Perception Of Parental Attitudes Research Articles

Perception of Parental Attitudes and Self-Efficacy in Refusing Alcohol Drinking and Smoking by Spanish Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study

Adolescents are particularly vulnerable to initiation of the use of substances harmful to health, and its increase is cause for concern. The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between self-efficacy in refusing alcohol and the attitude of adolescents toward drugs and their perception of their parents' attitude toward refusal. The study was carried out in 2019 in a sample of 1287 students from 11 public high schools in the province of Almería (Spain). Students were aged 14 to 18 in their 3rd and 4th year of compulsory secondary education. The Drinking Refusal Self-Efficacy Questionnaire-Revised Adolescent version (DRSEQ-RA), Attitudes Toward Taking Drugs-Basic BIP Scale and the Parents' attitudes Toward Drug Use were administered. The results showed that family relationships seem to have a direct impact on adolescent patterns in smoking and drinking alcohol. However, a favorable attitude toward drugs is a risk factor for drinking alcohol and smoking tobacco. The self-efficacy dimension also acts as a protective factor against the probability of using alcohol or tobacco. The conclusions emphasized that communication within the family core can increase or decrease the risk of adolescents using substances harmful to health.

Parent-child communication about sexual issues in Zambia: a cross sectional study of adolescent girls and their parents

BackgroundParent-child communication about sexual issues can reduce risky sexual behaviour amongst adolescents. Risky sexual behaviour is of concern in sub-Saharan Africa where the prevalence of early pregnancy, unsafe abortion and HIV are high. Parent-child communication about sexual issues presents a feasible approach for reducing sexual risk amongst adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa but limited research exists from the region. This study from Zambia examines the sociodemographic and psychosocial factors that are associated with whether parents communicate with their daughters about sexual issues.MethodsData from a cluster randomized controlled trial examining the effect of interventions aiming to reduce teenage pregnancy and school drop out in Zambia was used. The data was collected between January–July in 2018 and consists of structured, face to face interviews with 4343 adolescent girls and 3878 parents. Cross sectional analyses examined the associations between parent-child communication about sexual issues and sociodemographic and psychosocial characteristics using univariate and multivariable logistic regression models.ResultsAdolescent girls who felt connected to their parents and those who perceived their parents to be comfortable in communicating about sex, were more likely to speak to their parents about sexual issues than those who did not (AOR 1.23, 95% CI 1.01–1.52; and AOR 2.94, 95% CI 2.45–3.54, respectively). Girls whose parents used fear-based communication about sexual issues, and those who perceived their parents as being opposed to education about contraception, were less likely to communicate with their parents about sex than those who did not (AOR 0.76, 95% CI 0.65–0.89; and AOR 0.76, 95% CI 0.63–0.91, respectively). Girls enrolled in school were less likely to communicate with their parents about sex than those out of school (AOR 0.56, 95% CI 0.44–0.71).ConclusionParenting style, children’s perception of parental attitudes and parental communication styles are associated with whether parents and children communicate about sexual issues. This may imply that parents can improve the chances of communicating with their children about sex by conveying non-judgemental attitudes, using open communication styles with neutral messages and appearing comfortable whilst displaying positive attitudes towards communication around sex and contraceptive use.Trial registrationISRCTN registry: ISRCTN12727868, (4 March 2016).

