Percentage Of Silicon Carbide Research Articles

Analysis of mechanical and water absorption properties of hybrid composites reinforced with micron-size bamboo fibers and ceramic particles

Abstract Bamboo and its hybrid composites were made using the hand lay-up method to evaluate the change in mechanical and physical properties that occurred through filler addition. Density measurements and tensile test results showed an increment in values when a certain percentage of silicon carbide (SiC) was added. As the SiC percentage grows from 0 to 6 %, the density of the hybrid composite increases from 1.15 to 1.36 gm/cc whereas tensile strength increases from 37 MPa to 42 MPa when 4 wt% SiC is added in 20 wt% of the bamboo composite. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of tensile fractured samples further supported the improvement in tensile characteristics. To examine the impact and hardness characteristics, composites were subjected to the Charpy impact test and hardness test. 4 wt% of SiC addition in 20 wt% of the bamboo composite decreased the impact strength from 28.79 to 27.43 (×10−3 kJ/m2) and increased the hardness from 44 to 55 Hv. The composites’ water absorption behavior demonstrated that the addition of filler lifts the composite’s resistance to absorbing water, preserving the composites’ dimensional firmness and mechanical qualities.

Evaluating the dynamic characteristics of microwave-casted metal matrix composite material by using experimental modal analysis

This paper proposes an experimental modal analysis technique to measure the dynamic characteristics of microwave-casted metal matrix composite (MMC). To fabricate MMC, silicon carbide (SiC) is reinforced into the SS202 matrix. The damping capacities of MMC at different reinforcements of SiC powder such as 0.05%, 0.1% and 0.2% are measured through experimental modal analysis. The main objective is to study the effect of reinforcement on the damping capacity of SS202. The domestic microwave oven with the specification of 2.45 GHz and 900 W power is used to cast the MMC material. The graphite split mold is used for in-situ microwave casting. The mechanical characterization in terms of micro-hardness and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of MMC is also examined. From SEM imagining, complete diffusion of the SiC in SS matrix is observed for 0.05% of SiC reinforcement; however, incomplete diffusion is observed for 0.1% and 0.2% of SiC reinforcement. It is observed that the hardness of the SS202 is increasing with the decrease in the percentage of SiC powder. The experimental modal analysis is carried out by using SO Analyzer. The response model in terms of the frequency response function (FRF) curve is measured when the specimen is excited at impact excitations. The half power bandwidth method is used to calculate the damping factor of the material from the measured FRFs. It is observed that the damping capacity increases with the increase in percentage of SiC in SS202. SS202 with 0.05%, 0.1% and 0.2% SiC have the hardness value of 155.33 HV, 107.33 HV and 58.33 HV, respectively.

Effect of Silicon Carbide and Graphite on Aluminium Metal Matrix Composites

Reinforcement of aluminium metal matrix composites finds a major application due to their upgraded mechanical properties such as high specific strength, wear behavior, corrosion resistant and frictional characteristics. Few investigations have been reported on the mechanical characteristics. The purpose of this study focuses on the significance of adding silicon carbide (SiC) as first reinforcement and graphite particulates as the second reinforcement on aluminium metal matrix composites. Thus the mechanical behavior of the hybrid is tested by fabrication of AMMC by varying weight percentage of SiC (2.5% - 7.5%) and graphite (2.5% - 7.5%). In this case fabrication is done using stir casting method. The static testing like tensile, hardness and impact are conducted. Furthermore microstructure analysis is performed on the sample. Result obtained shows maximum hardness have been accomplished at 90%, 7.5%, 2.5% of aluminium, silicon carbide, graphite respectively. Key Words: AMMC, Silicon Carbide, Graphite, Stir casting

