Performance Of DI Diesel Engine Research Articles

Comparative Study on DI Diesel Engine Performance and Emissions using HCP microalgae biodiesel, Mahua oil biodiesel, Rubber seed oil biodiesel and Petroleum diesel

Abstract Energy consumption of the world is increasing hence the prices of fuels are increasing. Fossil fuels are the major source of energy but they are depleting in nature and they may exhaust in future. So we cannot depend on these sources and biofuels can be considered as substitute for fossil fuels, hence lot of researchers are doing extensive research on biofuels. So it is important to study the performance of different biofuels to find suitable one in terms of food crisis and better engine performance. Accordingly in this study the performance and emissions characteristics of Rubber seed oil, Mahua oil and microalgae oil biodiesels are studied. The results of this comparison study carried with HCP-B20, MO-B20 and RSO-B20 biodiesel blends indicates that the performance of HCP-B20 blend is better and emissions are lower compared to MO-B20 and RSO-B20 blends. The higher content of oxygen present in the microalgae biodiesel leads to higher rate of combustion reactions, in turn complete flame propagation and improved combustion. The BTE is lower with HCP-B20, MO-B20 and RSO-B20 compared to PD. Added advantage with this microalgae biofuel is, it is non-edible, it doesn’t require fertile land for its growth. So HCP-B20 blend may be viable for the commercial application.

Combined influence of thermal barrier coating and nanoparticle on performance and emissions of DI diesel engine fueled with neat palm oil biodiesel: An experimental, statistical and energy and exergy analysis

In the present work, neat palm biodiesel (BD 100) was utilized in the compression ignition (CI) engine under the influence of thermal barrier coating and cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles.The optimal factor conditions were determined through statistical analysis using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM), with appropriate input parameters provided. The results show that using a thermal barrier coated (TBC) engine with a 200 micron (0.2 mm) thickness of cylinder liner and 45 ppm cerium oxide nanoparticles combined with 100% palm biodiesel significantly improves performance and reduces emissions.The energy and exergy methodology tool was then used to analyze the various fuel conditions in order to examine the variations in energy flow.The assessment criteria that were experimentally confirmed were an average reduction in specific fuel consumption (SFC) of 0.065 kg/kWh and an increase in brake thermal efficiency (BTE) of 4.07%. The reduction of exhaust gases was seen to be significant when compared to those obtained from an uncoated engine running on diesel fuel, as indicated by the carbon monoxide (CO) level of 0.0916% by volume, the unburned hydrocarbon (UBHC) level of 38.2 parts per million (ppm), NOx of 132 ppm and the smoke opacity level of 10.52%.

Upgradation, product analysis and engine performance of hydrocarbon fuels produced through pyrolysis of thermoplastic polymers with Si and ZSM-5 modified catalysts

Waste plastic mitigation is one of the major concerns for achieving a sustainable environment. The present study reported the conversion of mixed waste plastics into hydrocarbon fuels through catalytic pyrolysis using DOL, SiDOL, ZSM-5, and ZSMDOL catalysts. Doping of Si and ZSM-5 enhanced the surface area as well as improved catalytic activity. The NMR analysis confirmed that pyro-oil contains 8.31–12.61, 17.53–29.12, and 62.38–69.86 (v/v)% of aromatics, olefins, and paraffin's hydrocarbons, respectively. FTIR analysis identified the presence of alkane, alkene, and aromatic hydrocarbons. The mass spectroscopy analysis revealed that pyro-oil contained a lower range (<C12) of hydrocarbon (up to ∼89%) when the catalyst was used. The fluidity properties such as density, viscosity, and pour point were reduced significantly in the catalytic pyro-oil due to the further cracking of intermediate hydrocarbons formed during the pyrolysis. The pour point was found to be the lowest (below -40 °C) for pyro-oil obtained with ZSM-5 catalyst. The highest calorific values of ∼50.9 MJ/kg and lowest carbon residues of ∼0.11 wt% were estimated for catalytic pyro-oils. The DI diesel engine performance showed that catalytic pyro-oils had better engine performance and combustion process compared to other fuels. Also, the emissions of harmful gases such as CO, HC, and NOx were found to be lower than commercial diesel when pyro-oil was blended with CD.

