Perambalur District Of Tamil Nadu Research Articles

Gender Determination Using Fingerprint Ridge Density in Perambalur District of Tamil Nadu

Gender Determination Using Fingerprint Ridge Density in Perambalur District of Tamil Nadu

An Economic Analysis on Production and Marketing of Maize in Perambalur District of Tamil Nadu, India

Tamil Nadu has a pride of place in the national maize scenario due to steadily increasing area under maize than other millets. The present study was taken up to estimate the marketing cost and price spread for Maize in Preambular District, to identify the major marketing channels for Maize in the study area and to identify the production and marketing constraints/factors of Maize. Multi stage random sampling procedure was followed to select the blocks, villages and farmers. Finally, 100 farmers were selected for the study. The study identified that per hectare total cost of cultivation of maize worked out to be Rs.45766 per ha. The yield realized was 51 qtl per hectare. Gross returns realized from one hectare of maize grown by the sample farmers was Rs. 55080 per ha. Net returns realized from one hectare of maize grown by the sample farmers was Rs. 9314 per ha. Producer-farmers received a net price of Rs. 946.4/q in channel I (Producer - Commission Agent - Wholesaler- Processor / Consumer) which accounted for 75.23 per cent of consumer’s price. And the same was Rs. 1015/q in channel II (Producer-Local Trader - Wholesaler – Processor / Consumer) which accounted for 75.69 per cent of consumer’s price.

Efficacy of New Herbicide Formulation on the Growth and Yield of Maize (Zea mays L.)

A field experiment was carried out at a farmer’s field in the Perambalur District of Tamil Nadu, India, during the kharif season of 2021 to ascertain the effects of various weed management methods on the growth and yield of maize. The study comprised ten treatments (Pre application of Atrazine was fb post emergence application were 2,4-D, Halosulfuron methyl, Tembotrine, Tembotrine+ Atrazine, Mesotrione + Atrazine) and was set up in a Randomized Block Design. Hand weeding on 15 and 30 DAS ranked first and resulted in the lowest weed count on 45 DAS (Grasses – 2.73, Sedges – 3.12, BLW’s – 6.34), weed biomass on 30 and 45 DAS (10.89, 6.09 g), weed index (0 %) and highest weed control efficiency (93.71 %) among all the treatments examined. Among the herbicides sprayed, pre-emergence herbicide atrazine followed by post-emergence herbicide tembotrine had the lowest weed count on 45 DAS (Grasses – 2.90, Sedges – 3.44, BLW’s – 6.68), weed biomass (12.10, 12.55, 6.77 g m2), weed index (0.29%) and highest weed control efficiency (93.28%) and resulted in tallest height (204.12 cm), leaf area index (6.04), dry matter production (8.92 t ha-1), cob length (22.4 cm), grain yield (4.47 t ha-1) and stover production (5.71 t ha-1).

Anxiety and Stress During the COVID-19 Lockdown Among the General Population in Perambalur: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and lockdown had a significant impact on mental health during the last two years. However, the majority of studies do not concentrate on the risk and protective factors that influence the relationship between COVID-19 and subjective well-being. Therefore, the present study aims to identify such stressful experiences and the influence of COVID-19 and various stressors. Methodology We have conducted this community-based, cross-sectional, analytical study in the Perambalur district of Tamil Nadu for four months. After obtaining approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee, we gathered data for the study. Two field practice areas were involved in data collection. A convenient sampling procedure was used to select 291 households for the study. The lead investigator interviewed one individual from each household, preferably the head of the family. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect the pertinent information.The Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS),Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), andGeneralized Anxiety Disorder(GAD) scale were used to assess anxiety and stress.All collected data were entered into Microsoft Excel (Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, WA), and SPSS software version 21 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY) was used to analyze the results. Results Among the participants, 34% had a history of COVID-19 infection, and 58.4% of the families had at least one chronic comorbidity among the family members. The CAS score was significantly associated with the residence (p = 0.049), marital status (p = 0.001), and previous history of COVID-19 (p = 0.016) of the study participants. The study found that gender was the only factor associated with both the PSS score (p = 0.022) and the GAD scale score (p = 0.010) of the study participants. Conclusions Even though doctors can treat many mental health illnesses for a comparatively minimal cost, there is still a wide disparity between those who require care and those who have access to it. Governmental programs and regulations that conduct routine surveys to identify anxiety and stress can lead to successful preventative strategies.