Perceção de atitudes parentais e problemsa de comportamento nos adolescentes

Introducao: O papel desempenhado pelas atitudes educativas parentais no desenvolvimento e comportamento na adolescencia tem sido amplamente suportado, surgindo um interesse pela sua pesquisa nao so enquanto fator protetor, mas tambem como fator de risco para alguns desvios e problemas de saude mental. A presente investigacao foi concebida com o intuito de analisar a associacao entre as percecoes das atitudes parentais e a manifestacao de problemas de comportamento no adolescente, pretendendo contribuir com subsidios para a melhoria do conhecimento dos profissionais (de saude e em escolas) que trabalham com adolescentes e seus pais. Metodologia: A qualidade das atitudes dos pais foi considerada a partir da intensidade das percecoes do afeto e das praticas parentais, enquanto a esfera comportamental incluiu comportamentos, de natureza internalizada e externalizada, reportados pelos adolescentes sobre as suas proprias acoes e sentimentos. O protocolo de recolha de dados e composto por um questionario de caracterizacao sociodemografica (tendo em consideracao variaveis demograficas como a idade, sexo, localidade de residencia, reprovacoes, coabitacao e nivel socioeconomico), pela adaptacao portuguesa do Youth Self-Report (YSR) e pelo Inventario de Percecoes adolescentes (IPA) adaptado por Fleming em 1997. A amostra incluiu 409 adolescentes de ambos os sexos, com idades compreendidas entre os 12 e os 19 anos (M = 14.93), de varias escolas e instituicoes dos distritos de Portalegre e de Evora. Resultados: Os resultados sugerem, de um modo geral, que as percecoes positivas dos adolescentes sobre as atitudes parentais se relacionam inversamente com a manifestacao de problemas de comportamento nas suas duas dimensoes, internalizados e externalizados. Foram encontradas diferencas significativas em funcao da idade e do sexo. Conclusoes: Sao referidas implicacoes em termos de intervencao dos profissionais com os adolescentes e principalmente com os seus pais.

Three year trends in e-cigarettes among Midwestern middle school age youth

ABSTRACT Background: Middle school age youth are increasing their use of e-cigarettes, which creates a major public health concern. However, more research examining e-cigarette use in this age group is needed. Methods: The current study examines trends in e-cigarette use, perceptions of parental attitudes regarding e-cigarettes, and sibling use over a three-year period (Fall 2016 to Spring 2019) and how these rates compared to other substances (traditional tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana) within time in a sample of middle school age youth residing in the Midwest United States. Results: Findings indicate an increase in youth endorsing lifetime e-cigarette use in 2018 and 2019, with percentages of youth reporting e-cigarette use higher than traditional tobacco use and marijuana use. Further, more youth are indicating more favorable parental attitudes regarding their use of e-cigarettes in 2018 and 2019, with similar perceptions of parental attitudes regarding alcohol use. The percentage of youth who endorsed sibling use of e-cigarettes did not change over the three years. Conclusions: Findings suggest that more work is needed to prevent the initiation of e-cigarettes among middle school age youth, and one avenue may include parents communicating their disapproval as well as the harms associated with use.

The perception of parental attitudes and styles to deal with stress among the young attending to athletic championship schools

The perception of parental attitudes and styles to deal with stress among the young attending to athletic championship schools

A RETROSPECTIVE PICTURE OF PARENTAL ATTITUDES IN INCARCERATED MALE RECIDIVISTS

The article discusses the issue of perception of parental attitudes in male recidivists compared to the reference group of males without criminal record. Responders answered questions from the PCR questionnaire, regarding the behavior of their mothers and fathers in relation to them, before they were 12 years old. It is a retrospective image of the attitudes of their parents, whose content depends on the global assessment of those attitudes with a strong impact on interpersonal views. A retrospective image of the attitudes of the parents is a kind of cognitive pattern that can influence current perception of the surrounding world. That perception is one of the elements of the assessment of the development of human cognitive structures. The obtained results of particular categories of parental attitudes perception, i.e. loving, rejecting, protecting, and liberal of the father and mother, have been subsequently subjected to statistical analysis. The aim of that analysis was to obtain an answer to the question whether the arithmetic means of those categories differentiated the compared groups in a statistically significant way.

Family influences on the use of e-cigarettes

ABSTRACTE-cigarette use among adolescents continues to rise. However, little research has examined factors that influence adolescent e-cigarette use. The goal of the current study was to better understand family influences (i.e., perceptions of parental attitudes and sibling use) of e-cigarette use and determine how these influences on e-cigarette use compared to their influence on other substances (i.e., alcohol, traditional tobacco, and marijuana). A sample of 279 9th to 12th graders completed surveys, and results indicated that adolescents perceive that their parents feel that e-cigarettes are less wrong than traditional tobacco use and similarly wrong to marijuana use. Siblings used traditional tobacco at a higher rate than e-cigarettes and marijuana, which siblings have used at similar rates. Alcohol was perceived to be the substance that parents felt was least wrong to use and the most used substance by siblings. Perceptions of parental attitudes toward substances were related to adolescent use of all substances. Sibling use was positively associated with traditional tobacco, e-cigarette, and marijuana use, but not alcohol use. Thus, it appears that adolescent e-cigarette use is influenced by both parental attitudes and sibling use.