Study on wear properties of Aluminium alloy for different mass of SiC particles

Owing to its excellent dimensional consistency, low weight, max strength ratio, cheap cost, and specific strength, aluminium 7075 has a wide range of applications in aircraft fittings, gears, worm wheels, shafts, missiles, and regulating valves. Considering the use aluminium alloy (Al 7075) in the aerospace and defence sectors, its wear qualities must be enhanced further to extend the life of the components used in these industries. Considering its wear resistance capabilities, silicon carbide (SiC) is commonly utilised in the production of wear-resistant blades, saws, surface coatings, and machine tools. The wear characteristics of Al 7075 alloy have been investigated in this study by fortifying it with varied weight percentages (1%, 2%, and 4%) of silicon carbide (SiC) and producing it using the stir casting technique. The experiment was carried out with a Taguchi L27 orthogonal array. A pin-on-disc wear measuring device is used to assess the dry sliding wear properties. SiC concentration, velocity, loading, and sliding length are the process parameters, and the outputs are the friction coefficient (CoF) and the rate of specific wear. The Signal-to-Noise (S/N) ratio was calculated with the help of Taguchi’s analysis to discover the optimum effective combination for minimising friction coefficient and rate of specific wear. According to the results, 4% SiC reinforcement results in a decreased friction coefficient and rate of specific wear under different dynamic conditions. A Scanning Electron Images (SEM) investigation was performed to detect the wear pattern, and it was discovered that the Al7075 strengthened with 4% SiC with a steady input variable shows the least wear. Investigation shows that increasing the weight percentage of SiC enhances the wear resistance of the Al 7075 alloy.

Effect of SiC nanoparticles on the tribological properties of rice bran oil-based lubricant

The environmental impact of petroleum products has forced the industry to search for alternative bio-products. Vegetable oils can be considered as an alternative to these petroleum products due to the high viscosity index and excellent boundary lubrication properties. In this work, rice bran oil (RBO) is selected as a base-stock for developing bio-lubricants. The silicon carbide (SiC) nanoparticles were added to RBO in different proportions (0.01 to 0.05 wt. %). The tribological properties were evaluated for different samples using a standard four-ball tribo-tester. The weight percentage of SiC in RBO was optimised based on the tribological results. The optimum concentration of SiC nanoparticles in RBO was found to be 0.03 wt. %. The experimental study also evaluated the tribological properties of chemically modified RBO (MRBO) with 0.03% SiC nanoparticles. It was noted that the tribological properties are better for MRBO with 0.03% SiC nanoparticles.

Effect of SiC on Mechanical and Microstructural Characteristics of Al Based Functionally Graded Material

In this study, an attempt was made to enhance the mechanical and microstructural properties of aluminium (Al) based FGM with the influence of silicon carbide (SiC) elements. The five layered functionally graded metal-ceramic composite was fabricated using powder metallurgy technique. The bottom layer of the specimen was compacted with aluminium (100 wt.%) and succeeding layers were made with the combination of Al and SiC (97.5–2.5 wt.%, 95-5 wt.%, 92.5–7.5 wt.%, 90-10 wt.%). FESEM analysis ensured the smooth transitions of microstructure between adjacent layers which confirmed the good interfacial solid state bonding. The major orientation (111) of Al and SiC was improved with the volume percentage of SiC. Moreover, the addition of SiC has been improved the crystallite size of Al/SiC. Vickers analysis resulted the maximum hardness of 148.5 Hv on FGM when SiC was added by 10%. The corrosion resistant property can be improved by adding non-conductivity element of SiC in the Al based FGM.

Optimization of wear properties on AA7075/Sic/Mos2 hybrid metal matrix composite by response surface methodology

Nowadays, composites are profoundly thriving as the replacement of ferrous alloys. The Aluminum manifested into a great substitute due to its properties like lightweight, low density, high strength, and corrosion resistance. The process of fusing the non-ceramics reinforcement like Silicon carbide, Boron carbide, Aluminum oxide, Titanium diboride with a non-metal like Graphite, Molybdenum disulfide or with other non-ceramic to form a hybrid metal matrix composite. In the present paper, an investigation carried out on Aluminum 7075 material by the process of stir casting where the Silicon Carbide (SiC) with three different weight % (i.e., 3%, 6%, 9%) and Molybdenum Disulphide (MoS2) with 1% constant weight % added to the base material. The tensile test and hardness test were then done on a UTM and Rockwell Hardness testing machine, respectively, for all three prepared materials. As the percentage of SiC increases in the material, the hardness value and tensile strength are increasing. The Al7075 + 9%SiC + 1%MoS2 is the highest of all.

