People-oriented Leadership Research Articles

Pemahaman Hadis Al-Ghazali Tentang Menasihati Pemimpin: Studi Kasus Pejabat Negara di Indonesia

This research examines Al-Ghazali's understanding of advising leaders and its relevance to the context of leadership in Indonesia. Employing a qualitative approach with a case study method, data was gathered through documentation of Al-Ghazali's works, case studies of corruption and ethical violations among Indonesian state officials, and in-depth interviews with experts in Islamic leadership, academics, and legal practitioners. The findings indicate that Al-Ghazali's teachings on character, integrity, and morality in leadership are highly relevant to addressing leadership challenges in Indonesia, such as corruption and abuse of power. Ulama (Islamic scholars) play a crucial role in advising leaders to enhance leadership quality and governance. This research also contributes theoretically to the study of Islamic leadership ethics, demonstrating that ethical principles derived from hadiths can develop an ethical and effective governance model in diverse cultural contexts. By implementing Al-Ghazali's leadership principles, it is hoped that more just, transparent, and people-oriented leadership can be established in Indonesia.

Development and validation of headteachers' leadership behavior questionnaire (HLBQ)

The leadership behavior of the headteachers is associated with institutional worth. This study intended to develop and validate a headteachers’ leadership behavior questionnaire (HLBQ) to measure the leadership behavior of headteachers. The questionnaire encompassed two sub-dimensions viz: people-oriented leadership behavior and task-oriented leadership behavior as per Blake and Mouton’s Managerial Grid. After a rigorous literature review followed by focus group discussions, the preliminary draft of the tool encompassed forty-three (43) items on the five (5) points Likert Scale. Based on the content and face validity, the items with CVR values less than 0.42 were dropped. The revised questionnaire was pilot tested on three hundred and ten (310) public secondary school teachers employed in the school education department. The data were processed through Smart PLS version 4, which provided the questionnaire’s validity, reliability, and model fit. After deleting the unfit items, the questionnaire was further reduced to thirty-one (31) items. AVE values of the items related to people-oriented leadership behavior were 0.658 > 0.5, and for task-oriented were 0.686 > 0.5. Fornell-Lacker criterion value (0.828) was more than the correlations with other latent constructs, i.e., 0.811 and 0.831. The Heterotrait-Monotrait ratio (HTMT) value was 0.859 < 0.9, which is acceptable. Cronbach alpha for people-oriented leadership behavior was 0.967 > 0.7, and task-oriented leadership behavior was 0.658 > 0.7. Similarly, the composite reliability (CR) values for people-oriented leadership behavior were 0.970 > 0.7, and task-oriented leadership behavior was 0.963 > 0.7. Thus, the headteachers’ leadership behavior questionnaire (HTLB) was internally consistent, valid, and reliable. The findings of the entire study supported using the headteachers’ leadership behavior questionnaire (HLBQ) to explore and measure the leadership behavior of the headteachers.

The Whole Picture of Female Nurse Faculty Leaders: A Systematic Review of Qualitative Studies

Background: Gender stereotypes influence women and men who work as nurses. In education setting, the dominance of female nurses has been challenging given their respective roles in management and leadership, both professionally and personally.Objective: To explore the experience and synthesise available literature on female nurse leaders in the academic settings.Methods: Systematic review of qualitative study on any type of qualitative from academic database: ProQuest, PubMed, CINAHL, and MEDLINE was conducted. Starting from 1st January 1990 to 31 December 2021. The criteria; freely accessible, complete in terms of content, authored, published in the English language, and combination of keywords including nurse, nursing, faculty, dean, head, and director were applied. The review was reported following PRISMA format. The studies included were assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program tool (CASP) 2017.Results: The screening process resulted in the selection of fourteen (14) studies from the USA, Canada, UK, and Australia that used a range of qualitative methodologies, including descriptive explorative, phenomenology, grounded theory, feminist research, case studies, and a number of data collection techniques, including open-surveys, interviews, field notes, campus observations, document analysis, and analytic memos. Thematic analyses were applied and yielded six main themes: dealing with power imbalance and gender discrimination; addressing problems related to people; disruption in fulfilling leadership roles; leadership personalities; people-oriented leadership quality; and change-oriented leadership quality.Conclusion: Female faculty leaders in nursing reported a variety of personal and professional challenges. The existing literature scarcely captured the gender-specific challenges encountered, including gender stereotyping, and struggle to balance their personal and professional life. Therefore, it is crucial that nurses provide chances for the following leaders in order to enhance nursing education, support the process of leadership regeneration, and develop the profession.