Children's perception of parental attitudes: Russia-Kyrgyzstan cross-cultural study

The article presents the results of a cross-cultural analysis of the perception of parental attitude by children and adolescents. We focused on the indicators of maternal and paternal attitude such as Acceptance, Positive Involvement, Rejection and Hostile Detachment. The Russian sample includes 501 primary school students aged 6.8 to 11.7 years (49.9% boys) and 438 adolescents aged 10.8 to 16.8 years (47.1% boys). The Kyrgyz sample includes 510 primary school students aged from 6.6 to 11.8 years (48.5% boys) and 513 adolescents aged 10.3 to 16.8 years (46.3% boys). Regardless of the macro environment, schoolchildren perceive the attitude of both parents to a greater extent as emotionally accepting and to a lesser extent as rejecting. At the same time, it is shown that cross-cultural differences in the perception of maternal attitude are manifested only in younger schoolchildren: Kyrgyz children assess maternal attitude as more emotionally accepting with positive involvement and less rejecting. Cross-cultural differences in the perception of paternal attitudes are manifested both in younger schoolchildren and in adolescents: Kyrgyz children assess paternal attitude more positively than Russian peers. The results are interpreted in the context of specific socio-economic conditions.

Effects of a Ubiquitous Mentoring Program on Self-Esteem, School Adaptation, and Perceived Parental Attitude

We examined the impact of a ubiquitous mentoring program on self-esteem, school adaptation flexibility, and perception of parental attitude toward child rearing of elementary students from low socioeconomic status families. We selected 23 elementary-school students whom we had identified as high-risk and each student was paired with a trained mentor for 20 sessions of a mentoring program. Ubiquitous mentoring significantly changed the students' perception of parental attitudes about child rearing and their perception of parents using democratic and authoritative styles of parenting had increased after 20 weeks of mentoring. Social self-esteem rapidly declined from baseline to the 20th week and an increase in family self-esteem was noted on the 20th week of the program. A rapid decline in school adaptation flexibility was noted from baseline to the end of the mentoring program. The data indicate that a ubiquitous mentoring program can serve as a support system for vulnerable children. We found that outcomes were greatly influenced by the length and quality of the mentoring and these factors should be considered as topics for future study.

The Relationship between Students’ Self-esteem and Parental Attitudes in Turkish Society

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between middle school students’ selfesteem and their perceived parental attitudes. This study follows a screening model, which utilizes the scales that measures the students’ perception of parental attitudes and self-esteem. This study was conducted on students in nine public middle schools in Istanbul during the 2012-2013 academic year. The Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient was utilized for data analysis. The results indicate that students mostly perceive their parents’ attitudes as democratic. Moreover, it was observed that students had high self-esteem. As the democratic attitude, which is one of the sub-dimensions of parental attitudes, increases, a student’s self-esteem also increases. However, when the parents’ protective demanding and authoritarian attitudes increase, a student’s self-esteem decreases.

Percepcja postaw rodzicielskich a motywacja osiągnięć u kobiet studiujących. Komunikat z badań

Finding the answer to a question is a purpose of the above work in relation to which is the Perception of parental attitudes but the motivation to achieve at studying women. In smaller article a presented announcement stayed from examinations. Which the applied following tests stayed in. Livestock of the LMI motivation to achieve: this tool developed by the team composed of is: Schuler Heinz, George C. Thomton, Andreas Frintrup. Waldemar Klinkosz and Andrzej Sekowski drew his Polish adaptation up. As well as KPR-Roc Questionnaire of the Retrospective Evaluation of Postures of Parents. Mieczyslaw Plopa is an author of the questionnaire. This tool enables to effect the retrospective evaluation of parental postures − individually put the father and mothers. 101 women took part in the examination − of students of Lublin colleges. They confirmed the complex of hypotheses constructed at the work oneself. Achieved results demonstrated that retrospective evaluations of parents were correlating with the level of the motivation to achieve of students. The level of the motivation to achieve slightly is being diversified by the domicile which next in the significant way is diversifying links between the motivation to achieve and the perception of parental attitudes

