Perceptions Of Pedagogical Content Knowledge Research Articles

Perception of Primary School English Teacher with Non-English Educational Background towards Pedagogical Content Knowledge

Basic skills and knowledge that must be owned by a teacher is pedagogical content knowledge. Pedagogical content knowledge is all aspects related to teaching and learning activities in class, for example lesson planning, learning design, understanding of the curriculum, assessment, and mastery of knowledge of the subject matter being taught. This study aims to analyze non-educational English teachers perceive of pedagogical content knowledge, and determine the consistency between perception and implementation. This research involved three non-educational English teachers who teach in elementary schools. The method used is embedded mix-method where qualitative data is primary data and qualitative data is secondary data. There are three instruments used in the study, including questionnaires, observation sheets, and interview guides. Based on the results of the questionnaire obtained teachers' perceptions of pedagogical content knowledge is high. Then the results of the observations show very low data. To ensure the data obtained, interviews were conducted with teachers and the results showed that there was no consistency between perception and implementation. The inconsistency between perception and implementation is caused by the teacher's limitations in developing learning designs, the various characteristics and needs of students, and the general use of English by teachers and students because English is a content subject. Therefore, the implication of this research is that teachers can use technology to access learning resources, examples of lesson plans and designs, as well as take advantage of the environment around students.

English as a Foreign Language (EFL) Teachers’ Perceptions and Practices of Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) in Teaching Reading Skills in Secondary Schools

Improving teacher quality, a pressing concern in modern education and improving instructional quality is becoming crucial particularly in the realm of foreign or second language learners. The purpose of this study was to investigate secondary school English as Foreign Language teachers’ general perceptions and practices of pedagogical content knowledge in the teaching of reading skills to grade nine students. The researchers used a descriptive survey design by generating quantitative data from English as Foreign Language teachers’ questionnaires and observation checklists as data collection tools. In total, 35 English as Foreign Language teachers participated in filling out the self-report questionnaire. To get insight into the implementation of pedagogical content knowledge, four English as Foreign Language teachers’ classroom practices were observed using a structured observation checklist and field notes during one academic semester in 2021. SPSS (IBM version 24) was used to analyse the data. Findings showed that English as Foreign Language teachers’ perceptions of pedagogical content knowledge seems to be slightly above average. The relationship between English as Foreign Language teachers’ general perception and pedagogical content knowledge implementation in the classroom had a moderately high positive relationship (r =0.67) between them. The results from the observation checklists revealed that teachers lack basic competence in pedagogical content knowledge implementation in teaching reading skills. To fill this gap, continuous professional development training schemes should be arranged for English as Foreign Language teachers.

Secondary choral students’ and preservice music educators’ perceptions of a service-learning experience in the United States: An action research study

AbstractThe purpose of this service-learning action research study was to develop and investigate after-school individualised vocal lessons for secondary students aged 14–18 years (n = 15) taught by preservice music educators (PMEs) (n = 12) in the United States. In service learning, all parties should benefit from the experience while addressing curricular and community needs. Therefore, our intentions were to: (a) improve secondary student preparedness for solo experiences, (b) provide an authentic teaching experience to improve the quality of instruction given by PMEs, and (c) develop a mutually beneficial and collaborative service-learning experience. The following themes emerged from the data: (a) perceptions of teaching disposition – such as confidence, interpersonal skills and enthusiasm; (b) perceptions of teaching skills – such as student engagement, questioning techniques and responsive teaching; and (c) perceptions of pedagogical content knowledge – such as vocal anatomy, physiology and pedagogy.

Development and validation of an instrument for measuring Chinese chemistry teachers’ perceptions of pedagogical content knowledge for teaching chemistry core competencies

This study aims to develop and validate a new instrument for measuring chemistry teachers’ perceptions of Pedagogical Content Knowledge for teaching Chemistry Core Competencies (PCK_CCC) in the context of new Chinese chemistry curriculum reform. The five constructs and the initial 17 items in the new instrument were contextualized by the PCK pentagon model (Park S. and Oliver J. S., (2008), J. Res. Sci. Teach., 45(7), 812–834.) with the notions of the Senior High School Chemistry Curriculum Standards (Ministry of Education, P. R. China, 2017). 210 chemistry teachers from a University-Government-School initiative voluntarily participated in this study. The findings from item analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and correlation analysis provide sufficient empirical evidence to support the convergent and discriminant validity of the instrument. The concurrent validity of the instrument was confirmed by testing mean differences among teacher demographic groups. The high Cronbach's coefficient alpha values show good internal consistency reliability of the instrument. Integrating the evidence from theory and data, we documented a valid and reliable PCK_CCC instrument with five constructs consisting of 16 items. This study provides a thorough process for developing and validating instruments that address teacher perceptions of their PCK in a particular subject domain. The valid and reliable PCK_CCC instrument would be beneficial for teacher education researchers and teacher professional programs.

