Peanut Shell Powder Research Articles

Novel biomass carbon dots/chitosan hydrogel-modified TiO2: An effective reduction of Cr(VI) in various wastewater under sunlight

Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) poses a serious threat to the environment and human health owing to its inherent toxicity. Photocatalysis technology has garnered widespread attention owing to its efficiency and environmental friendliness. However, existing photocatalysts are constrained by light conditions, low reduction rates, and lack of studies in real wastewater. In this study, biomass carbon dots (P-CDs) were synthesized from peanut shell powder, then combined with chitosan (CS) and TiO2 to create a novel photocatalyst (9:1 1 % P-CDs/TiO2@CS). The photocatalyst exhibited a smaller band gap and a broader light absorption range than TiO2, while the porous structure of the hydrogel increased the contact area between P-CDs/TiO2@CS and Cr(VI), thereby enhancing its photocatalytic performance. Our study demonstrates that under simulated sunlight using a xenon lamp, 0.2 g of 9:1 1 % P-CDs/TiO2@CS reduced 50 mg/L Cr(VI) at a rate of 99.64 % in 30 min (pH 7). The photocatalyst also exhibited excellent reduction capabilities for Cr(VI) across a pH range (pH 2–9), at different concentrations (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 mg/L), and in various real wastewater samples (influent, effluent, and electroplating wastewater). After five cycles, the reduction rate was still maintained at 90.38 %. Experiments conducted under natural sunlight and ion interference further confirmed its outstanding photocatalytic performance and stability in real-world applications. Free radical trapping experiments indicated that electrons (e-) and holes (h+) were the primary active species. Additionally, antibacterial experiments showed that the reactive oxygen species generated by the photocatalyst under light irradiation effectively inhibited the proliferation ofEscherichia coli. Thus, P-CDs/TiO2@CS holds significant potential for practical application in environmental wastewater treatment.

An Approach Toward Assessing Linear Low-Density Polyethylene/Alkali-Treated Peanut Shell Fiber Blends for Rotational Molding

In order to improve the mechanical properties of polymer composites, natural fibers are being employed more and more as reinforcements. However, incorporating natural fibers can be difficult in rotational molding, a process used to make hollow plastic objects like kayaks and fuel tanks. Bi-axial rotation is a procedure that can result in fiber aggregation and is challenging to regulate. The optimal combination of NaOH-treated peanut shell powder (TPSP) and linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) for rotational molding was examined in our research reported in the manuscript. Processability was assessed using a variety of testing techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), particle size distribution, bulk density, melt flow index (MFI), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). Significant peaks with TPSP concentrations in LLDPE ranging from 10 to 22% were shown by the FTIR. Blends of TPSP with LLDPE containing more than 18% TPSP were not acceptable for rotational molding due to poor flowability, as shown by particle size and bulk density investigations and supported by MFI data. According to our study, a 16% TPSP blend was the best formulation for rotational molding since it improved the thermal stability and increased the crystallinity by around 10%.

Preparation of porous plate from municipal solid waste incineration fly ash and its application in a biofilm batch reactor

AbstractThe reutilization of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash is a prominent area of research. This study focused on creating fly ash porous plate filler (FAPPF) by using techniques, such as water extraction, milling, component adjustment, and sintering. The produced FAPPF was then used to cultivate a biofilm for wastewater treatment. The key parameters included a two‐stage water extraction process with a 5:1 liquid‐to‐solid ratio; milling for 1, 2, and 4 h; component adjustment using waste glass powder, milled fly ash, palygorskite powder, and peanut shell powder at a 7:1:1:1 mass ratio; and sintering temperatures ranging from 700 to 1000°C. For the biofilm cultivation and treatment, this study employed semisimulated sewage in a sequencing biofilm batch reactor system. The results revealed the FAPPF had no heavy metal leaching, with a porosity of 48.53%–54.68%. Approximately 90% of its composition was derived from waste materials. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy microanalysis revealed an internally stable liquid‐phase sintering structure. Finally, a mature biofilm developed in 21 days, achieving maximum removal rates of 95.48% for chemical oxygen demand and 78.4% for ammonia nitrogen. This article confirms the sustainable recycling potential of MSWI fly ash.

