Erosion wear is an essential problem in the industrial field. When a large number of tiny particles in the fluid medium continue to impact the material, the material will often experience surface fatigue and fracture, which will cause structural damage, resulting in wear or even failure of the material surface. It is first necessary to study the mechanism of erosion wear to settle this problem. At the same time, to deal with erosion and wear, researchers try to solve the problem from the perspective of surface coating materials and erosion-resistant structures. As a new type of material, metal foam exhibits characteristics such as porosity, lightness, strength, and rigidity. In particular, the shape and structure of metal foam itself can withstand significant impact loads, and its energy-absorbing structure can effectively bear and disperse the impact of microscopic particles on the material during the erosion process. This article will start with the characteristics of the metal foam itself, discuss its anti-erosion performance, and discuss its specific application direction, expecting to put forward valuable research on the practicability and performance of the metal foam.