PEDAGOGICAL CONTENT KNOWLEDGE OF TEACHING ENGLISH TO YOUNG LEARNERS: THE DEGREE OF CONSISTENCY BETWEEN ENGLISH TEACHERS’ PERCEPTIONS AND IMPLEMENTATION

The study aimed at analyzing English teacher perceptions and its implementation of Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) of teaching English for young learners and the comparison between teachers perceptions’ and its implementation by English Primary School in Denpasar. This research used mixed method design with a qualitative dominant. The subjects of this research were three teachers from three different schools in Denpasar who taught English for young learners. Convenience sampling techniques was used in selecting subjects and schools. This research used 4 instruments to get the data, namely: the researcher (2) questionnaire of teachers’ perceptions of pedagogical content knowledge, observation sheet to record teachers’ PCK implementation and (4) interview guide. The result showed the average score of teachers’ perceptions was 3.85 which categorized as high with the interval 3.3335 ≤ M ≤ 4.0005. The average score teachers’ implementation was 8.85 which categorized as low with the interval 7.84 ≤ M ≤ 13.06. In addition, the study found discrepancy between teachers’ perceptions and its implementation. Since the perceptions was in a high category and the implementation was in a low category, this comparison falls in a no consistency category. Such discrepancy caused by the lack of teaching preparation, the uninteresting teaching strategy which included few to no media and the monotonous teaching sources. Teacher professional awareness to do Continuing Professional Development (CPD) for English teachers at primary education needs to be reinforced as an effort of quality assurance.

Analysis of technology teachers Perception of Pedagogical Content Knowledge

Analysis of technology teachers Perception of Pedagogical Content Knowledge

Pedagogical Knowledge of Structured Movement Sessions in the Early Education Curriculum: Perceptions of Teachers and Student Teachers

Early childhood education (ECE) teachers have traditionally been trained as generalists. However, there is now a growing awareness of the potential importance of having pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) of physical activity opportunities in the ECE curriculum. Furthermore, several scholars argue that movement content knowledge in physical education (PE) teacher education needs to be revisited. The aim of this study is to analyze ECE teachers’ and student teachers’ perception of PCK in the teaching and learning process of the structured movement sessions. Using a deductive coding scheme, we identified fourteen initial categories and consolidated them into three major categories. The first, the disregard for psychomotricity in the ECE curriculum, can be explained by (a) the perception that ECE is less important than elementary education, and (b) the lack of importance given to psychomotricity by society and schools, which have been responsible for exacerbating this distortion. Secondly, there are several barriers that threaten PCK during structured movement sessions: (a) lack of content knowledge; (b) lack of confidence; (c) lack of interest; (d) lack of training; (e) the non-standardized curriculum; (f) personal negatives experiences related to PE; and (g) lack of context-specific PE teacher education for ECE. Finally, we identified the following facilitating factors challenging these barriers: (a) interaction among members of the school community; (b) personal intrinsic motivation; (c) the role of university training and continuous professional development for exposing teachers to alternatives ways of thinking; and (d) teachers’ feelings of professional responsibility for modifying the reality of the educational context to generate positive practices.

Pengaruh Persepsi Peserta Didik tentang PCK (Pedagogical Content Knowledge) Pendidik Fisika yang Menerapkan Kurikulum 2013 terhadap Prestasi Belajar di MAN 1 KUDUS

This research is motivated by the habits of the students in addition to paying attention to the material presented also paying attention to how the educator teaches, the teaching method is combined with the learning style of the students, the result of the combination is the perception of the learning done by educators. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of students' perceptions of PCK (Pedagogical Content Knowledge) educators who applied the 2013 curriculum on learning achievement in MAN 1 Kudus. Data collection used questionnaire method and documentation, initial analysis by validating the content instrument, and reliability test of Alpha Cronbach. Hypothesis test using simple regression analysis. The results showed the influence between students' perceptions of PCK (Pedagogical Content Knowledge) Physics Educators who applied the curriculum 2013 with learning achievements in MAN 1 Kudus very small, this was indicated by the correlation coefficient r of 0.0467, the coefficient of determination was 0, 00218 and tcount of 0.251 smaller than ttable of 2.045 (0.251 < 2.045) at the 5% significance level with N = 31 and the simple regression model formed is Y = 59.81 + 0.05X

