Teaching Methodology Research Articles

Habilidades no técnicas en la educación en cirugía. Una revisión panorámica de la literatura

IntroductionThere is a growing recognition of incorporating non-technical skills during the training process of a surgeon, as a strategy to increase their future professional performance. There is a gap in the educational methodology used. A panoramic review of the literature is carried out to identify the status, gaps and research opportunities. MethodsPanoramic review of the literature with the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology. Studies that addressed instruction, measurement, outcome evaluation, and the educational impact of non-technical skills on residents were analyzed. ResultsThe studies analyzed were carried out between 2012 and 2021. The skills studied were situational awareness, decision making, communication, teamwork, and leadership. There are studies on validation of instruments and implementation of education models. The knowledge gaps identified were the lack of standardization of the methods used for the training and evaluation of these competencies, as well as the lack of studies in Latin America. DiscussionThe teaching of non-technical skills is a pending issue in the training of a surgeon. The relevance of the topic requires its study and incorporation into study curricula.

A Staged Framework for Computer Vision Education: Integrating AI, Data Science, and Computational Thinking

Computer vision education is increasingly important in modern technology curricula; yet, it often lacks a systematic approach integrating both theoretical concepts and practical applications. This study proposes a staged framework for computer vision education designed to progressively build learners’ competencies across four levels. This study proposes a four-staged framework for computer vision education, progressively introducing concepts from basic image recognition to advanced video analysis. Validity assessments were conducted twice with 25 experts in the field of AI education and curricula. The results indicated high validity of the staged framework. Additionally, a pilot program, applying computer vision to acid–base titration activities, was implemented with 40 upper secondary school students to evaluate the effectiveness of the staged framework. The pilot program showed significant improvements in students’ understanding and interest in both computer vision and scientific inquiry. This research contributes to the AI educational field by offering a structured, adaptable approach to computer vision education, integrating AI, data science, and computational thinking. It provides educators with a structured guide for implementing progressive, hands-on learning experiences in computer vision, while also highlighting areas for future research and improvement in educational methodologies.

The Return Journey: A Multivariate Analysis of Covid-19 Related Academic Pitfalls in Post-Secondary Business Education

Online instruction is not new and has not been such for over two decades. Despite this, it still presents challenges for faculty and students alike. Specifically, many faculty and students avoid online instruction because it does not fit their teaching or learning styles. A problem then occurs when this instructional methodology cannot be avoided. The current work looks at online instruction from before, during, and after COVID-19 (i.e., when faculty and students were not necessarily given a choice on the delivery of instruction) to assess any instructional quality gaps during this period. The results significantly impact a student’s classroom performance (i.e., grades earned) based on several factors. Results and future research are discussed.

Formative Research in the Digital Context and Academic Competence in their Academic Works of University Students

Traditional teaching methodologies, such as lectures, are not the most effective in improving students' academic competence. However, through learning through formative research and the use of educational technologies, university students can better develop their academic competencies. The objective of this article was to determine the relationship between formative research in the context of dynamic digital technology and the academic competence of students at the Universidad Nacional del Altiplano in Peru. The methodology used was quantitative, cross-sectional and correlational. A survey was applied in the three areas of professional training, such as: social sciences, biomedical and engineering, to a representative sample of 382 students of both sexes, out of a population of 17,000 students. The findings of the research revealed a moderate positive relationship (r = 0.469), with a significance level of (p value = 0.00 < 0.05). This indicates that formative research, using various dynamic didactic techniques, is directly related to the academic competence of students in the elaboration of their academic works.

Rethinking Pedagogy in Higher Education Amid Turbulent Times

Global challenges (labour market expectations, digital technology, the massing of higher education) are constantly changing the way higher education is managed. Responses to change can be planned. Responses from higher education stakeholders can be interesting and instructive for other institutions, as these examples can be incorporated into their own responses. The purpose of the study is to present the top-down ped- agogical reform process that started in 2019 at the University of Public Service in Budapest. Although initiated by the university’s educational strategy, its implementation depends on the teachers who have actively created innovative pedagogical spaces that ensure sustainability. These innovative spaces include training sessions for teachers, workshops, thematic discussions on teaching methodology, methodological publications, research and the annual Innovative Department Award. The stages of the process and the results and challenges of each stage were documented using a case study method. The description helps to illustrate how a process of pedagogical reform, with which the university leadership’s goal is rapid, systemic change affecting the work of hundreds of teachers, can be developed and sustained on the basis of commitment from teachers and institutional determination.

