’ replacement for without changing position and by changing position. Comparison in all the five cases are carried out based on their maximum power achievement for various values of irradiation. Power losses, maximum power, Fill Factor in all cases are discussed to attain the better replacement. Our paper will be beneficial for the solar PV sector, since we analyzed the performance of solar PV systems when other rated/type of panels are replaced when any of the existing panel becomes faulty.

Techno-economic assessment of 10 MW centralised grid-tied solar photovoltaic system in Uganda

There is increasing interest in solar PV installations in Uganda, however, there is little or no information available on performance of solar PV systems in Uganda. Since solar PV performance is site specific, there is need to provide stakeholders with information that could help them in making informed decision. Therefore, this paper presents a performance analysis of a 10 MW solar-photovoltaic plant installed in Soroti City, in Eastern Uganda (latitude 1°N, longitude 33°E). Energy production data for this solar power plant over a 3-year period between January 2017 and December 2019 were collected and analysed using IEC standard 61724–1. It was found that the average annual energy generation by the plant is 16702 MWh and specific energy output of 1670.2 kWh/kW. Furthermore, the daily final yield, annual performance ratio, annual capacity factor and energy yield per unit area are found as 4.58 h/day, 75.84%, 19.07%, and 121.4 kWh/m2. respectively. Based on the assumption used in this study and approved feed-in tariff, the estimated discounted payback period (9.28 years), profitability index (1.51), and internal rate of return (10.55%) showed that it is economically viable. The estimated levelized cost of energy of US$ 0.1087/kWh, is within range of values reported for similar projects.

L-Shape Propagated Array Configuration With Dynamic Reconfiguration Algorithm for Enhancing Energy Conversion Rate of Partial Shaded Photovoltaic Systems

Partial shading is an unavoidable factor that reduces the performance of solar PV systems. The PV system receives uneven irradiation due to partial shading which causes the mismatch loss. The partial shading distracts the irradiation from the PV modules that makes the healthy modules as idle or low performing modules. The mismatch loss can be mitigated by uniformly distributing the partial shading over the PV array. In this work, L-shaped propagated array configuration method with a new dynamic reconfiguration algorithm have proposed for enhancing the energy conversion under the partial shading conditions. A new kind of array configuration is implemented in a <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$4\times 4$ </tex-math></inline-formula> PV array for the better shade dispersion. Further, a dynamic reconfiguration algorithm is employed to disperse the effect of partial shading. The combination of new array configuration and reconfiguration method is simulated in MATLAB/Simulink® and implemented in hardware. The outputs are measured under all possible shading patterns and validated with the outputs of convention methods for observing the enhanced energy conversion rate of the proposed system.

Performance enhancement of grid-tied PV system through proposed design cooling techniques: An experimental study and comparative analysis

In this paper, two different cost-effective cooling techniques with new designs are proposed and experimentally evaluated to enhance the performance of solar PV system. The first technique is the direct active cooling with water whereas the second one is a passive cooling that uses fins mounted on the backside of the PV module. Besides, an extra PV module is employed without any cooling system as a reference margin for comparison purposes. The experimental measurements for three individuals PV modules have been collected and compared. The results indicated that the temperature of the PV module surface had been reduced using two cooling techniques compared with the non-cooling module. The maximum temperature values are 38, 55, and 58 °C for water-cooling, fins cooling, and non-cooling module, respectively. This reduction in the temperature with cooling systems improves the performance of the PV module. It was found that the harvested energy per day is increased by 10.2% and 7% for backwater cooling and fins cooling modules, respectively, compared with the non-cooling module. Besides, the performance ratio was enhanced up to 84% and 81% for the water-cooling module and fins cooling-module, respectively. While at the same time, it was 77% for the non-cooling module.

