Security Of People Research Articles

Zooming Into Video Conferencing Privacy

The COVID-19 pandemic outbreak, with its related social distancing and shelter-in-place measures, has dramatically affected ways in which people communicate with each other, forcing people to find new ways to collaborate, study, celebrate special occasions, and meet with family and friends. One of the most popular solutions that have emerged is the use of video conferencing applications to replace face-to-face meetings with virtual meetings. This resulted in unprecedented growth in the number of video conferencing users. In this study, we explored privacy issues that may be at risk by attending virtual meetings. We extracted private information from collage images of meeting participants that are publicly posted on the Web. We used image processing, text recognition tools, as well as social network analysis to explore our web crawling curated dataset of over 15,700 collage images, and over 142,000 face images of meeting participants. We demonstrate that video conference users are facing prevalent security and privacy threats. Our results indicate that it is relatively easy to collect thousands of publicly available images of video conference meetings and extract personal information about the participants, including their face images, age, gender, usernames, and sometimes even full names. This type of extracted data can vastly and easily jeopardize people's security and privacy both in the online and real-world, affecting not only adults but also more vulnerable segments of society, such as young children and older adults. Finally, we show that cross-referencing facial image data with social network data may put participants at additional privacy risks they may not be aware of and that it is possible to identify users that appear in several video conference meetings, thus providing a potential to maliciously aggregate different sources of information about a target individual.

Anticipative Urban Warfare Strategies on the Neo'post-Truth Era in Indonesia

Objective: The objective of this research was to explore the Universal People's Security Defense System that has not been well socialized in anticipating future threats. The aim of this research is to realize an anticipatory Urban Warfare strategy by creating a General National Defense Policy for 2025-2030 in the Neo' Post-Truth Era in Indonesia. Method: The qualitative method used in this research is a case study approach. Through literature study data collection and analyzing several rules regarding the urban warfare strategies, the research focused on how these elements mold the future policy on the neo ‘post truth era in Indonesia. Results: The facts about the threats of radicalism, terrorism, insurgency, separatism and social revolution change the arrival of military, non-military and hybrid threats into a new categorization of threats in the form of asymmetric, proxy, hybrid and information threats as urban warfare threats. Various countries have experienced the problem of urban warfare starting from the Arab Spring in the Middle East, African countries, South Asia and Southeast Asia, including Indonesia. The results of this research show, first, the forms of threats in the world and Indonesia in the form of asymmetric, proxy, hybrid and information threats. Second, the policy and implementation are in accordance with the General State Defense Policy in the Neo' Post-Truth Era in Indonesia in the form of a policy of balancing security and prosperity. Third, Anticipatory Strategy for Urban Warfare in the Neo ‘Post-Truth era in Indonesia in the form of intelligence cooperation, diplomacy and operations. The conclusion of this research requires the creation of the latest 2025-2030 jakum hanneg in anticipating Urban Warfare in Indonesia. Conclusion: Urban warfare is complex and challenging. This operation is not only military in nature, but also has many aspects because it must take into account the economic, social and other characteristics of the city. Successful urban operations require specialized strategy and training, as well as adapted weapons and equipment. Implementation policy general national defense can involve development strength reliable military and non -military for capable face threat in environment urban areas, including effective strategies and tactics in face urban warfare. This is possible involve training special for personnel military in urban battle, development appropriate technology and equipment for operation urban, as well good planning and coordination between various units and agencies involved in national defense. Apart from that, implementation policy general national defense can also cover effort to build cooperation with parties related in face threat of urban warfare. This can involve cooperation with police, government region, and society civil in effort for increase security and preparedness in face threat in urban environment.

민간조사제도에 대한 빅데이터 분석 연구

In this study, we would like to explore how the media means the private investigation system through “Big Cains,” a news big data analysis site. Therefore, it provided a big data system for the media and collected data from various media organizations to analyze media reports on private investigations through BigKinds, a news big data analysis system created as news content. In order to achieve the purpose of the research, the flow of keywords was identified by dividing them into 2000s, 2010s and 2020s and deriving and presenting the number of related articles every year during that period. As a result of this study, it was found that in the 2000s, the frequency of media reporting was low at a time when public interest in the private investigation system and various studies were not conducted in academia. Second, in the 2010s, there was a high topic rank on the private survey system compared to the 2000s, and various research and education were conducted in academia and industry related to government policies and private surveys. Third, the 2020s marked a high topic rank as related laws were revised, heralding a new change in the private investigation system. Therefore, it is hoped that the government will move in a direction that will greatly help the people's security demand by supplementing the protection of citizens' rights, minimizing conflicts between direct translations, and limitations of national security.

