Peganum Research Articles

COMPARING THE EFFICIENCY OF THE AQUEOUS AND ALCOHOLIC EXTRACTS OF PEGANUM HARMALA AND ANTIBACTERIAL SOLUTIONS OF CHLORHEXIDINE AND LISTERINE IN DIFFERENT PERCENTAGES ON AGGREGIBACTER ACTINOMYCETEMCOMITANS AND STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS BACTERIA

Introduction: Antibacterial effects of Peganum harmala extract have been proved in in-vitro studies.The purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness of different percentages of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Peganum harmala and antibacterial solutions of Chlorhexidine and Listerine on Aggregibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Staphylococcus aureusbacteria. Materials and methods: In this study, the antibacterial effect of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Peganum harmala was investigated using well plate and MIC methods. Bacterial strains of Aggregibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A.a.) and Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus)were cultured in plates.Then, wells were created in each plate and the extracts were placed in them with different concentrations(0.5%, 1%, 3%, 5% and 10%).2.0% and 12.0% Chlorhexidine and Listerinewere used as the positive control and empty wells and solvent were used for the negative control. Plates were incubated. Then, the diameter of the zone of growth inhibition around each well was measured and recorded. Findings: All the concentrations, except 5% and 10% ethanolic concentrations, had a significantly lower antibacterial effect on A.a and S. aureus bacteria than Chlorhexidine (P<0.05).Increasing the concentration significantly increased the zone of growth inhibition in both extracts. Compared to Listerine, the effectiveness of the alcoholic extractof Peganum harmala was comparable and was even more effective on S. aureus than Listerine. The ethanolic extract also had more bacterial effect than aqueous extract. Conclusion: According to this study, the aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Peganum harmala plant had antibacterial properties against A.a and S. aureus bacteria, which was more effective in ethanol solvent and higher concentrations, which prevents the significant growth of bacteria. However, in comparison with0.2% and0.12% Chlorhexidine and Listerine,they exhibited a significantly lower antibacterial effect, except for 5% and 10%alcoholic extracts.

Effect of Ethanolic and Aquatic Extract of Harmal ( Peganum harmala ) on the Activity of Staphylococcus aureus in Minced Meat of Silver Carp ( Hypophthalmichthys molitrix ) in Different Times of Storage at Refregerated (4°C)

In this study, the plant Peganum collected for providing its ethanolic and aquatic extract. 0.01, 0.02 and 0.35 µg/ml of it were prepared and kept at 4°C for evaluating it’s effect on growth of Staphylococcus aureus in minced meat of Silver carp in days 0, 1, 2, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13. Results showed the ethanolic extract of Peganum harmala at 0.35 µg/ml has the most anti-microbial effect and also, the aquatic extract prevented the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. Proxide value (PV) was minimum in control during 13 days. The maximum and minimum of thiobarbiutic acid (TBA) observed at 13th day in control and day zero at 0.01 µg/ml, respectively. The minimum of fat was in control in 11th and 13th days. Maximum level of fat observed at 0.35 µg/ml at the first and 13th day. Based on results adding 0.35 µg/ml of harmal in minced meat of Sliver carp is recomended.

Effect of Peganum multisectum on seedling growth and cell protective enzyme system inmaize

Effect of Peganum multisectum on seedling growth and cell protective enzyme system inmaize

Neuropharmacological evaluation of selected Jordanian traditional herbal medicines

Numerous medicinal plants have been described in traditional medicine for treatment of dementias, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In this study, some of these plants were evaluated in three different types of pharmacological bioassays related to AD pathology to explore the possible mechanisms underpinning their traditional use. Six selected plants were extracted with ethanol and screened in vitro for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and cycloxygenase-1 (COX-1) enzyme inhibitory activities; in addition, a range of anti-oxidant activities were evaluated. Of the tested plant extracts, Aloysia citrodora and Peganum harmala root and seeds showed inhibitory effect on AChE (IC50 68, 100 and 93 μg/ml,) respectively).. Moreover, A. citrodora appeared to interact reversibly with the enzyme, while P. harmala appeared to show irreversible inhibition. Asphodelus microcarpus, Inula viscosa and A. citrodora displayed COX-1 enzyme inhibitory activity (IC50 34.9, 3.4 and 3.2 μg/ml respectively). DPPH radical scavenging activity was demonstrated by all tested plants. Two extracts in particular (Arbutus andrachne and A. microcarpus) exhibited potent nitric oxide (NO) scavenging activity (IC50 4.5 and 5.0 ug/ml respectively). Four extracts A. citriodora, P. harmala (Root) and (seed) and A. microcarpus exhibited strong metal chelating ability (IC50 4.5, 6.2, 6.5 and 6.7 μg/ml,) respectively). The modest reversible interaction of A. citrodora with AChE, COX-1inhibitory and antioxidant activity, and strong metal chelating ability make this plant a promising candidate for future development in the treatment of AD, either as a whole extract or as individual bioactive constituents. A. andrachne and A. microcarpus extracts should be further evaluated since they exhibited promising NO scavenging activities. Key words: Anti-acetylcholinesterase, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, metal chelating ability, Jordanian medicinal plants, Alzheimer’s disease.