Adsorption of Residual Pesticide Glyphosate Isopropylamine in Surface Water by Modified Biomass Materials

Effective treatment of pesticide residue-induced pollution in the aqueous environment is the key to improving the water quality of rivers and lakes. Modified biomass material (Fe-Al-PS) was successfully prepared by impregnating Fe and Al bimetallic compounds to peanut shell powder for adsorption of glyphosate isopropylamine salt herbicide residues in aqueous environments. Fe-Al-PS reached adsorption equilibrium for 10 mg·L-1 of glyphosate isopropylamine salt at the adsorbent dosage and adsorption time of 0.14 g and 10 min, respectively, and the removal rates were stabilized at 99.9 % and 99.6 %, respectively. The adsorption process followed the pseudo-secondary kinetic and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models and belonged to multi-molecular layer chemisorption. The removal of glyphosate isopropylamine salt by Fe-Al-PS was greater than 95 % in a wide range of pH (2-11). The thermodynamic results indicated that the adsorption was a spontaneous exothermic process. Fe-Al-PS materials were easy to access and involved simple synthesis and low energy consumption, had high anti-interference ability, were reusable, and could be used not only for the effective removal of glyphosate isopropylamine salt herbicide in real water bodies but also for the removal of inorganic phosphorus.

Enhancing and hindering biodegradation: A comparative study on polyamide 6 reinforced with bio-fillers (peanut shell, olive pomace, and plaster)

In recent years, bio-reinforced composite materials have occupied an important class among the materials of mass use in our daily lives thanks to their potential advantages such as lightness, low cost, ease of implementation, and in particular biodegradation. The latter has been the objective of several studies focusing particularly on poorly biodegradable polymers, among these polymers we find polyamide 6 (PA6). It is a semi-crystalline polymer, distinguished by its good mechanical properties, excellent chemical and thermal stability, and low price compared to other polyamides. In this research, we investigated the impact of reinforcing PA6 with peanut shell powder (PSP), olive pomace powder (OPP), and plaster (PL) on its biodegradation process. Our objective was to determine whether the incorporation of these reinforcements accelerates, delays, or has no effect on PA6 biodegradation. To achieve this, we conducted degradation experiments using the bacterium Alcaligenes faecalis (AF), isolated from the public landfill of Meknes, Morocco. Our findings revealed intriguing insights into the biodegradation behavior of the PA6 composites. Specifically, the incorporation of PSP significantly enhanced PA6 biodegradation, resulting in a notable 38 % weight loss. Conversely, the inclusion of OPP led to a delay in biodegradation, with only a 19 % weight loss observed. Interestingly, the addition of plaster exhibited a biodegradation pattern similar to that of raw PA6. Furthermore, we utilized FTIR and SEM coupled with EDS elemental analysis to confirm the biodegradation of the composites. These techniques provided valuable insights into the structural, morphological, and elemental changes undergone by the composites during the biodegradation process. Overall, our study contributes novel insights into the biodegradation dynamics of PA6 composites reinforced with natural materials. By elucidating the effects of reinforcement on biodegradation, our research paves the way for the development of sustainable and eco-friendly composite materials.