The Analysis of Variables Predicting Eating Habits of University Students

In recent years, obesity has become widespread in many countries, and individuals come face to face with various psychopathological problems because of eating habits. At this point, researches investigating the solution of problems about obesity and eating habits focus on environmental and individual factors that affect eating habits and the reasons affecting the eating habits and obesity. The aim of this study is to determine the variables predicting the eating habits of university students, and investigate the relationship between the demographic variables and eating habits. This study was carried out among 291 university students (141 females, 150 males). Research data has been obtained by Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), Life Satisfaction Scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support Scale and Social Emotional Loneliness Scale. Correlation and logistic regression were used to analyze the data. Although there is no significant relationship between Eating Attitudes Test scores and dating relationship within the last year and gender, perceived parental attitudes and body mass index have significant relationship. As a result of the logistic regression analysis, according to the Life Satisfaction Scale (p<.01) being in high or low group based on the Eating Attitude Test scores, there is a significant relationship between the lower dimension of “social support from a friend (p<.05) or a special one (p<.05)” of Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support Scale and the lower dimension of “emotional loneliness in romantic relationships” (p<.05) of Social Emotional Loneliness Scale. The findings show that there is a significant relationship between students’ perceptions of parental attitudes and body mass index. In addition, life satisfaction, social support from a friend or a special one with the emotional loneliness in romantic relationships give some clues for determining the problems of university students’ eating habits. For the corrective and preventive studies on eating problems, programs can be developed conducted to the attitudes of parents. To strengthen the social support of a friend or a special friend and to reduce the emotional loneliness in romantic relationships may be helpful for the treatment of students’ eating disorders.

Parental Attitude Perception in Adolescents by Gender

Together with the family structure and dynamics, the attitudes exhibited towards the child plays a large part in the child's personality development. The sample of the study conducted to investigate the adolescent's perception of parental attitudes by gender and age variables is composed of 180 students between 15-25 year-of-age attending highs schools and universities in Istanbul in the academic year of 2010-2011. The “Parental Attitudes Scale” developed by Kuzgun and Eldeleklioğlu has been used in the research. According to the research results; the males perceive their mothers as more authoritarian and protective, while the females perceive their fathers as more democratic and protective compared to males. Together with the increasing age, the adolescents perceive their mothers as more democratic, and fathers as more authoritarian. The results acquired in the study will be used within the scope of the project called “Constructive Communication with Adolescents – Parent Training Model”.

Perceptions of parental attitudes toward body and eating: Associations with body image among Black and White college women

This study examined Black and White young women's perceptions of parental body- and eating-related attitudes and behaviors from growing up and the relations of these parental factors with their current body image. Female undergraduates (97 Black women, 179 White women) completed questionnaires of perceptions of parental attitudes/behaviors related to body image and eating and of their current body image, operationalized as weight/shape concern. Results indicated that perceived parental communication was more strongly related to body image than perceived parental modeling in both ethnic groups, and that there were some differences in how frequently Black and White women reported encountering specific maternal messages about the body or eating. Perceived parental modeling and communication constructs were related to body image in similar ways for both ethnic groups after controlling for BMI. Future research directions are discussed.

Evaluation of the acceptability of a new oral vitamin K prophylaxis for breastfed infants

The aim of this study was to investigate the acceptability and tolerability of the oral food supplement Neokay for the prevention of vitamin K deficiency bleeding in newborns. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 45 midwives in which they were asked 10 questions about their use of Neokay, its advantages and disadvantages, and their perceptions of parental attitudes towards this new prophylactic treatment. During a 6-month period one dose of Neokay was given to 1794 healthy newborns at birth and further daily doses were given to 812 breastfed infants for 3 months. The midwives listed as main advantages ease of administration, no need for prescription or written consent, and transfer of responsibility to parents. As disadvantages, they mentioned possible reduced compliance as a result of the frequency of dosing, decreased parental confidence in breastfeeding and technical issues with packaging. A prophylactic vitamin K dosage regimen of 1 mg oral vitamin K (Konakion MM Paediatric or Orakay) given to all healthy neonates at birth, combined with daily doses of 50 microg Neokay for 3 months for breastfed babies is well tolerated and acceptable to midwives and parents.