북한 치안체제의 역할과 기능에 관한 연구

The purpose of this study is to understand the social control system of the Kim Jong-un government by examining the roles and functions of the North Korean Kim Jong-un government's security system.
 From the inauguration of the Kim Jong-un government in 2012 to 2022, the role and function of national policy, public security policy, and the Ministry of Social Security, which constitute the security apparatus, were analyzed in detail. The outline of the detailed research is as follows: First, in order to analyze the role and function of the security policy in North Korea, theoretical discussions for the analysis of the security system were developed, and the theory of political system analysis and political system approach were introduced. The research analysis framework was constructed through the Narrow-Gauge theory, which emphasizes the distinctiveness of the political system, and the Super Mixed Mode Dictatorship approach.
 Through this, the study was conducted by dividing the Kim Jong-un government into the 1st power hereditary period, 2nd period of power building, 3rd period of power stabilization, and 4th period of power instability.
 Second, the ruling ideology and national policy of the Kim Jong-un government were examined. Third, the role and function of the public security system of the Kim Jong-un government were examined.
 North Korea's Ministry of Social Security is based on protecting Chairman Kim Jong-un and the Workers' Party of North Korea, and monitoring and controlling counterrevolutionary activities that threaten the dictatorship, rather than what is stipulated in the People's Security Control Act.
 In particular, Chairman Kim Jong-un operates the Defense Security Bureau, the Ministry of State Security, Ministry of Social Security, and Ministry of National Defense as direct agencies, strengthening the one-man rule system.
 The main role of Ministry of Social Security is, first, the enforced propagation of the ruling ideology, and second, the implementation of intricate social control policies.
 The primary functions of social safety encompass maintaining public order, engaging in crime prevention activities, identifying and apprehending criminals, conducting sanitary inspections, managing resident registrations, overseeing overseas diplomatic missions, and supervising prison facilities. Notably, it is responsible for conducting extrajudicial house searches, inspecting lodgings, carrying out involuntary examinations, making arrests, and managing detention functions.
 As for future research tasks, it is necessary to more organically analyze the roles and functions of the Kim Jong-un administration's three major social control agencies, such as the Ministy of Social Security, the Ministry of National Security, and the Defense Security Bureau. This is because these institutions are key pillars supporting the Kim Jong-un Government.

ASSESSMENT OF THE ACTUAL SITUATION OF MEETING THE NEEDS OF KARATE-DO TRAINING PROGRAM FOR STUDENTS OF THE PEOPLE’S SECURITY ACADEMY

Use the method of document reference, interview, sociological investigation and mathematical statistics methods to assess the actual situation of the extracurricular Karate-do training program for students of the People’s Security Academy, and at the same time select criteria to assess the needs of the extracurricular Karate-do training program, on that basis, assess actual situation of meeting the needs of the extracurricular Karate-do training program for students of the People’s Security Academy. As a result, the extracurricular Karate-do training program currently being used at the People's Security Academy is only satisfied in a moderate manner. Therefore, building an extracurricular Karate-do training program in the direction of meeting needs is a necessary and urgent matter.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0065/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

Defense Strategy In Dealing With Threats Of National Security

The national defense strategy is to prevent, deter and overcome threats and disturbances to the integrity of the nation and state in various forms by developing capabilities as the main component in the form of ready reinforcements and reserves so that they have high preparedness and immediate response. Indonesia's national defense is not carried out solely by military means, but is carried out based on three main pillars, namely the use of defense force, international cooperation and the development of defense forces even though Indonesia's national defense strategy does not adhere to the development of defense force facts. The purpose of this study is to determine the strength of the country's defense through the Indonesian National Armed Forces with the readiness of military operations other than war in the face of non-military threats. This study uses a descriptive qualitative research method with a literature study followed by data presentation, reduction and conclusion. The result of this research is that the state defense is carried out with several efforts such as forming a reserve component, establishing a universal people's security defense system, preparing an active defensive defense, and preparing a multi-layered defense.

