Cumulative Percent Of Variance Research Articles

Yield Determinants of Some Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L) Clones Using Principal Component Analysis

This study aims to determine the factors influencing the yield of sweet potatoes using the Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Meanwhile, this tool was used to form new set of smaller and mutually independent variables (no longer correlated) based on the research variables which includes Plant Length (PL), Number of Leaves (NL), Number of Shoots (NS), Leaf area (LA), Total Fresh Weight (TFW), Number of Tubers (NT), Fresh Weight of Tuber (FWT), Dry Weight of Tuber (DWT), and Harvest Index (HI). The results showed that the combined effect of TFW, NT, FWT, and DWT, as the main determinants of sweet potatoes yield was 71.048% as indicated by the total variance (cumulative percent of variance). Therefore, treatments in line with these values are important for improved crop yield.

Factors Affecting Usage of Mobile Money Services and Their Impact on Financial Inclusion: Case of Lusaka Province

This article presents a study of factors affecting the usage of mobile money services (MMS). Thirty-three User technology adoption variables relating to factors that affect MMS usage were identified, and Factor analysis was used to extract the key factors using principal component analysis. With set cut-off values, eight factors emerged with values of Communalities (>0.5), Eigenvalues (>1), Percent of Cumulative Variance Explained (>60 per cent), and Factor Loadings (>0.4) with a total variance of 75.179 %. Multiple regression was conducted to see if the independent variables predicted the level of usage of MMS. The validity of the items used in this study was established by using confirmatory factor analysis. Results showed that the adoption of mobile money service is influenced by Perceived ease of use, Perceived usefulness, Perceived cost, and Perceived network quality. The perceived cost was found to have a negative influence on financial service adoption.

The Investigation of Critical Thinking Disposition among Kasetsart University Students

This research study aims to investigate university student’s critical thinking disposition (CTD). The sample includes 633 undergraduate students at different levels from Kasetsart University, Thailand. The analysis was based on convenience random sampling. The CTD instrument comprises 24 Likert scale. The subscales consisted of seven crucial dimensions: truth-seeking, open-mindedness, analyticity, systematicity, critical thinking self-confidence, inquisitiveness, and cognitive maturity. The cumulative percent of variance was 61.84%. Cronbrach’s alpha for the overall instrument, the disposition toward critical thinking was .78. The findings revealed that critical thinking disposition has no distinctive correlation to significant difference towards gender and the different levels of university students significantly, particularly at the level of p<.05.

Validity and Reliability of the Self-Reflection and Insight Scale for Korean Nursing Students

Purpose The purpose of this study was to translate the Self-Reflection and Insight Scale (SRIS) into Korean and test its validity and reliability. Methods Participants were 340 nursing students who were recruited from 5 nursing colleges in Korea. Data were collected from November 21 to December 20, 2016 and analyzed using the IBM Statistics SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 23.0 programs. Exploratory factor analysis, Confirmatory factor analysis, and concurrent validity analysis were performed. Results For the Korean-SRIS (K-SRIS) 4 items were deleted from the original SRIS. The final scale consisted of 16 items which were sorted into- the 2 factors: self-reflection (11 items), insight (5 items). The cumulative percent of variance was 50.91%. The statistically significant correlation between K-SRIS scores and the Reflection in Learning Scale (RLS) support the concurrent validity of the K-SRIS. The reliability of the scale, Cronbach's α was .83. Conclusion The finding indicate that the K-SRIS has validity and reliability. Therefore it can be used for measuring and developing reflection ability in nursing students. 주요어: 성찰, í†µì°°ë ¥, 간호학생, 타당도, ì‹ ë¢°ë„ Key words: Reflection, Insight, Nursing students, Validity, Reliability

Development of Korean Menstrual Symptom Scale for University Students.

To develop Korean Menstrual Symptom Scale (KMSS) for university students and test its reliability and validity. The scale was developed by intensive literature review, development of preliminary items, verification of content validity, development of secondary items, verification of construct validity, and extraction of final items. Thirty-nine items were constructed. Data for validity and reliability testing were collected with a questionnaire survey from 391 university students. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, factor analysis, and reliability coefficients (Cronbach's α) with the SPSS program. There were 37 final items which were sorted into six factors: 'negative affection (8 items)', 'change of activity level (7 items)', 'physical symptom (9 items)', 'mood change (9 items)', 'change in concentration level (4 items)', and 'body water retention (5 items)'. The cumulative percent of variance was 63.3%. Regarding the reliability of the scale, its Cronbach's α was 0.96. Cronbach's α values for these factors ranged from 0.75 to 0.91. The KMSS demonstrated acceptable validity and reliability. Repeated research is needed to measure menstrual symptom experienced by women of variable ages.