Investigation of Mechanical and Thermal Stabilities of Tamarind Seed- and Peanut Shell Powder-Reinforced Vinyl Ester Composite

Efficient exploitation of agricultural waste results in a more sustainable and ecofriendly environment since it lessens the burden of their disposal, which has become increasingly important in recent times. Due to their high mechanical strength and high thermal stability, these biodegradable low-value agrosolid wastes have the potential to successfully replace synthetic fibers and fillers in polymer matrices in the form of reinforcements. This work deals with the addition of low-cost and renewable hybrid natural fillers, tamarind seed filler (TMS), and peanut shell powder (PNS) as particulate reinforcements to the vinyl ester (VE) resin. Traditional compression molding creates TMS/PNS-VE hybrid composites with filler loadings ranging from 5% to 30%. After the composites were fabricated, they were tested for strength properties and heat deflection temperature. A detailed experimental analysis of the mechanical properties was conducted. According to the findings, 20 wt.% hybrid filler loading to the vinyl ester polymer exhibited peak tensile, flexural, and impact strengths of 40.3 MPa, 142 MPa, and 16 kJ/m2, respectively, which is 1.52, 1.69, and 1.29 times the properties of the virgin polymer. However, the peak elongation at break 3.9% was obtained at 30 wt.%. Similarly, the heat deflection temperature (HDT) test of TMS/PNS-VE composites showed a maximum rise of 50.91% at 25 wt.% of filler loading. This is 1.51 times greater than the heat deflection temperature of the pure vinyl ester resin. The findings made it quite clear that adding 20 wt.% biosolid waste hybrid particulate fillers made out of tamarind seed and peanut shell to vinyl ester is the optimum weight, which improves the mechanical and thermal properties of the TMS/PNS-VE composite, making it suitable for making cost-effective materials for lightweight applications. This study also utilizes scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to investigate the microstructural characteristics of the composites, correlating these features with their mechanical performance.

Peanut Shell Powder as a Sustainable Modifier and Its Influence on Self-Healing Properties of Asphalt.

This paper investigated, for the first time, the feasibility of using peanut shell powder, a plant waste residue, as a modifier for asphalt, particularly its self-healing ability. Modified asphalt samples were prepared using varying particle size ranges and concentrations of peanut shell powder. Various tests, including fatigue-healing-fatigue tests, high- and low-temperature rheological property tests, penetration tests for conventional performance, and atomic force microscopy scans, were conducted to investigate the effects of peanut shell powder on the self-healing performance and other properties of asphalt. The results showed that the porous structure of peanut shell powder was able to absorb light components within the asphalt and release them under load, thus improving the self-healing and fatigue resistance properties of the modified asphalt. Experimental conditions such as temperature, healing time, and fatigue damage level also influenced the self-healing performance of asphalt. Additionally, peanut shell powder could increase the dynamic viscosity and high-temperature rheological property of modified asphalt while reducing its temperature susceptibility. However, it had a negative impact on the low-temperature ductility and creep rate, which could potentially lead to premature cracking of asphalt pavement in colder regions. Increasing the content of peanut shell powder and reducing its particle size within a certain range had positive effects. When the content of peanut shell powder was 4% and the particle size range was 80-100 mesh, the overall performance of modified asphalt was satisfactory.

Impact of peanut shells, olive pomace, and plaster on the dielectric properties of PA6

Polyamide 6 (PA6) is among the most widely used technical polymers due to its excellent balance between performance and cost. The diversity of its applications reflects its main qualities (good mechanical properties, thermal stability, resistance to many solvents and bases, etc.). PA6 is often used as an electrical insulator, and in this study, we have shown that we can keep this property by using Plaster (PL) as reinforcement, just as we can by incorporating bio-reinforcements including peanut shell powder (PSP) or olive pomace powder (OPP) to modify this behavior. This was achieved by studying the electrical and dielectric properties of PA6 and PA6/PSP, PA6/OPP, and PA6/PL composites using impedance spectroscopy in the glass transition region ranging from 20°C to 50°C in a range frequency 1Hz - 1MHz. The results show that the PA6/PSP and PA6/OPP composites exhibited low resistance; therefore, very good electrical conductivity was recorded. However, PA6/PL inherits almost the same characteristics as PA6. The present study asserts that the presence of charges in the composite's interfacial region greatly influences the electrical and dielectric behavior and that this behavior is strongly affected near the Tg.

