Performance Of Pervious Concrete Research Articles

Recycling of different types of brick aggregates in pervious concrete

The recent emphasis on sustainability issues in construction materials has increased the interest to examine the effect of recycled aggregates on the performance of pervious concrete. This study investigated the effects of different types of recycled coarse brick aggregates (RCBAs), maximum RCBA size and using recycled fine brick aggregates (RFBAs) on the performance of pervious concrete. This has been done by testing void, density, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, permeability, dust clogging and abrasion resistance. The quality of effluent passed through pervious concretes was also studied. According to the results, the usage of different types of RCBA decreased the compressive strength of pervious concrete, with the highest strength reduction of 55.3% which was obtained for 50% RCBA type A. A larger porous network of concretes by the incorporation of RCBA resulted in a higher permeability coefficient of up to 24.9%. Moreover, using RFBA in pervious concrete produces a much denser matrix and hence provides higher compressive and splitting tensile strengths and lower permeability coefficient. The permeability loss of pervious concretes due to dust clogging can also be decreased at 50% incorporation of different types of RCBA. Furthermore, results showed that RCBA types mainly influence the abrasion resistance of pervious concrete.

Influence of Mineral Admixtures on the Performance of Pervious Concrete and Microscopic Research

Pervious concrete is an innovative eco-friendly construction material. Through the application of mineral admixtures and microscopic analysis to optimize its performance and analyze its mechanisms, its traits as a sustainable building option may be further improved. This study primarily examines the impact of the optimal blend quantities of fly ash, silica fume, and reinforcing agent on the attributes, micro-morphology, and phase composition of porous concrete. The optimal admixture was chosen after analyzing the effects of various factors on the mix ratio and properties of permeable concrete. To understand the degree of impact, performance tests were conducted on the 28-day compressive strength, water permeability coefficient, and porosity. Furthermore, the micro-mechanisms of the admixtures and reinforcing agents on the properties of permeable concrete were analyzed from a microscopic point of view using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. This research found that the advantageous properties of permeable concrete were enhanced by the simultaneous integration of appropriate quantities of fly ash, silica fume, and reinforcing agent. This resulted in a 28-day compressive strength of 18.33 MPa and a permeability coefficient of 8.27 mm/s. Compared with the unadulterated mineral admixture, the optimal admixture of fly ash, silica fume, and reinforcing agent at the same time increased the 28-day compressive strength by about double; the permeability coefficient was reduced by 36%, but it was still at a high level; and the measured porosity did not differ much from the designed porosity. Through thorough microanalysis, the hydration reaction was significantly improved, which could enhance the microstructure and pore structure of the concrete. This was supported by a substantial increase in the macroscopic compressive strength and a decrease in the water permeability coefficient, which were consistent with the aforementioned enhancement found in the microanalysis.

Effect of Fine Aggregate Content on Performance of Pervious Concrete

Effect of Fine Aggregate Content on Performance of Pervious Concrete

Influence of recycled aggregates and silica fume on the performance of pervious concrete

A large amount of waste is produced daily, across cities worldwide. To ensure that this waste is not discarded incorrectly and does not pollute the environment or occupy areas for other purposes, we must find ways to reuse it. This work proposes the evaluation of pervious concrete with construction and demolition waste from a recycling plant. It is a proposal that unites the use of construction waste with the positive contribution of pervious concrete that allows rainwater to infiltrate it. To determine the appropriate mix for high-strength pervious concretes, pervious concrete with a superplasticizer additive, 10 % silica fume, natural aggregate, and replacing natural aggregates with 40 %, 50 %, and 60 % recycled aggregates were analyzed. The following tests were performed: absorption, void ratio, permeability, compressive strength, flexural tensile strength, thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. The performance of the material was evaluated by building an experimental track with pervious concrete made of natural aggregates and replacing natural aggregates with 40 % and 60 % recycled aggregates. With an increase in natural aggregates from 40 % to 60 % in pervious concrete, a reduction in the compressive strength was observed compared to the control. Pervious concrete with 40 % recycled aggregates presented the best results for the properties analyzed. Further, all samples presented values higher than those established in the ABNT NBR 16416/2015 standard for use in pervious concrete in pedestrian traffic areas.