Environmental impact of one-step hydrothermal green synthesized ZnO nanoparticles in DI diesel engine performance analysis using duel fuel

Environmental impact of one-step hydrothermal green synthesized ZnO nanoparticles in DI diesel engine performance analysis using duel fuel

Methyl Esters of Vitis Vinifera seed oil and Al2O3 nano additives impact on DI diesel engine performance and emissions

Methyl Esters of Vitis Vinifera seed oil and Al2O3 nano additives impact on DI diesel engine performance and emissions

Analysis of the Emissions and Performance of a Diesel Engine Using Pumpkin Seed Oil Methyl Ester with Different Injection Pressures

Biodiesel fuel is a potential alternative energy source for diesel engines due to its physiochemical characteristics relatively similar to those of traditional diesel fuel. In this study, the performance, emission, and combustion features of a mono cylinder DI diesel engine are assessed using 20% Pumpkin seed methyl ester (PSOME20) and considering varying injection pressures (200, 220, 240, and 260 bar). The considered Pumpkin seed oil is converted into pumpkin biodiesel by transesterification and then used as fuel. The findings demonstrate that the Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE) of PSOME20 can be raised by 1.68%, and the carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC), and smoke emanations can be lowered, while oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emissions are increased at an injection pressure (IP) of 240 bar compared to the standard IP of 200 bar. The cylinder pressure and the Heat Release Rate (HRR) become higher at 240 bar, whereas the ignition delay is shortened with respect to PSOME20 at a normal IP of 200 bar.

Effects of Hexane Addition in Waste Plastic Fuel-Biodiesel-Diesel Blends on the Performance and Emission Characteristics of DI Diesel Engine

The current study's sole objective is to evaluate the impact of hexane's addition to blends of diesel, waste plastic fuel, and jatropha biodiesel. Five fuel samples have been made in order to do this, including diesel-waste plastic fuel-jatropha biodiesel (D70WPF20JB10 and D70WPF10JB20), diesel-hexane-waste plastic fuel-jatropha biodiesel (D65HX5WPF20JB10 and D65HX5WPF10JB20), and plain diesel (D100) as a reference fuel. Following thorough characterization, studies using spectroscopic techniques such as FTIR, elemental analysis, and GC-MS are conducted. Finally, performance and emission tests on a direct-injection single-cylinder diesel engine were conducted. The density, flash point, and acid value of the diesel-waste plastic fuel-jatropha biodiesel blend are observed to decrease with the addition of hexane. With the addition of hexane, the calorific value and diesel index of the fuel both rise by 0.86% and 12.5%, respectively. In the case of the hexane mix fuel samples, it is discovered that the brake thermal efficiency and volumetric efficiency are higher and the brake-specific fuel consumption is lower. Hexane is added to the diesel-waste plastic fuel-jatropha biodiesel mixture, which results in a 34 percent rise in HC emissions and a 9 percent decrease in CO emissions. Additionally, it lowers by 8% and 15%, respectively, the temperature of the exhaust gas and the fuel's NOx emissions. The fuel sample with code D65HX5WPF10JB20 exhibits the best results among all the fuel samples in terms of performance and emission analyses.

Performance, combustion and emission characteristics of a single-cylinder DI diesel engine fuelled with lotus biodiesel-diesel-n-butanol blends

This present experimental work deals with the investigation of lotus biodiesel with different blends in addition to n-butanol as an ignition improver. The blends start with pure diesel (D100), D90L8B2, D80L16B4, D70L24B6 and 6% n-butanol and L100. The experimental results observed at full load condition (100%) the fuel D70L24B6; achieved the fuel efficiency by 28%, whereas D70L24B6 attained the lowest BSFC; decrease in BSFC of 7%. The in-cylinder pressure was 73 bar for the fuel D70L24B6, After the fuel D100, the maximum HRR was 84.1 kJ for the fuel D70L24B6. The lowest CO emissions were found for the fuel L100, which decreases CO emissions by 17.2% compared to D100. The lowest CO2 emissions were found for the fuel D90L8B2 fuel, a decrease of 5.49% compared to D100. The lowest HC emissions were found for the fuel L100, a decrease in HC emission rate by 16.1% compared to pure diesel. The lowest NOx emissions were found for the fuel L100, but there is an increase in NOx emission rate by 8% compared to D100, because of higher oxygen content in biodiesel.