Children’s Perceptions of Parental Attitude Affecting Breakfast Skipping in Primary Sixth‐Grade Students

Breakfast skipping is an international public health concern. This study investigated the prevalence of breakfast skipping among primary sixth-grade students in Hong Kong and the impact of students' perceptions of parental attitudes on breakfast skipping. A total of 426 students aged 10-14 years in 4 local schools participated in this cross-sectional study and completed a questionnaire adapted from an earlier study in Queensland. Breakfast skipping was defined as having missed any food or beverage (except water) between waking and the commencement of morning school classes at least 1 school day during the past week. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to explore the potential risk factors of breakfast skipping. Of the 426 students, 130 (30.5%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 26.1-34.9) reported skipping breakfast for at least 1 day in a school week. Multiple logistic regression analyses showed that breakfast skipping was associated with lack of perceived parental emphasis on breakfast (odds ratio [OR] = 3.67, 95% CI: 1.75-7.68) and not believing that breakfast consumption could help concentration in class (OR = 3.82, 95% CI: 1.86-7.87). This study suggested that breakfast consumption habits could stem from the students' beliefs and perceptions. Thus, working with students, parents, and schools to build up positive knowledge and beliefs about breakfast consumption might be useful.

Sexuality Related Attitudes and Behaviors of Turkish University Students

In this study, sexual attitudes and behaviors of Turkish university students were explored by taking many influential agents both at the distal and the proximal levels into consideration. A total of 563 students from three universities located in three cities completed a questionnaire that assessed their virginity status, first intercourse, sexual permissiveness, pornography usage, endorsement of traditional sexual double standards, and the perception of parental attitudes about sexuality. The results showed that women and students from rural areas were more traditional and conservative in their attitudes and behaviors regarding sexuality. The perception of maternal restriction about sexuality was related to sexual conservatism, negative affective reaction at first coitus, and endorsing traditional sexual double standards. The results are discussed in terms of various degrees of influences originating from proximal and distal variables in the Turkish context.

A COMPARISON OF PARENTAL ATTITUDE PERCEPTIONS IN CHILDREN OF WORKING AND NONWORKING MOTHERS

The differences between the perceptions of parental attitudes in children of working and nonworking mothers and whether gender influences parental attitude perceptions were investigated. A General Information Form and the Bronfrenner Parents' Attitude Scale (in Turkish; Güneysu, 1982) were used. The data obtained were evaluated with t tests and Pearson correlation tests. Results indicate that the work status of mothers has a significant impact on the parental perception of their children, in particular how loving or punishing children perceive their parents to be (p &lt; .001). Children of working mothers view their parents as more loving and less punishing compared to children of nonworking mothers. It was also found that gender impacts on perceptions of parents as punishing (p &lt; .05). Girls scored higher than boys in perceiving both their mothers and fathers as punishing (p &lt; .05). Moreover, a positive and significant relationship between the perceptions of mothers and fathers was observed (p &lt; .001). In other words, children who perceive their mothers as loving perceive their fathers as loving, and children who perceive their mothers as punishing view their fathers the same way.

Extracurricular involvement among affluent youth: a scapegoat for "ubiquitous achievement pressures"?

It has been suggested that over-scheduling of upper-class youth might underlie the high distress and substance use documented among them. This assumption was tested by considering suburban 8th graders' involvement in different activities along with their perceptions of parental attitudes toward achievement. Results indicated negligible evidence for deleterious effects of high extracurricular involvement per se. Far more strongly implicated was perceived parent criticism for both girls and boys as well as the absence of after-school supervision. Low parent expectations connoted significant vulnerability especially for boys. The findings indicate that at least among early adolescents, converging scientific and media reports may have scapegoated extracurricular involvements, to some degree, as an index of ubiquitous achievement pressures in affluent communities.

Parental influences on students' aggressive behaviors and weapon carrying.

This article describes the association between four family constructs (family structure, relationship with parents, parental monitoring, and perception of parental attitudes toward fighting) and aggressive behaviors and weapon carrying among middle school students. Results are based on a cross-sectional survey of 8,865 6th, 7th, and 8th graders from eight urban schools in Texas (88.5% response rate). The sample was ethnically diverse. An inverse relationship was observed between aggression scores, fighting, injuries due to fighting, and weapon carrying and the family variables: parental monitoring, a positive relationship with parents, and the lack of parental support for fighting. Students who lived with both parents were less likely to report aggression than students in other living arrangements. These four family constructs accounted for almost one-third of the total variance in the aggression score. The perception of parents' attitudes toward fighting was the strongest predictor of aggression. Results provide support for including a strong parental component in the development of violence prevention programs for young people.