People's University Research Articles

Other People's Colleges: The Origins of American Higher Education Reform

Other People's Colleges: The Origins of American Higher Education Reform

RETRACTION: Comparative effectiveness of low-level laser therapy and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in symptomatic Temporomandibular Disorders: A Randomised Control Trial.

Batra, S. Srivastava, A., Shivakumar, G. C., Marrapodi, M. M., Herford, A. S., Cicciù, M., Minervini, G. (2023) Comparative effectiveness of low-level laser therapy and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in symptomatic Temporomandibular Disorders: A Randomised Control Trial. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 50: 1185-1193. https://doi.org/10.1111/joor.13555 The above article, published online on 05 July 2023 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the journal Editor in Chief, Peter Svensson, and John Wiley and Sons Ltd. The retraction has been agreed following concerns raised by a third party about the ethical approval for the study described. The publisher contacted the authors, who provided a letter of ethical approval from People's College of Dental Sciences & Research Center, People's University, which did not match the ethical approval reported in the article. The authors reported that the study was initiated at Banaras Hindu University, but were not able to provide evidence of ethical approval from this institution. In addition, the authors did not provide an explanation for why the clinical trial was registered with Clinical Trial Registry-India retrospectively, which violates the journal's author guidelines that require authors to provide an explanation for retrospective registration of clinical trials. Following the investigation by the publisher, the journal has concluded this article did not follow the journal's requirements regarding ethical approval of clinical trials and registration of clinical trials, and so the journal must issue a retraction. Shivakumar, G. C. has stated that Marrapodi, M. M., Herford, A. S., Cicciù, M., and Minervini, G. were not involved in the investigation, data curation, conceptualization, methodology, or formal analysis of the clinical study. The authors disagree with this retraction.

An Optimization Study of Educational Discipline in Colleges and Universities Under Public Health Emergencies

The emergence of public health emergencies in a certain period of time has a greater impact on people's normal life, the colleges and universities in order to effectively deal with the complex situation, often tighten the control policy and strengthen the student discipline. As a direct basis for the right to discipline, many colleges and universities temporary disciplinary measures are not perfect. In the actual operation of the process of "lack of legality", "the application of the standard difference is too large", "the implementation of the procedure is not rigorous" and "relief mechanism effective Insufficient" and other problems, to the normal life of the student learning trouble, but also to the university has a negative impact. In this regard, colleges and universities can improve the three levels of disciplinary formulation, implementation and relief, so that the educational disciplinary system is truly scientific, rationalized and standardized.

Risk Factors of Transient Ischemic Attack in Young Adults in Pakistan

Transient ischemic attacks precede about 20%-25% of ischemic stroke. These symptoms normally range from a few seconds to several minutes, with a typical duration of less than one hour. Objective: To assess the risk factors of transient ischemic attack in young adults. Methods: This prospective study was conducted at the People's University of Medical and Health Sciences Hospital, Nawabshah. Patients with stroke admitted to Medical Units I, II, and III from November 2021 to June 2023 were eligible for inclusion. This study eliminated those who were under the age of 18, those who had experienced brain injury, and those who were above the age of 45. The current study included 209 patients, including both male and female participants aged between 18 and 45 years, who exhibited various forms of stroke. For this study, only 14 (6.7%) patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA) were selected. Data on diagnostic tests, medical records, laboratory investigations, and radiological images were obtained for data collection. Results: The most prevalent risk factor was diabetes mellitus in nine (64.3%) patients. Seven (50.0%) patients had hypertension. Cardiac disease was seen in six (42.9%) of patients. Smoking and previous stroke history were observed in one (7.1%) patient each. Conclusions: The results of this research suggested that diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and heart problems are the predominant risk factors associated with transient ischemic stroke in young individuals.