Ethanol biofuel production and characteristics optimization from wheat straw hydrolysate: Performance and emission study of DI-diesel engine fueled with diesel/biodiesel/ethanol blends

Bioethanol has been classified as the most widely utilized biofuel globally because it helps greatly decrease crude oil consumption and pollution. In this study, bioethanol production improved by 3.6-fold after optimization conditions for commercial Saccharomyces cerevisiae on hydrolysate obtained from enzymatic saccharification of Aspergillus niger to 1% NaOH pretreated wheat straw. 26.0% bioethanol was obtained after 96 h at 30 °C using 10% (W/V) inoculum size of Saccharomyces cerevisiae at pH 5.0 and 2% molasses additives under static condition. After optimization, bioethanol was produced on a large scale, and distillation was carried out, then bioethanol was characterized using Gas chromatography (GC) analysis and 1H NMR. On large-scale production, 1 kg NaOH pretreated wheat straw was fermented with Aspergillus niger to produce 10 L of hydrolysate that concentrated to 4 L using a rotary evaporator. After concentration, reducing sugar became 35.08 mg/ml, then 2% molasses were added, and the final sugar concentration became 41.7 mg/ml. Finally, reducing sugar was fermented by Saccharomyces cerevesiae to produce 1 L of bioethanol. In addition, the obtained bioethanol was blended by the commercial diesel#1/WCO biodiesel commixture with 10% and 20% by volume. The blends of 50%diesel/50%biodiesel, 10% bioethanol/45%diesel/45%biodiesel, and 20%bio ethanol/40%diesel/40%biodiesel were tested as new fuel blends in a single cylinder air-cooled direct injection diesel engine. The engine performance and emission have been recorded at different engine loads and fixed speeds of 1500 rpm. The obtained results reveal that the engine BTE has been enhanced where the engine NOx was reduced if 10% of bioethanol has been added. While increasing bioethanol to 20% by volume base increases the combustion of unburned hydrocarbon and CO emission.

Multi-objective optimization of DI diesel engine performance and emission parameters fueled with Jet-A1 – Diesel blends

This study performed the performance and emission effects of adding Jet-A1 aviation fuel to diesel fuel in a direct injection, single-cylinder diesel engine. In addition, the response surface method was used to investigate combustion, performance, and emissions of the test fuel obtained by mixing Jet-A1 with diesel blends fuel under various engine conditions. Central Composite Design was used to create a design matrix. The input parameters were selected as brake torque and fuel type. On the other hand, the responses were selected as ignition delay time, specific fuel consumption, exhaust gas temperature, COVIMEP, CA50, CA10-90, CO, NOx, and soot emission. In order to determine the optimum operating range of the diesel engine, a desirability function was used. The optimum operating range of the diesel engine was found as brake torque of 11.25 Nm and Fuel Type of A25 by using the response surface method. Besides, response parameters were determined under optimum operating conditions as the specific fuel consumption of 0.257 kg/kWh, the ignition delay time of 1.296 ms, exhaust gas temperature of 367.53 °C, COVIMEP of 8.751%, CA50 of 14,984 °CA, CA10-90 of 95.319 °CA, CO of 264.06 ppm, soot emission of 0.715 (k factor (m-1)), and NOx of 132.279 ppm, respectively.

Numerical investigation of injection parameters and piston bowl geometries on emission and thermal performance of DI diesel engine

Tightening noose on engine emission norms compelled manufacturers globally to design engines with low emission specially NOx and soot without compromising their performance. Amongst various parameters, shape of piston bowls, injection pressure and nozzle diameter are known to have significant influence over the thermal performance and emission emanating from the engine. This paper investigates the combined effect of fuel injection parameters such as pressure at which fuel is injected and the injection nozzle size along with shape of piston bowl on engine emission and performance. Numerical simulation is carried out using one cylinder naturally aspirated diesel engine using AVL FIRE commercial code. Three geometries of piston bowls with different tumble and swirl characteristics are considered while maintaining the volume of piston bowl, compression ratio, engine speed and fuel injected mass constant along with equal number of variations for injection nozzle size and pressures for this analysis. The investigation corroborates that high swirl and large turbulence kinetic energy (TKE) are crucial for better combustion. TKE and equivalence ratio also increased as the injection pressure increases during the injection period, hence, enhances combustion and reduces soot formation. Increase in nozzle diameter produces higher TKE and equivalence ratio, while CO and soot emission are found to be decreasing and NOx formation to be increasing. Further, optimization is carried out for twenty-seven cases created by combining fuel injection parameters and piston bowl geometries. The case D2H1P1 (H1 = 0.2 mm, P1 = 200 bar) found to be an optimum case because of its lowest emission level with slightly better performance.

