Percentages Of Polypropylene Research Articles

Experimental exploration of mechanical behaviour of graphene oxide blend polymer nanocomposites

Purpose This study aims to evaluate the development of composites made of epoxy (E) resin with different weight percentages of polypropylene (PP) and graphene oxide (Go) to form nanocomposite plates. Design/methodology/approach A hand lay-up process was used to develop 21 different composites, with varying concentrations of PP (5%–35%) and Go (5%–35%). A ternary composite of E matrix was produced by combining binary fillers PP and Go (5%–35%) in a 1:1 ratio to a (95%–5%) solution. With the help of adopting the melt condensation deal to extract Go, the modified Hummers method was used to make Go platelets. Findings Through field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and X-ray diffraction investigations, the particulate’s size and structural characteristics were identified. Based on the FESEM analysis of the collapsed zones of the composites, a warp-and-weft-like structure is evident, which endorses the growth yield strength, flexural modulus and impact strength of the composites. Originality/value The developed nanocomposites have exceptional mechanical capabilities compared to plain E resin, with E resin exhibiting better tensile strength, modulus and flexural strength when combined with 10% PP and 10% Go. When compared to neat E resin, materials formed from composites have exceptional mechanical properties. When mixed with 10% PP and 10% Go, E resin in particular displays improved tensile strength (23 MPa), tensile modulus (4.15 GPa), flexural strength (75.6 MPa) and other attributes. Engineering implications include automobile side door panels, spacecraft applications, brake pads and flexible battery guards.

Effect of Polypropylene Fibers on moisture Susceptibility of Warm Mix Asphalt

Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) is a modern energy-saving process that uses environmentally friendly materials, has lower mixing and compaction temperatures, and uses less energy and releases less contaminants than conventional hot mix asphalt. Moisture damage poses one of the main challenges of the material design in asphalt pavements. During its design life, the asphalt pavement is exposed to the effect of moisture from the surrounding environment. This research intends to investigate the role of the polypropylene fibres for modifying the moisture susceptibility for the WMA by using different percentages of polypropylene (namely 2, 4, and 6%) by weight of the binder of the control mixture (WMA). In this paper, the physical characteristics of the asphalt cement, Marshall properties, Tensile Strength Ratio (TSR) and Index of Retained Strength (IRS) were determined to establish the effect of the polypropylene on the moisture susceptibility of the WMA. The results displayed that the modification of the AC with polypropylene caused an increase in the optimum asphalt content by 1.03, 3.09, and 11.3%, with the addition of 2, 4 and 6% of the P.P., respectively. The moisture resistance of the asphalt mixture was enhanced by adding the P.P., according to the rise in the Tensile Strength Ratio (TSR) and Index of Retained Strength (IRS) values. The TSR value showed 9.4, 18.2 and 19.5% increase when the P.P. increased from 0.00 to 0.02, 0.04, and 0.06, respectively; besides, the IRS showed improvement with the addition of the P.P. to the WMA. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091704 Full Text: PDF

The effect of nano- and microfillers on thermal properties of Polyurethane foam

Polyurethane is one of the polymers used in recent years for the production of thermal insulators. The aim of the present study was to optimize the heat transfer of polyurethane foam using clay nanoparticles and microparticles from polypropylene waste using central composite design of the response surface methodology with the help of Design-Expert V.11 software. For this purpose, the effect of three independent variables of thickness (0.5–1.5 cm), amount of clay nanoparticles (0–2%), and amount of polypropylene wastage microparticles (0–2%) was investigated. A 2-factor model (2FI) was presented for correlation between independent variables for maximum reduction in heat transfer under optimal conditions. Thermal insulation properties were determined using a heat flow meter according to standard method American Society for Testing and Materials C518-17. Morphological properties of the produced composites were determined using SEM image analysis and MATLAB software. The results showed that the composites with the thickness of 1 cm, containing 2% nanoclay and 1% polypropylene, and composites with the thickness of 1.25 cm, containing 1.5% nanoclay and 1.5% polypropylene with 0.045 thermal conductivity have the best performance in terms of thermal insulation and have a 22–26% better performance than pure polyurethane foam. With the increase in percentage of polypropylene and nanoclay, the thermal conductivity decreased. The results of the study showed that fillers could be used to enhance the thermal insulation properties.