Experimental research on pervious concrete performance with partial replacement of foundry sand nano and GGBS

Roads serve a crucial role in linking geographical areas and people around the world. Road system construction requires additional engineering expertise in the areas of material selection, weight carrying capability, duration, etc. Fortunately the majority of new roads suffer from seepage of water from the top to the bottom, which deteriorates the road's surface. We are creating and putting in pervious concrete to enable water to drain fast. Pervious concrete is a special type of high-porosity concrete utilised for concrete flatwork applications. The fine aggregate in typical pervious concrete is minimal to non-existent, and there is just enough cement paste to cover the coarse aggregate while preserving the interconnectivity of the voids. Concrete is treated with nanosilica to reduce the amount of carbonization duringproduction process. The explanation is that the concrete's microscopic flaws and UV damage to the polymer molecules are lessened by the nano-SiO2 particles. Then, GGBS (Ground Granulated Blast Furnace) is used to protect against both sulphate attack and chloride attack and to acquire strength over a longer period of time in production settings. The major goal of this concrete is to produce high-porosity concrete. This concrete allows rainwater to pass through as well as investigating the behaviour of nanosilica, GGBS and foundry sand substituted from various sources. As a result, by minimising runoff, groundwater levels could be improved. To examine the effect of nanosilica, GGBS, and foundry sand on the quality and performance of pervious concrete, compressive strength of concrete was done in the laboratory. Finding the right combination and proportion for constructing concrete with the right amount of strength while maintaining engineering performance and quality is the innovative aspect of our work. The findings of this study recommends the use of low volume pavements, slope stabilisation and pavement in residential roads, alleys and driveways.

Performance Of Pervious Concrete as A Replacement for Road Curb

Pervious concrete is a well-known type of concrete characterized by its high porosity and permeability. It finds extensive use in road infrastructure, particularly in pavement construction, and offers cost-saving benefits due to the absence of fine aggregates in its mixture. While road curbs are still commonly built today, the utilization of pervious concrete as a substitute for curbs is rarely observed. Therefore, this study focuses on evaluating the compressive strength, flexural strength, and suitability of pervious concrete as a curb replacement. In this investigation, different water cement ratios (0.30, 0.33, 0.35, 0.38, and 0.40) were employed during the mixing of pervious concrete to determine the most optimal ratio and achieve the highest compressive and flexural strength for the road curb. To obtain the results, compressive and flexural tests were conducted on ten curb samples after a curing period of 28 days. The study aimed to examine the diverse effects of the various water cement ratios. The findings indicate a decrease in compressive stress as the water cement ratio increased. Furthermore, the compressive strength of the concrete mix was significantly stronger at a water cement ratio of 0.30 but exhibited a decline with higher ratios. Similar results were obtained in the flexural test, where a water cement ratio of 0.30 recorded the highest value of flexural strength. However, a water cement ratio of 0.40 yielded the second-highest flexural strength. These results emphasize that a lower water cement ratio leads to higher concrete strength. To further enhance the strength of the concrete, several recommendations are proposed, including the use of coating reinforcement bars, adjustment of coarse aggregate size, and the addition of admixtures to the pervious concrete mixture.

Synergistic effect of aggregate gradation band and cement to aggregate ratio on the performance of pervious concrete

The present research particularly focuses to understand the synergistic effect of aggregate gradation band width and cement to aggregate ratio on the performance of conventional PC (CPC) and recycled aggregate based pervious concrete (RPC). Four various aggregate gradation bands, such as GB (22.5–4.75 mm), GB (22.5–10.0 mm), GB (22.5–12.5 mm) and GB (22.5–16.0 mm), and two different cement to aggregate ratios, such as 0.33 and 0.20, were used in this study. The research outcome inferences that the aggregate gradation band width and cement aggregate ratios have a great effect on the compressive strength, density, permeability and macroscopic pore characteristics of conventional PC and RPC. When using low cement to aggregate ratio of 0.20 along with these gradation bands, the compressive strength of CPC and RPC was found in the range of 6.34–12.89 MPa and 5.49–12.97 MPa, at the same while, the permeability of CPC and RPC was found in the range of 0.35–1.27 cm/s and 0.60–1.29 cm/s respectively and these values were also satisfied with in the limits as prescribed by ACI-522R-10. This paper elucidates the consensus behaviour of CPC and RPC from the material perspective that would enhance the utilization of CPC and RPC in the construction sector.