Peanut shell-derived photothermal absorber for solar desalination

The development of efficient photothermal materials for solar steam generation (SSG) is important achieving high evaporation rates and efficiencies. Among various materials, biomass-derived photothermal absorbers (PTAs) can convert solar light into heat for solar desalination. This study pioneers the utilization of peanut shell as a renewable resource in solar desalination. Peanut shells, an agricultural waste with meso- and micropores, were utilized as an evaporator for interfacial solar steam generation (ISSG). Although peanut shells are an excellent source of protein, fat, and fiber, they are usually discarded after consumption. In this work, waste peanut shells were carbonized at 600 °C and 1000 °C to prepare carbonized peanut shell powder (CPS). Furthermore, the prepared CPS was coated onto polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) sponges for solar evaporation. The CPS-derived PTAs were hydrophilized with sodium alginate (SA) and cross-linked by using CaCl2 to obtain PVA@SA–CPS evaporators for solar desalination. In the seawater desalination experiment, PVA@SA–CPS–1000 exhibited a stable evaporation rate that lasted for up to 14 cycles. It presented an evaporation rate of 2.16 kg m−2 h−1 with an efficiency of 90.4 % under 1 sun illumination. Sustainability, cost-effectiveness, low greenhouse emissions, and easy adoptability are the other features of CPS utilized for desalination and water treatment.

Adsorptive removal of orange G dye from aqueous solution by ultrasonic-activated peanut shell powder: isotherm, kinetic and thermodynamic studies

ABSTRACT The current study is to develop surface-modified peanut shell granules by incorporating activated carbon to enhance the removal efficiency of Orange G dye (OGD) through adsorption. Activated carbon was prepared from Arachis hypogaea shell (Peanut shell) using a chemical activation method. Ultrasonic Activated Peanut Shell Powder (UAPSP) was characterised using FT-IR and SEM analysis to identify functional groups and assess surface morphology. To determine the optimal conditions, a batch adsorption study was conducted. The results indicated a maximum removal efficiency of 99.5% and a maximum adsorption capacity of 298.36 mg/g under the following parameters: pH 5, temperature 303 K, interaction period of 60 min, a dosage of 0.5 g/L for an OGD concentration of 10 mg/L. The adsorption mechanism in the current system was evaluated using the Langmuir, Freundlich, Sips, Temkin, and D-R isotherms models. Among these, the Langmuir isotherm exhibited the best fit with an R 2 value of 0.997. UAPSP demonstrated a monolayer adsorption capacity of 1.9 mg/g for OGD removal. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model provided the most effective fit with an R 2 value of 0.998. Thermodynamic studies revealed that the adsorption process was spontaneous and exothermic, as evidenced by the negative values of ΔG° ( −1.497) and ΔS° (16.4052) at 303 K. Additionally, the mean free energy value (E) in the D-R isotherm increased to 10.58 KJ/mol with a temperature rise from 303 K to 343 K. The characterisation results confirmed that UAPSP is an effective, cost-free, and commercial alternative adsorbent for the removal of hazardous dyes from wastewater.

Removal of Cr6+ from Synthetic Polluted Water using Fe Modified Sugarcane Bagasse & Peanut shell Powder

Unprocessed waste is dumped in lakes and rivers which possess a severe environmental risk through heavy metal’s contamination within the food chain, especially chromium Cr6+. It applies for sustainable development goals by using green solid waste as a precursor. This research mainly focuses upon the analysis of time effect for Cr6+ removal by FeCl3 modified biochar using sugarcane bagasse and peanut shell powder as biomass. Adsorbent preparation was done using Bench-Scale Fixed Bed Reactor (B-SFBR) and Cr6+ was found using the calorimetric method. Characterization was done by BET, SEM-EDX, and FTIR. The highest Cr6+ percentage removal was achieved by Modified Peanut shell Powder with 99.97% removal upon pH 2, shaking time 180 mints, speed = 150 rpm, dosage 0.3 g, Cr6+ conc 20 mg/L. Percentage Removal by Modified SB was 98.96% with Cr6+ conc 20 mg/L, dosage 0.3 g, pH 2, shaking speed 150 rpm, time 180 mints. Hence, the present experimental research concludes that FeCl3 modified peanut shell powder shows greater Cr6+ removal efficiency up to 99.97 %.