Quantification of training in educational methodology among teachers on the degree course in medicine: a pilot study

BackgroundMedical education has undergone significant changes over the last decades. Scientific and technological progress alongside contemporary society’s changing requirements have driven demand for highly trained, competent doctors. In response to this need, university faculties of medicine have sought innovative forms of teaching and evaluating the students on their degree courses. The aim of this study was to quantify the characteristics and extent of academic training in teaching methods, of participation in innovative teaching initiatives, and training in simulation and debriefing among the teaching personnel on the degree course in medicine at the University of Granada (Spain).MethodsThis transversal descriptive study was conducted among a population of 121 educators teaching on the medical degree course at the University of Granada, Spain. All responded to a specially designed CoRe-Content Representation questionnaire. This consisted of various parts: (a) demographic data; (b) teaching experience and qualifications; (c) specific information about training in teaching skills received. The Fisher test was applied whenever the dependent variable had two values (dichotomous) and the Chi-square test when it had more than two values (polytomic). Statistical significance was established with an alpha error of 5%.ResultsThe results showed that 87.60% of the educators had received no training in debriefing. There was a notable gender gap, whereby women held fewer management posts, fewer were engaged in clinical activity, and fewer had undergone training in clinical simulation. Teachers with degrees in medicine had undergone less regulated training than educators with other degree qualifications.ConclusionThe main areas of medical training that require improvement (and so present challenges to be met in the years to come) are as follows: a definitive solution to the existing gender gap, general implementation of new educational models and methods (especially learning based on clinical problem-solving and simulation), closing generation gaps, and improved training processes for educators with clinical attachment.

Correlation between Teacher Motivation, Remuneration and Student Outcomes in Nigeria, with a Focus on Public versus Private Educational Institutions

Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate the correlation between teacher motivation, remuneration, and student outcomes in Nigeria, with a focus on public versus private educational institutions Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: The investigation into the correlation between teacher motivation, remuneration, and student outcomes in Nigeria reveals a clear link between teacher incentives and student performance, with notable differences between public and private institutions. In private schools, where teachers generally receive higher salaries and better working conditions, student outcomes are significantly better, as measured by exam performance and retention rates. Conversely, in public schools, low teacher remuneration, lack of incentives, and inadequate working conditions result in low teacher motivation, which negatively impacts student outcomes. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Herzberg’s two-factor theory, expectancy theory & equity theory may be used to anchor future studies on the correlation between teacher motivation, remuneration, and student outcomes in Nigeria, with a focus on public versus private educational institutions. Performance-based remuneration systems should be implemented in public schools to enhance teacher motivation. Policymakers should establish a national remuneration framework that aligns public and private sector teacher pay, ensuring equity in compensation and reducing the motivation gap between the sectors.

Skills Acquisition and Engagement with the Use of a Structured Journal Club Curriculum.

Journal clubs are a common element of many residency programs. However, there is little data showing that they improve residents' ability to interpret and use the scientific literature. The authors developed a structured journal club curriculum intended to improve scientific literacy skills among residents and increase acceptability and participation in meaningful discussion of high-quality articles among both residents and facilitators. This study examined the impact of the curriculum on objective skills, subjective skills, and engagement. Psychiatry residents from three academic medical centers completed 10-12 virtual journal clubs during academic year 2022-2023. At the start and end of that year, residents completed a knowledge assessment and a self-rating of scientific literacy skills; at the end of the year, residents self-rated participation in, preparation for, and attitudes towards journal club sessions and assessment of scientific literacy skills. Twenty-seven residents completed self-reports at both time points. Performance on the objective skills assessment did not improve over the course of the year. Subjectively, residents reported increased understanding of common statistical techniques, ability to determine if techniques used in an article are appropriate, and the extent to which information learned from articles informs clinical practice. In the sample of 62 resident engagement surveys at follow-up, the journal club curriculum was well-received. Use of a structured journal club curriculum was associated with improvements in self-rated scientific literacy skills among residents and had high acceptability. More work is needed to understand the impact of teaching methodology on journal club success.