A Comparative Analysis of Headteachers' Task-Oriented Leadership Behaviour and People-Oriented Leadership Behaviour at Secondary School Level

This study engages in a nuanced comparative analysis of the leadership behaviours of headteachers, with a specific focus on Task-oriented and People-oriented leadership styles, within public secondary schools across three distinct districts in South Punjab. Guided by Blake and Mouton's Leadership Theory, the research endeavours to classify these educational leaders as predominantly people-oriented or task-oriented. The study used a descriptive and quantitative research design and a survey methodology. Data collection was facilitated through a self-developed questionnaire administered to the teachers within the targeted South Punjab public secondary schools. The results indicated a stronger inclination among headteachers towards people-oriented leadership behaviours than task-oriented behaviours. The findings have profound implications for educational leadership, highlighting a potential path for headteachers in secondary schools to reevaluate and refine their leadership styles. Such a transformation may significantly enhance teacher motivation, improving student academic performance. Beyond its immediate context, this study is a foundational platform for future research in related fields, fostering a deeper understanding of leadership behaviours in educational settings.

THE ROLE OF EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF EMPLOYEES AND PEOPLE-ORIENTED LEADERSHIP IN PERCEIVING PSYCHOLOGICAL SAFETY IN ORGANIZATIONS

The aim of this study was to examine whether the emotional development of employees, specifically attachment, acts as a moderator determining the conditions under which people-oriented leaders can enhance the sense of psychological safety within their teams. A total of 246 participants (54% female), aged 22 to 59 (M = 32.10; SD = 7.58), employed in corporate-type organizations, took part in the research. The instruments used included the Psychological Safety Questionnaire, the Serbian version of the Experiences in Close Relationships Scale, and the People-Oriented Leadership subscale from the Ethical Leadership Scale at Work. The results revealed that the dimension of anxiety predicted psychological safety, and a statistically significant interaction was observed between this dimension and people-oriented leadership. The findings demonstrated that a positive inner model could significantly enhance the perception of psychological safety when the effect of people-oriented leadership was absent. However, it was also found that as the effect of people-oriented leadership increased, psychological safety increased as well, independently of the level of employee attachment. The practical implications of these results were discussed, considering the context of attachment theory and the conservation of resources theory.

How entrepreneurial competencies influence the leadership style: A study of Saudi female entrepreneurs

This study examines a group of women entrepreneurs of small and micro businesses in Hail, Riyadh and Eastern regions of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The study aims to identify the particular style of leadership displayed by these women entrepreneurs; and whether all their competencies have the same or different influence on their task-oriented or people-oriented leadership styles. The respondents were initially identified through various organizations such as Wa’ed (Aramco’s entrepreneurship centre), MISK Foundation and Monsha’at. Subsequently, we finalized female-owned small businesses that are operating for minimum two years in their respective business area as our target respondents. The survey questionnaire was sent to 310 women entrepreneurs after obtaining their approval. A total of 211 filled surveys were received. The responses having repetition or missing data were deleted which resulted in 174 surveys which were analyzed using SPSS. Surprisingly, the results indicate that our respondents exhibit a higher score of task-oriented leadership style. The female entrepreneurs who possess high degrees of business and management, relationship, entrepreneurial and human relation skills are found to incline towards task-oriented leadership style. The relationship and entrepreneurial competencies show a positive influence on the people-oriented leadership style. On the other hand, business and management, as well as entrepreneurial and human interactions, show a positive influence on task-oriented style of leadership.