Reuse of agrowastes for dewatering enhancement of sewer sediments for brick production

With the increasing wastewater generation from domestic and industrial activities due to the rapid economic development, the generation of sludge, in particular dredged sludge from municipal sewer system, has been an issue in developing countries. This study evaluated the enhancement of sewer’s sludge dewatering via mixingthe sludgewith different agro-wastes, including corn core powder, rice husk powder, bagasse powder and peanut shell powder. The addition of these agro-waste powders helped decrease the sludge’s moisture contents up to 17% while increase the organic matters nearly to 40% after mixing with the ratio of agro-wastes and sludge of 1:3. Statistical analysis revealed the impacts of both additive types and mixing ratio on moisture content reduction. Among the four types of agro-waste, rice husk was shown to be the best additive to dredged sludges with highest reduction of heavy metal concentration and moisture content. The addition of agro-waste powders to enhance the dewatering of sludges is promising in the context of promoting waste reuse and energy saving.

Study the environmental friendly filtration loss agents effects in drilling fluids

A variety of policies have been implemented to preserve the environment by governments and environmental groups, for the efficient management of environmental challenges associated to onshore and offshore drilling and production activities. It is necessary to identify effective environmentally friendly muds and its additives to develop and to perform safe operations of drilling and production of oil and gas wells. In this work, three natural mud additives- coconut shell powder, peanut shell powder and cod cob powder are evaluated as another ecological filter loss control agent. The three similar natural mud additives are examined both individually and together in a comparative analysis of the fluid loss control agent. In comparison to the other two additives, the peanut shell with a 2.25% weight concentration is a more effective liquid loss control agent. The best results, however, were similar to those of the peanut shell additive sample and were achieved by combining the powders from peanut shell, coconut shell, and corn cob. The 1.5% and 2.25% weight concentration samples in three additive combination tests exhibit greater filtrate volume. The peanut shell is the best addition in comparison to all other samples and combinations utilised in this experiment because it is both inexpensive and environmentally safe.

Influence of Groundnut Shell Powder on Normal Concrete's Split Tensile Strength

Groundnut shell powder contains significant amounts of the chemical silica (SiO) to be utilized as construction materials. Through the use of groundnut shell powder, this study seeks to determine the split tensile strength of concrete (GSP). With a compressive strength design of f'c =21.7 MPa, the concrete mixture adheres to ACI 2I1.1-91. The aggregate of crushed stone with a maximum diameter of 19.1 mm. Portland cement type I is the type of cement utilized. With a variation of 0%, 5%, 7,5%, 10%, and 12.5%, additional material (GSP) substitutes cement in part. At 14 and 28 days old, concrete is tested for its tensile strength. For each modification, there are three cylindrical test objects, each measuring 30 cm in length and 15 cm in diameter. The split tensile strength of concrete was tested using 14-day-old peanut shell powder, and the results were 1,699 MPa, 1,840 MPa, 1,581 MPa, and 1,510 MPa, respectively. The findings demonstrated that concrete's split tensile strength (f'ct) was 28 days with a fluctuation of 0%; 5%; 7,5%; 10%; and the sequential 12.5% was 1,934; 2,170; 2.265; 1,958; and 1,887 Mpa. Following the findings, the ideal tensile strength value was at a variation of 7.5%, or 2,265 MPa, greater than 0% (1,934 MPa) of 17.11%. The age of 28 days was 7.5% higher than the age of 14 days (1,840 MPa) of 23.10% for the variation's maximum tensile strength. Compared to standard compressive strength test findings, the Split tensile strength value of concrete utilizing GSP is 6.83%

