Performance Anode Material For Lithium-ion Batteries Research Articles

Theoretical prediction of B5C8 monolayer as a high-performance anode material for lithium-ion batteries

The demand for high-performance energy storage systems has stimulated intensive research on high-performance electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Two-dimensional (2D) materials have emerged as promising candidates for anode materials due to their unique structural and physicochemical properties. Based on first-principles calculations, we propose a 2D material, B5C8 monolayer, as an excellent anode material for LIBs. B5C8 monolayer exhibits inherent metallicity and outstanding dynamic, mechanical, and thermal stability. Furthermore, B5C8 monolayer shows not only remarkably high storage capacity (2856 mA h g−1) but also low barrier energy (0.25 eV) and small volume change (2.1%). More importantly, B5C8 possesses strong wettability toward commonly used electrolytes in LIBs, namely, solvent molecules and metal salts, indicating prime compatibility. Based on the above distinguished findings, we hope B5C8 monolayer can act as a well-balanced performance anode material for LIBs.

Penta-SiCN monolayer as a well-balanced performance anode material for Li-ion batteries.

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) remain irreplaceable for clean energy storage applications. The intrinsic metallic nature of penta-SiCN ensures its promising application in the electrodes of LIBs. Using first-principles calculations, we evaluate the performance of the intrinsic metallic penta-SiCN monolayer as the anode material for LIBs. Penta-SiCN exhibits a low diffusion energy barrier (0.107 eV) for Li atom migration on Si18C18N18, while the diffusion energy barrier for vacancy migration on Li17Si18C18N18 is only 0.006 eV. Additionally, penta-SiCN possesses a high theoretical capacity of 1485.98 mA h g-1, average open-circuit voltage of 0.97 V, and small volume expansion of 1%. Remarkably, penta-SiCN exhibits robust wettability towards the electrolytes (solvent molecules and metal salts) widely used in commercial LIBs, indicating the excellent compatibility in electrode applications. These intriguing theoretical findings make penta-SiCN a high performance anode material for LIBs.

Carbon coated bimetallic sulfides Co9S8/ZnS heterostructures microrods as advanced anode materials for lithium ion batteries

Lithium ion batteries (LIBs) are widely used in portable electronic devices and hybrid vehicles because of their high energy density, long cycle life and environmental friendliness. Constructing bimetallic sulfide have been demonstrated as most promising strategy for prepare high performance anode materials for LIBs. However, the huge volume change resulting in poor cycle life during the change and discharge process was the key issue of transition metal sulfides. Here, bimetallic sulfide carbon micro-rods consist of Co9S8/ZnS core and outer carbon shell (Co9S8/ZnS@C MRs) is synthesized as anode materials for LIBs. Such a well-designed architecture have various advantages including the bimetallic sulfide Co9S8/ZnS heterostructures can generate built-in electric field, which boosting the ion and electron transfer at the interfaces between Co9S8 and ZnS. Moreover, the outer carbon layer can enhance the conductivity, and buffer the volume expansion of Co9S8/ZnS during the lithiation/delithiation process. As a result, combined with the merits of heterostructures and core-shell structure, the Co9S8/ZnS@C MRs exhibits outstanding electrochemical performance. Specifically, it can deliver a high capacity of 591.1 mAh g−1 after 1000 cycles at 1.0 A g−1, and maintain a capacity of 367 mAh g−1 even at 5.0 A g−1.

Composite of Ge and α-MnSe in carbon nanofibers as a high- performance anode material for LIBs