Vibration and Acoustic Characteristics of Aluminium Silicon Carbide Metal Matrix Composite Under Uniform and Non Uniform Thermal Environment

Vibration and acoustic characteristics of metal matrix composite - (MMC) of aluminium Silicon carbide is compared with aluminium in lower frequencies. The free and forced vibration responses of different percentage of silicon carbide are examined for different percentage of buckling temperature under uniform and non uniform temperature distribution. The results show that temperature field at higher % of buckling temperature influences the acoustic response significantly. Also it is noticed that uniform temperature field, (T(x) = Tmax) and Increase and decrease temperature fields modelled by heating at the middle of the panel ( $T(x)= T_{max}[1-abs (1-\frac {2x}{L})^{2}]$ )) temperature field affects the response significantly. Further, it is noticed in all the aspects high % of silicon carbide contributes in high stiffness and there by reduces noises at low frequencies even under different temperature field. Also from the results obtained in lower frequencies, it is found that nearly 5 to 15 dB of noise is reduced for high stiffness associated mixture of silicon carbide reinforcement in aluminium matrix.

Influence of the obtaining method on the compactness of AlMg10-SiCp ultralight composite

The research was carried out on composite materials based on AlMg10-SiCp. This metallic ultralight materials were obtained by two methods: butane bubbling method and the soluble salt method. We chose different amounts of SiCp (5, 10 and 15%), the particles size being about 120 micrometers. The A method involves a forceful agitation of the melt aluminium alloy and SiC mixture, combined with gas bubbling (we used CH4 as the reactive gas). Method B involves the dissolution in water of the sodium chloride contained in the AlMg10-SiC composite after solidification of the metallic material. The occurrence of NaCl in the structure of the material is due to the introduction of sodium chloride and silicon carbide powders mixture in the molten material, which was very vigorously stirred. The A method leads to a cellular structure (small and medium size open and semi-open cells) of the composite and the B method to a porous one, like metal foams (semi-open cells). The increase of SiC percentage determinate the increase of the composite porosity, no matter of used method of achievement. The phenomenon can be explained by porosity increasing of those materials, equalization in cell size and tendency to uniform distribution of cells in the composite volume. As expected, the relative porosity of these composites increases with the silicon carbide percentage, reaching a maximum of 47% for AlMg10-15% SiC composite, obtained by the soluble salts method.

Study of Surface Quality During End Milling of SiC Reinforced Aluminium Metal Matrix Composite

In today’s world the composites materials are replacing many conventional materials due to their excellent properties. Aluminum is a less weight and cheap metal that is available in plenty. Silicon carbide is hard abrasive material with good mechanical properties. The aluminum silicon carbide metal matrix composite is finding increased applications in many fields such as automobile and aeronautical applications due to its excellent mechanical properties like high strength, light weight, high specific stiffness and good coefficient of thermal expansion. But their usage is restricted due to the difficulty in the machinability. In this paper two Al/SiC metal matrix composites (Al6061/10-SiCp and Al6061/5-SiCp) by varying the composition of SiC. The composites consist Silicon Carbide (SiC) of 5% and 10% by weight. The composites are prepared by stir casting process. Shell moulding technique is used in manufacturing of the composite materials. The microstructure, tensile strength, compression strength and hardness of the composites are studied. End milling operation is performed on the metal matrix composite slabs by varying the machining parameters. Feed rate and depth of cut were varied by fixing a single spindle speed. The number of experiments is determined using design of experiments (DOE). The effect of the machining parameters on the surface finish is observed by measuring the surface roughness. This process is done on the two metal matrix composites. The effect of SiC percentage in composite and variations in machining parameters on the surface finish was observed.

Investigations on mechanical properties of Al6061-SiC nanocomposites fabricated via stir casting process

Aluminium metal matrix composite (AMC’s) gives a large impact in the field of applications of the military, and aerospace due to their improved mechanical and physical properties. The present work investigates the effects of adding Silicon Carbide (SiC) to Al6061 alloy. The percentage of SiC was varied by 3, 5, 7 wt%. The composites were fabricated by the stir casting process. The fabricated composites were analyzed for morphological and mechanical tests. From the results, it was found that the addition of SiC by 7 wt% resulted in enhanced properties.