Simultaneous adsorption removal of organic and inorganic phosphorus from discharged circulating cooling water on biochar derived from agricultural waste

A high level of organic and inorganic phosphorus exists in discharged circulating cooling water (DCCW), therefore, the efficient removal of phosphorus from DCCW is necessary. Herein, the adsorption performance and mechanism of hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid (HEDP) and phosphate from DCCW on pyrolysis biochar derived from agricultural waste (wheat and corn straw wastes, and peanut shell powder) were systematically investigated. Among them, biochar prepared from wheat straw and modified with MgCl2 and CeCl3 (molar ratio 3:1), i.e., WS-3Mg/Ce, showed optimal phosphorus removal from DCCW. The pseudo-second-order and Freundlich model well described the adsorption of HEDP, PO43−, and total phosphorus (TP) on WS-3Mg/Ce. Further, negative Gibbs free energy (ΔG) indicated that WS-3Mg/Ce adsorbed HEDP and phosphate through physical adsorption and chemical reactions, with the chemical reaction being dominant. Scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction results revealed that CePO4 and Mg3(PO4)2 appeared on WS-3Mg/Ce after adsorption, and the diffraction bands of metal oxides or hydroxides decreased. Fourier transform infrared and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results showed that O–H, M-O, M-O-P, and O–P on the surface of WS-3Mg/Ce participate in the reaction. This suggests that the adsorption of HEDP and phosphate on WS-3Mg/Ce mainly involves metal binding via Ce and Mg, and chemical complex via OH−. This study provides a promising approach for removing different forms of phosphorus simultaneously from DCCW via biochar and contributes to the resource recovery of agricultural and forestry waste. Future work is needed for the optimization of the biochar to promote the adsorption capacity and renewability in treating real DCCW.

Preparation of peanut shell cellulose nanofibrils and their superhydrophobic aerogels and their application on cotton fabrics

Nowadays, the application range of biomass materials is more and more extensive. In this work, peanut shell powder was used as the raw material. The cellulose nanofibrils was extracted from it by chemical mechanical method. Then, using the sol-gel method, methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) was added to the peanut shell cellulose nanofibrils suspension to modify it. Finally, the nano-cellulose superhydrophobic aerogel was prepared by freeze-drying method. The nano-cellulose aerogel and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) were coated on the cotton fabric by spraying method, and the superhydrophobic aerogel and superhydrophobic cotton fabric were analyzed and characterized respectively. The results shown that the prepared nanocellulose aerogel had a three-dimensional sheet-like structure with superhydrophobicity. The hydrophobic property and water contact angle (WCA) of cotton fabrics were significantly improved after superhydrophobic finishing. The WCA can reached 160°, the finished fabric has good antifouling performance and self-cleaning performance, and the oil-water separation efficiency can reach 82.2%.

Development of sustainable biocomposite panels assisted with deep eutectic solvent pretreatment of agro-industrial residue

The pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass in biorefineries is a very promising path for their conversion into value-added products. However, development of sustainable pretreatment for efficient conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into value-added materials is still an emergent and challenging field. Herein, a new direction for the utilization of deep eutectic solvent (DES) pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass in the fabrication of compression-molded biocomposite panels was studied. The impact of untreated and DES-treated fibers of three types of lignocellulosic waste—corn stover (CS), peanut shell powder (PSP), and sugarcane bagasse (SCB)—on the properties of biocomposite panels using urea–formaldehyde binder was investigated. Cellulose-rich fiber (CRF) was extracted by pretreating lignocellulosic materials with choline chloride and glycerol-based synthesized DES under mild operating conditions, and high solids loading and mechanical and water absorption properties of the biocomposite board prepared from untreated and DES-treated fibers were measured. The effect of DES pretreatment on the properties of lignocellulosic fibers was evaluated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), lignocellulosic compositional analysis (LCA), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). These analyses revealed that cellulosic content and thermal stability of all DES-treated fibers improved compared to untreated samples. The biocomposite board made from DES-treated fibers had higher strength and modulus than the untreated composite board, as determined by the three-point bending test. Specifically, the modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE) of SCB biocomposite panels increased from 26.15 MPa and 1564.65 MPa to 31.28 MPa and 1871.74 MPa in DES-treated panels, respectively. These findings suggest that the novel DES-based pretreatment could be a promising sustainable processing strategy for converting agro-industrial waste into CRF to fabricate wood-composite panels with a wide range of furniture and construction applications.

