People In Higher Education Research Articles

How did the COVID-19 lockdown affect leisure-time exercise patterns? The case of Spain

This paper explores the effects of the lockdown measures on the population’s exercise patterns and aims to answer three questions: Were lockdown exercise patterns different from the ordinary patterns? What are the variables that explain the difference between ordinary habits and lockdown exercise frequency of participants? What are the correlates of the changes in post-lockdown exercise habits among people who exercised during lockdown? We estimated binary logits for participation and ordered logits to analyse frequency and the changes in sporting habits using the 2020 Spanish Survey of Sporting Habits. Our sample consisted of 5,154 observations, of which 3,060 people exercised at least once a month (59.4%) and 2,178 exercised during lockdown (42.3%). The results show that some determinants of the probability and frequency of exercising lost significance during lockdown. Moreover, women and higher-educated people exercised more frequently during lockdown –comparing to their ordinary habits– and women physically active during lockdown exercised less once mobility restrictions were lifted. According to our results, policy makers should focus their attention on men and lower-educated people in the event of future stay-at-home restrictions. Keywords: Exercise, participation, frequency, lockdown, COVID-19

Indigenous Voices in the Knowledge Production

In Brazil, in recent years, we have observed an increase in the access of indigenous people in Higher Education and Postgraduate Studies. They demand recognition as producers of scientific knowledge, overcoming the colonial paradigms that objectify them in the production of knowledge. However, in the case of Public Health, persists a very low visibility of indigenous participation in academia. This experience report presents the project “Indigenous Voices in the Production of Knowledge”, carried out through a partnership between a collective of indigenous researchers from different regions of the country and researchers from “Academic Institution”. A network of 20 indigenous researchers was organized, who met in 2019 and highlighted the need to “give recognition to indigenous knowledge” as a scientific expression; the difficulties of mastering the Portuguese language; the collective character of indigenous authorship and the need to make indigenous identities visible in authorship in scientific productions. An Indigenous Editorial Board was formed and prepared a public call for indigenous authors, which resulted in an open access publication with 21 texts. The editorial process sought to qualify the editorial board in the editorial production process; indigenous researchers carried out the peer review of the submitted texts; and virtual meetings were held with the authors to discuss the opinions. In addition to a quality academic production by indigenous authors, the project strengthened the network of indigenous researchers in collective health area, involving them in other events and initiatives, and triggered institutional changes at “Academic Institution”.

Identifying the potential for increasing cycling in Denmark: Factors associated with short-distance and long-distance commuter cycling

IntroductionIncreasing transportation cycling is an effective initiative toward better population health. The aim was to describe differences between less and more frequent cyclists, and to identify factors associated with transportation cycling for people with short and long distances to work or education. MethodsThe study is based on data from approximately 46,000 respondents from a Danish cross-sectional survey conducted in 2020. The survey included questions on active transportation, barriers, and social background. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis were performed for two groups of less and more frequent cyclists: short distance (1–5 km) and long distance (6–15 km). ResultsOverall, 49.3% of those living within a short distance and 73.0% of those living within a long distance cycled two or fewer days a week to work or education. The odds of cycling more often were significantly higher for individuals aged 15–29, women, higher-educated people, students, people with Danish ethnicity, those with daily access to a bike, people living with children, and those in the municipality area. The odds of cycling more often were significantly lower for people who identified time, physical appearance, safety issues, capabilities, and a preference for car driving as barriers to more active transportation. ConclusionsThis study shows that there are geographical differences within Denmark that affect cycling Rates, despite the country being categorized as a cycling nation. People living in rural areas are less likely to cycle to work or education despite having the same commuting distances as people living in the cities. This is surprising and should be further investigated to identify potential infrastructural, cultural, or interpersonal factors that may promote more commuter cycling among people living in rural areas.