Improving the performance of anode materials is of great importance for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Transition metal selenides compositing carbon and germanium (Ge) have attracted extensive attention. In this work, an anode material that integrates Ge and α-MnSe in carbon nanofibers (CNFs) was first synthesized by heat treatment after electrospinning. The coupling of Ge with α-MnSe and carbon can cause the growth process of α-MnSe to occur inside the CNFs, which can buffer the volume change, refine the grains and avoid particles protruding from the surface of CNFs. In addition, the interconnected conductive network of Ge/α-MnSe@CNFs can provide fast diffusion channels for Li ions and improve the electrical conductivity. Importantly, there is a synergistic effect of Ge, α-MnSe, and CNFs on the anode material for LIBs. As expected, Ge/α-MnSe@CNFs exhibited an excellent performance with a capacity of 1514.7 mAh g −1 after 200 cycles at 0.1 A g −1 and 1030 mAh g −1 after 1000 cycles even at 1 A g −1 . Therefore, this new preparation strategy of Ge/α-MnSe@CNFs offers novel ideas to develop high-performance and long-life LIBs. • Ge/α-MnSe carbon nanofibers were first synthesized for lithium-ion batteries. • Coupling Ge with α-MnSe can help to limit the in-situ growth of α-MnSe inside CNFs rather than at the surface. • Ge/α-MnSe@CNFs showed a high capacity and long-time cycles life for LIBs.

Coaxial spinning fabricated high nitrogen-doped porous carbon walnut anchored on carbon fibers as anodic material with boosted lithium storage performance

Commercial graphite with low theoretical capacity cannot meet the ever-increasing requirement demands of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) caused by the rapid development of electric devices. Rationally designed carbon-based nanomaterials can provide a wide range of possibilities to meet the growing requirements of energy storage. Hence, the porous walnut anchored on carbon fibers with reasonable pore structure, N-self doping (10.2 at%) and novel structure and morphology is designed via interaction of inner layer polyethylene oxide and outer layer polyacrylonitrile and polyvinylpyrrolidone during pyrolysis of the obtained precursor, which is fabricated by coaxial electrospinning. As an electrode material, the as-made sample shows a high discharge capacity of 965.3 mA h g−1 at 0.2 A g−1 in the first cycle, retains a capacity of 819.7 mA h g−1 after 500 cycles, and displays excellent cycling stability (475.2 mA h g−1 at 1 A g−1 after 1000 cycles). Moreover, the capacity of the electrode material still keeps 260.5 mA h g−1 at 5 A g−1 after 1000 cycles. Therefore, the obtained sample has a bright application prospect as a high performance anode material for LIBs. Besides, this design idea paves the way for situ N-enriched carbon material with novel structure and morphology by coaxial electrospinning.

Nanohybrids of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and cobalt ferrite nanoparticles: High performance anode material for lithium-ion batteries

The prerequisite for high-performance lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is an electrode material that offers high electric conductivity, fast ion transport, and large surface area. Monodispersed cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) nanoparticles have been successfully assembled on the surface of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) by an ultra-sonication assisted route at room temperature. The dispersion has been carried out through a dispersive media (i.e. Toluene) for the formation of (MWCNTs)x/CoFe2O4 nanohybrids. These (MWCNTs)x/CoFe2O4 nanohybrids exhibit excellent electrochemical performance at different current densities. As anode materials for LIBs, these (MWCNTs)x/CoFe2O4 nanohybrids deliver a high specific capacity of 1370 mAhg−1, which is much higher than CoFe2O4 (1060 mAhg−1) nanoparticles and superior cyclic stability (1015 mAhg−1) after 25 cycles at 0.2 C-rate. These MWCNTs serve as good electron conductors and volume buffers in improving the lithium performance of (MWCNTs)x/CoFe2O4 nanohybrids during the discharge and charge process. Furthermore, these nanohybrids have shown high rate capability (640 mAhg−1) at 2.0 A g-1 that returns to the initial capacity of 970 mAhg−1 at 0.1 A g-1 after 30 cycles with Columbic efficiency above 97%. This work offers an easy, large-scale, and low-cost route to produce high electrochemical performance anode materials for LIBs.

Novel hollow Ni0.33Co0.67Se nanoprisms for high capacity lithium storage

In this work, homogeneous Ni0.33Co0.67Se hollow nanoprisms were synthesized successfully in virtue of Kirkendall effect. It is the first time for bimetallic Ni-Co compounds Ni0.33Co0.67Se to be used in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Impressively, the Ni0.33Co0.67Se hollow nanoprisms show superior specific capacity (1,575 mAh/g at the current density of 100 mA/g) and outstanding rate performance (850 mAh/g at 2,000 mA/g) as anode material for LIBs. This work proves the potential of bimetallic chalcogenide compounds as high performance anode materials for LIBs.