Experimental Investigation on Magnetic Conditioning of Diesel to enhance the Performance and Emissions of DI Diesel engine

The aim of the current research presents an experimental work for the insertion of Neodymium N52 grade permanent magnets with various Gauss intensity (6000, 8000, 10,000 and 12,000), fixed on fuel line before the fuel injector of single cylinder 4-stroke diesel engine to find its performance, and emissions. By the insertion of permanent magnets, the diesel atomizes into tiny droplets due to de-clustering the hydrocarbon molecules. Which makes the fuel actively, mixes with the oxygen, cause complete combustion inside the engine cylinder. The experimental results showed that with the application of magnets on fuel lines an improvement in performance, combustion and exhaust emissions. The experimental results with magnetic fuel conditioning shown that brake thermal efficiency increases 7.2%, where as the brake specific fuel consumption decreases between (9.6 - 19.3) %, the higher value of 19.3% reduction rate was found in 12,000 Gauss field intensity. The emissions of Carbon monoxide and Hydrocarbons were reduced by 13.33%, 15% respectively. The overall engine performance, combustion and emissions with the magnetic fuel conditioning were improved.

Experimental investigation of performance of single cylinder DI diesel engine fueled with diesel and Kapok seed oil

Efforts have been made around the world toeliminate, whenever possible, the use of liquid petroleum fuels. Under the conditions of the plants of the Indian peninsula, biodiesel can be considered which can produce inedible oil in small quantities that can be developed on a huge scale on secondary uncultivated domain and wastelands. There are ways to convert vegetable oil into diesel fuel. The transesterification method was found to be the most economical development. Biodiesel was made from inedible oils in this part of the research. The properties of vegetable oil have also been determined from the properties of biodiesel, since the property depends on the vegetable oil used. In India, inedible oil like kapok oil is available in abundance, we can convert it into biodiesel. A comprehensive study has been carried out on the preparation of ceiba oil methyl ester (KOME). A study with a transesterification reaction was carried out to achieve the maximum production of biodiesel, for transesterification the concentration of alkaline catalyst, reaction time, temperature, alcohol / oil ratio, percentage of excess alcohol are optimized. The diesels have been studied. Tests have been performed to analyze the thermal efficiency, BSFC. Test results show that, without any engine modification, B30 blend fuel can be used in diesel engines.

Investigation of performance and emission characteristics of single-cylinder DI diesel engine with plastic pyrolysis oil and diethyl ether blends

Plastics usage are increasing day by day and we are yet to get a credible replacement for the same material. The disposal of after use plastic poses a major challenge and best disposal is converting the same as fuel. The major of the advantage of conversion to fuel is not the only disposal but also enable energy to be derived from the disposal of after use plastics. Used plastics can be converted to alternate energy fuel for the diesel engine by the catalytic pyrolysis. With consideration of brake thermal efficiency and running reliability and the consistency, diesel engines are the most suitable for altered with pyrolysis oil. Besides, many oxygenates have higher cetane values and their addition with diesel fuel results in the increase of overall cetane number which in turns leads to higher combustion rate and enhanced combustion with lower emissions. In this research paper, the incremental ratio of Waste Plastic Pyrolysis oil (WPPO) was blended with a constant 5% of diethyl ether as cetane improver and with diesel. A direct injection single-cylinder diesel engine was used for the investigation of engine performance and exhaust emission norms. The results were studied and compared for compatibility with diesel alternative.

The Effect of Biodiesel on Combustion, Performance and Emission Characteristics of DI Diesel Engine

Biodiesel fuels play an important role in addressing issues such as food security and environmental pollution. Diesel oil fuel and biodiesel-diesel blends (including B5S, B10S, and B100S which are produced from the rubber seed oil by supercritical methods) are going to be examined in this study. Engine performance, emissions and combustion characteristics of diesel engine were studied. The results of this experimental research show that the oxygen content of biodiesel helps to improve combustion, reduce ignition delay and decrease a significant amount of smoke density emitted from the engine; however, improved combustion has resulted in a slight increase in the amount of NOx. The results from this study have made contribution to the development and use of biodiesel fuel.

Retraction Note to: Effect of piston bowl geometry modification and compression ratio on the performance and emission characteristics of DI diesel engine

The present study describes the experimental investigations carried out to study the influence of modified piston bowl geometry at a constant speed of the combustion, performance and emission characteristics of a direct injection compression ignition diesel engine. The modified piston profiles, namely hemispherical combustion chamber (HCC) and toroidal combustion chamber (TCC), are manufactured with a baseline compression ratio of 17:1, and the effects of compression ratio (16:1, 17:1 and 18:1) are analyzed. Experiments are carried out with pure diesel for low load to full load conditions for better understanding. With an increasing compression ratio of the engine, TCC piston geometry has shown better improvement in brake thermal efficiency, carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon emissions than HCC. However, a slight penalty in NOx emission is observed with increasing compression ratio and TCC piston geometry. In-cylinder peak pressure, net heat release rate and rate of pressure rise are increased significantly with increasing compression ratio and the use of TCC geometry.