PENGEMBANGAN PROGRAM BK UNTUK MENGATASI PROKRASTINASI AKADEMIK

Academic procrastination is one of the many obstacles in the student learning process. The negative impact of procrastination is that students can become individuals who are always looking for excuses when doing school assignments they don't like. This study used a descriptive method, non-probability sampling was carried out for convenience, consisting of 30 students of SMA class XI of the People's College 2. From the results of the student development instrument assessment conducted at the People's College 2 High School revealed that there were three lowest aspects, namely the Foundation of Religious Life , Emotional Maturity and Awareness of Responsibility. Of the three lowest aspects of Classical related to the Foundation of Religious Life, Emotional Maturity and Awareness of Responsibility. Aspect number one contains the Foundation of Religious Life with results (<4.43), aspect number 3 namely Emotional Maturity with results (<4.45) and aspect number 5 namely Awareness of Responsibility with values (<4.5). These results are significant with the results of the Academic Procrastination Scale (APS) instrument which shows the highest percentage of academic procrastination at 50.0%. So the BK teacher will create a BK program to overcome academic procrastination by focusing on BK services by providing Group Counseling services with the theme "Academic Procrastination of Students).

Chinese academic community speaks out on He Jiankui again: Consensus statement on the challenges and responses of science and technology ethics governance

Chinese academic community speaks out on He Jiankui again: Consensus statement on the challenges and responses of science and technology ethics governance

Prognostic Markers Related to Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Background: The triple-negative tumor is a high-risk tumor as a targeted therapy to these proteins is not possible with this type of cancer. Objective: To investigate the prognostic factors that can help in treatment selection in the triple-negative phenotype breast tumors Study design: A cross-sectional study Place and duration: This study was conducted at People's University of Medical and Health Sciences Nawabshah from Nov 2021 to Nov 2022 Methodology: The present study examined numerous cases of invasive carcinoma of the breast. The patients visited for follow-up for a long time and they were examined by tissue microarray. The series was stained through concurrent immune-histochemical prognostic panels. This was done to specify the subgroups of different types of breast cancer and for the identification of prognostic markers as well as the aggressive behavior of the tumors. Results: In the beginning, a total of 280 cases were included in the study, out of which 45 (16.07%) patients had triple-negative breast cancer. Most of these cancers were grade 3 carcinomas. A strong association was seen with pushing margins, development of recurrence, large size, poorer Nottingham Prognostic Index, and distant metastasis. Moreover, the association was also seen with loss of expression of E-cadherin and androgen receptors, basal phenotype, p53, EGFR, and P-cadherin. The size of the tumor, androgen receptors, and lymph node staging were the most valuable prognostic markers. Androgen receptor and size had prognostic significance in the tumor subgroup with lymph node-positive tumors. On the other hand, the basal phenotype was the only prognostic marker in the subgroup with lymph node-negative tumors. Some other parameters considered in the present study are histological grade, size of the tumor, age of the patient, and vascular invasion. Conclusion: The most significant markers identified were basal phenotype and androgen receptor. Also, tumor size and the status of the lymph node are quite significant in low-risk and high-risk patients while selecting surgical or non-surgical treatment for the triple-negative tumors Keywords: Triple-negative, breast tumor, prognostic markers, androgen receptors

SURGICAL REMOVAL OF A LARGE FIBROID DURING PREGNANCY: A CASE REPORT

Antenatal myomectomy is usually avoided owing to the fear of complications such as miscarriage, damage to the growing foetus due to direct trauma during surgery or due to the drugs that are being used during perioperative period, postoperative complications such as uncontrolled haemorrhage, which may require caesarean hysterectomy, etc. However, if surgery is unavoidable due to various reasons such as intrauterine growth retardation, severe pain, etc., it is usually performed in the second trimester. We report a case of successful antenatal myomectomy during the 20th week of pregnancy. A 29-year-old primigravida presented to the outpatient department of obstetrics and gynaecology in the People's College of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bhopal, with chief complaint of abdominal pain with a history of amenorrhoea for 5 months with uterine broid. She is a known case of hypothyroidism. No other signicant history was elicited. Ultrasonography revealed a large subserous broid measuring 22.7 mm×22.8 mm×16.4 mm over the right posterior aspect of uterine fundus. Antenatal myomectomy was performed successfully without any complications, and pregnancy continued until 38 weeks when a caesarean section was performed. The literature states that surgical intervention is benecial in well-selected patients