EFFICACY OF TRICHODERMA AGAINST GREEN GRAM ROOT ROT PATHOGEN MACROPHOMINAPHASEOLINA

Green gram (Vignaradiata L.) is one of Indias most essential and widely cultivated pulse crops. Several biotic and abiotic factors cause the yield loss in green gram. Among the biotic factors, root rot is one of the devasting factors which can cause maximum yield loss under severe conditions. Ten pathogenic isolates of Macrophominaphaseolinacausing root rot in Greengramwere collected from different locations in the Perambalur District of Tamil Nadu. The isolates produced root rot symptoms under artificial inoculation to confirm the pathogenicity. Among these isolates, Macrophominaphaseolina 1 isolated from Valikandapuramwas virulent, which took for further study. To test the efficacy of fungal biocontrol agents against the Greengram root rot pathogen, ten Trichodermaviride were isolated from ten different places in the Perambalur District of Tamil Nadu and evaluated in vitro. Among the ten isolates tested against Macrophominaphaseolina, the isolate Tv- 1 isolated from the Esanai village of Perambalur District effectively arrested the mycelial growth of Macrophominaphaseolina, which recorded 61.00 per cent growth inhibition over control.

POPULATION DYNAMICS OF Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) IN PERAMBALUR DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU

The Fall Armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), a migratory polyphagous pest with high feeding preference to maize, is native to American continent but detected in African continent in the year 2016 and reached the Indian sub-continent by 2018. Now the pest has been spread over the maize growing states in India and causing drastic economic loss. Studies on population dynamics of Spodoptera frugiperda was carried out in all the four blocks of Perambalur district of Tamil Nadu by conducting the season long survey with the aim to correlate the occurrence and weather variables. The number of egg masses and larval population were counted and percent infestation was worked out. Among the four blocks, Veppur block showed the heavy infestation of 85%. Thus, the climatologic conditions prevailing in the cropping season decides the fluctuation and abundance of FAW. So, abiotic factors must be taken into consideration in the IPM model for the management of FAW.

Health information seeking behaviour of rural women in Perambalur District of Tamil Nadu, India

This paper aims to provide some findings of health information behavior of rural women in Perambalur District. The study revealed the health status, Health awareness, and Health Satisfaction and Health Information Seeking behavior of rural women in Perambalur Distirct. In this study, survey method has been used. Health Information Status questionnaire has been developed to assess the Health Information Status among Rural women from Perambalur District has been considered as a population of the study. The strata random sampling technique is used for this research study. This technique will be very useful in the case of a large population. In the present project, 498 rural women from 121 village panchayat comprise of four panchayat unions have been taken. Rural women in Perambalur district are having poor health information seeking behaviour in sanitation facilities and having less knowledge in understanding of health schemes and usage of health schemes. Most of the rural women in Perambalur District having fatal death, Gastrointestinal, lung diseases, and Urinary Tract Infections as in their family medical history. The rest of them are having other than these diseases. It could be inferred that they are not having much awareness about these diseases.

A Study on Adoption of TNAU Released Small Onion Variety CO (On) 5 among Farmers of Perambalur District, Tamil Nadu

Onion (Allium cepa L.) is an inevitable vegetable in Indian diet. India holds first place in onion cultivation in the world and Tamil Nadu state occupies ninth place in onion production in India. Perambalur district is the top most producer of small onion in Tamil Nadu. This study was aimed to find the adoption level of small onion variety CO (On) 5 among the farmers of Perambalur district of Tamil Nadu. This study had been conducted using ex post facto research design. Of the 4 blocks of Perambalur district, Alathur block was purposively selected for this study that it produces more quantity of small onion compared to other 3 blocks. Irur, Chettikulam, Nattarmangalam and Padalur were the four villages selected in Alathur block for study. The data were collected from 120 respondents among selected four villages using well-structured interview schedule between April to May, 2022. The collected data were tabulated and analysed using frequency and percentage. The results of the study revealed that 65.83 % of the respondents belonged to medium level of adoption category, followed by 23.33 % and 10.33 % of the respondents in low and high level of adoption categories. The farmers who had adopted small variety CO (On) 5 have not been adopted the package of practices properly.