An innovative learning approach for solar power forecasting using genetic algorithm and artificial neural network

Abstract Analysing the Output Power of a Solar Photo-voltaic System at the design stage and at the same time predicting the performance of solar PV System under different weather condition is a primary work i.e. to be carried out before any installation. Due to large penetration of solar Photovoltaic system into the traditional grid and increase in the construction of smart grid, now it is required to inject a very clean and economic power into the grid so that grid disturbance can be avoided. The level of solar Power that can be generated by a solar photovoltaic system depends upon the environment in which it is operated and two other important factor like the amount of solar insolation and temperature. As these two factors are intermittent in nature hence forecasting the output of solar photovoltaic system is the most difficult work. In this paper a comparative analysis of different solar photovoltaic forecasting method were presented. A MATLAB Simulink model based on Real time data which were collected from Odisha (20.9517∘N, 85.0985∘E), India. were used in the model for forecasting performance of solar photovoltaic system.

Comparison of U.S. Manufacturing Locations for Solar PVs

The market for solar renewable energy has expanded extensively due to decreased levelized cost of energy and the appeal of zero carbon emissions during generation. Solar PV systems provide low-cost, flexible opportunities for utilizing renewable energy in manufacturing sectors, which globally consume 33% of all primary energy and produce 37% of carbon dioxide emissions. This study explores three U.S. states (California, New Jersey, and Texas) for economic and environmental consequences of mounting onsite solar PV systems at manufacturing facilities. The objective of the study is to measure the effect of various financial incentives and locational differences on the economic viability and environmental performance of solar PV systems.

Energetic and Exergetic Assessment of 50 W Solar PV System

The objective of present study is to determine the energy and exergy performance of 50 W solar panel. Experimental study was conducted in the month of April and May (2016) under Udaipur climatic conditions (24°35′7″ N; 73°42′45″ E). Energy input, exergy input, exergy output, and exergy losses were estimated. Module temperature affects the performance of solar PV system. Owing such an issue both energy and exergy were found always higher in the morning hours as compared to noon time. Energy efficiency was found always higher than that of exergy efficiency.

Effect of Ambient Temperature and Relative Humidity on Solar PV System Performance: A Case Study of Quaid-e-Azam Solar Park, Pakistan

This study synthesizes the output performance of solar PV system under variable conditions. Solar PV output depends upon the weather conditions which varies with time. This research has been carried out by observing the effects of the ambient temperature and the relative humidity, since for module efficiency of solar PV panel heavily depends upon the on these parameters. The primary data has been collected at different intervals of time at Quaid-e-Azam Solar Park located at Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. The statistical analysis has been carried out for correlation coefficient (R) for ambient temperature and relative humidity as 83% and 64% respectively, considering a confidence level of 90%. It is concluded that there exists a positive linear relationship of module efficiency with ambient temperature, whereas, an ordinary positive linear relationship with relative humidity. This conclusion provides an insight to the solar PV designers and the manufacturers in order to select appropriate modules for the selected areas in accordance with solar irradiation, humidity, and temperature level.

MATLAB/Simulink of a Solar Photovoltaic System through Cuk Converter

In parallel to developing technology, demand for more energy makes us seek new energy sources. The most important application field of this research is renewable energy resources. Solar energy is being popular ones owing to abundant, ease of availability and convertibility to the electric energy. This paper covers a detailed analysis of solar PV system with Cuk converter such that it gives constant and stepped up dc voltage to the load. A Cuk Converter is used for examine the performance of solar PV system. Simulink of cuk converter in PV system and analyzing output voltage through MATLAB.

Novel load emulation technique for performance evaluation of isolated solar PV system under varying load conditions

Solar Photo Voltaic (SPV) sources are widely used in present scenario of energy crisis for various applications including grid connected PV plants and grid isolated standalone applications. The performance of solar PV system is highly dependent upon the operating conditions of source and loads especially in standalone applications. The effect on various types of loads on standalone system can be easily analyzed at design stage and testing stage by using load emulation technique, where a virtual load is used to replace actual load, giving more flexibility and accuracy to loading conditions. Here a novel load emulator model is presented which can provide accurate variation in load power factor and THD compared to existing models. The converter decouples the current in to in phase and out of phase components and the in phase component can be regenerated. The model is simulated using MATLABTM simulation and the results are validated by comparing with experimental results obtained by loading SPV inverter with actual load. Hence the proposed load emulator is very useful in design and development of application specific solar PV systems and also for performance analysis of such systems based on various standards.