Emotional Well-being Of People Research Articles

The effect of social support on the emotional well-being of people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Exploring the mediating role of spirituality.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that, so far, is considered always fatal. Treatments mainly consist in increasing survival and aim to improve the quality of life of people with ALS (pwALS). Social support and spirituality have been shown to play a key role in pwALS' quality of life. Our study explored it in depth by investigating the underlying mechanisms linking social support, spirituality, and emotional well-being. Thirty-six pwALS underwent a battery of tests evaluating emotional well-being (emotional well-being scale of the 40-item Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Assessment Questionnaire), social support (6-item Social Support Questionnaire), and spiritual well-being (12-item Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy - Spiritual well-being). Our recruitment was web-based through the FILSLAN and the ARSLA websites as well as through Facebook® advertisements (ALS groups). Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis and Process macro was used in an SPSS program to analyze the mediator variable effect. Availability of social support, spiritual well-being, and 2 of its dimensions, i.e., meaning and peace, were positively correlated with emotional well-being. The mediational analyses showed that spiritual well-being, meaning, and peace act as mediators in the association between availability of social support and good emotional well-being. Availability of social support and spirituality are essential for the emotional well-being of pwALS. Spirituality as a mediator between availability of social support and emotional well-being appears as real novel finding which could be explored further. Spiritual well-being, meaning, and peace appear as coping resources for pwALS. We provide practical guidance for professionals working with pwALS.

Loneliness before and after COVID-19: Sense of Coherence and Hope as Coping Mechanisms.

The COVID-19 pandemic posed a major threat to public health, with long-lasting consequences for the daily habits and practices of people around the world. The combination of hazardous health conditions and extensive changes to people's daily routines due to lockdowns, social restrictions, and employment uncertainty have led to mental health challenges, reduced levels of subjective wellbeing, and increased maladaptive behaviors and emotional distress. Nevertheless, some studies have reported increased adaptive functioning and resilience after the pandemic, suggesting a more complex pattern of effects. The goals of the current study were to explore the role of two coping variables, sense of coherence and hope, in people's emotional wellbeing and adaptation in dealing with loneliness before and after such a stressful period. In a cross-sectional study, 974 Israeli participants (sample 1: 540 participants before the pandemic; sample 2: 434 participants after the pandemic restrictions) answered online questionnaires about their loneliness, hope and sense of coherence levels before and after the pandemic. While the two groups did not differ in their levels of hope, the participants in the group before COVID-19 reported lower levels of loneliness and sense of coherence. However, the results also indicated that although the COVID-19 pandemic was related to increased levels of loneliness, the participants' sense of coherence mediated this increase and their levels of hope moderated it. The theoretical contribution of these findings is discussed, as well as interventional implications and future directions.

A Conversational, Virtual, Avatar-Led Cognitive Behavioral Therapy App Intervention for Improving the Quality of Life and Mental Health of People With Epilepsy: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder affecting about 1 in 100 people in the United Kingdom. Many individuals experience a lower quality of life as a result of their epilepsy diagnosis and are more likely to develop mental health problems, such as anxiety and depression. Medical interventions for this client group tend to focus on the treatment of seizures, whereas mental health disorders often remain undiagnosed and untreated. Early identification and treatment of mental health difficulties in people with epilepsy are vital to ensure better outcomes and improvements in quality of life. The aim of this exploratory randomized controlled trial is to evaluate whether an 8-week cognitive behavioral therapy-based intervention delivered through a mobile app-ThinkNinja for Epilepsy-is a clinically effective tool to improve quality of life, mental health, and emotional well-being in a large sample of people with epilepsy and anxiety or comorbid anxiety and depression. The study aims to recruit 184 individuals, 18 to 65 years of age, with a self-reported diagnosis of epilepsy and anxiety or comorbid anxiety and depression. Participants will be randomly assigned to the ThinkNinja for Epilepsy app condition (arm A) or the waiting-list control group (arm B). Participants in arm A will receive access to the ThinkNinja for Epilepsy app first. After 8 weeks, participants in arm B will receive the same full access to the ThinkNinja for Epilepsy app as the participants in arm A. This design will allow an initial between-subjects analysis between the two conditions as well as a within-subject analysis including all participants. The primary outcome is participants' quality of life, measured by the 10-item patient-weighted Quality of Life in Epilepsy questionnaire. The secondary outcomes include measures of anxiety, using the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder assessment; depression, using the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire; medication adherence, using the Medication Adherence Questionnaire; and impression of change, using the Patient Global Impression of Change questionnaire. Recruitment for this study began in March 2022 and was completed in October 2022. We expect data collection to be finalized by May 2023 and study results to be available within 12 months of the final data collection date. Results of the study will be written up as soon as possible thereafter, with the intention of publishing the outcomes in high-quality peer-reviewed journals. This study aims to determine the clinical efficacy and safety of the ThinkNinja for Epilepsy intervention at improving the quality of life, mental health, and emotional well-being of people with epilepsy. The findings from our study will hopefully contribute to addressing the critical gap in universal provision and accessibility of mental health and emotional well-being support for people with epilepsy. ISRCTN Registry 16270209 (04/03/2022); https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN16270209. DERR1-10.2196/40261.

