Perceived Security Risk Research Articles

Factors Influencing the Adoption of Mobile Banking Applications in Yemen Using an Extended Technology Acceptance Model

Factors Influencing the Adoption of Mobile Banking Applications in Yemen Using an Extended Technology Acceptance Model

Why trade matters—How policy shapes who eats what where and how it is produced

AbstractRising uncertainty due to climate change and the failure of globalisation to improve security is threatening trade. As trade matters for prosperity, and ultimately security, policy makers need to resist protectionist responses to perceived security risks.

Understanding mobile payment through the lens of continuity theory

ABSTRACT This study investigated whether mobile payment (MP) adopters in China extend their MP usage during their travel abroad, through the lens of continuity theory. The findings from in-depth interviews articulated six major concerns while using MP at home, namely perceived risks, costs, incompatibility, complexity, customer support, and social influence. Three major concerns for not using MP when travelling abroad include perceived security risk, costs, and incompatibility. Discontinuity of usage include past experiences and concerns about using MP in the home country, together with their negative evaluation of the MP service environment of the travel destinations. This study answers why some Chinese tourists abandon MP when they travel. Practical implications are offered to service providers to enhance users’ experiences.

금융 메타버스 플랫폼의 혁신저항과 수용의도에 관한 연구

Recently, as the metaverse market has grown rapidly, there has been a movement to strategically link metaverse in various fields such as distribution, manufacturing, and finance. The financial sector is actively using the metaverse platform and is conducting executive meetings, opening virtual branches, training new employees, and providing financial education services on the financial metaverse platform. The number of financial companies providing services linked to the metaverse is increasing due to expectations that the financial metaverse platform can improve information delivery of financial products and customer convenience. In particular, because financial consumers can use financial services without visiting a store through metaverse, financial companies are also accelerating the construction of their own metaverse platforms. In this way, the financial metaverse platform goes beyond the limitations of smartphones and is fundamentally changing the work methods, customer needs, and services of the financial industry based on the technical characteristics of online and offline connectivity.
 The purpose of this study is as follows. From the perspective of financial consumers, literature research and metaverse-related expert interview survey methodology were used to derive the benefits gained by accepting the metaverse platform and the sacrifice factors such as investment losses and security risks that occur to acquire value. As a result of the study, the utility factors gained by accepting the financial metaverse platform include perceived relative advantage, perceived suitability, and perceived usability. Cost factors included perceived privacy risk and perceived complexity. In addition, perceived usefulness, perceived enjoyment, and remote presence were presented as benefit factors of the financial metaverse platform service, and technical complexity, perceived cost, and perceived security risk were presented as sacrifice factors.

A mixed methods UTAUT2-based approach to understanding unified payments interface adoption among low-income users

The Unified Payments Interface (UPI) represents a revolutionary advancement in mobile payment systems and has been primarily embraced by the middle and high-income segments of the Indian population. Its uptake among the low-income or those at the bottom-of-the-pyramid (BOP), characterized by individuals with an annual income less than USD 3,175, remains notably low, necessitating prompt investigation. This study endeavors to explore and validate contextual determinants influencing the development of behavioral intention to use UPI among BOP users. Under the mixed method approach, 26 interviews with active UPI users were conducted in the first phase. The collected data were subjected to deductive thematic analysis and the resulting factors were fused with the Extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2) model to adapt it to the BOP requirements. In the second phase, responses from 423 potential UPI users were collected and scrutinized using structural equation modelling. The data analysis unveiled that the path coefficients for social influence (0.527), performance expectancy (0.242), perceived security risk (–0.166), knowledge (0.138), price value (0.123), facilitating conditions (0.119), and social benefits (0.096) were statistically significant in impacting user intentions. The model fit measures of the structural model fell within an acceptable range, and collectively, these factors elucidated 52% of the variance in behavioral intentions. It is recommended that marketers should leverage the interconnected nature of BOP communities to enhance awareness on functionality, subjective utility, social benefits, word-of-mouth, and security issues. This strategy aims to overcome barriers and boost UPI adoption among the BOP.