Effects of SiC content on mechanical, thermal and ablative properties of carbon/phenolic composites

Silicon carbide (SiC) particles were utilized to improve the mechanical, thermal and anti-ablative properties of carbon/phenolic (C/Ph) composites. SiC–C/Ph composites were fabricated with different weight percentage of SiC by vacuum impregnation method. The mechanical and thermal properties were characterized by compression tests, thermal conductivity tests, and thermogravimetric analysis; meanwhile, ablation resistance was investigated using plasma wind tunnel tests and scanning electron microscopy. Experimental results showed that 5 wt% SiC modified C/Ph composites owned the optimum properties. Moreover, introducing SiC particles could result in an obvious decrease of compression strength, but an increase of thermal stability, thermal conductivity and anti-ablative performance. Notably, the ablation rate reached its the lowest point at 5% the SiC content in resin matrix composites.

The Importance of SiC in the Process of Melting Ductile Iron with a Variable Content of Charge Materials.

The article presents issues related to melting ductile iron grade EN-GJS-400-15, with different proportions of feedstock (steel scrap and pig iron). The main attention was paid to determining the impact of silicon carbide on the structure and properties of melted cast iron. In the conducted melts, carbon and silicon deficiencies were supplemented with a suitably chosen carburizer, ferrosilicon, and SiC metallurgical silicon carbide. The percentage of silicon carbide in the charge ranged from 0 to 0.91%. The basic condition for the planning of melts was to maintain the repeatability of the chemical composition of the output cast iron and cast iron after the secondary treatment of liquid metal with various charge compositions. Based on the tests, calculations, and analyses of the results obtained, it was concluded that the addition of SiC may increase the number and size of graphite precipitates. Increasing the SiC content in the charge also caused a change in the solidification nature of the alloy and the mechanism of growth of spheroidal graphite precipitates, causing their surface to form a scaly shell. The influence of the addition of silicon carbide on the reduction of the temperature of liquidus in the alloys was also observed. Silicon carbide had a positive effect on the structure and properties of melted alloys. The introduction of SiC into the melting in the studied range caused an increase in the content of carbon and silicon without causing an increase in the amount of impurities in the alloy.

A study on thermal conductivity enhancement of silicon carbide filler glass fiber epoxy resin hybrid composites

The silicon carbide filler glass fiber reinforced polymer composites have been prepared by using hand- lay- up technique compression molding machine. Thermal conductivity of silicon carbide filler glass fiber reinforced polymer composites at different volume fractions of glass fiber and silicon carbide is determined using Lee’s apparatus experimentally. The experimental results show that the thermal conductivity of the hybrid polymer composite increases with increase in silicon carbide percentage. Experimental results are compared with mathematical models Hashin formula, Maxwell model and Rule of mixture model to find the variation of the thermal conductivity with volume fraction of silicon carbide. All three mathematical models exhibited results close to each other at low percentage silicon content. From mathematical models and experimental results the difference between the two has been found to be small for 20% SiC content; for example, Maxwell model showed a difference 10.40%, Rule of mixtures 16.12% and Hashin formula 3.62% for 20% SiC content.

Multi-objective optimization of drilling of Al5059-SiC-2%MoS2 composites using NSGA-II

Abstract The drilling process is a broadly renowned conventional machining process which has the capacity to produce a hole on the components. The aluminum alloy of A15059 matrix is reinforced with the two different reinforcement particles such as silicon carbide (SiC) and molybdenum disulphide (MoS2). SiC particles are varied at three different sizes such as 10, 20 and 40 µm and three different weight percentages such as 5, 10 and 15%. MoS2 is added in all composites at a constant level of 2 wt%. The input process parameters considered for this investigation are spindle speed, feed rate, the particle size of SiC and weight percentage of SiC and output parameters such as metal removal rate (MRR) and temperature are studied. The present work is to optimize the drilling parameters of aluminium metal matrix composites using Non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) technique. The drilling experiments are conducted based on Taguchi L27 orthogonal design. At the end, the optimal setting of drilling process parameters is found using NSGA-II that simultaneously maximizes MRR and minimizes temperature. The set of Pareto-optimal front offers flexibility to the manufacturing industries to select better drilling conditions depending on applications.