GIS-Based Assessment of Groundwater Quality for Drinking in Perambalur District of Tamil Nadu

Water quality parameters such as TDS, Ca , Mg , Na , K, Cl, So , F, pH and TH were used to determine the groundwater quality in 2+ 2+ + 2 4 the Perambalur district of Tamil Nadu. The BIS scale is used to determine the water quality index based on standard weight. ion The chemical indicates that an alkali exceeds periods The highest numbers of wells alkaline earth and weak acids exceed strong acids in both monsoon . where the chemical constituents were above the permissible limit Mg , TDS and total hardness and the lowest was in Ca . In 2018, poor with 2+ 2+water quality covered 1345 sq km in pre-monsoon and 1203 sq km in the post-monsoon season. Therefore, it is imperative to improve water quality using proper water purification and pollution control in areas where poor water quality is noted.

Knowledge Management System Among Onion Farmers Using Ict In Perambalur District Of Tamil Nadu

The purpose of this study is to examine how Knowledge level augmented parameters impact on the effective adoption of information and communication technology (ICT) by onion farmers in Perambalur district of Tamil Nadu. Data were gathered from a focus group made up of 60 Farmers in Perambalur district. The paper finds that a willingness of indigenous ICT users is particularly influenced by the recognition and incorporation of visible social imperatives during the adoption process. Research limitations/implications – The outcome of this study highlights important issues for ICT adoption. One particular area that must be taken into consideration is the adoption channel. Perceptions of ICT adoption will differ significantly among adopters. For this reason, the need for developing an appropriate adoption channel that ensures successful diffusion of the innovation should be recognized. The paper also demonstrates that Knowledge Management System among farmers using ICT to yield more profit in onion Production form knowledge distributed by the experts. Hence the research work carried out to acquire, represent, and distribute the knowledge Management system to the Farming community.

Knowledge Management System Among Onion Farmers Using Ict In Perambalur District Of Tamil Nadu

The purpose of this study is to examine how Knowledge level augmented parameters impact on the effective adoption of information and communication technology (ICT) by onion farmers in Perambalur district of Tamil Nadu. Data were gathered from a focus group made up of 60 Farmers in Perambalur district. The paper finds that a willingness of indigenous ICT users is particularly influenced by the recognition and incorporation of visible social imperatives during the adoption process. Research limitations/implications – The outcome of this study highlights important issues for ICT adoption. One particular area that must be taken into consideration is the adoption channel. Perceptions of ICT adoption will differ significantly among adopters. For this reason, the need for developing an appropriate adoption channel that ensures successful diffusion of the innovation should be recognized. The paper also demonstrates that Knowledge Management System among farmers using ICT to yield more profit in onion Production form knowledge distributed by the experts. Hence the research work carried out to acquire, represent, and distribute the knowledge Management system to the Farming community.

ESTIMATION OF COTTON AND MAIZE CROP AREA IN PERAMBALUR DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU USING MULTI-DATE SENTINEL-1A SAR DATA

Abstract. Crop classification is a key issue for agricultural monitoring using remote sensing techniques. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data has an advantage in crop classification because of its all-weather imaging capabilities. The objective of this study was to investigate the capability of SAR data for estimation of cotton and maize area in Perambalur district of Tamil Nadu. The multi-temporal Sentinel-1 SAR data was acquired from 2nd September, 2017 to 24th January, 2018. Both the Vertical-Vertical (VV) and Vertical-Horizontal (VH) polarized data was used. Ground truth data collection was performed for cotton and maize during the vegetative, flowering and harvesting stages. Sixty per cent of the ground truth data were used for training and remaining forty per cent were utilized for validation. The temporal backscattering coefficient (σ0) for cotton and maize were extracted using the training datasets.. The mean backscattering values for cotton crop during the entire cropping period had a range from −11.729 dB to −8.827 dB and from −19.167 dB to −14.186 dB for VV and VH polarization respectively. For maize crop it ranged from −11.248 dB to −8.878 dB and from −19.043 dB to −14.753 dB for VV and VH polarized data respectively. The Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) and Decision Tree classifier (DT) methods were adopted for cotton and maize area estimation. SAM classified 73259 and 51489 hectares (ha) as cotton and maize respectively in VV polarization. DT classified the area of 61501 and 64530 ha for cotton and maize respectively in VH polarization. The accuracy measures, such as overall accuracy, producer’s accuracy and user’s accuracy and kappa coefficient were estimated. SAM classifier exhibits the overall accuracy of 73.3% for VV Decision tree classifier reported the overall accuracy of 75.0% for VH. It is evident from the present study, that the multi-temporal Sentinel-1 SAR sensor can be well used for the discrimination of cotton and maize crops because of its high temporal resolution which captures the complete phenology of the crops during the cropping period.