Financial education for young people in higher education

Los cambios por la globalización generan que los jóvenes estén cada vez más preparados no solo a nivel intelectual, sino también financiero. Desde el punto de vista de la educación financiera se describe su importancia para el desarrollo de la calidad de vida de los jóvenes de educación superior. El objetivo principal de la investigación es describir los resultados de las investigaciones que se realizaron sobre educación financiera en jóvenes de educación superior teniendo en consideración investigaciones publicadas entre el periodo de 2017-2022. La investigación corresponde a un diseño documental. Se realizaron búsquedas en Scielo, Scopus, Dialnet, Redalyc, Alicia y Google Académico. En algunas investigaciones se ha relacionado el tipo de carrera universitaria, el nivel de endeudamiento, brecha tecnológica o uso de las TIC, materialismo y desigualdad de género. El estudio permite concluir que, es fundamental el desarrollo de la educación financiera en la formación de los estudiantes de educación superior porque les permitirá tener conocimientos que puedan relacionar entre la teoría y la práctica.

Quality of Life in Higher Education for Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities and Family Perceptions

Background: Intellectual disability is a disorder of intellectual development that, due to its characteristics, involves a series of limitations in cognitive functioning and generalization of learning. These difficulties can evolve with appropriate intervention, which can enhance the quality of life of these people and their families. Objectives: The study seeks to determine the quality of life of people with intellectual disabilities in general and in its different dimensions, taking into account the perception of the person with a disability and that of his/her family. Methods: This study focuses on a specific field: higher education for people with intellectual disabilities. It uses a sample of 19 young people and their 19 corresponding families to determine whether there are significant differences between the two groups, i.e., parents and children. The INICO-FEAPS tool was used to achieve these objectives. Results: The data obtained, and their subsequent analysis have allowed us to detect medium-high levels of quality of life and significant differences between the indices of both groups, highlighting higher scores in the case of families. In addition, self-determination has been revealed as the dimension with the lowest scores, followed by social inclusion and interpersonal relationships. Conclusion: This makes it possible, at the professional level, to focus on these aspects and become aware of the necessary measures to improve intervention in the educational and family environment.

Changes in public attitude toward epilepsy in Hungary since 1994. A multicriteria weighting analysis.

To assess the adult Hungarian population's knowledge about and attitude toward epilepsy and compare the present findings with previous ones in 1994 and 2000. We performed a cross-sectional survey of the Hungarian adult population from 28th February to 8th March 2023. A non-probability quota sampling with a random walk method was used. We applied the computer-assisted personal interviewing (CAPI) method and used a multicriteria weighting procedure to correct for bias along the main sociodemographic variables. To detect changes over time, we used chi-squared tests, and to analyze the effect of sociodemographic characteristics, we applied multivariate logistic regression. One thousand participants (53.1% women, mean age 48.1 ± 16.75 years) representing Hungary's population were interviewed yielding a response rate of 80.3%. 26.3% knew someone with epilepsy (55.9% in 1994 and 51.9% in 2000), and 30.8% saw an epileptic seizure (58% in 1994 and 55.3% in 2000). Compared to the young, fewer adults and elderly people knew someone with epilepsy or had seen a seizure. Like in 1994 and 2000, 16.6% reported objection to their children's interaction with people with epilepsy; however, in the present study, significantly fewer people opposed their children marrying or working together with epileptic people, indicating a change in attitude (p < 0.0001). Rural residents had less objection to their children's interaction with people with epilepsy (p < 0.05). People with secondary education objected significantly more often than those with primary education to their children's interaction (p = 0.037), marriage to people with epilepsy (p = 0.043), or their having equal employment (p = 0.008). Higher education people were as "permissive" as those with primary education. Certain parameters of familiarity and attitude markers of the Hungarian population toward epilepsy have improved. These tendencies are promising, but work is still needed; our results will hopefully evoke educational programs and campaigns against negative attitudes. The knowledge of the Hungarian population about epilepsy and their attitude toward people with epilepsy has been improved since 1994. People from rural areas have shown more acceptance for people with epilepsy. Those people who completed secondary education were significantly more prone to stigmatization than those with primary education.