Synthesis of CoFe2O4/Peanut Shell Powder Composites and the Associated Magnetic Solid Phase Extraction of Phenoxy Carboxylic Acid Herbicides in Water.

The magnetic biochar material CoFe2O4/PCPS (peanut shell powder) was prepared based on the hybrid calcination method. The properties of prepared composites and the extraction effect of magnetic solid phase extraction on phenoxy carboxylic acid herbicides were assessed. The morphology, crystal structure, specific surface area, and pore size distribution of the material were analysed using a transmission electron microscope (TEM), infrared Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and N2 absorption surface analysis (BET). The results of the magnetic solid phase extraction of a variety of phenoxy carboxylic acid herbicides in water using CoFe2O4/PCPS composites showed that, when the mass ratio of CoFe2O4 and PCPS was 1:1, 40 mg of the composite was used, and the adsorption time was 10 min at pH 8.50. Methanol was used as the eluent, and the recovery rates of the three phenoxy carboxylic acid herbicides were maintained at 81.95–99.07%. Furthermore, the actual water sample analysis results showed that the established method had good accuracy, stability, and reliability.

Nutshell Powder‐Based Green Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Wind Energy Harvesting

AbstractAs an agricultural waste, peanut shell powder (PSP) is rich in cellulose and lignin, but its traditional treatment not only has additional disposal costs, but also causes environmental pollution. Here, a low‐cost and environment‐friendly triboelectric nanogenerator based on PSP (PSP‐TENG) is designed for efficient wind energy harvesting. PSP film is used as the tribo‐positive layer, with high surface charge density. The maximum output power density of the PSP‐TENG reaches 365 mW m–2 with a short‐circuit current of 39.4 µA and an open‐circuit voltage of 248.9 V. About 228 commercial LEDs can be lighted up by the wind‐driven PSP‐TENG, which can also be used as a sensor to measure the wind speed. By integrating with capacitor, PSP‐TENG can provide continuous and stable power supply for electronic devices, such as hygrometers, calculators, and stopwatches. Besides, an efficient self‐powered cathodic protection system based on PSP‐TENG is designed for anti‐corrosion for marine pipelines and ships. This work provides a simple and environment‐friendly “waste‐to‐energy technology,” which has a huge application prospect in agricultural waste treatment, new energy, and self‐powered system.

Peanut shell from agricultural wastes as a sustainable filler for polyamide biocomposites fabrication

ObjectiveNatural fibers reinforcements have gained increasing attention for the development of biocomposites thanks to their biodegradability and renewability. The search for natural-based reinforcements that improve the biodegradation of plastics while maintaining their physicochemical and mechanical properties is a never-ending task. Herein, we report the preparation of new biocomposites based on polyamide 6 (PA6) matrix and peanut shell powder (PSP) reinforcement. MethodologyThe biobased composites were prepared by incorporating different amounts of PSP, from 5% to 20% by weight, and then characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction technique (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscope (MEB). ResultsResults showed that the addition of PSP did not affect the density of PA6. Its crystallinity was unaffected by the addition of 5%, 10%, and 15% of PSP, while it slightly decreases after the addition of 20% PSP. All analyses showed that the matrix kept its structure after adding a PSP concentration up to 15%, while a higher amount resulted in a new structure. ConclusionResults of the present work might open a new way towards the development of efficient biocomposites through the valorization of natural fibers.