People In Experimental Group Research Articles

Effect of Educational Program Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior on Increasing the Safe Sexual Behaviors among Addicts Covered by Addiction Treatment Centers in Shiraz

Background and Objective: High-risk behaviors in addicts are one of the most important risk factors for the health of the community. Regarding the negative consequences of insecure sexual behaviors in addicts, this study aimed at investigating the effect of educational program based on the theory of planned behavior on increasing the safe sexual behaviors among addicts covered by addiction treatment centers. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted in two stages in 2017 among addicts covered by private addiction treatment centers in Shiraz. At first, a descriptive-analytic and cross sectional study was conducted to investigate the factors related to safe sexual behaviors based on the theory of planned behavior on 200 addicts covered by addiction treatment centers in Shiraz. At this stage, the sampling method was random cluster sampling. In the second stage, a semi-experimental interventional study was performed on 100 addicts (50 people in experimental group and 50 people in control group), who participated in two educational sessions. In this stage, the samples were selected by simple random sampling. Data gathering tools consisted of questionnaire containing demographic information and the theory of planned behavior constructs. After coding, data analysis was performed, using SPSS 22 software by statistical tests such as logistic regression, paired t-test, independent t-test, Chi-square, and McNemar’s tests. Results: After educational intervention, the mean scores of all planned behavior structures (attitude toward behavior, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, behavioral intention, and safe sexual behaviors) in the intervention group significantly increased (p<0.001). These changes were not significant in the control group (p>0.05). Conclusion: Implementation of educational programs to encourage safe sexual behaviors based on the theory of planned behavior increases safe behavior of addicted people.

중심부강화 운동이 농촌 노인들의 농부증, 보행능력 및 낙상관련 체력 변인에 미치는 효과

The purpose of this study was to study the effects of core training on farmer`s syndrome, gait ability and fall related fitness in agricultural elderly. Forty-four agriculture elderly, males 4, females 18, core experimental group and control group males 4, females 18 participated. The 22 people in experimental group did exercise using the swiss ball with core training and control group didn"t exercise. The core training with swiss ball program consists of standing, seated, and prone-position exercise performed for 80 minute in 3-5 sets, two times a week for 14 weeks. The results were as following. There was a significant difference group in farmer’s syndrome. There was a significant difference in the time, group and interaction for “10 m fast walking” and “stair up 4 steps”, however there wasn’t significant difference on “10 m usual walking”. There was a significant difference in the time, group and interaction for “timed up and go” and significant difference in the group and interaction for “chair stand”. But however there wasn’t a significant difference in the “chair seat and reach”. The study shows that core training with swiss ball program was helpful to develop farmer’s syndrome, gait ability and fall related fitness. It also shows the value of core resistance exercise for agriculture elderly.

5 x 5 Gy and consolidation chemotherapy vs long-course preoperative chemoradiation for locally advanced rectal cancer: An interim analysis of a randomized phase III study.

e15006 Background: To present an interim analysis of a phase III trial comparing short-course radiotherapy followed by chemotherapy with long-course chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer. Methods: Patients with distal or middle third, MRI diagnosed cT3-T4 or N+ rectal adenocarcinomas were randomized to either 5 x 5 Gy and 4 courses of CAPOX (experimental group) or 50 Gy delivered in 25 fractions given concurrently with capecitabine (control group). Total mesorectal excision (TME) in both groups was performed 6-8 weeks after neoadjuvant treatment. This is an interim analysis of acute toxicities for the first 127 patients who finished neoadjuvant therapy, as well as the pCR and surgical complications for the first 100 patients who received surgery. Results: From 08/30/2015 to 12/11/2016, 63 patients in experimental group and 64 in control group from 10 Chinese hospitals were analyzed. During preoperative treatment, any acute toxicities were 100% in both groups and grade III-IV 19.0% vs. 6.3% ( p= 0.03) in experimental group and control group, respectively. Full-dose completion rates of planned neoadjuvant treatment were 88.9% and 93.7% in each group ( p= 0.33), respectively. After median duration of 7 weeks and 9 weeks in experimental group and control group, TME was performed. Among the 100 patients who have finished surgery, 94.1% and 89.8% in experimental and control group had R0 resection ( p= 0.426), while 21.6% and 6.1% of them achieved pCR ( p= 0.026), respectively. There were 8 patients in experimental group diagnosed as clinical CR and refused to further radical surgery, while, none in control group ( p= 0.003). The incidences of surgical complications were similar between two groups (experimental 29.1% vs. control 26.5%; p= 0.748), with perineal healing delay as the main reason. Conclusions: The acute toxicity and surgical complication were acceptable and comparable in both groups, however, the people in experimental group showed a significantly clinical and pathological response. The short-course irradiation and consolidation chemotherapy maybe an alternative standard of care, though the final result is in prospect. Clinical trial information: NCT02533271.

The Effectiveness of Sandplay Therapy in Reducing Anxiety in Midlife Women With Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Indonesian women experience marginalization and demands for role performance based on cultural expectations and many are impacted by high anxiety. This study examines the effectiveness of sandplay therapy in reducing anxiety in Indonesian women diagnosed with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD). The present study is an experimental, pre- and post- test design. The participants were 22 women, ages 35 to 50, seeking counseling in an outpatient treatment setting and diagnosed with GAD. The sample was selected based on diagnostic criteria and randomly divided into two groups (11 people in experimental group and 11 people in wait list control group). Before and after 10 treatment sessions of sandplay therapy, all participants were tested using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scales (HAM-A) to measure anxiety. Results show a significant difference (p&lt;.05) between the experimental and control groups. The experimental group experienced a large decrease of anxiety (M = -16.68, SD = 11.813) compared to the control group (M = 7.32, SD = 5.737). The mean difference is significant, t(20): -6.061, p&lt;.05, Cohen's D = 2.58. The results indicate there was a significant effect of the sandplay therapy in reducing GAD symptoms. Therefore, the findings suggest that sandplay therapy is an effective treatment in reducing anxiety in Indonesian women age 35-50 years old diagnosed with GAD.

치료레크리에이션이 정신요양시설에 있는 만성정신질환자의 무력감과 생활만족도에 미치는 영향

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a therapeutic recreation program on the powerlessness and life satisfaction of people with chronic mental disability. Methods: Nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used for this study. There were 24 people in experimental group and 21 people in control group. Therapeutic Recreation Program was carried out twice a week in a total of 8 sessions, 60 minutes for each session. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, <TEX>$X^2$</TEX>-test, and independent t-test with SPSS/WIN 18.0. Results: Life satisfaction in the experimental group compared with the control group was significantly increased after the therapeutic recreation program (t=2.48, p=.017). On the other hand, There was no difference in powerlessness of experimental group compared with control group (t=1.51, p=.138). Conclusion: Further studies were needed to be done to support the effectiveness of recreation therapy on the powerlessness and life satisfaction of people with chronic mental disability. In addition, therapeutic recreation programs to improve helplessness and life satisfaction are in need.