GOOD PRACTICES TO REDUCE PSYCHOSOCIAL RISKS IN SITE TEAMS OF BUILDING CONSTRUCTION COMPANIES

Psychosocial risks are all those working conditions that have the capacity to affect the day-to-day life of workers, as well as the development of their work, whether on a physical, psychological or social level. In the construction sector, despite the high rate of sick leave, there are no studies that evaluate, analyze and propose good practices for this type of risk, and more specifically for the risks that affect the work teams of construction companies. This article summarizes part of the results of a research project whose objective was to carry out an analysis of the good practices that are commonly used in the industry to avoid these risks, and to select the most appropriate and priority ones to implement in the construction teams of construction companies. The conclusions of the research were that the most appropriate and feasible good practices to implement in site teams and avoid the most recurrent risks are: Implementing clear and defined procedures, so that workers know how they have to carry out their tasks; Clearly and simply defining the functions, competencies and tasks that have to be carried out in each job that makes up the work teams; Welcome plan for new employees; Improving and implementing communication channels and a conflict management channel and humanizing organizations, with people-oriented leadership. Keywords: Psychosocial risks, FPSICO, work teams, Good practices, Zero accidents.

THE IMPACT OF LEADERSHIP STYLE ON CONTEXTUAL PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM SERBIA

The primary purpose of this research paper is to present an empirical study framed by the Situational Leadership Theory, also referred to as the Hersey-Blanchard Model, which states that people-oriented leadership behaviours, which include more employee participation, are positively related to contextual performance. The data used in this research was collected through a combination of two quantitative instruments aimed at determining the relative contribution that the independent variables (leadership style) make to the dependent variables (contextual performance). The main method used in this research is hierarchical regression analysis. The research results revealed that people-oriented leadership behaviours with more employee participation (dominant delegating leadership style) have a positive and significant relationship with contextual performance. In terms of practice, this paper may enable organisations to understand the need for an adequate leadership style that ensures greater employee commitment and employee readiness to make additional efforts, which are beyond the job description. In terms of originality and value, along with previous research in this area, this paper enables future research and contributes to a better understanding of the impact of an adequate leadership style, as a predictor variable, on contextual performance, as dependent variables.

The Impact of People-Oriented Leadership Behavior on Employee Satisfaction in Small and Medium Enterprises in Vietnam

The Impact of People-Oriented Leadership Behavior on Employee Satisfaction in Small and Medium Enterprises in Vietnam

Gender-Based Differences in Leadership Style: An Empirical Analysis

ABSTRACT This research investigates the differences in leadership styles among males and females of tertiary educational institutions in Cambodia and Malaysia. The study used a questionnaire as a measuring instrument and hypotheses testing to perform a one-sample t-test and a paired t-test. The sampling design used was convenience sampling. This research is relatively novel as it involved respondents from educational institutions in two Southeast Asian countries. This research found that females have a people-oriented leadership style and have a higher perception of their leadership abilities. In addition, it found that males have neither a task-oriented nor a people-oriented leadership style. The study suggests that women should be given the helm to manage these concerns in light of recent geopolitical uncertainties and workplace issues. Keywords: Leadership approaches; People-oriented and task-oriented leadership style; Cambodia; Malaysia; One-sample t-test; Paired t-test

Mitigating the impact of cross-culture on project team effectiveness in the Nigerian oil and gas industry: The mediating role of organizational culture and project leadership

This paper investigates the interplay between cross-culture, organisational culture, path-goal leadership, and team effectiveness in Nigerian oil and gas projects. Employing a quantitative research approach with a philosophical assumption between positivism and relativism, the study examines path-goal leadership and organisational culture as mediating variables. A survey instrument was administered to 230 participants using judgmental recruitment, with a response of 91.3%. A partial least square structural equation modelling approach was implemented for data analysis. The findings reveal that high achievement and directive leadership styles in the Nigerian oil and gas industry lead workers to adopt a long-term orientation cross-culture to effectively adapt to the project working environments. Additionally, the dimensions of organizational culture exert a dominant influence on defining project environments in the industry. To enhance ownership and shared leadership, the study recommended the need to strike a balance between achievement-oriented and shared leadership throughout the project duration. Moreover, proactive occupational health measures can help manage the possible health effect of adaptive work behaviour. Furthermore, industry-wide project audits based on the study's variables can enhance leadership policies and promote a people-oriented leadership approach. The research presented in this study offers both theoretical and practical implications in the Nigerian oil and gas industry.