Dismantling Gender Binaries: An Emergent Model for Nonbinary Identity Development

The purpose of this article is to describe an emergent model that conceptualizes common experiences for nonbinary people as they explore and navigate their identities by synthesizing existing nonbinary identity development literature. We ground our manuscript epistemologically in queer theory, queer of color critique, and intersectionality theory. Our model traces stars that make up nonbinary identity development constellations: embracing fluidity and ambiguity, exploring transition, navigating disclosure, witnessing and mirroring, developing kinship networks, and worldmaking. We guide our conversations to practitioners, administrators, and policymakers in higher education and student affairs to complicate their understanding of gender identity development processes with goals of creating more gender-affirming practices and policies for nonbinary people in higher education.

The Impact of Digital Marketing Management on Customers Buying Behavior: Case Study of Soran City

This study presents the impact of digital marketing on customer buying behavior and examines how digital marketing channels, such as social networks, search engines, and emails, influence customers’ purchasing behavior. The main purpose was to investigate the influence of digital marketing on customer's behavior and identify effective platforms for businesses in Soran independence administration to retain customers. The methodology of the study utilizes a quantitative approach through a survey questionnaire to gather data on the impact of digital marketing on customer buying behavior, including variables such as age, gender, income, education level, and online shopping behavior. The data is analyzed using statistical Package for social science (SPSS 26.0) to determine the relationship and effects of these variables on customer behavior. The study collected data from 250 participants who responded to a survey questionnaire distributed online to customers and people of Soran independence administration in several cities, districts, and sub-districts. The sample was appropriate, simple random sampling, and composed of demographic variables, questions about digital marketing, and purchasing behavior. The results of the study show that digital marketing has a significant impact on customer buying behavior, especially among younger and higher-educated people in Soran independence administration; it provides cost-effective and efficient ways for customers to fulfill their needs. However, businesses should be transparent to avoid deceiving customers. Digital marketing has a positive impact on customer satisfaction, but challenges such as timely delivery and over-advertising on social media remain and. Digital marketing has a significant impact on customer buying behavior, influenced by factors like education level, income, and social media usage. Valid factor analysis test supports this conclusion. Keywords: Digital marketing management, Customers buying behavior, Social media, Instagram, Facebook.

Apartheid and mentoring: from silencing to re-centering previously marginalised voices in the chronicles of higher education mentoring

ABSTRACT The authors of this paper adopted a transformative framework in this article to examine how the legacy of apartheid continues to manifest within higher education in South Africa. In particular, the authors analyzed (a) how mainstream mentoring knowledge of ‘black’ and ‘marginalized’ people have influenced mentoring in post-apartheid South Africa; (b) varied ways in which mentoring initiatives and programs have been silenced and ignored previously marginalized voices through the application of apartheid mentoring knowledge, and (c) shared how the mentors/lecturers and students show and tell their stories about the demands of mentoring and the emphasis of contextual and responsive mentoring for the previously marginalized people in higher education in South Africa. The shortage of mentoring has been cited as a crucial reason for women’s lack of advancement in leadership. Implications for advancing transformation through mentoring in higher education in South Africa are also discussed.

Work-family trajectories across Europe: differences between social groups and welfare regimes.

Work and family trajectories develop and interact over the life course in complex ways. Previous studies drew a fragmented picture of these trajectories and had limited scope. We provide the most comprehensive study of early-to-midlife work-family trajectories to date. Using retrospective data from waves 3 and 7 of the Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), we reconstructed work-family trajectories from age 15 to 49 among almost 80,000 individuals born between 1908 and 1967 across 28 countries. We applied multichannel sequence and cluster analysis to identify typical trajectories and multinomial logistic regression models to uncover their social composition. The results revealed six common trajectories. The dominant and therefore standard trajectory represents continuous full-time employment with having a partner and children. Women, the lower educated and persons from conservative and liberal welfare regimes are underrepresented in this trajectory, whereas men, higher educated people and those from social-democratic, Eastern European and Baltic welfare regimes are overrepresented. The other trajectories denote a deviation from the standard one, integrating a non-standard form of work with standard family formation or vice versa. Mothers in a stable relationship generally work part-time or not at all. When mostly in full-time employment, women are more likely to be divorced. Lower educated persons are less likely to have work-family trajectories characterized by full-time work and a non-standard family, yet more likely to be non-employed for large parts of their life with standard family formation. Younger cohorts are underrepresented in non-employment trajectories, but overrepresented in part-time employment trajectories along with a partner and children as well as full-time employment trajectories with divorce. Individuals from Southern European and liberal regimes are more likely to be non-working and self-employed partnered parents and those from social-democratic regimes are more likely to be full-time employed divorced parents. We also found pronounced gender differences in how educational level, birth cohort and welfare regime are associated with work-family trajectories from early to midlife. Our findings highlight the socially stratified nature of earlier-life work-family trajectories in Europe. Potential implications for inequalities in later life are discussed.