Determination of elements by atomic absorption spectrometry in medicinal plants employed to alleviate common cold symptoms.

Eleven important medicinal plants generally used by the people of Turkey for the treatment of common cold have been studied for their mineral contents. Eleven minor and major elements (essential, non-essential and toxic) were identified in the Asplenium adiantum-nigrum L. , Althaea officinalis L. , Verbascum phlomoides L., Euphorbia chamaesyce L., Zizyphus jujube Miller, Peganum harmala L., Arum dioscoridis Sm., Sambucus nigra L., Piperlongum L., Tussilago farfara L. and Elettaria cardamomum Maton by employing flame atomic absorption and emission spectrometry and electro-thermal atomic absorption spectrometry. Microwave digestion procedure for total concentration was applied under optimized conditions for dissolution of medicinal plants. Plant based biological certified reference materials (CRMs) served as standards for quantification. These elements are found to be present in varying concentrations in the studied plants. The baseline data presented in this work can be used in understanding the role of essential, non-essential and toxic elements in nutritive, preventive and therapeutic properties of medicinal plants.

Cytogenetic Effects of Crude Extracts of Peganum harmala Seeds and Their Effects on Vicia faba Plants

Cytogenetic Effects of Crude Extracts of <i>Peganum harmala</i> Seeds and Their Effects on <i>Vicia faba</i> Plants

Antitermitic activity and phytochemical analysis of fifteen medicinal plant seeds

The present study was designed to evaluate the phytochemical composition (qualitative and quantitative) as well as the antitermitic activity of EtOH (ethanol) seed extracts of fifteen medicinal plants. Different bioassay were used for the determination of phytochemical constituents and flavonoids, saponins, tannins and alkaloids contents were found to ranged from 0.65 to 15.18%, 0.54 to 8.60%, 0.08 to 27.71% and 0.34 to 12.47%, respectively; while the qualitative analysis of methanolic extracts also revealed the presence of glycoside, steroid, cardiac glycosides and terpenoid. The EtOH extracts of fifteen medicinal plant seed showed excellent antitermitic activity and the LT 50 of Foeniculum vulgare, Peganum harmala, Psoralea corylifolia, Ricinus communis, Croton tiglium, Mentha species , O. sativum and Capsicum frutescens was found lower than 10 h, while Nigella sativa, Allium sativum , Plantago ovata , Azadirachta indica and Melia azadirachta showed LT 50 values above 35 h in 10% extracts. The antitermitic activities were found significantly different for 3, 5 and 10% extracts. It is concluded from the results that the medicinal plant seed extracts tested, may provide a renewable source of safe natural antitermitic agent. These findings suggest the use of seed extracts of medicinal plant to control termites population. The results reported here open the possibility of further investigations of efficacy of these medicinal seed extracts to control termites population practically.

Antifungal activity of Peganum harmala seeds extract in vitro

Peganum harmala (Zygophyllaceae) is an intriguing herb with a long history of medicinal use. Antifungal activity of P. harmala seed extract against certain fungal species was investigated in vitro. Antifungal activity of the extract of P. harmala seeds was investigated against several fungal species using in vitro agar dilution technique. The fungal species included: Microsporum canis, Microsporum gypseum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton tonsurans and Fonsecaea pedrosoi. P. harmala extract, diluted 2.5:1000, produced complete inhibition against microsporum and trichophyton species. The extract had a considerable antifungal activity. Further purification and extraction of the active principles (alkaloids) of P. harmala seeds might show a true antifungal activity comparable to standard antifungal drugs.

Investigation of the alkaloids of Biebersteinia multifida and Peganum harmala from Karakalpakia

Investigation of the alkaloids of Biebersteinia multifida and Peganum harmala from Karakalpakia