Leadership in the Age of Remote Work: Best Practices for Managing Virtual Teams

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced many organizations to switch to remote work, which has transformed the traditional leadership and management practices. Therefore, the study aimed to identify best practices for managing virtual teams in the age of remote work. To achieve this objective, the study employed a qualitative research design, where data was collected through semi-structured interviews with managers and team leaders of virtual teams. The interviews were analyzed thematically to identify common themes and patterns related to leadership in the age of remote work. The results revealed that successful leadership in virtual teams requires a shift in focus from task-oriented to people-oriented leadership. Moreover, virtual team leaders should adopt new practices such as frequent communication, trust-building, setting clear expectations, and providing timely feedback. Additionally, technology plays a vital role in managing virtual teams, as it facilitates communication and collaboration.

How to take employees on the digital transformation journey: An experimental study on complementary leadership behaviors in managing organizational change

Digital transformation (DT) initiatives are often not successful. Research underlines leadership as a key to transformation success; however, studies have not systematically examined the impact of leaders on organizational change, particularly concerning organizations’ DT. To fill this research gap, we conducted an experimental study with 815 participants to analyze the effectiveness of complementary leadership behaviors that are relevant in the digital age: task-oriented (more precisely, digital transformation–oriented) and people-oriented leadership behaviors, and in particular their interaction. Surprisingly and in contrast to prior studies, the results show that the combination of complementary leadership behaviors did not lead to the highest (lowest) level of employees’ desirable (undesirable) affective, cognitive, and behavioral change responses. This study reveals that organizations are well-advised not to disregard people orientation when going digital as this leadership behavior buffers the potential downsides of digital transformation–oriented leadership behavior, which is mandatory to stay competitive in the digital era.

BRAZILIAN ARMY LEADERSHIP IN MISSION IN HAITI

The aim of this paper is to analyze the roles and profiles of military leaders required in the context of the Brazilian Army's peacekeeping mission in Haiti. Qualitative research is conducted in the context of the "United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti", from interviews with leaders of the Brazilian Army. The results reveal that the investigated context requires a relational and people-oriented leadership profile, including sensitive to emotional aspects, as well as leaders capable of recovering of collective. Therefore, the leadership authority derives more from the ability of social interaction than from the formal power.

Liderlik Yönelimlerinin Çatışma Çözme Stratejileri Üzerindeki Etkisi (The Impact of Leadership Orientations on Conflict Resolution Strategies)

Purpose – The s tudy a imed to determine w hether the p eople-oriented leadership style or task-oriented leadership style of hotel managers have an impact on their approach to strategies to resolve conflict. Design/methodology/approach – The study population consisted of hotel managers of four and five-star hotels in the Middle and Eastern Black Sea Regions in Turkey. Data were collected between November 2016 and March 2017 via questionnaires created to obtain data regarding demographic characteristics of the participants, and questionnaires that include scales for determining leadership orientations and strategies to resolve conflict. Data obtained were evaluated by using descriptive statistics, correlation, and multiple linear regression analyses. Findings – The results showed that managers’ adoption of task-oriented and people-oriented leadership styles together have a significant effect on the integration, compromise, avoidance, and reconciliation strategies among the methods of conflict resolution; however, that they did not have a significant effect on the domination strategy. Discussion – The results of the study showed that task-oriented or people-oriented leadership styles have a significant effect on the integration, compromise, avoidance, and reconciliation strategies among methods of conflict resolution and in the relative ranking of these strategies. Task-oriented leadership style was in first place for integration, domination, and reconciliation strategies and people-oriented leadership style was in first place for compromise strategy. In sectors where customers are in direct communication and often face-to-face interaction with employees, such as tourism, the negative effects of not resolving a conflict by employees can be directly observed. Therefore, the authors consider that determining one of the factors that may minimize the negative effects of conflict and that is effective in choosing the right strategy for the organizational structure may have a positive effect on the organizational outcomes for such establishments.

A Political Economy of Trans-Border Migration Crises and Human Trafficking in Africa

Encouraged by porous border boundaries in Africa, trafficking in persons and objects is a demand-driven global venture that has market potential for: commercial sex, cheap labour, terrorism, and drug-related crimes. Most African States, especially Nigeria, have been reputed as hardliners in encouraging these illicit trends. Chief among the motivating factors include: domestic insecurity, political instability, economic recession, and institutional failure, etc. Amongst other instigating factors however, this paper takes a cursory look at the relationship between the twin crime of trans-border migration crises and human trafficking in Nigeria, and the attendant political economic implications on the Nigerian polity. Data relied on are largely gotten from secondary sources. The paper employs the neoclassical political economic theory of migration. Findings from conceptual and theoretical reviews of literatures show that the incentive for human trafficking and migration-related offences is not only profit driven but also a fall-out from institutional failure. The paper recommends a taut border security, which can disallow border related crimes like drug and human trafficking. The paper also sues for people-oriented leadership that will eschew illicit crimes such as the above.