Fabrication and characteristic evaluation of direct metal laser sintered SiC particulate reinforced Ti6Al4V metal matrix composites

The present work deals with the fabrication of silicon carbide (SiC) reinforced Ti6Al4V metal matrix composites (MMC’s) by a direct metal laser sintering process, followed by characterization of microstructures and evaluation of mechanical properties. Variable process parameters like laser power density [3.528–5.172 W/cm2 (×104)], SiC reinforcements (5%–15% by volume), and beam scanning speed (3500–4500 mm/min) and constant process parameters such as spot diameter (0.4 mm), hatching gap (0.2 mm), and layer thickness (0.4 mm) were considered to perform the experiments. The influence of addition of reinforcements on mechanical and physical properties of fabricated samples as compared to Ti6Al4V was examined. Field emission scanning electron microscope images show good metallurgical bonding between reinforcement and matrix. The presence of intermetallic compounds formed during the sintering process was detected by x-ray diffraction, which enhances the mechanical properties of the fabricated samples. Density of sintered samples increased on the increment in laser power density but decreased with an increase in the percentage of SiC in the mixture. Mean value of coefficient of friction was found in the range of 0.157–0.115 in a testing duration of 10 min, showing improvement in the wear resistance property as compared to Ti6Al4V. The improved mechanical properties and surface characteristics result in the formation of effective MMC's for various engineering applications.

Investigation of mechanical properties of Al 7075/SiC/MoS2 hybrid composite

Nowadays, composites are profoundly thriving as the replacement of ferrous alloys. The Aluminum is manifested into great substitute due to their properties like lightweight, low density, high strength, corrosion resistance. The process of fusing the non-ceramics reinforcement like Silicon carbide, Boron carbide, Aluminum oxide, Titanium diboride with a non-metal like Graphite, Molybdenum disulfide or with other non-ceramics to form a hybrid metal matrix composite. In the Present paper, an investigation is carried out on Aluminum 7075 material by process of stir casting where the Silicon Carbide (SiC) with three different weight % (i.e., 3%, 6%, 9%) and Molybdenum Disulphide (MoS2) with 1% constant weight % is added to the base material. Then the tensile test and hardness test were done on a UTM and Rockwell Hardness testing machine respectively for all three prepared materials. As the percentage of SiC is increasing in the material, the hardness value and tensile strength are increasing. The Al7075 + 9%SiC + 1%MoS2 is highest of all.

Development of Epoxy/Nano SiC composites and their Mechanical Studies

Abstract This paper reports the development of Silicon carbide (SiC) epoxy composites and their Mechanical properties such as tensile strength, flexural strength, impact testing. Samples were prepared by different weight percentage of SiC with epoxy matrix .Morphology of the prepared composites was also done.

Wear behaviour of Al 7075/SiC/Mg metal matrix nano composite by liquid state process

AA7075 base composites, reinforced using nano silicon carbide, contain average particle size 50 nm that is manufactured via stir casting technique, and also their rate of wear and friction coefficient was examined. During the present investigation, applied load and the weight percentage of nano silicon carbide (SiC) varying from 1, 2, 3 and 4% have been studied. The dry sliding wear characteristics of nanocomposites were analysed through pin-on-disk apparatus. By considering sliding speeds of 3and 4 m/s on applied loads of 20, 30 and 40 N. The outcomes reveal that the ceramic reinforcement of the matrix metal with nano-SiC particles up to weight percentage of 4 decreases the rate of wear. The results indicate that by increasing applied load and sliding distance the wear of the test samples raises linearly. The weight loss and friction coefficient relatively reduce with enhancing weight percentage of nano reinforcements. The wear out surfaces are analysed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) which shows that the small grooved zones and minor cracks are identified on the worn out surface of the composite. It signifies abrasive wear behaviour, which is generally of hard SiC particles subjected on the worn surfaces. Moreover, it was noticed from the test results that the wear rate reduces gradually with improving weight percentage of nano-SiC and friction coefficient decreases linearly with increasing load on the specimens, and weight percentage of SiC. The most efficient result attained at 4% weight percentage.

Soil Stabilization by using Lime

In this work aluminium based silicon carbide composite material with different percentage of silicon carbide and magnesium has been fabricated. Various tests such as XRF, hardness test, roughness test, tensile test, compressive test have been conducted to determine the various properties of the composite material. From the various tests it has been observed that with the addition of silicon carbide the hardness of composite material increases. This material is suitable for the manufacturing of gears for low and medium load application.