Information security risks and sharing behavior on OSN: the impact of data collection awareness

PurposeThis study aims to ascertain the impact of data collecting awareness on perceived information security concerns and information-sharing behavior on social networking sites.Design/methodology/approachBased on communication privacy management theory, the study forecasted the relationship between information-sharing behavior and awareness of data collecting purposes, data collection tactics and perceived security risk using structural equation modeling analysis and one-way ANOVA. The sample size of 521 young social media users in Vietnam, ages 18 to 34, was made up of 26.7% men and 73.3% women. When constructing the questionnaire survey method with lone source respondents, the individual’s unique awareness and experiences with using online social networks (OSNs) were taken into account.FindingsThe results of the investigation demonstrate a significant relationship between information-sharing and awareness of data collecting, perceptions of information security threats and behavior. Social media users have used OSN privacy settings and paid attention to the sharing restriction because they are concerned about data harvesting.Research limitations/implicationsThis study was conducted among young Vietnamese social media users, reflecting specific characteristics prevalent in the Vietnamese environment, and hence may be invalid in other nations’ circumstances.Practical implicationsSocial media platform providers should improve user connectivity by implementing transparent privacy policies that allow users to choose how their data are used; have clear privacy statements and specific policies governing the use of social media users’ data that respect users’ consent to use their data; and thoroughly communicate how they collect and use user data while promptly detecting any potential vulnerabilities within their systems.Originality/valueThe authors ascertain that the material presented in this manuscript will not infringe upon any statutory copyright and that the manuscript will not be submitted elsewhere while under Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society review.

The curious case of the lion from Berlin in summer’ 23: how Internet media shapes risk perception from wildlife-human conflict

Introduction. This paper explores the reactions of citizens to a perceived security risk at the human-wildlife interface mediated by social and traditional media sources. We take the case study of a reported ‘lioness’ appearing in the outskirts of Berlin as a risk to human and domestic animal life, sparking media frenzies.
 Methods. The subjects’ reactions to and perceptions of risk can be analysed through a mixed-methods (quantitative and qualitative) approach to information obtained via the respective media channels in covering the phenomenon as a newsworthy event of this research identifies three distinct peaks in public interest and response.
 Results. Following a Foucauldian tradition of problematisation, and a scholarship of critical media studies, we demonstrate that the ordering of animals in relation to society allows for a normalisation of certain threats from human-wildlife conflict while placing others in a state of exception which needs immediate action. We do not take the social conditions of predator-prey relations as a given, but seek to ‘de-normalise’ them and question the level of risk constructed, which plays out across public and media spheres and may carry over into human-wildlife conflicts. Our case study shows how social media posts can lead to the emergence of a perceived risk to society, which is reacted to dramatically, and whose emergency situation becomes a newsworthy event that confirms and seems to justify the level of security measures taken. The engagement of citizens online and with the emergency response teams can be viewed as overreacting to the situations based on having a real sense of danger of a ‘lioness’ penetrating their interactions with larger wildlife.
 Conclusions: That is, until it is determined that no immediate risk exists, and the actions taken are critiqued as a hysterical misinformed approach of ‘city dwelling’ officials lacking knowledge of wildlife in one’s region. We then speculate about what ethical and political repercussions this may create for multispecies co-existence with predators and pests in Germany.

Perceived Online Tax Compliance Measures on Tax Compliance among Online Traders in Kenya

In several developing countries, tax collection by government relied on manual taxation, but there is now more drive towards introduction of electronic online filling of taxes. In Kenya, online tax system relies on integrated tax system known as iTax system. This study determined the relationship between online tax system and tax compliance among online traders in Uasin Gishu in Kenya. The study is based on three theories as part of the theoretical framework, that is, the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) Theory and Game Theory Model of Equilibrium in Tax Compliance. The research study adopted a positivist research paradigm and explanatory research design. Primary data were collected using online questionnaires from a sample of 160 online traders respondents in Uasin Gishu. The study found that during the response to five attributes of tax compliance, the there was low levels of tax compliance. The study also reported low levels of perceived iTax security concerns as well as perceived tax system stability. The multiple linear regression coefficient (R2 = 0.863, P < 0.001) was positive indicating a positive correlation between perceived iTax security and perceived tax system stability with tax compliance. We conclude that perceived security risks concerns and perceived tax system stability affected tax compliance among online traders in Uasin Gishu County. Based on the findings, it is suggested that policy makers should not just place emphasis on technology but pay more attention on the characteristics of potential iTax users, e.g. their perceived security and system stability while implementing iTax service.