Stabilization of red soil using polypropylene

Stabilization of soil is nowadays an inevitable process due to the poor quality associated within it and reducing the nature of index and engineering properties of the soil. It has been enhanced with the help of reinforcing the earth. In this study, an experiment has been conducted to study the performance of red soil before and after adding polypropylene. Various geotechnical properties are studied and improvement in the soil properties with different percentages of polypropylene (1%, 2%, 3%). The index properties such as sieve analysis, consistency limit, and compaction characteristics and major engineering properties like shear strength from unconfined compression test and California bearing ratio were found out. The result obtained indicated that reinforcing of polypropylene fiber increases properties of red soil.

BEHAVIOUR OF COMPOSITE STEEL TUBES INFILLED WITH FRC UNDER MONOTONIC LOADING

In this paper, experimental investigation on the behavior of concrete filled steel tube infilled with Polypropylenefibre (PPF) under monotonic loading is carried out. Here the strength of 54 Specimens was tested. The parameters varied in this study are 1) percentage of PPF (0%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%) 2) Diameter of the hollow circular steel tubes (33.7mm and 42.4mm) 3)L/D ratios(10,12 and 14) and 4) Grades of concrete(M20 and M30). The thickness of steel tubes is 3.2mm which remains same for all the specimens. Polypropylene fiber concrete filled steel columns exhibit higher strength than steel tubes filled with conventional concrete. The results show that load carrying capacity increased with increase in percentage of polypropylene. it was observed that the load carrying capacity of the steel tube decreased as the D/t ratio increased. The experimental results were compared with theoretical results and analysis results using ABAQUS software

Modelling Marshall Design Test Results of Polypropylene Modified Asphalt by Genetic Programming Techniques

Determining Marshall design test results is time consuming. If the researchers can obtain stability and flow values by mechanical testing, rest of the calculations will just be mathematical manipulations. Marshall stability and flow tests were carried out on specimens fabricated with dierent type of polypropylene fibers. It has been shown that addition of polypropylene fibers improved Marshall stabilities and Marshall quotient values in a considerable manner. Input variables in the developed genetic programming model use the physical properties of standard Marshall specimens such as polypropylene type, polypropylene percentage, bitumen percentage, specimen height, calculated unit weight, voids in mineral aggregate, voids filled with asphalt and air voids. Performance of the genetic programming model is quite satisfactory. Besides, to obtain main eects plot, a wide range of parametric studies have been performed. The presented closed form solution will also help further researchers willing to perform similar studies, without carrying out destructive tests.

EFFECT OF POLYPROPYLENE FIBERS ON CONCRETE FIRE RESISTANCE / POLIPROPIRENO PLUOŠTOĮ TAKA BETONO ATSPARUMUI UGNIAI

The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of polypropylene fibers on fire resistance of concrete. In order to achieve this, concrete mixtures are prepared by using different percentages of polypropylene; 0%, 0.5% and 1%, by volume. The samples are heated to 200, 400 and 600 °C, for exposures up to 6 hours, and tested for compressive strength. Based on the results of the study, it is concluded that the relative compressive strengths of concretes containing PP fibers were higher than those of concretes without PP fibers. Furthermore, it can be concluded that concrete mixes which are prepared using 0.5% PP fibers, by volume, can significantly promote the residual compressive strength during the heating. Santrauka Tyrimo tikslas – išnagrinėti polipropireno pluošto įtaką betono atsparumui ugniai. Buvo gaminami betono mišiniai su 0%, 0,5% ir 1% polipropireno dalimis. Bandiniai buvo kaitinami iki 200, 400 ir 600 °C, laikomi šiose temperatūrose 6 valandas ir bandomi nustatant gniuždomajį stiprį. Remiantis bandymų rezultatais daroma išvada, kad betono su polipropireno pluoštu stipris buvo didesnis už betono be šio priedo stiprį. Kita straipsnio išvada ta, kad betono mišiniai, kurių 0,5% tūrio sudaro polipropireno pluoštas, leidžia labai padidinti liekamajį gniuždomajį įkaitinto betono stiprį.