Impact of Social Media on Education: Both Positively and Negatively

Social media is an online platform that people use to create networked or hang out with others that have similar hobbies, interests, backgrounds, or real-world connections. Social networks have a big effect on young people. Social networking websites can help young individuals develop their social skills. A web-based method of exchange of information is called social media. Users can engage in conversations, share information, and produce material to post on the web via social media sites. There are many various types of social media, including blogs, microblogs, blogs, networking sites, sharing of photographs and videos internet pages, messaging programs, widgets, podcasts, virtual worlds, and etc. The study's major goals were to determine social media's effects on education, both positive and negative. It occurs a critical review study with in-depth reviews and a qualitative research approach that is based on secondary data gathered from electronic sources which includes book chapters to assist journals, articles, research, the internet, and the Google search engine. Analytical methods were used to conduct the literature review, then an assortment of choices was made after carefully reviewing all the data. Social media has been found to have a variety of benefits, but it also has some drawbacks that have an impact on persons. As an example, online networking can manipulate the public at large by compromising people's security, and some insignificant websites can have an adverse effect on young people who may develop an arrogant attitude and engage in some unlawful conduct. As a last resort, all citizens are urged to embrace the social media's positive elements and avoid its negative ones so that we might benefit from these brand-new technologies

Ethnic Conflict between Oromo-Gumuz in Western Ethiopia Since 2008

For a long period, conflicts and instability in any part of Ethiopia have become a complex and interconnected problem that is present as part of the debate among Ethiopian communities. The primary security challenges in Ethiopia largely emanate from political exclusion/power struggle, ethnic and religious-based discrimination, violation of human rights, the proliferation of SALW, and poverty/famine as a significant threat to people's security. To strengthen this point, the article aims to study the causes of the Oromo-Gumuz inter-ethnic conflicts since 2008 along the border area. The study employed qualitative descriptive research to meet the stated objective of the study. Purposive sampling techniques were used to gather information. To attain the study objective, in-depth interviews and focus group discussions were used as primary data. Primary data were gathered from different informants in both Oromo and Gumuz. The study’s finding showed that the leading cause of the conflict between the Oromo and the Gumuz was competition over farmland and grazing land, border disputes, and lack of good governance. The presence of arms dealers and cattle raiders hiding in the name of ethnicity split the communities.

SUBJECTS OF NON-STATE SOCIAL SECURITY FOR PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV

SUBJECTS OF NON-STATE SOCIAL SECURITY FOR PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV

MASYARAKAT MUSLIM DI TENGAH KRISIS POLITIK: RESISTENSI MASYARAKAT NAGARI DILAM PASCA PERANG PRRI (1958-1965)

This research was motivated by the PRRI war that took place in Sumatra Batar in 1958- 1961 AD, this war was known as the civil war, because it was the central army or APRI who fought against the PRRI soldiers who came from West Sumatra. This war involved all the people in Minangkabau, without exception the people living in the Dilam village. This war caused a very severe impact on the lives of the people of Nagari Dilam, apart from material losses, the community also suffered psychological losses. After realizing that PRRI was repulsed by APRI, they left the nagari and hid in the forests of West Sumatra. The people of Nagari Dilam really feel how tense it is to live in a nagari that is continuously monitored by the OPR (Operation for the People's Security), to deal with this situation, the community has put up resistance (resistance) by returning to the mosque and surau. For this reason, this paper aims to explore the forms of resistance carried out by the community and explore the reasons for the Dilam village community to testify. To answer the existing problems, it takes stages of resistance research commonly used in historical research including: heuristics (Source Collection), source criticism, interpretation and the last is historiography (Writing). This research results that the form of resistance carried out by the Dilam nagari community is to return to the mosque and surau to study and explore Islam, which they have long adhered to, while the reason the Dilam nagari community carries out this resistance is: First, the community is afraid of OPR which often exerted pressure and intimidation against them. Both communities were afraid of the frequent killings carried out by the OPR against PRRI soldiers, and vice versa. The three inter-community killings became commonplace because there was no punishment for those who committed the killings.