A Study of Young People’s Intention to Use Shared Autonomous Vehicles: A Quantitative Analysis Model Based on the Extended TPB-TAM

Shared autonomous vehicles (SAVs) have the advantages of both autonomous driving technology and shared transportation, which is an important development direction for intelligent and green transportation in the future. However, a lack of trust and a high perceived risk have reduced the public’s willingness to use this mode of travel. To improve the public’s willingness to use it, many scholars have conducted research, but young people are still a neglected group. A structural equation model was used to test the models based on 316 survey samples. The results indicated that initial trust had a significant positive effect on the intention to use SAVs, while perceived security risk and perceived privacy risk had no significant effect on the intention to use, but perceived security risk can indirectly negatively affect the intention to use. In addition, attitude and face consciousness had a significant positive influence on intention to use, while subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and perceived usefulness had a significant indirect positive influence on intention to use SAVs. The findings showed that the model used in this paper was reasonable and valid for explaining young people’s willingness to use SAVs. This will provide guidance for formulating more effective strategies for this group.

The Influence of Digital Maturity, Competitive Priorities and Decision-making Styles on the Acceptance of Digital Technologies in Micro and Small Organizations

The subject of this research is to determine the level of digital technology acceptancein micro and small organizations. There is a lack of research in the existing literaturethat would move away from existing models and theories and explain the reasons fordigital technology acceptance by micro and small organizations. It was noticed thatresearch on the intention to accept digital technologies in micro and small organizationsneeds to focus on moderating factors, the influence of which has been neglected inexisting research.For this reason, a model for digital technology acceptance by micro and smallorganizations was created, which explored the effect of moderating factors andencompassed the key characteristics of micro and small organizations. The effect ofperceived financial risk, perceived security risk, perceived loss of time, perceivedgovernment pressure, and the level of knowledge of decision-makers on the intentionto accept digital technologies are examined. As well the relationship between externalpressure (market participants' pressure and crisis circumstances) and the level ofknowledge of decision-makers in organizations was explored.The focus of the research is to explore the moderating effect of the organization's digitalmaturity and competitive priorities on the relationship of factors (perceived securityrisk, perceived loss of time, perceived government pressure) and intent to accept digitaltechnologies. The moderating effect of the decision-makers decision-making style onthe relationship between external pressure (market participants' pressure and crisiscircumstances) and the level of knowledge of decision-makers are explored as well.

Variations on Internet of Things adoption factors between India and the USA

Purpose: This study examines the variations on Technology Adoption Factors, including the cultural aspects in both developing and developed countries for Internet of Things, as the Technology Adoption Factors are not common across the globe.Although much research has focused on the technical aspects of Internet of Things (IoT) devices, attention is still required regarding IoT applications, features, use cases, and behavioural aspects in the context of the consumption and perception of IoT services.Design/methodology/approach: In this research, an empirical study is undertaken to identify the factors that influence the adoption of IoT services, using a model based on the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology.Findings/results: A survey of 800 users was administered in the United States of America (USA) and India. Reliability Tests, Validity Tests and exploratory factor analysis were performed to find the presence of common method variance across both countries. The findings reveal the significance of several independent variables on the adoption of IoT services, namely perceived security risks, perceived trust, social influence, facilitating conditions, and performance expectancy.Practical implications: This research provides evidence that cultural aspects, social influence and facilitating conditions play a significant role. Illustrations of Airtel, Reliance Jio promotions in India and data-driven decision making from mayors of the USA included.Originality/value: The research reveals the variation in IoT adoption factors between India and the USA. There are unique variations involved per country that need to be considered for the effective adoption of IoT.