Creando Mundos Y Futuros de Jotería: Ofrendas of Queertorship for and by Queer and Trans Latinx/A/O People

ABSTRACT In this manuscript, we engage mentorship as a form of care, reciprocity, survival, and thriving for queer and trans people within academic spaces. In particular, we conceptualize the term queertorship, which involves a practice of one-to-one and collective guidance and support offered by queer and trans Latinx/a/o (QTL) people to and for other QTL people. We draw on Revilla’s (2021, 2022) theoretical concept of spirit restoration and healing as the framework for how we define queertorship and how we enact this concept in practice. We use our own testimonios of queertorship, with attention to the experiences we have had in the Queer and Trans Latinx/a/o Higher Education Collective, to show examples of our own queertorship journeys. In alignment with giving back to one another, we offer ofrendas to assert the importance and practice of queertorship for QTL people in higher education. These ofrendas include: 1) queertorship as a healing practice and space, 2) queertorship as systems-conscious, and 3) queertorship as enabling resilience and agency. Our hope is that the ofrendas we offer help to illuminate the necessity for queertorship in different spaces of academia for queer and trans Latinx/a/o people.

Maternal depressive symptoms and young people's higher education participation and choice of university: Evidence from a longitudinal cohort study

BackgroundParticipation in higher education has significant and long-lasting consequences for people's socioeconomic trajectories. Maternal depression is linked to poorer educational achievement for children in school, but its impact on university attendance is unclear. MethodsIn an English longitudinal cohort study (N = 8952), we explore whether young people whose mothers experienced elevated depressive symptoms are less likely to attend university, and the role of potential mediators in the young person: educational achievement in school, depressive symptoms, and locus of control. We also examine whether maternal depressive symptoms influence young people's choice of university, and non-attendees' reasons for not participating in higher education. ResultsYoung people whose mothers experienced more recurrent depressive symptoms were less likely to attend university (OR = 0.88, CI = 0.82,0.94, p < 0.001) per occasion of elevated maternal depressive symptoms) after adjusting for confounders. Mediation analysis indicated this was largely explained by educational achievement in school (e.g., 82.7 % mediated by age 16 achievement) and locus of control at 16. There was mixed evidence for an impact on choice of university. For participants who did not study at university, maternal depressive symptoms were linked to stating as a reason having had other priorities to do with family or children (OR: 1.17, CI = 1.02,1.35). LimitationsLack of data on the other parent's depression, loss to follow-up, possibly selective non-response. ConclusionsYoung people whose mothers experience elevated depressive symptoms on multiple occasions are less likely to participate in higher education; educational achievement in secondary school, but not the young people's own depressive symptoms, substantially mediated the effect.

경도 발달장애대학생과 부모의대학 진학 및 대학생활 경험

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to understand the experience and meaning of university entrance and college life of college students with mild developmental disabilities who are currently attending college and leading college life, as higher education for people with developmental disabilities has recently expanded. there is. Methods: Interviews were conducted with 3 college students and 3 mothers with mild developmental disabilities attending a university that provides higher education for people with developmental disabilities. Results: As a result of the study, the experience and meaning of going to college of college students and their parents with mild developmental disabilities were divided into 3 upper categories and 9 lower categories: 'mo- ment for going to college', 'college life experience', and 'thoughts after graduation'. categories were derived. Conclusions: First, it was possible to identify the motivation for university students with mild developmental disabilities to go to college. Second, it was possible to identify the difficulties and growth experienced in college life, and fifth, the necessity of various support and environment creation for careers and careers after graduation from college. was able to figure out.