Peristiwa Perebutan Pangkalan Udara Gorda di Cikande Tahun 1945

This study aims to describe the seizure of the Gorda Air Base in Cikande in 1945. The method used in this study is the historical method, including heuristics (source collection), source criticism, interpretation and historiography. The theory used in this research is the theory of Collective Action proposed by Charles Tilly. The results showed that in response to the news of Independence Indonesia that arrived in Banten, the Banten fighters carried out a power struggle and expelled Japanese soldiers from Banten. One of the seizure events occurred at Gorda Air Base. The seizure of Gorda Air Base ended well thanks to the collective and structured actions of the People's Security Agency (BKR) and the Special Police. Gorda Air Base functioned as a secret base, this base had an important role in Japanese air defense in Banten. The impact of the seizure of the Gorda Air Base added to the BKR obtained from the Gorda Air Base and was used to expel the Japanese from Banten. When the Gorda Air Base was taken over, it was used for flight training for Indonesian air fighters at the beginning of independence. The seizure of the Gorda Air Base was a brief event, but it had a significant impact on the struggle to seize and defend the Proclamation of Independence in Banten.

Kontribusi Pembela Tanah Air (PETA) dalam Pembentukan TNI dengan Pendekatan Historis dan Ilmu Pertahanan

The purpose of this study is to analyze and examine the social phenomenon of the formation of the TNI. This research is focuses on elevating the role and contribution of PETA in the formation of the TNI in terms of history and defense science. The research method used is a literature study method with a qualitative approach. The results showed that the Republic of Indonesia in general had been colonized by several European countries such as the Netherlands, Portugal and Japan. However, the suffering of colonialism was most felt when the Japanese Occupation Period formed the Defender of the Homeland Army (PETA). PETA is a security institution that was formed during the Japanese occupation of Indonesia in September 1943. PETA has contributed a lot to the forerunner of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia since before independence in the form of defiance and resistance to the Japanese army, securing the independence procession and being the first to raise the saka red and white. , changed its name to the People's Security Agency (BKR) to the Indonesian National Army (TNI). During the process of changing the name of the institution there have been several incidents ranging from rebellion to military aggression by the Dutch. As for the resistance and operations carried out ranging from guerrilla warfare, physical to non-physical. The Historical Approach is a condition of PETA's military since it was first formed until it turned into the TNI in various regions in Indonesia and the Defense Science Approach in the form of a tactical step/independence movement which led to PETA's contribution to Indonesia.

Students’ perception of “American English File Multipack 3” – a study at people’s security university

Coursebooks are of the utmost importance to language classes, and selecting a good textbook is of great value. Amongst them, the coursebook American English File Multipack 3 (AEF3) was chosen and has been used at People's Security University (PSU) for six years now. This study was designed to have a more critical view of AEF3 that could help identify features of the coursebook from PSU students' perspectives. Due to the scope of the study, only five aspects, namely Layout and design, Activities, Skills, Language type and Subject and content, were chosen to be investigated. In this study, a quantitative method was opted to conduct, and the data were accumulated through coursebook evaluation form returned by 85 students. The findings of the study revealed that under students' perspective, although there existed certain drawbacks in AEF3, was still evaluated positively. And thus, it is obvious that AEF3 is an appropriate coursebook for the context of PSU.

The Sociology of People Food; a New Concept on The Root of People's Food Security (The Environmental Principles Approach)

This study seeks to find other approaches to find solutions to people food problems. This study uses a qualitative approach through a process of observation and participatory research. The collection of data and information was carried out through a series of observations and extracting information from informants in the field using an open or unstructured interview sheet instrument. The study, hereinafter referred to as food sociology, in this paper confirms that people who have lost their food transformation pattern will find it difficult to achieve food security. Therefore, they are very close to food insecurity and crisis. A transformation process is needed, including diversifying food ingredients through a series of people's education processes to cultivate food diversification.

Optimization of the Universal People's Defense and Security System through Economic Resilience

The Universal People's Defense and Security System is a defense and security system with components consisting of all potential national powers in order to realize national defense and security. The Universal People's Defense and Security System is very important to be optimized to support stronger national resilience. This study aims to examine how to optimize the defense and security system of the universal people through economic resilience. The type of research that will be used by the author in this study is a normative juridical research using a statutory approach. The results of this study are viewed from 3 views, namely Law Number 3 of 2002 which shows the importance of optimizing the main, reserve and supporting components. Law Number 34 of 2004 discusses the importance of optimizing the Army and its inhibiting factors, and Law Number 2 of 2002 discusses the role of Polri in defense and security.

Effective Assessment of Solutions to improve the quality of Teaching of Candidate art for Students (Training System) at People's Security Academy

o improve the quality of teaching martial arts of the People's Police to students at the People's Security Academy. The topic used 05 routine research methods in sport and physical education to evaluate the effectiveness of solutions. The experimental subjects are 160 second and third-year students of 3 majors at the People's Security Academy, divided into 2 control and experimental groups, the experimental period is carried out in the academic year 2020-2021 from May September 2020 to July 2021. After experimenting with research methods in sports, the thesis has shown the effectiveness, superiority, and science of 09 solutions to improve the quality of martial arts teaching. People's Police for students at the People's Security Academy.