Relationship between e-service quality dimensions and online banking customer satisfaction

Recently, the demand for internet banking has been gradually increasing the number of online banking customers, where the banking clients or customers do not need to visit a bank branch for their transactions. The principal focus of this inquiry is to ascertain how various aspects of e-service quality relate to online baking customers’ happiness, particularly with regard to Bangladeshi commercial banks. Data information was collected from three commercial banks in Bangladesh using an online survey questionnaire, and this study is quantitative and exploratory in nature. The study considered those bank customers who use frequently online/internet banking services. The sample size was n=200, and the study adopted a non-probability sampling approach. Five-point Likert scale was used to measure an item-wise question where “1” stands for “Highly Disagree” and “5” stands for “Highly Agree”. The consequences of this study demonstrate that e-service quality dimensions play a significant role in creating customer satisfaction for online banking customers. The study proposes four hypotheses, and the hypotheses are accepted in this research. Based on this study, bank management should have utilized e-service quality dimensions such as perceived security risk, perceived ease of use, perceived website quality, and perceived responsiveness to create the relationship between e-service quality dimensions and online banking customer satisfaction. Bank management will receive some guidance on developing policies and strategies to improve the satisfaction level of online customers.

Examining channel choice preferences for grocery shopping during the Covid-19 pandemic

Research on grocery shopping channel preferences has been growing in the wake of the Covid-19 pandemic. However, few studies have utilized the discrete choice experiment (DCE) to elicit choices in hypothetical scenarios. Moreover, attitudinal factors, which may better explain preference heterogeneity, are rarely considered. Given that the evolution of shopping behavior in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic has huge implications for transportation planning and modeling, this study aims to examine consumers’ grocery shopping channel preferences through a DCE that was constructed with three grocery shopping channels (home delivery, curbside pickup, and in-store) and five time–cost attributes (product price, shopping time, delivery time, delivery cost, and travel time). 8 603 responses were elicited from 1 229 Florida residents between February and April 2021. Information on various aspects of respondents’ shopping attitudes as well as their socio-demographic and household attributes, grocery shopping activities, and distance to the grocery store were also collected. Using mixed logit modeling for analyses, results indicate that individuals with low education, in low- to middle-income earning households, with three or more household vehicles, and having full access to a vehicle tended to prefer in-store shopping. Also, perceived security risk, pro-alternative mobility options, pro-local store shopping, and shorter distances to grocery stores predisposed individuals toward in-store shopping. Alternatively, females, young and middle-aged individuals, workers, and individuals in large households tended to prefer home delivery and curbside pickup. Technology savviness, pro-environment, pro-online shopping, and shopping enjoyment were also drivers of home delivery and curbside pickup purchases, while cost and time consciousness did not show significant effects. Overall, the findings in this study have implications for retailers, transportation planners, and policymakers.

Scaling AI-based industry 4.0 projects in the medical device industry: An exploratory analysis

As technological advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) accelerate, the effect it has on the adoption of Industry 4.0 is significant. The adoption of AI-based Industry 4.0 projects creates a significant opportunity to generate new revenue streams and high-value customer-centric products. However, medical device manufacturing organisations are strictly scrutinised by regulatory authorities due to the critical nature of these devices and their impact on humans. This presents a challenging environment for medical device manufacturers to experiment with and implement new technologies. However, the significance and impact of AI-based projects are acknowledged by regulatory authorities such as the FDA and EMA and PMDA, allowing the incorporation of AI-based devices. This change in regulations, although limited, opens up immense opportunities for medical device manufacturers. Although extensive studies on the barriers, challenges, and failure factors of AI projects are available, very few studies explore these from a medical device manufacturing perspective. This is essential due to the significant limitations posed by the regulations governing medical device development. This study analyses the challenges and factors affecting the scaling of AI-based Industry 4.0 projects in medical device manufacturing organisations. The study found three major factors influencing the scaling of AI-based Insutry 4.0 projects. They comprise infrastructural costs, security risks and a change management migration plan. However, investing in these factors with a view to scaling may create additional revenue sources and also help in reaching a faster return on investment. Such investments can also improve the overall productivity of the industry, allowing the creation of high-value customer-centric products. The perceived security risks in the industry were found to be higher than the risks analysed in previous literature, suggesting a need to create an informed workforce. The study also found that for effective implementation of scalable AI-based industry 4.0 projects a skilled workforce with a shared long-term vision is required.

