Percutaneous Treatment Of Mitral Regurgitation Research Articles

Understanding transcatheter edge-to-edge repair "knobology": Advanced catheter steering for different scenarios of transseptal puncture.

Following the introduction in the latest European and American guidelines, transcatheter edge-to-edge repair has become a valid alternative to surgery for ineligible patients. Among the available technologies, MitraClip (Abbott) was the first to be introduced for the percutaneous treatment of mitral regurgitation with the edge-to-edge technique. Although its safety and effectiveness has been widely demonstrated, the optimal procedural results are highly dependent from operators' experience. In this manuscript, we provide a full guide of advanced steering maneuvers of MitraClip in different scenarios of transseptal puncture.

MitraClip™ implantation plus left atrial appendage occlusion in a hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia patient.

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia is regarded as a high hemorrhagic risk condition, and the management of anticoagulation and heart surgery in these patients can be challenging. The authors describe a combined percutaneous treatment of mitral regurgitation and left atrial appendage occlusion in a patient affected by hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia and atrial fibrillation, supporting the safety and feasibility of the procedure and the optimal short-term outcome.

The relevance of tricuspid regurgitation in patients undergoing percutaneous treatment of mitral regurgitation.

Investigate the impact of concomitant tricuspid regurgitation (TR) on clinical outcomes during long-term follow-up in patients undergoing percutaneous treatment of mitral regurgitation (MR) with the MitraClip system. Patients undergoing mitral repair using the MitraClip frequently present with concomitant TR. It is uncertain how the presence of TR impacts the long-term outcomes of such patients. We analyzed consecutive patients with MitraClip implantation from the prospective MitraSwiss registry. Endpoints were all-cause mortality, hospitalization for heart failure, and the composite endpoint of the two. We enrolled 177 patients (mean age 76 ± 9 years, 37% female). Acute procedural success was achieved in 149 (84%). Concomitant moderate or severe TR was present in 31% at baseline and 32% before discharge. After a median follow-up of 1103 days (IQR: 555-1766 days), 70 (40%) of patients had died, and 34 (19%) were hospitalized for heart failure. In multivariable analysis, TR at baseline was associated with an increase in all-cause mortality (HR: 2.34, 95% CI: 1.36-4.03, p < 0.01), hospitalization for heart failure (HR: 3.19, 95% CI: 1.37-7.41, p = 0.01), and the composite endpoint (HR: 2.00, 95% CI: 1.19-3.36, p = 0.01). Despite treatment of MR, TR did not improve in most patients. The presence of relevant TR at baseline was associated with reduced survival and higher rates of hospitalization for heart failure. More research is needed to understand the causal role of TR in such patients and to investigate if simultaneous treatment of concomitant TR may improve prognosis in patients undergoing percutaneous treatment of MR.

Abstract 12016: Surgical Mitral Valve Repair for Degenerative Mitral Regurgitation: Defining the Benchmark for Trans-Catheter Options

Introduction: With the increasing trend of percutaneous treatment of mitral regurgitation (MR), defining the standard of care becomes crucial. The optimal treatment of degenerative MR has to provide excellent immediate and long-term outcomes. With this study we aim to present our results of surgical repair of degenerative MR. Methods: From January 2006 to December 2017, 4195 patients (median age 57 years [IQR 46;67], 68.9% men) underwent mitral valve repair (MVr) for degenerative MR at our Institution. The outcomes were retrieved using a deterministic record linkage with the National Health System, the National Tax Register and the clinical database. The follow-up was 100% complete. A Cox regression model was used to identify factors influencing outcomes. Kaplan-Meier estimates were used to assess survival. Competing risk analysis (CIF) with death as competing risk was used to assess the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events and mitral valve (MV) reoperation. Results: The median EF was 60% [IQR 60;65], 17.8% of patients were in atrial fibrillation and 11.6% were in NYHA ≥3. Prolapse was posterior in 70.7%, bileaflet in 20.7%, and anterior in 8.5%. A resection technique was the most used approach (60.3%), followed by edge-to-edge (26.8%) and chordal implantation (9.2%). Thirty-day mortality was 0.5% (0.24% in isolated MVr cohort). At 13 years, overall survival was 86±13% (isolated MVr 90±10% vs non-isolated MVr 78±22% p &lt;0.0001). At multivariate analysis male sex, age, cancer, previous admission for CHF, NYHA class ≥3, complex surgery, CPB time, MR &gt;1+ at discharge and in-hospital stay were predictors of long-term mortality. At 13 years, CIF of rehospitalization for heart failure was 5.7±0.35% and CIF of MV reoperation was 1.9±0.2%. At multivariate analysis age, prolapse of the anterior leaflet and need of second pump run independently predicted reoperation. Conclusions: Surgical MVr can be performed with very low in-hospital mortality and excellent long-term survival in high-volume centers. At 13-years, in our series the rate of rehospitalization for heart failure was very low and MV reoperation was rare. These results can be used as surgical benchmark for percutaneous treatment of degenerative MR.