Closing the divide: Exploring higher education teachers’ perspectives on educational technology

Incorporating technology into education has become a crucial component of contemporary teaching practices. Technological advancements have led to the development of innovative teaching tools and methodologies that promote active learning and engagement among students. This study used a modified version of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to analyze the key factors that impact the integration of technology in the teaching practice of higher education instructors. Among the factors to be included in the modified model are technostress and teaching tradition. These factors have been rarely examined within the mandatory technology integration in higher education settings. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) is used to analyse the empirical data collected from 657 higher education teachers in Jordan. Findings reveal that teachers’ technological, pedagogical and content knowledge (TPACK) played a crucial role in facilitating the effective integration of technology into teaching practices. This boosted self-efficacy, personal innovativeness and perceptions of ease of use and usefulness. Additionally, teachers’ TPACK negatively influenced their technostress and teaching tradition. Indeed, technostress and teaching tradition were identified as significant obstacles to the effective integration of technology into teaching practices. Significant implications for theory and practice can be derived from the findings of this study to effectively incorporate technology in higher education.

Studying Abroad as a Means of Preparing Future Music Teachers in China

The concept of studying abroad as a means of preparing future music teachers in China has a rich and complex history, reflecting the nation’s evolving educational philosophies, political changes, and cultural exchanges. The purpose of this study is to present the genesis of using studying abroad as part of the professional training for future music teachers, detailing the goals and social mandates across various stages of Chinese state development. The article also draws attention to the organic "embeddedness" of such a means of training future music teachers in the Chinese system of professional and higher music-pedagogical education, especially of vocal practices that are not traditional for Chinese culture. Methodology. The study employs a historical-analytical approach, examining primary and secondary sources to trace the evolution of studying abroad as a practice for Chinese music educators. This includes an analysis of normative documents and policy papers available on official educational authority and institution websites. Additionally, qualitative data from interviews with contemporary music educators who have studied abroad provide insights into current practices and perceptions. The findings reveal that the practice of studying abroad for music education, primarily for personal music career development and secondarily for teaching, has been prevalent throughout Chinese history, and has undergone significant transformations over the past century. In the modern period, China continues to send a significant number of students abroad, supported by initiatives such as the China Scholarship Council and ‘One Belt – One Road’ Initiative. These programs facilitate grant support and promote cultural exchange and international cooperation, enriching the professional development of future music teachers in China. The study concludes that international educational experiences have profoundly impacted Chinese music education. Educators trained abroad have introduced diverse musical styles, innovative teaching methodologies, and a global perspective that enhance the learning experience of Chinese students. The integration of international practices has elevated the standards of music education in China, and gained global recognition. However, challenges remain in balancing traditional Chinese music with Western influences, and ensuring equitable access to international education opportunities. The study highlights the need for continuous adaptation and the development of strategies to address these challenges, ensuring that the benefits of studying abroad are fully realised in the Chinese educational context.

Employing structural equation modeling to discern teachers’ perspectives and their embrace of the Metaverse within the classroom setting

The rise of smart learning environments and the transformative potential of the Metaverse are increasingly evident across various sectors, particularly in education. While substantial attention has been directed toward student engagement within the Metaverse, the evolution of teaching methodologies enabled by this technology remains under-examined. This study investigates the influence of teachers’ prior experience with technology on their willingness to adopt the Metaverse in diverse educational contexts. Utilizing a sample of 311 educators from the Brazilian Amazon, partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was employed to validate the theoretical model. The findings emphasize the significant relationship between previous technological experiences, the mediating role of social influence in adoption, and performance expectations. Furthermore, the results underscore the pivotal role of technological engagement in shaping educators’ perceptions and their readiness to adopt emerging innovations, such as the Metaverse.

Enhancing Higher Education in Portugal: Leveraging Generative Artificial Intelligence for Learning-Teaching Process

Recent advancements in Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) have revolutionized numerous fields, including higher education. This study focuses on the integration of GAI in Portuguese higher education institutions and explores its multifaceted implications and potential. Our research, conducted through a comprehensive survey between April and June 2023, engages with higher education faculty to understand their perceptions and utilization of GAI tools in teaching and learning processes. The potential of GAI to enhance personalized learning and interactive teaching methodologies is significant. It enables the creation of customized educational content, interactive simulations, and real-time feedback mechanisms, thus reducing the educators' workload and enhancing the learning experience. However, this integration is not without challenges. The study identifies critical ethical concerns around the use of GAI, including data privacy, intellectual property, and the potential for bias in AI-generated content. Additionally, our findings indicate varying acceptance and readiness among educators to adopt these technologies. While some express enthusiasm for the potential of GAI to transform educational practices, others remain cautious, highlighting the need for comprehensive training and support to leverage GAI capabilities fully. This paper captures the essence of the study's findings, illustrating both the promising opportunities and the complex challenges associated with using Generative AI in higher education. Higher education institutions can significantly enhance teaching and learning landscapes by addressing these challenges and fostering an informed and ethical approach to GAI integration.