Intellectual Populism: Democracy, Inquiry, and the People

Intellectual Populism: Democracy, Inquiry, and the People

Central Neurocytoma: Determining Rate of Shunting and Results after Subtotal and Total Excision

Objective: To assess the shunting rate and the results of control measures in patients having central neurocytoma who underwent total and subtotal resection. Study design: A cross-sectional study Place and Duration This study was conducted in People's University of Medical and Health Sciences for Women Nawabshah from Septmeber 2016 to Septmber 2020 . Methodology: In this study, overall 15 patients were included. Every patient had a follow-up of 2 years. The age of participants was between 13 to 49 years. The data of every patient was recorded which included the demographics (age, gender), early mortality and morbidity, presentation of clinical factors, and radiological findings. The radiological findings include features, tumor location, hydrocephalus, recurrence, and residual. A transcortical approach was used for the treatment of individuals for both, total or subtotal excision. EVD (External Ventricular Drain) was installed which was later replaced by a shunt. For confirmation of diagnosis and guidance of the follow-up, the MIV index and histopathology were used. For residual tumor and recurrence, radiosurgery of Gamma knife or adjuvant radiotherapy was used. Results: There were 3 patients who died due to sepsis and thalamic infarction after the total and subtotal excision. There were 9 patients who had a total excision and 6 patients who had a subtotal excision. Among the 9 patients with a total excision, 3 of them showed small recurrence at 1 year and 18 months follow-up along with a high MIB index. A total of 2 of them needed a shunt. In the remaining participants,the shunt was not placed. Among the 6 patients who had a subtotal excision, 2 of these patients had an early shunt insertion. Five patients were controlled by radiotherapy while one was controlled by radiosurgery. One patient, who was controlled by radiotherapy, failed radiotherapy in his second treatment at 18 months of follow-up. Practical implication : total excision has better results for central neurocytoma and should be considered procedure of choice Conclusion: Central neurocytoma may have a better chance of recovery than other intraventricular tumors if treated with total excision, with a lower incidence of shunt insertion throughout its course. Keywords: neurocytoma, shunt insertion, excision, radiotherapy, total excision

THE COMPARISON OF EFFECT OF MOTIVATIONAL INTERVIEWING AND DENTAL HEALTH EDUCATION ON ORAL HEALTHCARE KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIOUR OF PARENTS AND CAREGIVERS OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN

ntroduction- Motivational Interviewing (MI) has been used in healthcare and has shown reduction in the prevalence of early childhood caries (ECC) in preschool children. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of an MI approach delivered in an individual-setting as part of the regular dental appointment, on parent /caregiver oral health knowledge and attitudes toward the oral health of their children, in contrast with traditional dental health education (DHE), in an exploratory community-based study. The design of this study included 60 parents and caregiversMethod- visiting People's university (Bhopal) and were randomly assigned to Motivational interviewing(MI) group or Dental health education(DHE) group(30 in each group). Parents and caregivers in the MI-group (n = 30) received a talk on dental health using an MI approach and the DHE-group (n = 30) received a talk using traditional DHE. Both groups received additional, written dental health information and also received two telephone call follow-ups as part of the protocol at 3 months and 6 months. Both groups were given questionnaires before the talks and 3 months and 6 months later. Question items included oral health knowledge, attitudes, brushing behaviour, and a specic instrument to asses 'readiness for change', the Readiness Assessment of Parents Concerning Infant Dental Decay (RAPIDD). Both the groups were equally effective in raising theResult- awareness amongst the parents of the children seeking dental care. Intra-group comparison scores of individual items revealed that the scores obtained by participants belonging to group A and group B did not differ signicantly between the visits. Motivational interviewingConclusion- and Dental Health Education have similar effects when used as a part of regular dental appointment.