As a pandemic strikes: A study on the impact of mental stress, emotion drifts and activities on community emotional well-being

The widespread, ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has brought to the fore concerns regarding the psychological well-being of people. Recent research revealed various issues impacting mental health of people. However, a systematic study of the emotional drift of the populace, has been precluded so far. Our investigative research seeks to explore stress factors for different subgroups in India, variation in primary emotions during COVID-19 initial phase, and the emotional impact of activities practiced by people to adjust to the new norms.We conduct an online questionnaire-based survey that elicits responses from 958 participants. Our analysis establishes significant correlations between pandemic-induced causative factors and stresses in subgroups and micro-community. Unexpected events during the pandemic disturbed community’s emotional equilibrium. Lastly, we find specific activities demonstrating an ameliorative impact on the emotional well-being of people. Our analysis emphasizes the need for a pre-planned infrastructure to provide Psychological First Aid (PFA) to foster psychological preparedness.

Transforming Loneliness: An Orthodox Christian Answer to an Increasing Loneliness in Disabled Populations

Social isolation and inactivity have a profound effect on one’s quality of life. In recent times, the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the social life of many. When it comes to disabled populations, emotional well-being is greatly affected by an increasing trend of social isolation. Research shows that people with disabilities perceive loneliness as unbelonging in childhood and disaffiliation to normative institutions in adulthood. Certainly, the efforts of building community bring richness and quality to life, but there are other solutions to addressing loneliness and solitude. Therefore, finding the true meaning of life is what can bring a positive vision of one’s world. In the Eastern Orthodox Christian ascetical theology, loneliness was transformed into a positive voluntary solitude and has been a central point of daily life, manifested from the ancient Christian sites to modern-day monastic and eremitic life. The present paper proposes a two-folded solution for reframing loneliness into empowerment. It starts with an insight into Frankl’s Man’s Search for Meaning and continues with finding a positive value of loneliness. The study examines different perspectives on loneliness and solitude which can improve the spiritual and emotional well-being of people with disabilities.

Supporting Young People's Emotional Wellbeing During The Transition To Secondary School In Regional Australia

Extensive international literature is available on aspects and impacts associated with students' transition from primary to secondary school. However, in regional and rural Australia, it is challenging for educators and healthcare professionals to ensure that interventions supporting the emotional wellbeing of students transitioning to secondary school are informed by context-specific evidence. This paper presents a narrative review of research published since 2010 investigating students' emotional wellbeing and psychological impacts of the transition to secondary school, with a focus on programs implemented to support young people during this transition. Research specific to students in regional and rural areas of Australia was lacking, with a marked absence of studies in regional and rural settings outside Western Australia and Tasmania. Similarly, research evaluating programs to support the psychological wellbeing of students transitioning to secondary school was lacking. However, this review provides a comprehensive overview of factors influencing the transition to secondary school from the perspectives of young people, their parents and teachers. These Australian data capture particular concerns and features that may inform development and implementation of interventions specific to the needs of young people in regional and rural communities across Australia. In schools where no specific intervention is planned, this review provides general guidance regarding challenges faced by transitioning students and possible ways students can be supported. In particular, this review highlights the need for educators and researchers to work together to develop and evaluate programs to support young people as they transition from primary to secondary school.

Supporting the emotional well-being of patients with diabetes mellitus in primary care.