A Design Framework of Exploring Moderating Factors in Perceived Security Risk for Blockchain Technology Applications in Cloud Storage: Enhancing Secure Healthcare Systems

A Design Framework of Exploring Moderating Factors in Perceived Security Risk for Blockchain Technology Applications in Cloud Storage: Enhancing Secure Healthcare Systems

Retracted: Perceived Security Risk Based on Moderating Factors for Blockchain Technology Applications in Cloud Storage to Achieve Secure Healthcare Systems

Retracted: Perceived Security Risk Based on Moderating Factors for Blockchain Technology Applications in Cloud Storage to Achieve Secure Healthcare Systems

Analysis of Factors Affecting E-Loyalty With E-Trust and E-Satisfaction as Mediation Variables on Halodoc Application Users in Indonesia

This study aims to analyze: the influence of factors that affect e-loyalty with e-trust and e-satisfaction as mediating variables on Halodoc application users. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire. The target population of the study is individuals aged > 17 years, who have done online teleconsultation at Halodoc at least 2 times and are willing to be respondents. Determination of the number of samples is determined by 280 samples. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The data was processed using Partial Least Square-Structural Equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The results show that the Technology Acceptance Model factors such as user interface quality, perceived security risk, and perceived privacy have a positive effect on e-trust and information quality, perceived security risk, perceived privacy, and e-commerce awareness have a positive effect on e-satisfaction, in This study found that information quality and e-commerce awareness do not have a positive effect on e-trust and user interface quality does not have a positive effect on e-satisfaction. Finally, e-trust has a positive effect on e-loyalty and e-satisfaction has a positive effect on e-loyalty for Halodoc application users in Indonesia. Managerial implications based on the results of data analysis, Halodoc must maintain the visual design of the application, display attractive information, the quality of the features contained in the application, update and provide up-to-date health information, maintain the security of patient's data and also providing 24-hour customer service, increasing awareness by increasing service promotions, providing public webinars or health talks, providing compensation to customers if there are problems regarding the services provided by Halodoc.

Potential determinants of consumers' intention to purchase 3D printed fashion products

PurposeFashion products such as clothes, accessories, bags and footwear created using 3D printed technology are referred to as 3D printed fashion (3DPF) products. This study investigates consumers' motivation to purchase 3DPF products. In particular, this study adopts a multi-dimensional approach to explore the effects of personality-related traits such as innate, domain-specific and actualized innovativeness, as well as examine the effects of perceptions toward 3D printing technology (3DPT) (i.e. perceived security risk, performance expectancy). Based on the concepts of consumer innovativeness and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), the authors expect the effects of consumers' innovativeness and perception of 3DPT and confirm its significant effects on a positive attitude toward 3DPF products and future purchase intention of 3DPF products.Design/methodology/approachA quantitative research design (i.e. survey) is utilized to examine the suggested relationships and application of existing theory in this study. All measurement items are adapted from previous literature and use a Likert-scale. The authors examined a total of 326 responses using a series of statistical analyses, including descriptive statistics, structural equation modeling and conditional process modeling.FindingsThe results of this study confirmed that innate and domain-specific innovativeness are critical antecedents of creating a positive attitude toward using 3DPF products through perceptions toward 3DPT. In addition, 3DPF innovativeness, as actualized innovativeness, was validated to strengthen the relationship between personal innovativeness and attitude, providing evidence that innovation-related traits can predict behaviors. Interestingly, technological innovativeness was not found to be a predictor of perceived security risk. It may be due that 3DPF products are still novel to consumers.Research limitations/implicationsThe study participants were people who were interested in technology, not consumers who had prior experience with using 3DPF products. Future studies are encouraged to include consumers who have actually purchased or used 3DPF products.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study indicate that consumers' use of new technology is determined by personality and interest in specific product categories. Practitioners may use this information to segment/target consumer groups to introduce a new/unfamiliar product.Originality/valueThe findings of this study contribute to the existing literature on consumer adoption of innovation by combining two approaches, the hierarchy of consumer innovativeness and the UTAUT, in the context of advanced technology adoption behavior.