Virtual Clinical Listening Groups for Psychological Intervention With University Students in the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The pandemic has affected people's mental health and university students are considered one of the most vulnerable groups, encouraging the development of psychological interventions that can minimize the suffering and illness of this public. Among the possibilities of intervention, virtual clinical listening groups were created which, during the period of social isolation, had the purpose of opening up a listening space for university students suffering from emotional distress. The focus of the group meetings was how university students were experiencing the pandemic, as well as the consequences of this experience. In this article, we discuss virtual clinical listening groups as a form of psychological intervention in the mental health care of university students during the COVID-19 pandemic at a university in northeastern Brazil. This is a qualitative study that began with 274 university students and 5 psychologists who facilitated the listening groups. We used as instruments the registration forms, the participation records of the virtual clinical listening groups and the field diaries written by the facilitators after each meeting. We described in the results the collected data and, from the field diaries, the themes that emerged in the various meetings were listed and analyzed in dialogue with the literature. At the end of the psychological screening process, 117 students participated in the 17 organized groups, with an average of 8 university students per group. Among the main motivations for participating in virtual clinical listening groups, we highlight: the desire to share experiences, a search for control of anxiety, depression and stress, care for mental health, a willingness to promote listening to psychological support for themselves and for others, and self-knowledge. We discuss the nuances in the process of forming the listening groups and the characteristics of the participants, as well as a central element of the group process, which is the establishment of bonds and mutual help among the participants. Feeling vulnerable and the fear of contamination is an element of suffering and, above all, of stress experienced by university students. The group presented itself as an alternative of mutual care in the pandemic context.

Outcome of Limping Radicular Pain Due to Lumber Disc Herniation Treated with Lateral Recess Decompression without Discectomy: A Longitudinal Study

Aim: To assess the outcome of limping radicular pain due to lumber disc herniation treated with lateral recess compression without discectomy Study design: A longitudinal study Place and Duration: This study was conducted at People's University of Medical and Health Sciences for Women Nawabshah Pakistan from January 2020 to January 2021. Methodology: A total of 65 patients were selected for standalone lateral access decompression with a tube shaped retractors. All patients selected were having limping radicular pain. Study investigated the disc consistency and the existence of sequestrated pieces. VAS and ODI scores methods were used to examine the condition. Age, gender, bodyweight, duration of illness, profession, usage of painkillers, preoperative VAS score, and Pain and disability Index version (ODI) score were all collected from the participants Results: The stand alone lateral access decompression was carried out from 60 patients out of 65. The 5 patients that were endured were in need of sequestrated disc removal. The average age was 53 years (40-68years), the ratio of male and female was 1.41:1.21, and the average follow-up period was 4 years (3.1–5.7 years). Pre-surgical and post-surgical scores as well as the ODI scores were observed. Overall, 93 percent of patients were improved by the surgery. Conclusion: For the patients that are having limping radical pain, decompression without the surgery of discectomy turns out to be medically beneficial for them. It can be performed without spinal cord or nerve root manipulation and mobilization and intervertebral disc extraction, that results in decrease chance of postoperative neurodefecit, spinal nerves injuries and discitis. Which enhances postoperative rapid recovery. Keywords: radical pain, limping. Discectomy, lateral recess compression

Role of Manual Vacuum Aspiration Versus Sublingual Misoprotol in First Trimester Miscarriage in a Tertiary Care Hospital PMC, Nawabshah