Choose Exercises Developing Speed Power for Men Students Application Martial Arts Team at People's Security Academy

Based on theory and practice, along with basic scientific research methods in the field of Sports, we have selected 24 exercises to develop speed-strength (Speed Strength). ) and 05 tests to evaluate strength and speed for male students of the Applied Martial Arts team at the People's Security Academy. On that basis, use the pedagogical experimental method to apply and evaluate the speed strength development exercises for the research object.

Key Frame Extraction Algorithm of Surveillance Video Based on Quaternion Fourier Significance Detection

With the improvement of people's security awareness, numerous monitoring equipment has been put into use, resulting in the explosive growth of surveillance video data. Key frame extraction technology is a paramount technology for improving video storage efficiency and enhancing the accuracy of video retrieval. It can extract key frame sets that can express video content from massive videos. However, the existing key frame extraction algorithms of surveillance video still have deficiencies, such as the destruction of image information integrity and the inability to extract key frames accurately. To this end, this paper proposes a key frame extraction algorithm of surveillance video based on quaternion Fourier saliency detection. Firstly, the algorithm used colors, and intensity features to perform quaternion Fourier transform on surveillance video sequences. Next, the phase spectrum of the quaternion Fourier transformed image was obtained, and he image visual saliency map was obtained according to the quaternion Fourier phase spectrum. Then, the image visual saliency map of two adjacent frames is used to characterize the change of target motion state. Finally, the frames that can accurately express the motion state of the target are selected as key frames. The experimental results show that the method proposed in this paper can accurately capture the changes of the local motion state of the target while maintaining the integrity of the image information.

The concept of an early warning system for the use of nuclear technology in Indonesia

The application of nuclear power plants in the world is increasing and has the potential for accidents, including nuclear weapons tests from outside the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, thus allowing radioactive releases to fall into Indonesian territory, which is a potential threat. Indonesia also utilizes nuclear power in many fields, thus also potentially becoming a national threat. To prevent the threat of radiation potential requires a nuclear disaster Early Warning System (EWS) that can be accessed by the community. This research analysed the EWS that Indonesia needed, using qualitative methods by describing the results of research obtained from interviews and secondary data. Results and research discussions starting from observation and monitoring of radiation exposure, warning services, information dissemination, and supported by countermeasures for the effectiveness of the EWS. The results showed that the development of an integrated nuclear disaster EWS that is easily accessible to the community quickly and continuously under the development of an emergency is a strategy as a decision to reduce the risk of nuclear disaster. The development of the strategy requires a legal basis that regulates coordination between ministries/institutions, from planning to information dissemination to ensure the safety of the public and Indonesian people's security.

Mayor KNIL Oerip Soemohardjo dan Sejarah Kebijakan Awal Pembentukan Tentara Nasional Indonesia

Oerip Soemohardjo was appointed second lieutenant (KNIL) on October 24, 1914 with the staamboek number 77352 contained in the Sinar Djawa daily edition of October 24, 1914, having previously graduated from the Jakarta Inlandsche Officiern School. Oerip was classified as an officer respected by all groups while serving in the KNIL. During 24 years of serving in the KNIL Oerip actually almost held the rank of Lieutenant Colonel before retiring. On October 5, 1945 BKR (People's Security Agency) forces were made TKR (People's Security Army). It was to organize the TKR that the Government, which at that time was still domiciled in Jakarta, summoned Mr. Oerip, who lived as a retired Major of KNIL near Yogyakarta. Pak Oerip obtained a mandate from the Government as the Chief of General Staff to organize TKR. Lt. Gen. Oerip Soemohardjo on 12 November 1945 summoned all Division Commander and TKR regiments to attend a meeting in Yogyakarta, the new seat of the TKR Headquarters, after Jakarta was occupied by Allied troops. The main event was the election of the Great Commander. The conference was chaired by the Chief of General Staff Lt. Gen. Oerip Soemohardjo and proceeded smoothly, but then a tense atmosphere emerged when it was announced about an urgency that could not be postponed, forced to hold an additional meeting agenda, which was to determine / choose the candidates to be elected as the Supreme TKR Leaders