The Leadership Orientations of the Students Receiving Sports Education in Turkey

This research has been planned to identify the factors related to the assessment of “The Leadership Orientations” of the students receiving sports education (physical education and sports teacher, sports management, recreation, trainer education departments) in the universities in Turkey. This descriptive study has a population consisting of the students receiving sports education in the universities in Turkey and a sample of totally 1032 students (N: 1032) (who attend physical education and sports teacher, sports management, recreation, trainer education departments). The data has been collected using The Student Information Form and the Leadership Orientation Survey. According to the means of sub-scales of “Leadership Orientations by Sexes” obtained by the students receiving sports education, a significant difference has been identified between the frames of “Transformational Leadership” and “Charismatic Leadership”. This difference can be explained by the fact that male students consider themselves more competent compared to the female students in these two sub-scales. Consequently, when the mean points of the sub-scales of the Leadership Orientation Survey [Self] obtained by the students receiving sports education in Turkey are compared, it has been observed that the direction and strength of relation between sex, class, department and school is “positive” and “moderate” and also those students have “people-oriented leadership” characteristics among the sub-scales of the leadership orientation frames.

Liderlik Stillerinin Yaratıcı Davranış Üzerindeki Etkilerinin X ve Y Kuşağı Açısından İncelenmesi - Investigation Of The Effect Of Leadership Styles Of Generation X And Y On Creative Behaviour

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the perceptions of taskoriented and people-oriented leadership styles of Generation X and Y, claimed to have different characteristics, attitudes and behaviors, and their perceptions of creative behavior differed with respect to demographic variables. The research also examined the effects of their leadership styles on creative behavior. The present study was conducted on 195 white-collar and blue-collar employees of four firms operating in the manufacturing sector in Kocaeli province. The results of the study showed that Generation X and Y employees had different perceptions regarding leadership styles and creative behavior in terms of demographic characteristics and that leadership styles had important effects on creative behavior.

Effects of People-oriented Leadership and Subordinate Employability on Call Center Withdrawal Behaviors

Call-center employees are prone to lateness, absenteeism, and turnover because their jobs are low-wage, low-skill, and provoke high levels of stress. Thus, considerate supervisors achieve from them better performance and reduced turnover. This study tested in a Peruvian call center (N = 255) various hypotheses concerned with the effects of peopleoriented leadership on withdrawal behaviors, their moderation by subordinate perceived employability, and the nature of the relationships between withdrawal behaviors. The evidence revealed independence of uncertified absenteeism from turnover intention, negative effects of people-oriented leadership on subordinate turnover intention regardless of subordinate level of employability, and leadership x employability crossover interactive effects on subordinate uncertified absenteeism. Since people-oriented supervision is associated with increased absenteeism among highly employable subordinates and decreased absenteeism among low-employability workers, the effects cancel each other. Thus, there is a need for understanding the underlying determinants as a pre-condition to deriving practical recommendations.

Liderazgo orientado a la gente encall centers

PurposeCall centers generate stress and absenteeism in staff and the literature suggests that people-oriented leadership is the right way of supervision for such a situation. This study compared its effects versus those of other types of leadership.MethodologyAbsentee data of 379 representatives of customer services of a Peruvian call center were analyzed and the representatives answered a questionnaire about the Framework of Values in Competition and its four types of leadership. Day and night work shifts were compared.ResultsIt was observed that absenteeism declines with people-oriented leadership, although only during the day shift, and the addition of leadership oriented to change, results and control devalues models.Limitations/implicationsFuture studies should cover the performance of the worker. The findings suggest a need to re-focus the theoretical focus on environmental contingencies that affect leadership effectiveness.Originality/valueLeadership theorists will ask themselves in what circumstances the multiple leadership is effective. Call center managers will appreciate the organizational value of people-oriented leadership at the first level of supervision.