Does e-shopping increase walking time willingness to reach in-store locations? Exploring the spatial effects

ABSTRACT The studies analyzing the relationships between e-shopping and transport mostly ignore the effects in active mobility. This paper complements current research by studying how e-shopping affects individual walking time willingness to reach daily and non-daily retail opportunities, taking the city of Zaragoza, Spain as a case study. First, a questionnaire is administered, followed by a generalised ordered logit regression model analysis. Then, a gravity-based model is used to compare present walking accessibility levels to retail with an exploratory 2030 scenario based on the regression results. The results indicate a positive association between the frequency of e-shopping and the individual time willingness to reach daily and non-daily retail on foot. They also show that high-educated people tend to have lower time-willingness to reach both types of retail. For non-daily retail, women shopping online are more likely to spend more time on walking, while having children under 12 years old and having a car are negatively associated with walking time-willingness. The exploratory 2030 scenario shows a relevant increase of walking accessibility to daily and non-daily retail. The paper closes with a discussion on how the obtained findings can provide guidelines to improve policies that promote walking and active lifestyles.

Intersectional approach of everyday geography

Hour-by-hour variations in spatial distribution of gender, age and social class within cities remain poorly explored and combined in the segregation literature mainly centred on home places from a single social dimension. Taking advantage of 49 mobility surveys compiled together (385,000 respondents and 1,711,000 trips) and covering 60% of France’s population, we consider variations in hourly populations of 2572 districts after disaggregating population across gender, age and education level. We first isolate five district hourly profiles (two ‘daytime attractive’, two ‘nighttime attractive’ and one more ‘stable’) with very unequal distributions according to urban gradient but also to social groups. We then explore the intersectional forms of these everyday geographies. Taking as reference the dominant groups (men, middle-age and high educated people) known as concentrating hegemonic power and capital, we analyze specifically whether district hourly profiles of dominant groups diverge from those of the others groups. It is especially in the areas exhibiting strong increase or strong decrease of ambient population during the day that district hourly profiles not only combine the largest dissimilarities all together across gender, age and education level but are also widely more synchronous between dominant groups than between non-dominant groups (women, elderly and low-educated people). These intersectional patterns shed new light on areas where peers are synchronously located over the 24-hour period and thus potentially in better position to interact and to defend their common interests.

Spatiotemporal Characteristics and Factors Influencing Urban Tourism Market Network in Western China: Taking Chengdu as an Example

Urban tourism network attention is important for measuring the competitiveness of the urban tourism industry, tourism attraction, and cultural soft power. In this study, we explored the spatiotemporal patterns and factors influencing network attention in the tourist source market and discussed how tourism cities can increase network attention, thus improving the competitiveness of urban cyberspace and developing soft power. Taking Chengdu as a research case, we obtained data on its tourism network attention from 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) between 2011 and 2021. We measured the spatiotemporal characteristics of network attention using the inter-annual change index, seasonal concentration index, potential tourists’ concentration coefficient, and ESDA model and analyzed the factors affecting spatiotemporal changes in network attention using the geographic weighted regression (GWR) model. The results revealed that from 2011 to 2021, the network attention of Chengdu tourism showed an overall “M”-type fluctuation trend, with significant seasonal differences and disequilibrium and significant differences in space, signifying an overall “∩”-shaped distribution trend. This suggested a weak negative spatial correlation. Further, the number of mobile Internet users, people in higher education per 100,000 people, per capita gross domestic product, urbanization rate, and passenger throughput are important factors that affect the network attention of Chengdu tourism. Thus, these results can be used by cities in western China to optimize the network attention rating system of urban tourism, strengthen the promotion of urban image, build a sustainable city, and transform network traffic into effective economic growth.

The Entropy of Romanian Economists into the Labour Market

The rate of unemployment for higher educated people has increased in Romania in the last few decades. The aim of this paper is to analyse survey data from master’s students in Economics from some private and public universities in Bucharest. The study uses ANOVA/linear Dependent Dirichlet Process mixture model to explain the scores from these surveys. The results suggest that the causes of interview rejections for master’s students are due to gender, work seniority, type of university attended, and the requirements of employers in the field. In addition, a rank ordered probit model is used to assess the importance assigned by managers to recommendations to improve university education. The results confirm the rigidities of the Romanian labour market and the necessity to design more and better internships that support policy recommendations for better school-to-work transition.