Factors Influencing the Constraints Perceived by the Small Scale Backyard Goat Farmers

A study was carried out to analyze the constraints in the small scale backyard goat farming in Perambalur district of Tamil Nadu. The data for the study was collected from 60 backyard goat farmers’ by simple random sampling method. Backyard goat farming is largely carried out by the resource poor households for support purposes because of their low initial investment. Though the goat farmers earn profit from the goat farming they face lots of problems in day to day farming activities which reduces their income. Constraints in the various categories of goat farming were analyzed using Likert scale. Lack of knowledge about balanced feeding, non-availability of green fodder, non-availability of improved breeding bucks, higher mortality rate in kids, exploitation by middlemen, lack of willingness in youths to take up the goat farming, lack of scientific knowledge in rearing goats, attack of goats / kids by predators were perceived as major constraints in backyard goat farming. The factors influencing the intensity of constraints were analyzed by multiple linear regression. Among the eight demographic and farm related variables taken as explanatory variables, five variables viz., educational status, occupation, distance from the veterinary hospital, distance from the market and experience in the goat farming were found to be associated with the constraint score in a significant manner and other variables were statistically non-significant.

Production and marketing efficiency of small onion in Tamil Nadu: An economic analysis

The present study was carried out to estimate the economics of cultivation, price spread, marketing channels, and marketing efficiency of small onion in Tamil Nadu. Highly perishable nature of small onion increases intervention of intermediaries. Perambalur district of Tamil Nadu was selected purposively since onion area is growing annually at the rate of 6.5 per cent in the district. Data collection was made from randomly selected 90 onion farmers from the study district. The Cobb-Douglas production function model, price spread estimation and Shepherd's ratio were employed for the study. The cost of production and net return per kg of small onion was Rs 4.76 and Rs onion. Direct marketing (Channel IV) followed by sales through retailers (Channel III) gave higher returns to the producer.

A cross sectional study on constraints in broiler farming at Perambalur district of TamilNadu

The poultry farming plays an important role in the rural economy of India. Broiler farming is faced with many challenges including diseases, predators and inadequate feed. The study was conducted in 30 respondents (30 Poultry farmers) with preformed questionnaire to analysis the constraints faced by the farmers in broiler farming using the Garrett ranking method. In the present study found that constraints in terms of marketing of chicks, non-remunerative price was the main constraints followed by transportation problem, Disease attacked time rumor regarding price fluctuation and late payment. A constraint faced by the farmers in production of chicken water scarcity is the main problem followed by high temperature, mortality problem, availability of labour and feed. Among the Social and natural problems outbreaks of disease was the main problem followed by predator animal likes cats, dog, and pollution of environment. The broiler farming is a profitable venture and has a bright future in the study area of Perambalur district of Tamil Nadu for reducing the constraints faced by the poultry farming community.

Soil moisture conservation practices on growth and yield of cotton under rainfed conditions of Tamil Nadu

A field experiment was conducted at Cotton Research Station, Veppanthattai, Perambalur district of Tamil Nadu between October 2012 to March 2013 to study the effect of different in situ moisture conservation practices on cotton. The main plot treatments (4) comprised of summer ploughing + harrowing, chisel ploughing + harrowing, summer ploughing + chisel ploughing + harrowing and incorporating coir pith (5 tons/ha) by coir pith applicator. The subplot treatments (5) included broad bed furrow, ridges and furrow, random tied ridging, basin listing and conventional method. Significantly higher and consistent availability of soil moisture (9.4-29.1 %) was recorded by incorporating coir pith using coir pith applicator as compared to other main plot treatments and among subplots, broad bed furrow conserved higher soil moisture (29.5 %) followed by ridges and furrows (27.2 %). Maximum plant height (142.3 cm) and dry matter production (4632.0 kg/ha) was observed in coir pith application with broad bed furrow treatment. Broad bed furrow increased the yield by 19.23 % (2167.5 kg/ha) over the control. Hence coir pith application with broad bed furrow is found to be the best practice for enhanced soil moisture availability as compared to other conservation practices for deep clay soils.