Percutaneous treatment of mitral regurgitation: looking for a final model.

Percutaneous treatment of mitral regurgitation: looking for a final model.

Prise en charge interventionnelle de la fuite mitrale

Mitral regurgitation (MR) is currently the most frequent valvular heart disease, and the second most operated valve in Europe. Around 50% of patients presenting severe MR are denied surgery, despite the adverse prognosis associated with the absence of treatment, due to comorbidities and/or advanced age. During the previous years, percutaneous treatment of MR, whether by replacement or, more frequently, by repair, has been developed, providing an alternative for those patients who are deemed at prohibitive, but also, high surgical risk. Percutaneous edge-to-edge repair is currently the most frequently used technique, and is the only one recommended by the European Guidelines for Valvular Heart Disease Management. In the current article, we review the different strategies for MR repair, as well as the indications and level of evidence for their use.

Off-pump mitral valve repair: primary result of treating moderate ischemic mitral regurgitation during off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting.

Treating moderate ischemic mitral regurgitation (IMR) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB) is arguable and difficult. Mitral valve repair (MVP) is the first choice in treating moderate-to-severe IMR under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). In last decade, percutaneous treatment of mitral regurgitation was used in clinic (1,2). Now we proposed and used off-pump mitral valve repair to treat moderate IMR. The left ventricular surface just below coronary sinus was folded. This would reshape the annulus and the left ventricle below the mitral annulus. Sixteen patients with moderate mitral regurgitation underwent off-pump MVP mentioned previously during OPCAB. The surgical procedure is simple. The early results showed that this way is safe and effective.

Percutaneous treatment of mitral regurgitation in patients with impaired ventricular function: Impact of intracardiac electronic devices (from the German Transcatheter Mitral Valve Interventions Registry).

To identify prevalence/impact of previous implantation of cardiac electronic devices (CEDs), such as cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) and cardiac resynchronization (CRT), in a group of MitraClip (MC) candidates with LVEF < 30%. MC therapy is nowadays often considered in patients with depressed left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF%) and symptomatic severe secondary MR. Data from the German Transcatheter Mitral Valve Interventions (TRAMIs) registry were analyzed. Patients with pre-procedural LVEF <30% were selected and divided according to the presence of CEDs. Pre-procedural, peri-procedural, and 1-year follow-up data were analyzed. Out of 689 MC patients, 235 had LVEF<30%. Of these, 23% (54/235) had CRT, 36.6% (86/235) ICD, and 40.4% (95/235) had no CEDs. Risk profile was similar (median STS score CRT 6.0 (IQR: 3.0-12.0); ICD 7.0 (IQR: 4.0-12.0); No-CED 6.5 (IQR: 2.0-10.0); p = 0.8). No procedural mortality was observed and hospital mortality was 5.6% in CRT, 2.3% in ICD, and 3.2% in No-CED (p = 0.5). At discharge, severe MV regurgitation was reported in 3.8% of CRT, 3.7% of ICD, and 1.1% of No-CED (p = 0.9). One year estimated survival (CRT 75.7%; ICD 75.8%; No-CED 78%; p = 0.94) and freedom from MACCE (CRT 73.6%; ICD 75.8%; No-CED 74.5%; p = 0.88) were similar. A third of patients have been already submitted to CEDs implantation at time of referral for MC therapy and 40% of those with severely depressed LVEF% arrive to MC therapy before ICD/CRT implantation. The presence of CED does not impair acute MC therapy success. Mid-term follow-up outcomes are similar in patients with and without CEDs.

Percutaneous Treatment of Mitral Regurgitation with MitraClip – A Western Australian Experience

Percutaneous Treatment of Mitral Regurgitation with MitraClip – A Western Australian Experience

Percutaneous Treatment of Mitral Regurgitation: Present and Future

ABSTRACT Mitral valve regurgitation poses a significant public health burden, with more than 3 million people in the US alone suffering from moderate or severe mitral valve regurgitation. Surgical correction with mitral valve repair or replacement is the mainstay of therapy. However, a significant proportion of elderly patients are not eligible for mitral valve repair or replacement due to prohibitive surgical risk from increased age, poor ventricular function, or associated comorbidities. Percutaneous mitral valve repair/replacement techniques have been developed to fill this void. The most advanced percutaneous technique with the highest safety and efficacy to date is the edge-to-edge MitraClip repair system. The majority of other catheter-based mitral valve repair/replacement devices are at early developmental stages, but have shown encouraging initial results in feasibility trials. Transcatheter mitral valve replacement holds promise to emerge as the leading transcatheter treatment of choice in the fu...