Effects of Solid Waste Reutilization on Performance of Pervious Concrete: A Review

With rapid urban development, natural aggregate resources have become scarce and a large number of ageing buildings are being demolished, which has resulted in a significant reduction in natural resources and a large increase in construction waste. Therefore, the reuse of solid waste, including waste powder and recycled aggregate, has attracted more and more attention. Additionally, as a prominent way to alleviate the urban heat island effect and manage stormwater runoff, pervious concrete has been widely studied and applied. In this paper, the effects of waste powder (fly ash, volcanic powder and blast furnace slag) and recycled aggregate (recycled concrete aggregate and recycled brick aggregate) on the mechanical properties, water permeability, water filtration and durability of pervious concrete are summarized and introduced, and some prospects are put forward. From the literature review, it can be found that adding the appropriate amount of solid waste or applying proper treatment methods to solid waste will not bring negative effects; rather, it would even improve the performance attributes of pervious concrete. Therefore, the use of solid waste in pervious concrete has great potential for urban construction and environmental protection.

Effect of morphological characteristics of aggregate on the performance of pervious concrete

The aggregate morphology plays a vital role in the performance of pervious concrete. This study investigates the effect of aggregate morphology on the mechanical properties and permeability characteristics of pervious concrete. Sphericity was selected as the index for describing the aggregate morphological characteristics using computed tomography (CT) and digital image processing (DIP) technology. Mechanical and single-phase seepage tests and simulations were conducted by Avizo software. The results show that the aggregates with more edges and corners are more favorable for forming an interlocking skeleton. With the addition of angular rich aggregates, the internal void distribution becomes more uniform, the equivalent pore size decreases, and the load-bearing capacity increases. The compatibility of particle morphology has an important influence on the properties of mixtures. As aggregate sphericity rises, the number of seepage paths reduces, the curvature of seepage channels improves, and the seepage velocity decreases. Based on the test results, the mechanical properties and permeability characteristics of pervious concrete can be optimized depending on engineering requirements by regulating the aggregate morphology.

Evaluating the effect of aggregate size, cement content and water-cement ratio on performance of pervious concrete

Flash floods belong to the worst natural disasters and cause serious economic damage every year. Hence, use of pervious pavements in order to reduce surface runoff and allow the water to penetrate the soil is an important factor in flooding reduction. The main objective of the paper is to study the influence of various parameters, such as water-cement ratio (0.32, 0.35 and 0.38), cement content (350 kg/m3, 450 kg/m3 and 550 kg/m3) and aggregate size (2.83 mm, 5.66 mm and 8.00 mm), on the properties of pervious concrete in terms of water permeability, porosity and compressive strength. The obtained results revealed that aggregate size had the most significant effect on water permeability of pervious concrete. When a fixed water-cement ratio was considered, lower cement content provided higher porosity. Both in water permeability and porosity tests the highest values were observed for aggregate size of 8.00 mm. However, the results of the compressive strength test reached the highest value for the mixture with aggregate size of 5.66 mm, water-cement ratio of 0.35 and cement content of 550 kg/m3.

Influence of Using Waste Plastic and/or Recycled Rubber as Coarse Aggregates on the Performance of Pervious Concrete

Flooding is one of the climatic change consequences that has become a dangerous threat to many coastal cities. Pervious concrete is considered a solution to decrease rainwater runoff and mitigate flood effects, as it allows water to percolate through the ground and prevent possible damage. Using waste products as aggregates in pervious concrete not only exploits waste materials and makes it valuable but also reduces the amount of this waste ending in the landfill or harming the environment, and it decreases the demand for natural resources. Infiltration rate test and compressive strength tests were conducted to investigate the effect of using waste plastic and/or recycled rubber as concrete coarse aggregates with different ratios (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%) on the pervious concrete. The results showed that increasing the waste materials in concrete decreased the compressive strength for all ratios while increased the infiltration rate values.