Hierarchical self-assembled Bi2S3 hollow nanotubes coated with sulfur-doped amorphous carbon as advanced anode materials for lithium ion batteries.

Bismuth sulfide (Bi2S3) is considered as a promising anode material for lithium ion batteries (LIBs) owing to its high theoretical specific capacity and intriguing reaction mechanism. However, capacity fading and cycling instability due to volume variation during the lithiation/delithiation process still remain a great challenge. Herein, we proposed a simple glucose assisted hydrothermal strategy and followed a post-treatment process to prepare hierarchical sulfur-doped carbon Bi2S3 (Bi2S3@SC) hollow nanotubes that self-assembled into sulfur-doped amorphous carbon coated Bi2S3 nanocrystals as building blocks. Glucose plays a decisive role in the formation process of Bi2S3 nanocrystals and subsequent self-assembly, forming Bi2S3@SC hollow nanotubes. The polysaccharide shell formed on the surface of Bi2S3 nanocrystals during the hydrothermal process was transformed into the sulphur-doped amorphous carbon layer after the post-treatment process. Electrochemical tests reveal that the resulting composites exhibit excellent electrochemical performance with a highly reversible cycling capacity of ∼950 mA h g-1 at a current density of 100 mA g-1, as well as a good rate capability and significantly enhanced cycling stability derived from their unique structural features, thus demonstrating the potential of Bi2S3@SC hollow nanotubes as high performance anode materials for LIBs. The analysis of electrochemical kinetics confirmed that the pseudocapacitive behavior dominates the overall storage process of Bi2S3@SC hollow nanotubes.

A new metallic carbon allotrope with high stability and potential for lithium ion battery anode material

Metallic carbon has been extensively studied for its potential novel applications in catalysis, superconductivity, and electronic devices. Currently, the design of metallic carbon is mainly by educated intuition which could miss some more stable allotropes. Here we carry out a global structure search on the potential energy surface, and identify a new three-dimensional (3D) metallic carbon phase, termed Hex-C18, which is energetically more favorable than most of the previously identified 3D metallic carbon allotropes. Using state-of-the-art theoretical calculations, we show that Hex-C18 not only possesses a high thermodynamic stability, large heat capacity, high Debye stiffness, anisotropic elasticity, and super hardness, but also is a promising anode material for lithium ion batteries (LIBs). As compared to graphite commercially used in LIBs, Hex-C18 exhibits a lower Li diffusion energy barrier and a higher Li capacity because of its intrinsic metallicity and regular porosity. In addition, the simulated x-ray diffraction of Hex-C18 matches well with a previously unidentified low-angle diffraction peak in experimental XRD spectra of detonation soot, implying the possibility of its existence in the specimen. This study expands the family of metallic carbon, and may open a new frontier in design of high performance anode materials for LIBs as well.

Mesoporous silicon/carbon hybrids with ordered pore channel retention and tunable carbon incorporated content as high performance anode materials for lithium-ion batteries

In-situ magnesiothermic reduction reaction route was developed to synthesize mesoporous Si/C (silicon/carbon) hybrids with ordered pore channel retention and tunable carbon incorporated content as high performance anode materials for LIBs (lithium ion batteries). The effect of carbon incorporation on the microstructures and electrochemical performance of the Si/C hybrid LIBs anodes is investigated. The incorporation of carbon in the Si/C hybrids not only prevents the ordered structure of mesoporous silicon from collapsing, but also increases the electrical conductivity of the synthesized Si/C hybrids. The as-prepared Si/C hybrid LIBs anode with an optimal carbon content of 7.05 wt%, displays improved electrochemical performance with a high reversible specific capacity, rate capability and excellent cyclic performance, showing a higher specific capacity of up to 1452 mAh g−1 at a current density of 200 mA g−1 after 100 cycles and a high coulombic efficiency of up to 99.2%. The great improvement of the electrochemical performance of the ordered mesoporous Si/C hybrid LIBs anodes can be attributed to the unique ordered structure, large surface area, the homogeneously incorporated carbon in the Si/C hybrids. The synthesized ordered mesoporous Si/C hybrids are promising for potential applications as LIB anode materials with enhanced electrochemical performance.