Diabetes mellitus is a condition characterised by elevated blood glucose levels that can lead to significant acute and long-term complications. Alongside these physical complications, the condition can have substantial effects on people's emotional well-being, potentially resulting in diabetes distress and/or major depressive disorder. Therefore, timely assessment and referral of patients with diabetes who display signs and symptoms of diabetes distress or other mental health conditions are essential. This article discusses emotional well-being in patients with diabetes, and outlines some diabetes-specific validated assessment tools that can be used in practice. It also discusses the management and appropriate onward referral of people with diabetes who require support.

This is Me: Evaluation of a boardgame to promote social engagement, wellbeing and agency in people with dementia through mindful life-storytelling

Receiving a dementia diagnosis is a difficult experience for most people and often affects their wellbeing negatively. To support people's wellbeing, in a therapeutic context, life-storytelling, reminiscence and mindfulness are used with people with dementia. In an everyday context, traditional games are used as a resource for stimulating memory, cognition and social activity. While an increasing number of creative strategies are available to support people with dementia, the area of board games design and their effect on wellbeing is underexplored.This paper reports on the evaluation of the This is Me (TIM) mindful life-storytelling board game by the European project MinD. Using a co-design methodology, TIM was developed with and for people with mild to moderate dementia to support their wellbeing by enhancing self-empowerment and social engagement. A focus group methodology was used to evaluate TIM with 50 people with dementia and 19 carers across four countries. TIM was evaluated with regard to the usability and experience of the design as well as people's emotional wellbeing, social engagement and agency.The thematic analysis demonstrated that the combination of life-storytelling and mindfulness allowed players to engage in meaningful social interaction and, as a result, they reported enjoyment, learning, more acceptance of the past and present situation, and that they perceived looking forward into the future together with others as helpful. The study demonstrates that design can be a useful means to support people with dementia in aspects of emotional wellbeing, social engagement and a sense of agency.

Profile of Women Mental Health in Kirkuk Governorate

The terms mental health refer to the cognitive, behavioral, and emotional well-being of people. It all comes down to how people think, feel, and act. The word "mental health" is occasionally used to refer to the absence of a mental disease. Mental illness can have a negative impact on daily life, relationships, and physical health. (World Health Organization, 2019) . the aim of the study is to review prevalence rate of the mental health problems among women in Kirkuk city ,and To find out the relationship between incidence of cases and their demographical characterizes such as (age, occupation, residence) A descriptive study design and non-probability sample conducts for this study that includes data for women suffering of mental health problem were obtained from official records of specialized center for psychiatry at Azadi Teaching hospital of Kirkuk governorate this data includes of (401) inpatient and (1027) outpatient , Statistical data analysis is performed using SPSS version 26. the result shows the highest percentage of the studied cases were aged of 15-34 years old and was (58,8%), regarding their occupation ; (71.1%) were Housewife . (72.1%) of the cases were found to be urban residents. As for their medical diagnosis , (22.7%) of females have psychotic disorder. (52.6%) of women stay in the hospital for period from (1-4)days and (48.1%) of women was improved when discharge from the hospital; (81.5%) receive Medical treatment .As for their medical diagnosis of outpatient ; (20.1%) of females with Depression and (49.1%) of women visit the remedial committee . It was concluded through this study that a young housewives women and who are from the urban area represented the majority sample of this study. The study discovers that most common mental illnesses are Depression, psychosis, hysteria, schizophrenia, and anxiety. Another specialized psychiatric center need to be open due to the urgent need for psychological care services and health educational program should be adopted to encourage women to seek psychological counseling when needed, and raise awareness Keywords: women, health, mental, Kirkuk