Role of Imaging Techniques in Percutaneous Treatment of Mitral Regurgitation

Mitral regurgitation is the most prevalent valvular heart disease in the United States and the second most prevalent in Europe. Patients with severe mitral regurgitation have a poor prognosis with medical therapy once they become symptomatic or develop signs of significant cardiac dysfunction. However, as many as half of these patients are inoperable because of advanced age, ventricular dysfunction, or other comorbidities. Studies have shown that surgery increases survival in patients with organic mitral regurgitation due to valve prolapse but has no clinical benefit in those with functional mitral regurgitation. In this scenario, percutaneous repair for mitral regurgitation in native valves provides alternative management of valvular heart disease in patients at high surgical risk. Percutaneous repair for mitral regurgitation is a growing field that relies heavily on imaging techniques to diagnose functional anatomy and guide repair procedures.

TCT-721 Four-Dimensional Analysis Of Mitral Valve Geometry Before And After Percutaneous Edge-to-Edge Mitral Valve Repair

Percutaneous treatment of mitral regurgitation (MR) is an option for patients facing a high operative risk. The influence of percutaneous edge-to-edge mitral valve repair (PMVR) on the mitral valve (MV) geometry is not yet clearly understood. We herein in present a novel four-dimensional

The Future of Percutaneous MV Therapy

Novel technologies for the percutaneous treatment of mitral regurgitation and stenosis are being developed and evaluated. Evidence with the Endovalve-Herrmann prosthesis for mitral valve replacement and the MitraClip System for leaflet repair were reviewed in this article.

Percutaneous Intervention for Mitral Regurgitation

Percutaneous treatment of mitral regurgitation (MR) is a promising alternative for patients with functional MR (FMR) who are not appropriate for surgery and are not responding to optimal medical therapy and cardiac resynchronization therapy. Unlike degenerative MR, where repair therapy is clearly preferred, the optimal approach for FMR has not been defined. Challenges for novel mitral repair devices are to demonstrate safety and superior efficacy to medical management in higher risk patients. Transcatheter mitral valve replacement is emerging as a feasible therapy, but requires significant additional clinical trials to define its place in treating heart failure related to MR.

Interventional treatment for structural heart disease: who is deciding, and can we afford it?

During the last years, the numbers of interventions in structural heart disease such as transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI), percutaneous treatment of mitral regurgitation using the MitraClip, closure of atrial septal defects (ASD) and others have constantly increased. While the 20th century was called the century of surgery, it appears that the present century might be the century of minimally invasive percutaneous therapy. The reduced invasiveness of these procedures and the success in elderly patients make these treatments increasingly attractive for younger and healthier patients. Now that these procedures are moving forward, some questions arise, namely, who is deciding on treatment modality, and can we afford it?

Initial Experience of Percutaneous Treatment of Mitral Regurgitation With MitraClip® Therapy in Spain

Introduction and objectivesSymptomatic mitral regurgitation has an unfavorable prognosis unless treated by surgery. However, the European registry of valvular heart disease reports that 49% of patients with this condition do not undergo surgery. Percutaneous treatment of mitral regurgitation with MitraClip® has been proved a safe, efficient adjunct to medical treatment in patients with this profile. The objective of the present study is to describe initial experience of MitraClip® therapy in Spain. MethodsRetrospective observational study including all patients treated between November 2011 and July 2013 at the 4 Spanish hospitals recording the highest numbers of implantations. ResultsA total of 62 patients (77.4% men) were treated, mainly for restrictive functional mitral regurgitation (85.4%) of grade III (37%) or grade IV (63%), mean (standard deviation) ejection fraction 36% (14%), and New York Heart Association functional class III (37%) or IV (63%). Device implantation was successful in 98% of the patients. At 1 year, 81.2% had mitral regurgitation ≤ 2 and 90.9% were in New York Heart Association functional class ≤ II. One periprocedural death occurred (sepsis at 20 days post-implantation) and another 3 patients died during follow-up (mean, 9.1 months). Two patients needed a second implantation due to partial dehiscence of the first device and 2 others underwent heart transplantation. ConclusionsIn Spain, MitraClip® therapy has principally been aimed at patients with functional mitral regurgitation, significant systolic ventricular dysfunction, and high surgical risk. It is considered a safe alternative treatment, which can reduce mitral regurgitation and improve functional capacity.