Adoption of improved scientific goat rearing practices in Tamil Nadu

A study was undertaken to investigate the adoption of improved scientific goat rearing practices in Perambalur district of Tamil Nadu. Data collected from 100 farmers revealed that breeding management (43.58%) had a highest adoption index followed by kid management (43.0%), health care (32.83) and feeding practices (13.91%) for goats. The overall adoption index for improved practices by goat farmers was 33%, which indicated poor adoption of improved goat rearing practices in the study area.

Sentinel 1A SAR Backscattering Signature of Maize and Cotton Crops

Crop discrimination is a key issue for agricultural monitoring using remote sensing techniques. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data are advantageous for crop monitoring and classification because of their all-weather imaging capabilities. The multi-temporal Sentinel 1A SAR data was acquired from 08th August, 2015 to 23rd January, 2016 at 12 days interval covering the extent of Perambalur district of Tamil Nadu. Both the Vertical - Vertical (VV) and Vertical-Horizontal (VH) polarized data are compared. The ground truth data collection was performed for cotton and maize during the vegetative, flowering and harvesting stages. The temporal backscattering coefficient (σ0 ) for cotton and maize are extracted using the training datasets. The mean backscattering values for cotton during the entire cropping period ranges from -10.58 dB to -6.28 dB and -20.59 dB to -14.53 dB for VV and VH polarized data respectively, and for maize it ranges from -11.08 dB to -7.07 dB and -19.85 dB to -14.14 dB for VV and VH polarized data respectively.

Integrated Fertilizer Prescriptions for Transgenic Cotton Hybrids under Rainfed Situation through Inductive cum Targeted Yield Model on Vertisol

ABSTRACTThe fertilizer prescription equations were developed for rainfed Bt cotton on Pielamedu series (Typic haplusterts) by adopting the inductive cum targeted yield model, and fertilizer requirements were quantified for Bt cotton based on soil test and yield target. The validity of fertilizer prescription equations was done by conducting test verification trials at four locations in Perambalur district of Tamil Nadu developed for rainfed Bt cotton. The fertilizer prescription equations were used to calculate the fertilizer doses for STCR treatments. The percent achievement of the targeted yield was within ±10% variation in all the locations for both the yield targets under nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK) alone and IPNS, proving the validity of the equations. STCR-IPNS based fertilizer recommendations for a yield target of 32 q/ha has recorded the highest yield, nutrient response ratio, and percent yield achievement in all the locations.

Genesis, classification and evaluation of cotton growing soils in semi arid tropics of Tamil Nadu

The study was carried out in the new research station of Tamil Nadu Agricultural University at Cotton Research Station, Veppanthatai of Perambalur district of Tamil Nadu was selected for developing the strong soil resource database for proper appraisal of their productivity potential and their rational use. This study was an embodiment with an objective of characterization, classification and evaluation of some black cotton soils in semi arid tropical region of Tamil Nadu. The black soils of CRS, Veppanthattai were formed at nearly level to plain topography on granitic gneiss parent material mixed with calcareous murram. The soil colour varied from very dark gray to dark grayish brown under dry and moist condition, respectively. The soils were very deep. The textural class of fine earth fraction was clayey and had coarse strong angular blocky structure. The clay content ranged from 52.9 to 64.3 per cent. The silt content in most of the pedons showed an irregular trend with soil depth. The sand content varied from 19.7 to 30.1 per cent. Bulk density increased with increasing depth. The moisture retention at field capacity (33kpa), permanent wilting point (1500kpa) and available water capacity were high. The pH values ranged from moderately alkaline (8.48) to strongly alkaline (9.13). The electrical conductivity of the pedons ranged from 0.14to 0.72 dS m ?1 indicating that these soils were non-saline in nature. The organic carbonstatus was medium (5.4 to 5.5 g kg ?1 ) in surface horizons, whereas, in subsurface horizons it was low and ranged from 0.70 to 4.6g kg ?1 . The CaCO 3 content varied from 7.3 to 15.5 per cent. The cation exchange capacity of soilswas high [44.6 to 48.8 c mol (p + ) kg ?1 ]. The exchangeable bases were high and in the order of Ca +2 > Mg +2 > Na + > K + on the exchange complex. Based on the morphology, physical, physico-chemical, and chemical properties of the soils, pedons were classified as per USDA soil taxonomy into orders Vertisols . The soils are very deep and ideal for cultivation of cotton, sorghum, soybean, greengram, blackgram, redgram, sunflower, sesamum, maize and pearlmillet.