Justice Matters. News Framing Effects on Opinions about Pension Reform

Abstract As aging populations put pressure on pension systems worldwide, pension reforms have dominated the (political) agenda in many countries for years. The media are essential information providers on such hotly debated issues. By selecting and highlighting certain aspects of an issue and glossing over others, also known as framing, news media can propagate a particular interpretation of the issue to the public. This study therefore approaches pension reform from the perspective of the media by examining how news frames of pension reform (i.e., responsibility frame and justice frame) influence how citizens perceive and respond to pension reform. Findings of an online survey-embedded experiment (N = 762) show that citizens who encountered a news frame that emphasized individual or collective responsibility for pensions showed a stronger preference for this type of responsibility; however, this effect was only positive if news media also framed individual or collective responsibility for pensions as just. In fact, exposure to an unjust frame leads to more negative attitudes toward the specific form of responsibility. Regarding individual differences, lower-educated people are more strongly impacted by the responsibility frame than higher-educated people. The strength of framing effects did not differ among citizens of different ages or levels of solidarity, nor between citizens who received the frames via their primary mode of news use and the ones exposed to a less preferred mode of news use. This study shows the importance of news framing in shaping citizens’ attitudes toward pension reforms, suggesting that media coverage matters in the public debate on pensions.

The construction of safe space: empowerment and the perception of vulnerability at Anglican Foundation Universities in England

ABSTRACT Young adults in university environments are increasingly exploring gender variant identities and challenging binary constructions. Knowledge about the lived experiences of trans and non-binary young people in higher education, however, is partial. Our research into Anglican Foundation Universities in England begins to address this lacuna. In particular, chaplains may find themselves acting as a bridge between the equality, diversity and inclusivity policies of universities and the Anglican Church’s official rejection of both same-sex marriage and the writing of new liturgies for trans folk; this may be especially the case for queer students who have personal connections with the Christian faith. We argue there is a need for deeper reflection on the notion of safe space and the cis-construction of trans and non-binary folk as vulnerable and we ask whether protection and vulnerability discourses create contradictions that undermine agency and positive visibility of trans and non-binary young people. This article adds to research in the field by bringing together religious and gendered identities at UK universities; it draws on interviews with trans and non-binary folk to explore experiences of chaplaincies and campus spaces.

Understanding public support for COVID-19 pandemic mitigation measures over time: Does it wear out?

COVID-19 mitigation measures intend to protect public health, but their adverse psychological, social, and economic effects weaken public support. Less favorable trade-offs may especially weaken support for more restrictive measures. Support for mitigation measures may also differ between population subgroups who experience different benefits and costs, and decrease over time, a phenomenon termed "pandemic fatigue." We examined self-reported support for COVID-19 mitigation measures in the Netherlands over 12 consecutives waves of data collection between April 2020 and May 2021 in an open population cohort study. Participants were recruited through community panels of the 25 regional public health services, and through links to the online surveys advertised on social media. The 54,010 unique participants in the cohort study on average participated in 4 waves of data collection. Most participants were female (65%), middle-aged [57% (40-69 years)], highly educated (57%), not living alone (84%), residing in an urban area (60%), and born in the Netherlands (95%). COVID-19 mitigation measures implemented in the Netherlands remained generally well-supported over time [all scores >3 on 5-point scale ranging 1 (low)-5 (high)]. During the whole period studied, support was highest for personal hygiene measures, quarantine and wearing face masks, high but somewhat lower for not shaking hands, testing and self-isolation, and restricting social contacts, and lowest for limiting visitors at home, and not traveling abroad. Women and higher educated people were more supportive of some mitigation measures than men and lower educated people. Older people were more supportive of more restrictive measures than younger people, and support for more socially restrictive measures decreased most over time in higher educated people or in younger people. This study found no support for pandemic fatigue in terms of a gradual decline in support for all mitigation measures in the first year of the pandemic. Rather, findings suggest that support for mitigation measures reflects a balancing of benefits and cost, which may change over time, and differ between measures and population subgroups.