Experiencia inicial del tratamiento percutáneo de la regurgitación mitral con dispositivo MitraClip® en España

Introduction and objectivesSymptomatic mitral regurgitation has an unfavorable prognosis unless treated by surgery. However, the European registry of valvular heart disease reports that 49% of patients with this condition do not undergo surgery. Percutaneous treatment of mitral regurgitation with MitraClip® has been proved a safe, efficient adjunct to medical treatment in patients with this profile. The objective of the present study is to describe initial experience of MitraClip® therapy in Spain. MethodsRetrospective observational study including all patients treated between November 2011 and July 2013 at the 4 Spanish hospitals recording the highest numbers of implantations. ResultsA total of 62 patients (77.4% men) were treated, mainly for restrictive functional mitral regurgitation (85.4%) of grade III (37%) or grade IV (63%), mean (standard deviation) ejection fraction 36% (14%), and New York Heart Association functional class III (37%) or IV (63%). Device implantation was successful in 98% of the patients. At 1 year, 81.2% had mitral regurgitation ≤ 2 and 90.9% were in New York Heart Association functional class ≤ II. One periprocedural death occurred (sepsis at 20 days post-implantation) and another 3 patients died during follow-up (mean, 9.1 months). Two patients needed a second implantation due to partial dehiscence of the first device and 2 others underwent heart transplantation. ConclusionsIn Spain, MitraClip® therapy has principally been aimed at patients with functional mitral regurgitation, significant systolic ventricular dysfunction, and high surgical risk. It is considered a safe alternative treatment, which can reduce mitral regurgitation and improve functional capacity.Full English text available from:www.revespcardiol.org/en

Transcatheter treatment of chronic mitral regurgitation with the MitraClip system

New percutaneous technologies are rapidly emerging for the treatment of structural heart disease including mitral valve disease. Preliminary data suggest a potential clinical benefit of percutaneous treatment of mitral regurgitation by the MitraClip procedure in selected patients. Until final data are available from randomized, controlled, multicenter clinical trials, there is an urgent need for a consensus among all the operators involved in the treatment of patients with mitral regurgitation, including clinical cardiologists, heart failure specialists, surgeons, interventional cardiologists, and imaging experts. In the absence of evidence-based guidelines, the heart-team approach is the most reliable method of making proper decisions. This study is the result of multidisciplinary consensus activity, and has the aim of helping physicians in the difficult task of making decisions for the treatment of patients with mitral regurgitation. It is the result of a joint effort of the major Italian Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery Societies, working together to find a proper balance between the points of view of the clinical cardiologist, the interventional cardiologist, and the cardiac surgeon.

New innovations in interventional cardiac procedures - role of intraprocedural echocardiography

The field of interventional cardiac procedures is rapidly growing. Since the “first in men” catheter-based implantation of a biological aortic valve by Cribier, the number of transcatheter based aortic replacements (TAVR) exceeds several thousand implantations per year worldwide. Beside this percutaneous treatment of mitral regurgitation (MitraClip®), closure of the left atrial appendage, and closure of a patent foramen ovale have been developed. Whereas MitraClip® procedures require general anaesthesia, percutaneous closure of the left atrial appendage as well as closure of a patent foramen ovale are usually performed without the help of anaesthesiologists and will therefore not be discussed furthermore. The transapical NeoChord DS 1000 system (NeoChord Inc, USA) is a new treatment option for patients with severe mitral regurgitation and prolapse of the posterior mitral leaflet that can be done off-pump. Keywords : interventional cardiac procedures; new innovations

Advances in Percutaneous Treatment of Mitral Regurgitation

Percutaneous techniques for the treatment of mitral regurgitation have aroused much interest in recent years. Percutaneous mitral annuloplasty can be performed indirectly by using devices implanted in the coronary sinus or directly by using a retrograde approach. However, as yet, the results of these techniques are scarce and some devices have a high complications rate. The most frequent percutaneous mitral valve repair technique consists of mitral leaflet plication by implanting 1 or more percutaneous clips (MitraClip) in an imitation of the Alfieri surgical technique. Clinical experience with this device is broader than that with any other. The MitraClip device is associated with improved mitral regurgitation in a high percentage of carefully-selected patients. However, the single randomized study performed to date (EVEREST) showed its efficacy to be less than that of surgical repair and we await the results of new randomized studies that should clarify which patient-type can benefit most from this technique. Other left ventricular remodeling devices, tendinous cord implantation, and leaflet ablation are currently undergoing preclinical development or first-in-human experimentation. Finally, the development of biological prostheses for percutaneous mitral valve replacement is at an early stage. Many promising experiments at the preclinical phase and initial experiments in humans will very probably multiply in the near future. However, the true role of this technique in treating mitral valve disease will have to be evaluated in appropriately designed randomized controlled studies.