Age is Not Just a Number: Perceptions of Pedagogical Content Knowledge, Transformational Teaching, Student-Professor Engagement in Learning, and Deep Learning in the Graduate Classroom

Graduate students in higher education need pedagogical strategies that prepare them with knowledge and critical thinking for their careers. Research conducted in this area concluded that teaching students how to integrate knowledge into the real-world continues to be a challenge for educators across various disciplines in higher education. While scholars have studied effective teaching practices for decades, a broad definition has not been determined. Graduate students’ perceptions of professor pedagogical content knowledge, transformational teaching, student deep learning, and age were compared to determine the behaviors that influence deep learning in business and education programs in the United States and internationally. A survey was administered to 137 students. Findings show that non-traditional learners did not feel as strongly about individualized consideration as traditional learners. The findings suggest that graduate students perceive humor, learning struggles, and relatable content differently.

French Language Teacher Trainees Perception of Pedagogical Content Knowledge in French Language

Abstract The overall goal of this study was to find out French language teacher trainees perception of pedagogical content knowledge in French language. The study adopted a descriptive survey design. The population comprised of all 415 French undergraduate students’ in the Department of Educational Foundations, Faculty of Education and, the Department of Foreign Languages, Faculty of Arts of a Nigerian University. A total of 108 French students were selected from the population through a simple random sampling technique as the sample for the study. A likert type questionnaire with a four point scale was validated by three experts. Using the Cronbach Alpha statistic, a reliability coefficient of 0.75 was obtained. Data was analyzed using means and standard deviation and a criterion mean of 2.50 was used for acceptance and rejection. The results show that Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) is capable of developing French teacher trainees’ competences in problem solving skills, erases possible misconceptions and erroneous reasoning, simulates the use of various representations and instruction of knowledge and helps in the development of proactive thinking, attitude and self-confidence. It was therefore, recommended that more methodology courses should be designed and implemented to help the trainees content knowledge as well as pedagogical content knowledge so that they can serve effectively as twenty first century language teachers.

A Study on Pedagogical Content Knowledge(PCK) and Teaching Efficacy of Prospective Home Economics Teachers

본 연구는 예비 가정과 교사의 교수내용지식(PCK)과 교수 효능감 수준을 알아보고 이들 간의 관계를 확인하고, 예비 가정과 교사의 일반적인 특성에 따른 PCK와 교수 효능감 수준을 알아보는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 이를 위하여 전국의 대학교 사범대학의 가정교육과 학생 또는 교육대학원의 가정교육전공 학생 202명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 그 결과 대체로 예비 가정과 교사들의 PCK에 대한 자기지각과 교수 효능감은 높지 않은 편으로 나타났다. PCK 하위범주 중에서는 내용지식의 평균값이 가장 높았고, 표현지식과 환경상황지식이 가장 낮은 값을 보였다. 또한 표현 지식과 내용 지식이 많을수록 가정교과의 교수 자기 효능감이 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 표현지식과 환경상황지식이 높을수록 교수 결과에 대한 기대감이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 학생 지식도 자기 효능감의 두 변수들과 높은 상관을 보였다. 또한 예비교사들의 학년, 교직진로선택 여부, 수강한 기본이수과목수에 따라 PCK와 교수 효능감에서 유의한 차이를 보였다. 2학년의 PCK와 교수 효능감이 가장 높았고, 3, 4학년으로 갈수록 오히려 PCK와 교수 효능감이 떨어지는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 교직을 고려하지 않을수록 PCK와 교수 효능감이 높았으며, 수강한 기본이수과목수는 PCK와 교수 효능감에 부적 영향을 보였다. 예비 가정과 교사들의 PCK에 대한 자기지각과 교수 효능감은 높지 않은 편으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 교사양성기관에서의 학생들의 교수 효능감을 증진할 수 있는 교육과정과 교사로서의 진로를 선택할 경우 진로를 위하여 준비할 수 있는 지원 등이 마련되어야 하며, 교원양성 교육과정 중 예비교사들에게 수업실연과 교육 실습의 기회가 충분히 주어지도록 하는 것이 중요함을 제언하고 있다.The purpose of this study was to examine the pedagogical content knowledge(PCK) and teaching efficacy levels of prospective Home Economics teachers. Also of interest were the relationship between PCK and teaching efficacy, as well as the personal factors that influence PCK and teaching efficacy. A survey was administered to students majoring in Home Economics in colleges of education or graduate schools of education in South Korea, and a total of 202 complete responses were analyzed. The prospective Home Economics teachers showed moderately low levels of PCK and teaching efficacy. Among the PCK subcategories, the mean score for content knowledge was the highest, those for expression knowledge and environmental situation knowledge were the lowest. Expression knowledge and content knowledge showed significant effects on teaching self-efficacy, and expression knowledge and environmental situation knowledge on teaching result expectation. As for studentsʼ personal characteristics, years in college showed significant effect: Sophomores were the highest in PCK and teaching efficacy levels. Also, those who plan to become Home Economics teachers showed significantly lower levels of PCK and teaching efficacy perception than those who do not. Besides, the more basic required courses they took, the lower their perception of PCK or teaching efficacy. This study suggests that teacher education programs should develop a program that can enhance prospective teachersʼ teaching efficacy by providing advice and assistance to those students who plan to become teachers, and more hands-on opportunities to practice teaching.