Principal component analysis based signal-to-noise ratio improvement for inchoate faulty signals: Application to ball bearing fault detection

This paper addresses the development of an algorithm that can improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in inchoate faulty signals. The removal of noise and preservation of fault information components cannot be easily achieved. Many techniques for SNR improvement in healthy signals rely on frequency bands. Such techniques have been proven to be efficient in improving the SRN by filtering out frequency bands (FoFBs). However, these techniques cannot reduce noise and preserve fault information when dealing with inchoate faulty signals. Thus, a feature extraction technique based on statistical parameters, which are free from Gaussian noise, is proposed in this paper. The proposed signal subspace-based approach for SNR improvement in inchoate faulty signals is based on a modified principal component analysis (PCA), in which the optimal subspace is selected via a cumulative percent of variance (CPV) criterion and the test statistic condition of the true information loss, which has the tendency to alleviate the impact of Gaussian and non-Gaussian noise and provides useful time domain analysis for non-stationary signals such as vibration, in which spectral contents vary with respect to time. Furthermore, the modified PCA algorithm is combined with a low-pass filter (LPF) to achieve an optimum balance between noise reduction efficiency and the conservation of inchoate fault information. The proposed PCA-LPF algorithm is compared with different filters under different noise levels to find the most efficient approach in terms of optimizing the trade-off between noise reduction efficiency and precision of inchoate fault information conservation, with the final goal of improving the fault detection capability. Further, the performance of the proposed PCA-LPF algorithm was demonstrated with an experimental study on vibration-based ball bearing fault detection.

Principal Component and Cluster Analysis of Fibre Yield in Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffaL.)

Genetic diversity plays an important role in crop improvement, because the segregants between lines of diverse origin generally display an improved performance than those between closely related parental genotypes. Sixty genotypes of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) were evaluated to study genetic divergence of fibre yield contributing quantitative characters by using principal component and cluster analysis. Principal component analysis (PCA) identified four principal components with eigen values more than one which contributed 73.859 percent of cumulative variance. The first principal component (PC1-) contributed maximum towards variability with significant loading of plant height, fibre length per plant, and fibre yield per plant. The plot of PC1and PC2 showed characters differentiation of genotypes according to their cluster membership for each cluster. The mean scores of genotypes were used as input for clustering in order to group the genotypes into various clusters. Hierarchical clustering procedure (complete linkage dendrogram) was followed to group the genotypes into 8 clusters, the clustering pattern of genotypes was to be independent of their eco-geographical origin. The comparative study of PCA and Complete Linkage Dendrogram indicated the similarity in the clustering pattern, resulted to clustering of divergent genotypes into different clusters against the geographical origin. The genotypes REX-1, ER-1, AHS-188, AMV-5, AMV-4, AHS-161, HS-4270, AR-104, JRRM-9-2 and R-83 in the different clusters if inter crossed may generate wider variability for sustainable improvement of fibre yield.

Optimization of Principal Component Analysis and Support Vector Machine for the Recognition of Infant Cry with Asphyxia

The optimization of principal component analysis–support vector machine (PCA–SVM) for recognizing infant cry with asphyxia is presented in this paper. Three types of PC A selection techniques such as cumulative percent of variance, eigenvalue-one-criterion and scree test were employed to select significant features of Mel-frequency cepstrum coefficient that is extracted from normal and asphyxia cry. The asphyxiated infant cries were differentiated from normal cries using SVM with linear and radial basis function (RBF) kernels. The performance of the PCA–SVM in recognizing asphyxiated infant cries was compared with the SVM (without PCA) to prove its efficiency. Classification accuracy and support vector number were computed to examine the performance of both techniques. The results show that PCA–SVM is the best technique for recognizing asphyxiated infant cries since it produces the highest classification accuracy (95.323%). The RBF kernel with optimal regularization of 100 and γ=0.025 should be used in the PCA–SVM technique.

Development of a Coping Scale for Emergency Situations with Elementary School Students

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop an instrument to measure coping in emergency situations. Methods: The process included construction of a conceptual framework, generation 60 primary items, verification of construct validity and extraction of final items. The 60 preliminary items were reviewed for content validity by seven experts and were tested to evaluate inter-item correlation coefficient by three groups of elementary school students. From November 1 to December 10, 2008, data were collected from 920 elementary school students according to residential characters (major city, small town, rural area). Item analysis, factor analysis with rotation Varimax and Cronbach’s alpha were used to analyze the data. Results: 1) There were 45 items in the final instrument categorized into 8 factors. 2) The factors were labeled as “Call for help and check” (8 items), “Care for common symptoms” (6 items), “Appropriate response for the situation” (5 items), “Evacuation” (6 items), “Care for tissue damage” (8 items), “Care for injury by heat, cold or foreign body” (6 items), “Offer help” (4 items) and “Rescue & escape” (2 items). 3) Cumulative percent of variance was 53.10% and eigen values ranged from 1.04 to 13.38. 4) Cronbach’s alpha for the total was .943 and ranged from .527 to .869. Conclusion: Validity and reliability of the scale are confirmed in this study showing its utility for measuring coping in emergency situations with elementary school students. Utilization of the scale will also contribute to designing appropriate coping education programs for elementary school students.