Tinnitus – a manifestation of neurodegenerative diseases

Background Tinnitus is a widespread hearing impairment that can be characterized by the perception of sound, such as tone or noise, in the absence of an appropriate external sound source. The cause of tinnitus and mechanism are unclear. The prevalence of tinnitus is higher in people over 60 years of age. Tinnitus is usually a manifestation of а hearing impairment. Symptoms can be acute or chronic. In most cases, tinnitus manifests as an idiopathic condition. In the clinical practice, common factors that affect the psychological and emotional well-being of people with tinnitus are: fear, stress, anxiety and depression, which in turn can cause insomnia, impaired concentration and cognitive dysfunction. Tinnitus is a heterogeneous disorder in terms of its etiology and clinic. Tinnitus is associated with hearing loss, as both symptoms often occur together, though in many clinical cases, people with hearing loss do not develop tinnitus. Methods We present а clinical case of a patient diagnosed with a posturographic system, along with a full otoneurological and hearing examinations. Methods of videonystagmography, video head impulse test, subjective visual vertical, audiometry, tympanometry, otoacoustic emissions test, automated auditory brainstem response were used. We provided a dental check-up and an occlusion analysis. Patient filled out questionnaires and signed a written informed consent. The aim of the team was to analyze the manifestation of tinnitus as a precursor of a neurodegenerative disease. Results and discussion From the literature review done chronic tinnitus is associated with anatomical brain abnormalities, including decreased cortical gray matter and decreased white matter integrity. There is also a high prevalence of cognitive impairment reported among patients with tinnitus from a clinical point of view. Tinnitus is an independent risk factor for subsequent neurodegenerative disease. There are a number of neurological conditions that can be encountered in the otorhinolaryngological and dental practice. It is important for the dentist to enrich own knowledge of the underlying neurological conditions, as they may affect the provision of dental treatment. Our findings from the examinations executed are consistent with previous studies, which show that diabetes and head injuries can be risk factors for AD and neurodegeneration. Conclusions Further research is needed to re-confirm the conclusions of our research and to investigate the pathophysiology of the relationship between tinnitus and the Alzheimer’s disease and tinnitus and the Parkinson’s disease in more depth.

DISCOVERING AND APPLYING MINDFULNESS IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING: A BOOK-REVIEW

At the time when students and teachers are experiencing all the negative thoughts and emotions caused by transitions and changes which have come to their lives spontaneously, the power of mindful thinking plays an imperative role. One of the steps in promoting and maintaining social, and emotional well-being of people is to be connected. But a number of people do not know when and how to spark mindfulness and well-being to others. They think there are so many thoughts that linger on their minds and overload of those issues make them feel weary. As teachers handle several issues in the classroom and virtual world, their personal well-being which includes social, emotional, and mental being is pressed also. It is the intention of the reviewer to examine this widely circulated material that aims to inform or orient readers particularly professionals like teachers among others on how they can practice mindfulness to sustain and protect emotional and social well-being.

Serotonin in the elderly

Serotonin is said to determine our emotions, moods and affect. The physiology of serotonin implies it in the regulation of biological functions in line with our mood, like accelerated heart rate and sweating triggered by feeling flustered. Serotonin has multiple pharmacological actions in the body and alterations in serotonergic function may account for behavioural disturbances commonly observed in the elderly. The clinical effectiveness of selective 5-HT reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) is believed to be mediated through enhancement of extracellular 5 HT. Various studies have shown that the SSRIs are better tolerated in older people compared with the tricyclic antidepressant or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). It is obvious that serotonin plays a significant role in the emotional wellbeing of people – whether they are young or old and there are various ways of increasing serotonin in the body in order to create a feeling of wellbeing and content.

Sex and Relationship Education for the Autonomy and Emotional Well-Being of Young People.

In the transition to adulthood, sexuality and emotional relationships constitute one of the most important dimensions for the achievement of personal autonomy and emotional well-being. Despite advances in sex education, sexuality, and relationships remain conflictive areas in the development of young people. Inequalities between men and women, gender identities and sexual violence, along with the beliefs and expectations surrounding these issues, persist as handicaps to having a fulfilling relationship and sex life. At this stage, emotional well-being is also consolidated by one’s perception of sexuality and relationships from models learned in childhood, in which gender stereotypes and sexuality based on relationships of domination and discrimination persist. Therefore, we examined how the sexual beliefs and practices reported by young people correlate with their level of personal autonomy and responsibility in terms of risky behaviors and toxic relationships. The study shows the extent to which sexual beliefs and habits are linked to decision-making, personal development and social problems derived from conflictive relationships, affecting young people’s overall well-being. A questionnaire was developed based on the theoretical constructs of comprehensive sexuality and equality education (United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization [UNESCO], 2010, 2018; World Health Organization [WHO], 2010) with the following dimensions: sex education, sexual habits and practices, motivations, concepts, and beliefs about sexuality. It was distributed in institutions of higher education (N579) in Spain, Portugal, Argentina, and Brazil, and the results revealed a discrepancy between the reported practices and behaviors and the beliefs and models of reference. Key issues included sexuality and relationships as an aspect of personal life that generates confusion and conflict, as well as the propagation of gender and sexist stereotypes that influence young people’s emotional well-being, particularly important aspect in those young people who are training as future education professional.