Investigation of the effect of rare earth doped La2Zr2O7 based thermal barrier coating on performance and combustion characteristics of DI diesel engine

In this study, surfaces of combustion chamber parts (cylinder head and piston) were coated with the new generation TBC (thermal barrier coating). Lanthanum Zirconate (La2Zr2O7) based ceramic top layers which have rare element additions such as Yb, Dy and Nd (in the compound of La1.4(Yb, Nd, Dy)0.6Zr2O7) had been successfully produced via APS (Atmospheric plasma spray) method in a double layered design using CYSZ (ceria–yttria stabilized zirconia) as the second material (ceramic interlayer). A single cylinder diesel engine was used at different speeds (1200, 1400, 1600, 1800 and 2000 rpm) and full load for tests. The results of the reference engine were experimentally compared to the results of four different La2Zr2O7 based coatings. The effects of coatings such as torque, specific fuel consumption, exhaust temperature, cylinder pressure, heat release rate, mass fraction burned and pressure increase rates were investigated on the engine. According to the test results, in-cylinder pressure, heat release rate, pressure increase rate, torque and exhaust temperatures increased owing to La2Zr2O7 based coatings. Maximum cylinder pressure, heat release rate and torque values were reached with Yb doped La2Zr2O7 coatings. Combustion occurred later and longer in the whole coated engines. Break specific fuel consumption was achieved %1.26 to 2.6% lower than the reference (uncoated) engine.

Impact of compression ratio and effect of biodiesel blends in performance, combustion and emission characteristics of VCR DI diesel engine

The work has been carried out to use mahua oil methyl ester (MOME) in variable compression ratio (VCR) engine with three compression ratios (CR) 17:1, 17.5:1 and 18:1 was used for the experiment. Also the blend ratios are (M10, M20 and M30) mahua biodiesel blends at zero to maximum load with a constant speed 1500 rpm. The MOME properties are identical to diesel. The characteristics that means brake thermal efficiency (BTE), specific fuel consumption (SFC), hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), smoke, cylinder pressure (CP) and heat release rate (HRR) were superior at CR 18:1 and the blend B20, but considering the engine vibration and noise of the CR is limited to a value of 18:1.

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Effect of piston bowl geometry modification and compression ratio on the performance and emission characteristics of DI diesel engine

The present study describes the experimental investigations carried out to study the influence of modified piston bowl geometry at a constant speed of the combustion, performance and emission characteristics of a direct injection compression ignition diesel engine. The modified piston profiles, namely hemispherical combustion chamber (HCC) and toroidal combustion chamber (TCC), are manufactured with a baseline compression ratio of 17:1, and the effects of compression ratio (16:1, 17:1 and 18:1) are analyzed. Experiments are carried out with pure diesel for low load to full load conditions for better understanding. With an increasing compression ratio of the engine, TCC piston geometry has shown better improvement in brake thermal efficiency, carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon emissions than HCC. However, a slight penalty in NOx emission is observed with increasing compression ratio and TCC piston geometry. In-cylinder peak pressure, net heat release rate and rate of pressure rise are increased significantly with increasing compression ratio and the use of TCC geometry.

Effect of several types of bio-diesels and their mixtures on the combustion, performance, and emission characteristics of DI diesel engine

ABSTRACT This study aims to evaluate the impact of blending castor oil methyl ester with lower viscus biodiesel which is manufactured from waste cooking oil (WCOB) on the combustion, performance, and emission characteristics for four-stroke DI diesel engine. Two types of biodiesel fuel were produced on a laboratory-scale. Castor oil methyl ester was mixed with WCOB to enhance its physical properties. The blends were tested at constant engine speed at various loads. The results obtained from this study show that mixing WCOB oil methyl ester with castor biodiesel can slightly enhance the engine characteristics. In-cylinder pressure increases by 1.9% when using the mixture blends compared to castor biodiesel blends. NOx levels enhanced by 12%, and CO emission levels decreased by 27.6% using mixed-blend. The recommended fuel is mixing castor and waste cooking biodiesels with 15% for each of them with 70% of diesel fuel, this fuel has been noticed to give enhancements in almost all engine parameters.