A novel method to predict the mesostructure and performance of pervious concrete

The permeability and compressive strength of pervious concrete are mainly determined by its mesostructures including the pore, cement paste and aggregate. However, most of the current performance prediction methods have not considered the influence of mesostructural characteristics on the performance reasonably and comprehensively. In this study, a novel method based on image processing techniques was proposed to predict the mesostructures of pervious concrete. Experiments were designed to validate the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed mesostructure prediction method. Furthermore, the prediction models of the permeability and compressive strength are proposed using the predicted characteristics of cement paste distribution. This study provides a novel method that can predict the mesostructures of pervious concrete with various mix design without repeated X-ray scanning, reducing the time and cost of trials. Compared to the reported correlation models between performance and pore characteristics, the proposed models can predict the performance accurately.

Effects of Recycled Aggregate Content on Pervious Concrete Performance

A recycled aggregate (RA) was prepared by crushing and sieving demolished discarded concrete pavements and was subsequently tested and analyzed to determine its various physical properties. On this basis, pervious concrete (PC) mix proportions were designed. Coarse RA particles with sizes of 5–10 and 10–20 mm were selected. Concrete specimens were prepared with a water–cement ratio of 0.3, an aggregate–cement ratio of 4.5, the substitute rates of RA with 0, 25%, 50%, 75% and a single-/double-gap-graded RA mix (mass ratio of particles with sizes of 5–10 mm to particles with sizes of 10–20 mm: 1:1, 1:2, 2:1, 2:3 and 3:2). Various properties of the RA-containing PC(RPC) were determined by analyzing the compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, effective porosity, permeation coefficient and impact and abrasion resistance of the specimens. The results showed the following: The density of the RPC decreased with an increasing RA replacement ratio. The density of the RPC prepared with a double-gapgraded RA mix was lower than that prepared with a single-gap-graded RA (particle size: 10–20 mm) mix. The permeation coefficient of the RPC increased with increasing porosity. The splitting tensile strength of the RPC was positively correlated with its compressive strength. The compressive strength of the RPC decreased with increasing porosity. The regression analysis showed that the impact and abrasion resistance of the RPC increased with increasing compressive strength. In addition, all of the RPC specimens met the strength and permeation requirements. This study can provide theoretical support for the application of RPC.

Effects of coal fly ash and fine sawdust on the performance of pervious concrete

Pervious Concrete (PC) has long been used in surface runoff management. But one of its major drawbacks is its low strength. Several industrial wastes apparently contain properties that could aid the increase in strength of PC such as coal fly ash and fine sawdust. Thus, their utilization is a possible solution that could address the low-strength issues of PC along with industrial waste disposal management. This study was conducted to investigate the laboratory and field performance of PC while incorporating coal fly ash (CFA) as partial cement replacement and fine sawdust (FSD) as internal curing agent and filler admixture. Tests were performed in accordance with American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards. In general, the test results showed that PC with CFA and FSD as additives in PC gained enough strength to be considered for field application. In-situ infiltration and strength results showed that the pavement conformed to the typical values for a functional PC pavement.

Pervious concrete: effects of porosity on permeability and strength

Pervious concrete needs to have many pores to achieve high water permeability, but excessive porosity may cause a serious reduction in strength. Herein, it is postulated that the interconnected porosity and open porosity, which can be separately measured, do not have the same effects on the performance of pervious concrete. To evaluate how the interconnected porosity and open porosity influence permeability and strength, a series of no-fines pervious concrete mixes with varying water/cement (w/c) ratio and paste volume were produced for testing of their interconnected porosity, open porosity, unsubmerged water permeability, submerged water permeability and compressive strength. From the test results, it was found that both the w/c ratio and paste volume have major effects on the porosity, permeability and strength. More importantly, regression analysis showed that the interconnected porosity is the governing factor determining the water permeability, whereas the open porosity and w/c ratio are together the governing factors determining the compressive strength. Lastly, the concurrent strength–permeability performance of the no-fines pervious concrete tested was evaluated.

Blending Ratio of Recycled Aggregate on the Performance of Pervious Concrete

Recycled pervious concrete as an environment-friendly and material-saving construction material can satisfy the current development demands of circular economy and environmental protection in China. But studies concerning the performance of recycled pervious concrete are not enough, which limits its application and promotion. In this study, waste prefabricated concrete beams were taken as the source of recycled aggregate and processed by crushing and screening to obtain recycled coarse aggregate. Then pervious concrete was prepared using the recycled coarse aggregate. Taking replacement rate and grain size grade as the running parameters, five groups of mix proportion were designed. Moreover the physical, mechanical and permeability performance and the interrelation were analyzed by tests. The results demonstrated that the 24-hour water absorption rate of the recycled coarse aggregate was 12 times higher than that of natural aggregate, the porosity of the pervious concrete was between 14.2% and 20.44%, and the permeability coefficient was between 0.19 cm and 0.46 cm and increased with the increase of the porosity. The compressive strength of the pervious concrete increased with the increase of the replacement rate. When the replacement rate was 30%, the improvement amplitude was the largest. The compressive strength was improved 35.4% after double grain grade aggregate was mixed, but the permeability performance decreased.