Mathematics university teachers' perception of pedagogical content knowledge (PCK)

Teaching mathematics in university levels is one of the most important fields of research in the area of mathematics education. Nevertheless, there is little information about teaching knowledge of mathematics university teachers. Pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) provides a suitable framework to study knowledge of teachers. The purpose of this paper is to make explicit the perception of mathematics university teachers about PCK. For this purpose, a phenomenological study was done. Data resources included semi-structured interviews with 10 mathematics university teachers who were in different places of the mathematics university teaching experience spectrum. Data analysis indicated a model consisting of four cognitive themes which are mathematics syntactic knowledge, knowledge about mathematics curriculum planning, knowledge about students' mathematics learning and knowledge about creating an influential mathematics teaching–learning environment. Besides, it was found out that three contextual themes influenced on PCK for teaching mathematics in university levels which were the nature of mathematics subjects, university teachers' features and terms of learning environment.

특수교육교사의 교수내용지식(PCK)에 대한 인식 수준과 영향 요인 분석

본 연구는 특수교육교사의 교수내용지식(PCK)에 대한 인식 수준을 조사하고, 특수교육교사 변인별 인식 수준의 차이와 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하는데 목적을 두었다. 이를 위하여 첫째, 특수교육교사들의 교수내용지식(PCK) 인식 수준은 어떠한가, 둘째, 특수교육교사 변인에 따른 교수내용지식(PCK) 인식 수준에는 차이가 있는가, 셋째, 특수교육교사들의 교수내용지식(PCK) 인식에 영향을 미치는 요인은 무엇인가로 연구문제를 설정하였다. 이와 같은 연구문제를 해결하기 특수교육교사 212명을 대상으로 조사연구를 실시하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 특수교육교사의 교수내용지식(PCK)의 인식은 보통 수준으로 나타났으며, 영역별로는 학생지식이 가장 높았으며, 교수법지식, 표현지식, 교육과정지식, 내용지식, 평가지식의 순으로 나타났다. 둘째, 특수교육교사의 교수내용지식(PCK) 인식은 대도시에 근무하는 교사가 중소도시 및 농어촌에 근무하는 교사보다 교수내용지식(PCK)에 대한 인식이 높았고, 경력15년 이상의 교사들이 교수내용지식(PCK)에 대한 인식이 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 학교과정, 특수교육기관유형에 따라서는 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 특수교육교사의 교수내용지식(PCK)의 인식에 유의하게 영향을 미치는 독립변수는 근무지, 경력이었다. 특수교육교사의 교수내용지식(PCK)의 계발을 위해서는 다양한 현직연수와 경력교사와 신임교사의 멘토링 연수가 필요하며, 각각의 하위 영역들을 함께 활용할 수 있는 연수 프로그램이 개발되어 적용되어야 효과가 있을 것이다.

The Influence of Students’ Perception of Pedagogical Content Knowledge on Self-efficacy in Self-regulating Learning in Training of Future Teachers

This study aimed to evaluate students’ perceptions of teachers’ pedagogical content knowledge (PCK). In recent years, there has been growing interest in the the identification of competencies and didactical capacities for teachers and future teachers. In this context, the PCK has been defined as the blending of content and pedagogy into an understanding of how particular topics, problems, or issues are organized, represented, and adapted to the diverse interests and abilities of learners, and presented for instruction (Shulman, 1987). PCK includes the representation of concepts, pedagogical techniques, knowledge of what makes concepts difficult or easy to learn, knowledge of students’ prior knowledge and theories of epistemology. Grossman (1990) distinguish four general areas of teacher knowledge that can be seen as the cornerstones of the emerging work on professional knowledge for teaching: general pedagogical knowledge, knowledge of context, subject matter knowledge and PCK (Syh-Jong Jang, 2010). Therefore, our approach aims to highlight the influence of students’ perception regarding their teachers’ level of PCK, the level of cooperation between teacher and student and academic specialization (human and social sciences vs. mathematical sciences) on self-efficacy in self-regulating learning.