Enhancing STEAM Education with AR: A Primary Education Teacher Training Study

This research delves into the influence of Augmented Reality (AR) on Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics (STEAM) education within the domain of primary school teacher training at the university level. The core aim is to augment digital literacy within the primary education framework through inquiry-based teaching methods. This investigation was organized among students enrolled in the Faculty of Education, Comenius University in Bratislava. The empirical research is devoted to the contribution of AR technologies to the enhancement of STEAM education and its implications for future primary education teachers. Utilizing a qualitative research methodology, the study facilitated small-group project work among students, complemented by focus groups and interviews to garner comprehensive insights into their experiences and perceptions. The findings of this study illuminate the significant role of AR applications for enriching STEAM education, manifesting in motivation of future teachers and the advancement of specific STEAM competencies. The results indicate the advantage of the integration of AR technologies in educational settings as a tool for supporting digital, technical, and artistic skills among students. The research results are possible to use in the innovation of teacher training primary education study program. An interdisciplinary approach towards STEAM education can help future teachers to navigate and to understand a technologically driven world effectively. Furthermore, the study offers actionable recommendations for practicing primary school educators on the implementation of AR-based pedagogical strategies to enrich the learning experience. By doing so, it aims to bridge the gap between traditional educational methodologies and the demands of contemporary digital literacy, ultimately fostering a more engaging and effective learning environment for future generations. The research results will be implemented into the STEAM oriented subjects into the primary school teacher training at the university level and in the lifelong learning of the in-service primary school teachers from educational practise.

Pro Latinitate Activa: a student's perspective on Active Latin

Abstract Critics have argued that the Active1 approach to Latin is not, in fact, an effective way to learn the language. This misconception appears to stem at least in part from misunderstandings regarding teaching methodology, such as the belief that teachers who use these methods neglect grammar or do not in fact introduce students to ‘real’ original Latin, but simplified versions of the texts created by the teachers themselves. As someone who learned Latin primarily through the Active Method, I can attest that this is an unrealistic representation. These methods are not used at the expense of formal grammar instruction; they are a different way of teaching grammar that also stresses the importance of acquiring a large vocabulary for the purpose of more fluent reading. Nor do such courses never progress to the reading of authentic Classical Latin. I will use online descriptions of Active Method courses to demonstrate this.

Language Teaching and Curricular Practices: A Comprehensive Literature Review

Language teaching has evolved over the decades, driven by advancements in educational theories and the growing need for learners to communicate effectively in a globalized world. Curricular practices in language education have shifted from traditional grammar-based approaches to more communicative and task-oriented models. However, the implementation of these curricula varies across different contexts, raising questions about their effectiveness and adaptability. This comprehensive literature review aims to analyze the current trends, challenges, and best practices in language teaching and curriculum design. By synthesizing findings from empirical studies, the review examines how various curricular approaches impact language proficiency, learner engagement, and teaching methodologies. The study also explores the role of institutional support and teacher training in facilitating successful language education reforms. The review finds that communicative and task-based curricula significantly improve language proficiency and learner motivation. However, successful implementation requires adequate teacher preparation, appropriate resource allocation, and flexibility in curriculum design. Additionally, challenges such as cultural differences, institutional rigidity, and assessment practices can hinder the effectiveness of innovative curricular models. In conclusion, while communicative and task-based approaches show promise, their success is highly context-dependent. Future research should focus on developing adaptable curriculum models that accommodate diverse educational settings and explore long-term outcomes of these approaches.

Assessment Technologies for Enhancing Civil Engineering Education: A Comprehensive Review

This review paper provides a comprehensive analysis of assessment technologies used to enhance civil engineering education. Drawing from a selection of recent research papers published between 2020 and 2024, the paper synthesizes insights into various assessment methods and their impact on student learning outcomes in civil engineering programs. The review covers diverse topics such as project-based learning, virtual laboratories, online assessments, mobile learning, gamification, and augmented reality. Each paper is analysed for its methodology, key findings, and implications for civil engineering education. Through this review, the paper aims to offer educators and policymakers valuable insights into the effectiveness of assessment technologies in fostering student engagement and improving learning experiences in civil engineering programs. Keywords: Assessment technologies, Civil engineering education, Project-based learning, Online assessments, Mobile learning

A Comprehensive Review of Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) in Modern Classrooms

Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) has become a dominant methodology in language education, emphasizing interaction and practical communication skills over traditional grammar-focused approaches. With the increasing need for language learners to develop real-world communicative competence, CLT has been widely adopted in modern classrooms across various educational contexts. However, its implementation faces challenges such as cultural differences, teacher preparedness, and institutional constraints. This comprehensive review aims to evaluate the effectiveness and challenges of CLT in contemporary language teaching settings. This study uses a systematic review methodology, analyzing research articles, case studies, and reports published in the last two decades. The review focuses on both qualitative and quantitative studies that assess CLT’s impact on language proficiency, learner motivation, and classroom engagement. It also explores barriers to successful CLT implementation, including teacher training and resource limitations. The findings suggest that CLT has a significant positive impact on learners’ communicative competence and motivation, especially in immersive environments. However, the success of CLT varies depending on the classroom context, cultural backgrounds, and teacher expertise. Moreover, while CLT fosters a more interactive learning experience, challenges such as inadequate teacher training and a lack of suitable materials often hinder its full potential. In conclusion, CLT remains an effective approach to language teaching, but its success is contingent on overcoming implementation barriers. Further research is needed to address these challenges and to explore how CLT can be adapted to different learning environments.

Team Teaching and CLIL Methodology

This paper investigates team teaching within the CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning) methodology in lower secondary education in Italy, focusing on the collaboration between language and content subject teachers in designing and implementing CLIL pathways.The discussion begins with an overview of the CLIL methodology’s emergence in the plurilingual and pluricultural European context, with particular attention to its application in Italian schools.Next, the paper focuses on the training of CLIL teachers in Italy and on the collaboration between language teacher and subject teacher, forming the so-called team teaching CLIL.An illustrative example of a CLIL module, co-developed by English, Art, and History teachers, from an Italian lower secondary school, is provided, and the opinions of the teachers involved, gathered through interviews, are briefly presented regarding the educational pathway undertaken. These reflections offer insights into the educational process and the challenges encountered.The paper concludes by deriving methodological recommendations for CLIL teacher training, emphasizing the importance of effective collaboration between content and language teachers for the successful implementation of CLIL methodology.

Analysis of Effectiveness of Collaborative Pedagogy Practices

This study analyzes the effectiveness of collaborative teaching and learning strategies to enhance student's educational experience and learning results. Collaborative pedagogy converts the traditional teacher-centered paradigm into a more participatory, student-centered approach, promoting active participation via group work, debates, and collective problem-solving. This study examines existing literature, case studies, and empirical evidence to evaluate the impact of collaborative approaches on student accomplishment, motivation, and the development of fundamental abilities such as critical thinking, communication, and cooperation. The study found that collaborative teaching and learning approaches are essential for strengthening comprehension, increasing information retention, and cultivating superior social skills. The benefits of peer learning, active engagement, and instructor facilitation are highlighted in cultivating a dynamic classroom atmosphere. The study underscores other problems linked to implementing collaborative pedagogy, including resource constraints, dominant teacher-centered cultural norms, and substantial class sizes, especially in poor countries such as Nepal. The acceptance of collaborative pedagogy in Nepal is increasing owing to continuing educational reforms and curricular modifications; nonetheless, many obstacles hinder its extensive implementation. The document emphasizes the need for augmented teacher training, greater infrastructural support, and customized teaching methodologies to use the benefits of collaborative learning properly. The results demonstrate that, when properly implemented, collaborative teaching-learning methodology may substantially improve educational quality and prepare students to confront real-world difficulties.

Contributions of Lesson Study to the reconstruction of teachers' practical knowledge within a virtual setting context. Case study at Universidad Nacional de Educación (Ecuador)

PurposeThis article examines the training of nine practising teachers and the development of their practical thinking through Lesson Study (LS) at Universidad Nacional de Educación (UNAE). The study therefore aims to describe and understand how this group of teachers might reconstruct their practical knowledge while engaging in the LS experience in a virtual setting.Design/methodology/approachA case study was conducted with (virtual) field immersion, qualitatively collecting and analysing data through observations, interviews, a focus group and written outputs.FindingsReconstructions and reinforcements were evident in each of the five dimensions of practical thinking (Soto et al., 2019; Pérez-Gómez, 2022) and in certain knowledge and values, in addition to various skills, attitudes and emotions. The main findings of the study relate to the importance of planning to avoid improvisation, viewing the teaching methodology as a flexible process, developing student autonomy, understanding and managing technological and digital tools and being prepared for uncertain situations.Originality/valueIt is understood that Lesson Study is a strategy that strengthens and enhances understanding of teachers’ knowledge, even in the virtual context and should therefore be considered for the ongoing professional development of teachers in Ecuador.