Study on Strength Characteristics of Pervious Concrete Using Mineral Admixtures

Pervious concrete is a special type of concrete emerged out in the concrete world. It is referred as porous concrete or no fines concrete. The porous concrete has wide applications in the pavement with low traffic intensity, sidewalks, pathways, platforms, parking lots etc. Since the pervious concrete allows the groundwater replenishment and prevents the pool of water standing on the earth surface during rainfall-runoff, it helps in the stormwater management. In the present work, the partial replacement of cement with silica fume (SF) and metakaolin (MK) as mineral admixtures to an extent from 10 to 30 % by varying water-cement (w/c) ratio from 0.36 to 0.40 was done to study the effect on the performance of pervious concrete. From the results, an optimum w/c ratio was found to be as 0.38 along with 1.5% of the superplasticizer. The experimental results reveal that the compressive strength of pervious concrete containing mineral admixtures was found to be better than the compressive strength of conventional pervious concrete. Among three different percentage of substitutes used, 20% was found to be an optimum value in both the cases. Pervious concrete with SF as admixture exhibited better strength among the two admixtures..

Performance of pervious concrete containing combined recycled aggregates

This study evaluates the influence of incorporating two different types of recycled aggregates (RA) from construction and demolition waste (CDW), brick ceramic aggregate (RA1) and crushed concrete aggregate (RA2), from the city of Bogotá, on the performance of pervious concrete under compression and flexural strength. The substitution of RA in the production of pervious concrete is outlined, taking into account five substitution levels. For the pervious concrete mixes, aggregates of sizes retained in a sieve of 1/2” and 3/8” were used. The pervious concrete mixes were submitted, 28 days later, to density tests, void content, compression and flexural strength and permeability. Such pervious concrete with RA reaches compression and flexural strength of up to 5,79 MPa and 2,14 MPa, respectively, which are within the allowed range by the ACI, reaching a permeability of 24,79 mm/s, value that is superior to the common characteristics of pervious concrete

Experimental study on the performance of pervious concrete

With the construction of sponge city, the pervious concrete material has been developed rapidly. A high-performance pervious concrete is developed by using cement, silica fume (SF) and superplasticizer (SP). The effects of SF, SP, aggregate size, water-cement ration and aggregate-cement ratio on the permeability coefficient, compressive strength and flexural strength are studied by controlling variables, and exploring the corrosion resistance and abrasion resistance of pervious concrete. The results show that using 0.5% SP, 5% SF and small aggregate can greatly improve the strength. There is an optimum value for water-cement ratio to make the strength and permeability coefficient maximum. Compared to ordinary pervious concrete, the corrosion resistance and abrasion resistance of this pervious concrete are very good.

Effect of granular fraction combinations on pervious concrete performance

Construction projects are now facing several challenges and issues including the sustainability concept both in terms of design and choice of material. The flooding rainfall of some areas exposed to heavy rain make them very suitable for the development of pervious concrete for pavements applications. Pervious concrete is a special concrete characterized by a high porosity volume and suitable for several flatwork and pavement applications allowing water from rainfall to pass through and hence, reduces the runoff and the requirement for stormwater management systems as well as recharging ground water levels and allowing a natural treatment of polluted water by soil filtration. Additionally, its high porosity contributes to its thermal insulation (non-structural walls) and great acoustical properties (for noise/sound barrier walls).This paper investigates designing a Portland cement pervious concrete (PCPC) that suit many regions of hot climate and using different granular combinations of aggregates in the production of pervious concrete. By successfully designing a pervious concrete with satisfactory mechanical, thermal and hydrological performances, the produced PCPC is a sustainable and even more environmentally friendly for pavement and insulation applications. The results showed a high capacity of drainage with acceptable mechanical properties for the pervious concrete designed with various combinations of natural aggregate.