Performance Of Other Students Research Articles

A Comparative Study on Engineering Student's Performance between the Single-Gender Classroom and Co-educational Classroom: A Case Study of Islamic University of Technology

The purpose of this research was to conduct a comparative study to find out which setting performs better between students in the Co-educational Instruction setting and Students in the Single-gender Instruction set. In this research process, the researchers compared the performance of students who receive instruction in a single-gender classroom with the performance of other students who receive instruction in a co-educational classroom. The study population was 756 students of single and mixed-gender streams, classified into two groups (A & B). Out of this, one single-gender male class of 268 students (group A) and one COED class of 488 students (group B) were sampled from the Islamic University of Technology (IUT) in Bangladesh. The research adopted a quasi-experimental research design. The instruments used for data collection were the summative assessment of both groups' first and second-semester results that serve as test instruments. Frequency counts and the Arithmetic means were used for descriptive analysis. The independent sample t-test was used to test the hypotheses. Social learning theory emphasizes the importance of biological, social, and cultural impacts on human behavioral development and learning, especially on gender and genders specific traits and roles. Based on the analyses and interpretation of the data, the researcher found that male students perform better academically in single-gender classes, contrary to their academic performance when mixed with females in the same classes. Thus, single-gender instruction could be a more favorable environment for male students than a co-educational instruction environment.

Praise in the EFL Classroom

This study investigates how praising students’ success in tasks affects the performance of other students who were not successful. Possible and impossible crossword puzzles were used as an experiment to engender fixed mindsets in half of the sample. The average time to complete a crossword puzzle at the pretest was compared to the average time to complete the same puzzle at the posttest. The results showed that students given possible crossword puzzles were able to make significant improvements in the speed with which they could complete the puzzle at the posttest stage. However, such improvements in performance were not seen among the students who had been temporarily primed into a fixed mindset during the experiment through the use of the impossible crossword puzzles. Reasons behind these results as well as pedagogical implications related to effective ways of giving praise and other feedback will be discussed.

Disruptive Peers in the Classroom and Students’ Academic Outcomes: Evidence and Mechanisms

In this study, we estimate the negative spillovers of children from troubled families linked to alcoholic fathers, on the academic performance of other students in China. Specifically, we identify the causal effects of disruptive peers by exploiting the random assignment of students to classrooms and using within school-grade variation in the proportion of children from families with alcoholic fathers in junior secondary schools. Our results show that children from families with alcoholic fathers significantly decrease the test scores of their peers. An examination of the underlying mechanisms suggests that disruptive peers increase misbehavior in the classroom. Moreover, a higher proportion of disruptive students in a class decreases peers’ time spent on homework assigned by teachers, implying that disruptive peers may impact teachers’ pedagogical practices and impede the learning of their peers.

Developing and Implementing a Specifications Grading System in an Organic Chemistry Laboratory Course

Large, multisection laboratory courses are particularly challenging when managing grading with as many as 35 teaching assistants (TAs). Traditional grading systems using point-based rubrics lead to significant variations in how individual TAs grade, which necessitates the use of curving across laboratory sections. Final grade uncertainty perpetuates student anxieties and disincentivizes a collaborative learning environment, so we adopted an alternative grading system, called specifications grading. In this system each student knows exactly what level of proficiency they must demonstrate to earn their desired course grade. Higher grades require demonstrating mastery of skills and content at defined higher levels. Each students’ grade is solely dependent on the work they produce rather than the performance of other students. We piloted specifications grading in the smaller, third quarter course of the lower division organic chemistry laboratory series held during a summer term. Open-ended questions were chosen to gather student and TA perceptions of the new grading system. TAs felt that the new grading system reduced the weekly grading time because it was less ambiguous. Responses from students about the nature of the grading system were mixed. Their perceptions indicate that initial buy-in and multiple reminders about the bigger picture of the grading system will be essential to the success of this grading system on a larger scale.