Exploring young people's emotional well-being and resilience in educational contexts: A resilient space?

The term 'resilience' is pervasive in narratives of young people's emotional well-being. However, the meaning it has for those it describes is perhaps less well understood. Resilience was investigated as part of an engagement exercise into health improvement commissioning in educational contexts in the South East of England. One hundred and nine young people in total were involved, and this article reports data collected from two areas that were explored, comprising a sub-set of 58 participants: emotional well-being and resilience (n = 23) and the whole school approach (n = 35). It was apparent that while not all participants engaged with the term 'resilience' itself, they nevertheless often adopted creative individual and collective strategies to protect and enhance their emotional well-being. Furthermore, participants reported a sense of resilience that arose from a shared sense of adversity that helped strengthen collective support and solidarity, thus supporting previous work on emergent collective resilience. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed, along with a recommendation for more participatory research, so that young people can be more confident that their views are being considered within such exercises.

Animal-Assisted Intervention: A New Intervention for Mental Health and Well-Being

The relationship between humans and the lower animal species have been in existence since time immemorial. Across different cultures, mythology, cave paintings and historical writings abound with depiction of the intimate relationship shared between man and animal. Animals and animal figures have been revered as spirit energy; have served as emblems, as status symbols and more importantly have also served as companions. The contemporary pet industry is growing at a dramatic rate with more and more people opting to be “proud pet parents”. The last few decades has seen a rise in the interest among researchers to understand the impact of animals on the physical, physiological and psychological well-being of people. A new adjunct therapy has been initiated and studied, where trained animals are used as co-therapists to enhance the social and emotional well-being of people. This new approach has been implemented in mental health institutions as well as hospital and clinics, geriatric homes and special schools. The present paper is an overview of the nature of the human-animal bond, research examining the aspects that are benefitted by animal-assisted interventions and enumerates several theoretical aspects explaining the effectiveness of animal-assisted interventions.

Healthy body, healthy mind: A mixed methods study of outcomes, barriers and supports for exercise by people who have chronic moderate-to-severe acquired brain injury

BackgroundFew people with chronic moderate-to-severe brain injury are following recommended physical activity guidelines. ObjectiveInvestigate effects of planned, systematic physical activity while cultivating social and emotional well-being of people with chronic moderate-to-severe brain injury. HypothesisModerate-to-intensive physical activity would be associated with improvements in impairment and activity limitation measures (endurance, mobility, gait speed) immediately post-intervention and six weeks later (study week 12). MethodsThe intervention was a single group pre-/post-intervention study with 14 people with chronic moderate-to-severe brain injury who live in brain injury group homes and exercised 60–90 min, 3 days per week for 6 weeks at a maximum heart rate of 50–80%. Pre-post measures (administered weeks 0, 6 and 12) were the 6 Minute Walk Test, High-level Mobility Assessment Tool and 10 Meter Walk Test. The qualitative component used a brief survey and semi-structured interview guide with participants, family members, and staff. ResultsFollowing program completion, post-intervention group changes were noted on all outcome measures and greater than minimal detectable change for people with brain injury. Three transitioned from low to high ambulatory status and maintained this change at 12 weeks. During interviews, participants agreed the program was stimulating. More than eighty percent liked working out in a group and felt better being active. ConclusionsProgram impact included physical, cognitive and social/emotional aspects. Social aspects (group format, trainers) were highly motivating and supported by residents, family, and staff. Investments in transportation and recruiting and training interns to assist participants are critical to program sustainability and expansion.

Conceptual relationships between the ICF and experiences of mealtimes and related tasks among persons with Parkinson’s disease

The aim was to investigate experiences of mealtimes and related tasks among people with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and to link these conceptually to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Data were collected by use of semi-structured interviews of 19 people with PD. Inductive content analysis resulted in five categories: 1) Managing mealtime preparations and related tasks, 2) Compromised physical control, 3) Difficulties enjoying meals, 4) Difficulties eating together with others, and 5) Strategies to maintain conventional norms and independence. Deductive content analysis linked the categories to the ICF categories: body functions (mental, sensory, neuromusculoskeletal and movement-related functions); activities (self-determination and chores); participation (interpersonal interactions and relationships); and environmental factors (conventional norms, attitudes of friends and strangers). Emotional and involuntary movement functions were represented in all five inductively derived categories. Eating difficulties may have negative consequences on participation and the emotional wellbeing of people with Parkinson’s disease.