Objective: To compare the efficacy of manual vacuum aspiration versus sublingual misoprostol in first trimester miscarriage at people's medical college hospital Nawabshah. Study Design: Randomized Controlled Trial. Settings: Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Peoples Medical University & Hospital Nawabshah. Duration of Study: 7th April 2021 to 6th October 2021. Materials & Methods: A total of 100women with first trimester incomplete abortion, 18 to 45 years of age were included. Patients having allergy to misoprostol or other prostaglandins, contraindication to prostaglandin therapy (asthma, hypertension, glaucoma) and suspected ectopic pregnancy assess on ultrasound were excluded. Group A received a single dose of 600 microgram of sublingual misoprostol every three hours and group B who underwent MVA for evacuation of retained products of conception. Efficacy was noted. Results: The mean age of women in group B was 30.14 ± 4.12 years and in group A was 30.20 ± 3.69 years. Majority of the patients 51 (51.0%) were between 18 to 30 years of age. The mean gestational age in group B was 7.92 ± 2.42 weeks and in group A was 7.48 ± 2.32 weeks. In this study, success was seen in 46 (92.0%) women in group B (manual vacuum aspiration) and 37 (74.0%) women in group A (sublingual misoprostol) with p-value of 0.017. Conclusion: This studyconcluded that manual vacuum aspiration (MVA) is effective and safe procedure as compared to sublingual misoprostol in first trimester incomplete abortion. Keywords: first trimester incomplete abortion, manual vacuum aspiration, misoprostol

ANALISIS SENTIMEN PADA TWITTER TERHADAP UIN RADEN FATAH MENGGUNAKAN SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE

Measuring customer satisfaction is one of the most important aspects of any successful companyto improve the quality of its service,therefore collecting reviews is highly recommended.However, gathering datais not enough, without having efficient and reliable automated systemsthat capable of analysing the data and extracting valuable information for further improvement.Nowadays, social media is getting more and more attention as public and private opinions onvarious subjects are expressed and disseminated continuously through various social media.Twitter offers a fast and effective way to analyse people's perspectiveson important things forsuccessful universities. Developing a program for sentimentanalysis is the approach tocomputationally measure people's perceptions. In this study, public opinion regarding UIN RadenFatah Palembang was analysed using Support VectorMachine (SVM) method in determining thepositive or negative sentiment of a tweet by doing initial processing for unstructured data fromTwitter. The results indicated that the polarity of sentiment towards UIN Raden Fatah Palembangon Twitter as seen from 100 samples of tweets, 89 (89%) had positive sentiments and 11 (11%)had negative sentiments. The level of accuracy in the classification of sentiment using SVM was70% with an average precision of 20.6%, anaverage recall of 70% and an average f-measure of62.7%.

Prevalence of Constipation in Diabetic Individuals at Endocrinology Clinic: A Cross-Sectional Study

Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of constipation in people with diabetes seen at an outpatient endocrinology clinic. Study design: A cross-sectional study Place and Duration: This study was conducted at , People's University of Medical and Health Science for Women Nawabshah Pakistan between April 2020 to April 2021. Methodology: An outpatient endocrinology clinic conducted at our institute using questionnaire & Rome III criteria. According to Rome III, the following should be considered constipation symptoms: (1) fewer than three bowel movements per week, (2) an attempt to empty bowl, (3) hard or lumpy stools, (4) a belief that an evacuation is incomplete, (5) a belief that an evacuation is blocked, and (6) manual defecation procedures. Results: Constipation was shown to be common among diabetes individuals in 31.2 percent of the 372 participants studied. Females outnumbered males in the sample (72.8 percent), as well as in terms of constipation frequency (80.2 percent). The prevalence of type 2 diabetes was 97.3 percent, and 80.2 percent of the participants were above the age of 50 years. Constipation was linked to poor glycemic control (HgA1c 7) in 112 participants. Conclusion: In comparison to the general population, persons with diabetes mellitus who met the Rome III criteria had a higher rate of constipation. Inadequate glycemic control increases the incidence of constipation in people with diabetes mellitus, and further research is needed to prove this hypothesis. Keywords: diabetes mellitus, constipation, prevalence,

Aspekty wychowawcze funkcjonowania uniwersytetów ludowych związanych z ruchem ludowym w Polsce w okresie międzywojennym

People's universities were to meet the needs of the rural population, awaken the creative forces of the rural environment as well as activate and deepen the individual and collective life of rural residents. The Ignacy Solarz People's University had close ties with the peasants' movement. It was a leading educational institution for adults, which showed enormous impact both on the inhabitants of the countryside, but also was a huge inspiration for theorists and practitioners associated with Polish folk universities. The article is an analysis of educational concepts proposed by the founders of folk universities, especially Ignacy Solarz, associated with the peasant movement in interwar Poland. It shows social and educational activities, defining the essence and basic assumptions that distinguish a folk university from other institutions of institutional education, shows aspects of the educational impact of folk universities as well as the program content and methods of educational work that were to lead to the renewal of rural culture, the development of local government and local government, and the realization of people's Poland.