Perceived Risks toward In-Vehicle Infotainment Data Services on Intelligent Connected Vehicles

With the evolution of Internet of Vehicles (IoV) and intelligent transportation systems, intelligent connected vehicles (ICV) are becoming the trend in automobile industry worldwide. Assisted by road-side infrastructure and vehicle-mounted sensors, in-vehicle infotainment (IVI) data services are gradually growing more popular with drivers and passengers. In particular, IVI data services are not only restricted to internal cabin, but also are being extended to the external environment (e.g., workplace and home). These data categories include personal demographics/bioinformatics, usage habits, travel patterns, real-time location, audio, video, etc., which in turn induce perceived risk concerns around the data privacy and security of occupants. In this paper, we collect answers from 500 valid respondents and then construct a structural equation model to investigate key factors influencing users’ attitudes and behavioral intention (BI) towards IVI data services. Therein, trust is considered to play a vital role in attitude, and is assumed to be affected by perceived security risk (PSR), perceived privacy risk (PPR), and perceived performance risk (PFR). The results show that PSR and PPR have negative effects on user trust. The data breache anxiety positively influences PPR, which explain 75% of variance. In addition, trust can directly affect attitude and BI, which explain 28.6% of variance in attitudes towards IVI data services. Respondents score higher on average for attitude (Mean = 5.762, SD = 0.89) even where perceived risks exist. BI is influenced by the factors of PSR, PFR, trust, and attitude. Through this study, we intend to reveal the relationships among the factors of perceived risk, trust, attitude, and BI towards IVI data services, then provide guidelines for vehicular data governance in order to consolidate user trust for a safer mobility ecosystem.

Cloud-based accounting information systems usage and its impact on Jordanian SMEs’ performance: the post-COVID-19 perspective

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the factors influencing the usage of cloud-based accounting information systems (AIS) in the crisis era (i.e. the COVID-19 pandemic) by expanding the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) with new related critical factors.Design/methodology/approachA quantitative research approach based on a cross-sectional online questionnaire was used for collecting empirical data from 438 potential and current users of cloud-based AIS. Structural equation modeling based on analysis of a moment structures 25.0 was applied in the data analysis.FindingsThe outcome of the structural path revealed that performance expectancy, social motivation, COVID-19 risk (COV-19 PR) and trust (TR) were significantly influencing users’ behavioral intention (BI) toward using cloud-based AIS and explained 71% of its variance. While, contrary to what is expected, the impact of effort expectancy and perceived security risk (SEC) on BI was insignificant. In addition, BI was revealed to influence the actual usage behaviors and explained 74% of its variance. The outcome factors: communication quality (CQ) and decision quality (DQ) were significantly influenced by the usage of cloud-based AIS.Practical implicationsThe current research would be valuable for small- and medium-sized enterprises officials and policymakers to illustrate the relatively low rates of cloud-based AIS and formulate strategies to boost the acceptance and use of cloud-based AIS by Jordanian users, where cloud-based services are still deemed as an innovation.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, the current study is the first academic paper that extends the UTAUT by integrating additional factors: TR, SEC and COV-19 PR. In addition to two outcome variables: CQ and DQ, to study the cloud-based AIS in the Jordanian setting beyond the COVID-19 pandemic. The current research contributes to the academic knowledge on information technology information system adoption by considering cloud accounting acceptance and use and integration into the work practices of users through the BIs and actual use of cloud-based AIS in Jordan.