A política de cotas sociais para o acesso ao ensino superior: o caso das universidades federais mineiras

O presente estudo objetivou verificar se há diferença no desempenho acadêmico entre alunos que tiveram e os que não tiveram acesso às Universidades Federais mineiras via política de cotas sociais. Para tanto, considerou-se todos os cursos dessas universidades que realizaram o Exame Nacional de Desempenho dos Estudantes em 2013. Realizou-se uma análise descritiva para caracterizar o grupo de formandos, considerando como variáveis o tipo de escola e renda familiar. Posteriormente, realizou-se uma (i) análise para aferir se o rendimento no Enade dos alunos que cursaram o ensino médio em escolas públicas se difere daqueles advindos de escolas particulares e; (ii) se o rendimento dos alunos ingressantes na universidade por meio das cotas sociais é inferior ao rendimento dos demais alunos; por meio da representação gráfica, da análise da estatística descritiva dos dados e do teste de diferença entre médias independentes. Identificou-se que o número de alunos oriundos de escola pública e com baixa renda é inferior ao número de alunos provenientes de escolas privadas nos cursos analisados. Além disso, os resultados demonstraram que não há uma diferença estatisticamente significativa entre o desempenho das categorias consideradas.

Virtual bystanders in a language lesson: examining the effect of social evaluation, vicarious experience, cognitive consistency and praising on students' beliefs, self-efficacy and anxiety in a virtual reality environment.

Bystanders in a real world's social setting have the ability to influence people’s beliefs and behavior. This study examines whether this effect can be recreated in a virtual environment, by exposing people to virtual bystanders in a classroom setting. Participants (n = 26) first witnessed virtual students answering questions from an English teacher, after which they were also asked to answer questions from the teacher as part of a simulated training for spoken English. During the experiment the attitudes of the other virtual students in the classroom was manipulated; they could whisper either positive or negative remarks to each other when a virtual student was talking or when a participant was talking. The results show that the expressed attitude of virtual bystanders towards the participants affected their self-efficacy, and their avoidance behavior. Furthermore, the experience of witnessing bystanders commenting negatively on the performance of other students raised the participants’ heart rate when it was their turn to speak. Two-way interaction effects were also found on self-reported anxiety and self-efficacy. After witnessing bystanders’ positive attitude towards peer students, participants’ self-efficacy when answering questions received a boost when bystanders were also positive towards them, and a blow when bystanders reversed their attitude by being negative towards them. Still, inconsistency, instead of consistency, between the bystanders’ attitudes towards virtual peers and the participants was not found to result in a larger change in the participants’ beliefs. Finally the results also reveal that virtual flattering or destructive criticizing affected the participants’ beliefs not only about the virtual bystanders, but also about the neutral teacher. Together these findings show that virtual bystanders in a classroom can affect people’s beliefs, anxiety and behavior.

Desempenho escolar de alunos com fissura labiopalatina no julgamento de seus professores

OBJETIVO: Verificar o desempenho escolar de alunos com fissura labiopalatina sem anomalias associadas e correlacionar os possíveis fatores interferentes, segundo a opinião dos professores de 1ª a 8ª séries do Ensino Fundamental. MÉTODOS: A metodologia deste estudo compreendeu duas etapas. Na primeira etapa foi realizada uma análise retrospectiva de 61 prontuários de pacientes com fissura labiopalatina sem anomalias associadas, regularmente matriculados em classes de 1ª a 8ª séries do Ensino Fundamental. Esta etapa foi realizada a fim de caracterizar o perfil dos mesmos, quanto ao gênero, nível socioeconômico, tipo de fissura, timpanometria e inteligibilidade de fala. A segunda etapa incluiu a aplicação de um questionário com o intuito de verificar a percepção dos professores sobre o desempenho escolar destes alunos. Os resultados foram analisados estatisticamente. RESULTADOS: A análise dos questionários mostrou que somente 20,7% dos professores consideraram que seus alunos com fissura labiopalatina têm desempenho escolar abaixo da média da classe. Não foi encontrada diferença significativa na associação entre o desempenho escolar e os possíveis fatores interferentes, a saber, gênero, nível socioeconômico, tipo de fissura, timpanometria e inteligibilidade de fala. CONCLUSÃO: O desempenho escolar da maioria dos alunos com fissura labiopalatina sem anomalias associadas foi percebido pelos respectivos professores como satisfatório, ou seja, dentro da média, considerando os demais alunos de sua sala de aula.

Does Active Learning Improve Student Performance? Results of a Quantity Theory Game

We describe a game to illustrate the Quantity Theory of Money and test the marginal effect of this game on student learning. Specifically, we compared student performance on a quiz about the Quantity Theory in sections of Principles of Macroeconomics courses in which we played the game and then lectured on the Quantity Theory, to performance in sections of that course in which we gave only the conventional lecture. Mean quiz scores were not higher in the sections in which the game was played than in the other sections. The most striking effect of participation in the game was to increase the performance of stronger students while decreasing the performance of other students.