Development of an Osteoporosis Awareness Scale for Women

This study was conducted to develop an instrument measuring awareness of osteoporosis. The process included construction of a conceptual framework, generation of 86 preliminary items, verification of content validity, selection of secondary items, verification of construct validity and extraction of final items. The 86 items were reviewed for content validity by two groups of experts and were tested to evaluate inter item correlation coefficient by two groups of adult women. From June to August 2007, data were collected from 383 adult women who lived in Seoul and provinces in Korea. Data were analyzed by performing item analysis, Varimax factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha. There were 31 items in the final instrument categorized into 5 factors. The factors were labeled as "preventive behaviors (10 items)", "risk factors (5 items)", "characteristics of osteoporosis (6 items)", "improving bone health (5 items)", and "bone physiology (5 items)". Cumulative percent of variance was 60.92% and eigen values ranged from 1.20 to 12.44. Cronbach's alpha was .948 and ranged from .804 to .917. Validity and reliability of the scale are confirmed in this study showing its utility for measuring awareness of osteoporosis for women. Utilization of the scale will also contribute to designing an appropriate prevention program for osteoporosis.

Scale Development of Free Nursing Home-Adjustment for the Elderly

The purpose of this study was to develop a scale of free nursing home adjustment for the elderly in Korea. The developmental processes were construction of a conceptual framework, development of preliminary items, verification of content validity, twice data gathering, verification of construct validity, and reliability of final items. The first 53 preliminary items were obtained through review of literatures about nursing home adjustment and in depth interviews with 5 staffs of nursing home. These items were reviewed by five specialists for content validity and 39 items were chosen. The first data was collected from 107 elderly residing in 3 nursing homes and the second survey was from 147 residents who were living in five nursing homes. Finally this data was analyzed for construct validity and reliability. There were 23 final items which were sorted into 5 factors. The factors were identified as 'Relocation distress symptom'(8 items), 'Making friends'(4 items), 'Acceptance of new residence' (6 items), 'Difficulty in group life'(3 items), and 'Having self-worth'(2 items). The cumulative percent of variance was 53.466%. The reliability of the scale, Cronbach's alpha was .837. The result of this study could be used for measuring nursing home adjustment of the elderly. However, for further validity and reliability, repeated researches are needed.

Development of a Critical Thinking Disposition Scale for Nursing Students

The purpose of this study was to develop a critical thinking disposition scale for nursing students. The developmental process was construction of a conceptual framework, development of preliminary items, verification of content validity, development of secondary items, verification of construct validity and extraction of final items. The conceptual framework and first preliminary 60 items were obtained through a review of relevant literature and the development of critical disposition scales by 10 researchers who had been studying critical thinking for one year. These items were reviewed by five specialists for content validity and finally 55 items were chosen. The data was collected from October 1 to 15, 2004 and was analyzed using factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha with the SPSS program. The subjects were composed of 560 Bachelor of Science nursing students from 8 nursing schools. There were 35 final items which were sorted into 8 factors. The factors were identified as 'intellectual integrity(6 items)', 'creativity(4 items)', 'challenge(6 items)', 'open-mindedness(3 items)', 'prudence(4 items)', 'objectivity(4 items)', 'truth seeking(3 items)' and 'inquisitiveness(5 items)'. The cumulative percent of variance was 55.107%. The reliability of the scale, Cronbach's alpha was .892 and the factors' ranged from .562-.836. The result of this study could be used for measuring critical thinking dispositions of nursing students. However, for further validity and reliability, repeated research is necessary.

Development of a Task Performance Evaluation Instrument for Clinical Nurses

The purpose of this study was to develop an instrument of task performance evaluation for clinical nurses, thus testing the validity and the reliability of the scale. Data was collected from 84 Head Nurses and 255 General Nurses. A conceptual framework, composed of 4 factors of meaning in task performance evaluation, was identified through review of the relevant literature. A total of 78 items were developed and were used on a five-point likert scale. Through factor analysis, items whose factor loading was below 0.50 were deleted, thus 35 items remained. To test the validity and reliability of the instrument, the SPSS 11.0 windows program was used. The results of the factor analysis indicated that 4 factors were classified and the cumulative percent of variance was 67.54%. The results of the reliability test indicated that Cronbach's coefficient of the total 35 items was over 0.9176. The results of the factor analysis indicated that factor loadings of all items was over 0.50. Conclusively, the validity and the reliability of the scale were proven. This study was identified as a tool with a high degree of reliability and validity.