Role of Uterine Artery Doppler at 11-14 Weeks of Pregnancy in Early Prediction of Preeclampsia: A Prospective Cohort Study

Introduction: Doppler ultrasonography, by comparing systolic and diastolic waveforms helps in assessment of uteroplacental circulation. Since preeclampsia has ethnic and geographical variations, it is important to understand the prediction modalities in various populations. Aim: To investigate the role of elevated Pulsatility Index (PI) and presence of diastolic notch using uterine artery doppler in early pregnancy in predicting development of preeclampsia among pregnant women. Materials and Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted on pregnant females visiting the antenatal clinic or Outpatient Department or admitted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at People's College of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India, from November 2019 to October 2021. All cases were subjected to uterine artery doppler study, between 11-14 weeks of pregnancy, to note pulsatility index and diastolic notch. All the participants were then screened periodically during their antenatal visits for development of features of preeclampsia and were followed-up monthly upto 20 weeks, every 15 days upto 32 weeks and then weekly till delivery. Pregnancy outcome were measured in terms of presence or absence of preeclampsia. Data was compiled using Microsoft Excel and analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) IBM software version 20.0. Categorical data was expressed as frequency and proportions whereas continuous data was expressed as mean and standard deviation. Results: The present study was conducted on a total of 116 cases with the mean age of 26.75±4.31 years. Out of 116 cases, 26 cases developed preeclampsia. Diastolic notch was present in 17 cases (65.4%) patients with preeclampsia and 23 cases (25.6%) non preeclampsia patients. Pulsatility index of more than 1.71 was noted in 14 cases (53.8%) cases with preeclampsia where as 87 cases (96.7%) with non preeclampsia had pulsatility index of less than 1.71. The specificity of diastolic notch 74.4% where as that of pulsatility Index was 96.7 % and the diagnostic accuracy of diastolic notch 72.4% where as that of pulsatility index was 87.1%. Conclusion: Uterine artery doppler is a promising tool for predicting development of preeclampsia by analysing both PI as well as diastolic notch in uterine artery. Doppler had high overall diagnostic accuracy for preeclampsia.

Complexity Characteristics and Robustness Analysis of Chengdu Metro Network

The study of robustness of the metro rail network in Chengdu, a central city in western China, contributes to the stability as well as safe operation of the metro network. Based on the complex network theory, the Space-L topological structure model of the complex network constituted by the first 9 metro lines in Chengdu is constructed, and its complex network characteristics are analyzed by topological properties such as degree and degree distribution, average path length, average clustering coefficient and scale-free degree. Through its topological properties, a robustness evaluation index system applicable to the Chengdu metro network is constructed, and simulations of deliberate attacks and random attacks are performed. The data of both simulations are counted and the trends and reasons of each data are analyzed and compared. Among the many stations, three stations, namely, Chengdu University of TCM & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital Station, Science and Technology University Station and the Culture Palace Station, have higher vulnerability. When they are attacked, the subway network connectivity reliability decreases by 1/3, indicating the need to strengthen the security check of these three stations with higher degree values.

Library People's Universities

165 years separate us from the creation of the unique structure for Bulgarian education – the library community centers. The evolution of their functions has an unchanging focus – raising the cultural and educational level of the population regardless of gender, age, beliefs, ethnicity and religion, carried out in different, historically originated forms. One of them is the the Library folk university – a higher form of library education in its capacity of the most popular extracurricular education. The derived practices and approaches applied by the people's universities in the process of education of the local population according to its real spiritual and social needs are a valuable experience for the modern educational policy, called to be an active factor for self-education and lifelong learning.