Obesity and emotional well-being in adolescents: Roles of body dissatisfaction, loss of control eating, and self-rated health.

Weak or inconsistent association between obesity and impairment in emotional well-being in population-based samples has led to efforts to identify mediating variables. This study examined the relative importance of body dissatisfaction (BD), loss of control (LOC) eating, and self-rated health (SRH) in mediating the association between obesity and impairment in emotional well-being in a school-based sample of adolescents (boys, n = 437; girls, n = 950). Moderated mediation analysis was employed to assess the relative importance of the putative mediating variables and moderation of mediation effects by sex following the methods suggested by Hayes and coworkers. BD and SRH, but not LOC eating, were found to mediate the association between obesity and impairment in emotional well-being. Stronger mediation effects were observed for BD than for SRH. None of these results was moderated by sex. The findings suggest that it may be important to target BD in obesity prevention and treatment programs in order to reduce the adverse impact of excess body weight on young people's emotional well-being.

What Lies Beneath: the BP Oil Spill and the Need for New Response Models

The response to the Deepwater Horizon Disaster, the worst oil spill in maritime history, focused on determining the fate and the marine biological effects of the oil spill with little effort on assessing the emotional well-being of people directly harmed by the spill. The mental anguish experienced by the people, many who were still recovering from earlier destruction of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita, remains poorly addressed. The extent of the psychological effects is still not fully known arguably because the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 (OPA) requires no analogous assessment by federal agencies. Many of the challenges relate to the legal requirements and standards imposed under OPA that lead to more focus on environmental than on societal and individual impacts. The academic community has much to contribute to undertake studies to understand the unknowns in both natural and social science realms, yet federal and state governments have difficulty in using academe to its full effect. We posit that a Human Resource Damage Assessment (HRDA) model be incorporated to leave us better prepared to assess damage beyond the natural resource side and to engage academic researchers in the science of disasters, to help people to cope and locate services, and to promote a connective bridge between natural and social scientists, practitioners and agencies for improved mental health and systemic preparation. Implementation of an HRDA model would require substantial legislative changes in OPA.

Non-Pharmacological Treatments for Stuttering in Children and Adults: A Systematic Review and Evaluation of Effectiveness, and Exploration of Barriers to Successful

There is an increasing range of treatments available for stuttering in children and adults and a need to examine the evidence base for these interventions in order to inform future guidelines and service delivery. Systematic reviews provide a structured summary of available evidence and can identify consistencies and inconsistencies in the research in order to present service providers and practitioners with evidence-based information. The systematic review that will be reported in this presentation was commissioned by the National Institute for Health Research as part of its Health Technology Appraisal programme, and is being carried out over one year (August 2013-August 2014). The systematic review consists of two elements: a synthesis of international evidence on the effectiveness of stuttering interventions; and an examination of qualitative primary study data for insights into factors that may underpin successful or less successful outcomes. A systematic search of key health and medical databases is being undertaken to identify recently published (since 1990) relevant studies. In addition to electronic searching, reference list checking, involvement of experts and citation searching is being used to identify evidence. The review process includes quality appraisal of each study to identify potential sources of bias and reliability of findings. Following the identification and quality appraisal, included studies will be synthesised (via appropriate methods including narrative synthesis, meta-analysis and thematic synthesis). The review is intending to be a broad review of the evidence regarding stuttering intervention. Populations of children, adolescents and adults who have developmental dysfluency in any OECD country are included. Non-pharmacological interventions delivered in any setting, by any individual are eligible for inclusion. Any outcome relating to a positive effect on stuttering or the emotional wellbeing of people who stutter is considered. A broad study design criteria has been set, with only case series, case reports and survey data excluded. The study is currently ongoing and will be completed in August 2014. To date we have examined over 4000 retrieved citations and identified 120 intervention studies and 24 qualitative studies for potential inclusion. A conceptual framework outlining the pathway from interventions to outcomes is being developed from the literature to provide further explanatory detail of the review findings. The presentation will consider the implications of the findings of the systematic review for practitioners and commissioners.